Hierarchical Dynamics of Soft Matters & Prospects of Japanese Future Light Sources

Transcription

1 XDL Workshop Cornell Univ. Hierarchical Dynamics of Soft Matters & Prospects of Japanese Future Light Sources Yuya Shinohara Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo yuya@k.u-tokyo.ac.jp

2 Soft Matter 2 / 22

3 Soft Matter 2 / 22

4 Soft Matter Complexity & Flexibility 3 / 22

5 Soft Matter Complexity & Flexibility Hierarchical Structure and Heterogeneity 3 / 22

6 Soft Matter Complexity & Flexibility Hierarchical Structure and Heterogeneity XPCS using Future Sources 3 / 22

7 Hierarchical Structure of Soft Matter t/s Single molecule phase separation vs organized structure E/eV 10 3 Macroscopic phase separation Microscopic phase separation Main chain Side chain Segmentation dynamics Polymer Entanglement Biomolecues Membrane Cell Living things r/nm s/nm / 22

8 Reinforcement Effect 100nm 5 / 22

9 Reinforcement Effect 100nm surface fractal mass fractal primary particle aggregate agglomerate TEM Image 5 / 22

10 Reinforcement Effect 100nm Time scale? surface fractal mass fractal primary particle aggregate agglomerate TEM Image 5 / 22

11 (Fuel Efficiency) 60 km/h ~ 10 Hz 6 / 22

12 (Fuel Efficiency) 60 km/h ~ 10 brake, wet road surface ~ Hz 100 nm 6 / 22

13 (Fuel Efficiency) 60 km/h ~ 10 Hz Dynamics of Particles in Different Time brake, wet road surface ~ Hz 100 nm 6 / 22

14 WAXS SAXS USAXS t/s q/nm -1 E /ev 10 0 X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy Neutron Scattering BS "cold" NSE Photon Correlation Light Scattering TOF Brillouin Raman Inelastic X-ray Scattering r/nm / 22

15 WAXS SAXS USAXS t/s q/nm -1 E /ev 10 0 X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy Future Sources "cold" Neutron Scattering BS NSE Photon Correlation Light Scattering TOF Brillouin Raman Inelastic X-ray Scattering r/nm / 22

16 Speckle Visibility Spectroscopy with FEL X-ray pulse sample time delay ps - ns detector 8 / 22

17 Speckle Visibility Spectroscopy with FEL X-ray pulse sample time delay ps - ns too fast!? detector 8 / 22

18 SVS with ERL 2 I i /<I> T = 2x10-2 s T = 2x10-3 s T = 2x10-4 s D. J. Durian et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, (2003). Rev. Sci. Instrum. 76, (2005) 0 2 T = 2x10-5 s pixel number, i Changing Exposure Time --> Change in Visibility of Speckle Patterns Continuous Source --> XPCS in milli-, micro- & nano-seconds!! important for Soft Matter Science 9 / 22

19 XPCS in milli-, micro- & nano-seconds 10 / 22

20 XPCS in milli-, micro- & nano-seconds How?? 10 / 22

21 XPCS in milli-, micro- & nano-seconds How?? Let me introduce... our detector for XPCS 10 / 22

22 Integrated detector Image Intensifier (MCP) X-ray CCD or CMOS phosphor (P-46) Coupling Lenses Y. Shinohara 11 / 22 et al., J. Synchrotron Rad., 17, (2010).

23 Advantage Exp. time: easily adjustable (Electronic-shutter) Image sensor: wide selection high count rate (integrated detector) (relatively) low-cost! high compatibility with ERL (??) 12 / 22

24 Scattering Study of Soft Matter... Averaged Structure & Dynamics SAXS, (conventional) XPCS / 22

25 Highly Coherent X-ray Averaged Structure & Dynamics 14 / 22

26 Conventional Structure SAXS (averaged structure) Dynamics Conventional XPCS (averaged dynamics) Future Coherent Diffraction Imaging Future XPCS Local, heterogeneous, detailed distribution... Dynamical Heterogeneity 15 / 22

27 Visualization of Dynamical Heterogeneity Highly Brilliant Continