P Oskarshamn site investigation. Drill hole: KSH02. Extensometer measurement of the coefficient of thermal expansion of rock
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1 P Oskarshamn site investigation Drill hole: KSH02 Extensometer measurement of the coefficient of thermal expansion of rock Urban Åkesson Swedish National Testing and Research Institute March 2004 Svensk Kärnbränslehantering AB Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co Box 5864 SE Stockholm Sweden Tel Fax
2 ISSN SKB P Oskarshamn site investigation Drill hole: KSH02 Extensometer measurement of the coefficient of thermal expansion of rock Urban Åkesson Swedish National Testing and Research Institute March 2004 Keywords: Rock mechanics, Coefficient of thermal expansion, Temperature change, Density, Porosity. This report concerns a study which was conducted for SKB. The conclusions and viewpoints presented in the report are those of the author and do not necessarily coincide with those of the client. A pdf version of this document can be downloaded from
3 Abstract The coefficient of thermal expansion and the wet density has been determined on six specimens from drill hole KSH02. The specimens were sampled on one level in the drill hole at a depth of approximately 300 m. The investigated rock type is mapped as a fine-grained dioritoid. The coefficient of thermal expansion has been determined between the temperature interval C. The results indicated that the thermal expansion was almost linear and the coefficient of thermal expansion range between 6.5 and 9.9 x 10 6 mm/mm C. 3
4 Contents 1 Introduction 7 2 Objective and scope 9 3 Equipment 11 4 Execution Description of the samples Testing 14 5 Results Description of the specimens and presentation of the results Results for the entire test series Discussion 18 References 19 Appendix 1 Checklist measurements 21 Appendix 2 Determination of the linear coefficient of thermal expansion 23 Appendix 3 Determination of wet density 27 5
5 1 Introduction This document reports the data collected by Simpevarp, which is one of the activities performed as part of the site investigation at Oskarshamn. The work was carried out in accordance with activity plan AP PS (SKB internal controlling document). The principle of the measurements is to determine the coefficient of thermal expansion at different temperatures. The cores are sampled from borehole KSH02 in the Simpevarp area (Figure 1-1). It was sampled 19 September 2003 by Thomas Janson, Tyréns AB and Urban Åkesson, The Swedish National Testing and Research Institute (SP). Specimens were taken from one level in the rock core at a depth of approximately 300 m. The rock cores were transported by SP from Simpevarp and arrived to SP 20 September The testing was performed during January and March Figure 1-1. Map of Oskarshamn site. 7
6 2 Objective and scope The purpose is to determine the linear coefficient of thermal expansion for rock cores in water-saturated condition between C. These parameters will be included in rock mechanical model for the Simpevarp area, performed by SKB. The specimens and the results will be presented in tables, diagrams and spreadsheets. 9
7 3 Equipment Following equipment has been used for the analyses: Extensometer (DEMEC inv no ) for measurements of the thermal expansion. Calibration of the instrument was done before the measurements on every new temperature (see Appendix 2). The uncertainty of the extensometer is ± 3.97 x 10 6 mm/mm (strain) which for these samples equals an uncertainty of a single measurement of the coefficient of thermal expansion of ± 0.2 x 10 6 mm/mm C for a temperature difference of 20 C. Reference bar in invar steel for calibrate the extensometer. Heating chamber (inv no ) with an accuracy of ± 0.7 C at 80 C for heating up the specimens. A covered plastic box filled with water for keeping the specimens water saturated. 11
8 4 Execution Determination of the coefficient of thermal expansion was made in accordance with SKB s method description SKB MD version 1.9 (SKB internal controlling document). The department of Building Technology and Mechanics (BM) at SP performed the test. 4.1 Description of the samples From the Simpevarp area was specimens sampled on one level in drill hole KSH02. The drill hole starts at a depth of 100 m, and the sampled level was at approximately depth of 300 m. Six specimens, with a length of 250 mm and a diameter of 50 mm were sampled. The sampled rock type is a fine-grained dioritoid. Detailed geological description of the rock type is given in SKB s BOREMAP of KSH02. Table 4-1 show the rock type and identification marks of the specimens. Table 4-1. Rock type and identification marks (Rock-type classification according to Boremap). Rock type Identification Sampling depth, according to the marks on the drill-core boxes (Sec up) Fine-grained dioritoid KSH02-90L Fine-grained dioritoid KSH02-90L Fine-grained dioritoid KSH02-90L Fine-grained dioritoid KSH02-90L Fine-grained dioritoid KSH02-90L Fine-grained dioritoid KSH02-90L
9 4.2 Testing The execution procedure followed the prescription in SKB MD version 1.9 and SKB MD version 1.9. (SKB internal controlling document) and the following steps were performed: Item Activity 1 The specimens were cut according to the marks on the rock cores. 2 Two measuring points with a distance of 200 mm were glued on the specimens. 3 The specimens were water saturated for seven days. 4 The wet density was determined (see Appendix 3). 5 The coefficient of thermal expansion was determined. The thermal expansion was measured at 20, 40, 60 and 80 C. On each temperature level was three to five measurements done with 24 h intervals in order to know that the expansion was completed for each temperature level (see Appendix 2). The coefficient of thermal expansion was determined between C. 6 The specimens were photographed in JPEG-format. 14
10 5 Results The main results of the site investigation of KSH02 could be found in the database SICADA FN Description of the specimens and presentation of the results The temperature of water for water saturation was 21.2 C and the density of the water was 998 kg/m 3. The coefficient of thermal expansion was determined between C. KSH02-90L-1 (312.17) KSH02A-90L-1 Thermal expansion (mm/mm) 0,0007 0,0006 0,0005 0,0004 0,0003 0,0002 0, Temperature (C) Figure 5-1. Specimen KSH02-90L-1. The coefficient of thermal expansion for specimen KSH02-90L-1 was measured to be 9.3 x 10 6 mm/mm C and the specimen had a wet density to 2770 kg/m 3. 15
11 KSH02-90L-2 (314.33) KSH02A-90L-2 Thermal expansion (mm/mm) 0,0007 0,0006 0,0005 0,0004 0,0003 0,0002 0, Temperature (C) Figure 5-2. Specimen KSH02-90L-2. The coefficient of thermal expansion for specimen KSH02A-90L-2 was measured to be 9.3 x 10 6 mm/mm C and the specimen had a wet density of 2760 kg/m 3. KSH02-90L-3 (323.45) KSH02A-90L-3 Thermal expansion (mm/mm) 0,0007 0,0006 0,0005 0,0004 0,0003 0,0002 0, Temperature (C) Figure 5-3. Specimen KSH02-90L-3. The coefficient of thermal expansion for specimen KSH02A-90L-3 was measured to be 9.9 x 10 6 mm/mm C and the specimen had a wet density of 2780 kg/m 3. 16
12 KSH02-90L-4 (324.78) KSH02A-90L-4 Thermal expansion (mm/mm) 0,0007 0,0006 0,0005 0,0004 0,0003 0,0002 0, Temperature (C) Figure 5-4. Specimen KSH02-90L-4. The coefficient of thermal expansion for specimen KSH02A-90L-4 was measured to be 6.5 x 10 6 mm/mm C and the specimen had a wet density of 2770 kg/m 3. KSH02-90L-5 (326.32) KSH02A-90L-5 Thermal expansion (mm/mm) 0,0007 0,0006 0,0005 0,0004 0,0003 0,0002 0, Temperature (C) Figure 5-5. Specimen KSH02-90L-5. The coefficient of thermal expansion for specimen KSH02A-90L-5 was measured to be 6.6 x 10 6 mm/mm C and the specimen had a wet density of 2750 kg/m 3. 17
13 KSH02-90L-6 (326.85) KSH02A-90L-6 Thermal expansion (mm/mm) 0,0007 0,0006 0,0005 0,0004 0,0003 0,0002 0, Temperature (C) Figure 5-6. Specimen KSH02-90L-6. The coefficient of thermal expansion for specimen KSH01A-90L-6 was measured to be 6.8 x 10 6 mm/mm C and the specimen had a wet density of 2750 kg/m Results for the entire test series Table 5-1. Summary of the results for the coefficient of thermal expansion and wet density of the tested specimens. Specimen Coefficient of thermal expansion between 20 and 80 C (mm/mm C) KSH01A-90L x KSH01A-90L x KSH01A-90L x KSH01A-90L x KSH01A-90L x KSH01A-90L x Median 8.1 x 10 6 Maximun value 9.9 x 10 6 Minimun value 6.5 x 10 6 Wet density (Kg/m 3 ) 5.3 Discussion The variation between the samples is approximately 3 mm/mm C which is more than 10 times the uncertainty of the measurement (0,2 x 10 6 mm/mm C). 18
14 References NT BUILD 479. Natural Building stones: Coefficient of thermal expansion. 19
15 Checklist measurements Appendix 1 Kvalitetsdokument Blankett BMm-QR 51 Bygg och Mekanik Checklista längdutvidgning Version 1,0 Utfärdat Författare Lotta Carlsson Godkännare Matz Sandström Sida 1(1) Fyll i datum och signatur i rutorna. Appendix 1 KSH02A thermal expansion Sida 1 av 1 Instrument (inventarienr): Prov id Provberedning Limning Vattenmättning Vattenmättnads Provning mätdubbar densitet KSHO2A Lej Lej Lej Lej Lej Lej Lej Lej Lej Utskrivet dokument är ostyrt, dvs inte säkert gällande. 21
16 Determination of the linear coefficient of thermal expansion Appendix 2 Längdutvidgningskoefficient Provningsmetod: NT BUILD 479 Vattenmättad temperaturintervall C Borrhål/nivå: 1 skaldel motsvarar 3,97 mikrostrain = 3,97x10-6 strain Delta l = längdförändringen i mm = strain x l 23 Prov id Skalvärde start Skalvärde vid mätning Differens skaldelar strain Delta l l Längdutvidgningskoeff Längdutv 20 C C (mm/mm) mm/mm per grader C mm/mm KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , C KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , C KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, ,000143
17 Längdutvidgningskoefficient Provningsmetod: NT BUILD 479 Vattenmättad temperaturintervall C Borrhål/nivå: 1 skaldel motsvarar 3,97 mikrostrain = 3,97x10-6 strain Delta l = längdförändringen i mm = strain x l 24 Prov id Skalvärde start Skalvärde vid mätning Differens skaldelar strain Delta l l Längdutvidgningskoeff Längdutv 20 C C (mm/mm) mm/mm per grader C mm/mm KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , C KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , C KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, ,000306
18 Längdutvidgningskoefficient Provningsmetod: NT BUILD 479 Vattenmättad temperaturintervall C Borrhål/nivå: 1 skaldel motsvarar 3,97 mikrostrain = 3,97x10-6 strain Delta l = längdförändringen i mm = strain x l 25 Prov id Skalvärde start Skalvärde vid mätning Differens skaldelar strain Delta l l Längdutvidgningskoeff Längdutv 20 C C (mm/mm) mm/mm per grader C mm/mm KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , C KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , C KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , C KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, , KSH02A-90L , , ,0 0, ,000409
19 Prov id längdutv mm/mm median median median 80 KSH02A-90L-1 0, , , , , , , , , , , , , KSH02A-90L-2 0, , , , , , , , , , , , , KSH02A-90L-3 0, , , , , , , , , , , , , KSH02A-90L-4 0, , , , , , , , , , , , , KSH02A-90L-5 0, , , , , , , , , , , , , KSH02A-90L-6 0, , , , , , , , , , , , , KSH02A-90L-1 0 0, , , KSH02A-90L-2 0 0, , , KSH02A-90L-3 0 0, , , KSH02A-90L-4 0 0, , , KSH02A-90L-5 0 0, , , KSH02A-90L-6 0 0, , ,000411
20 Appendix 3 Determination of wet density Vattenmättnadsdensitet Uppdrags nr: P Metod: EN 13755, ISRM (1973), avsnitt 3 samt SKB MD version 1.0 Provad av: Lej Datum: Provmärkning: Vikt i vatten, Msub Yttor vikt, Msat Torr vikt, Ms Bulk volume, V Pore volume, Vv Porosity, n Dry density, d Wet density (g) (g) (g) (cm3) (cm3) (%) (g/cm3) (g/cm3) 1 KSHO2A 90l-1 844, ,09 476, ,74 277,44 0,000 2, , ,96 471, ,56 276,20 0,000 2, , ,45 472, ,09 278,91 0,000 2, , ,35 472, ,98 277,85 0,000 2, , ,63 471, ,23 275,53 0,000 2, , ,51 463, ,07 275,80 0,000 2, ,00 0,00 #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! 8 0,00 0,00 #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! 9 0,00 0,00 #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! 10 0,00 0,00 #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! 11 0,00 0,00 #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! 12 0,00 0,00 #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! 13 0,00 0,00 #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! 14 0,00 0,00 #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! 15 0,00 0,00 #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! 16 0,00 0,00 #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! 17 0,00 0,00 #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! 18 0,00 0,00 #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! 19 0,00 0,00 #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! 20 0,00 0,00 #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! 21 0,00 0,00 #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! Medel 832, ,165 #DIVISION/0! 134, ,079 #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! std avvikelse 12,179 16,233 #DIVISION/0! 218, ,512 #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! #DIVISION/0! Vattnets temperatur (º 21,2 Våg, inv.nr: Vattnets desitet (ºC): 0,998 Termometer, inv.nr:
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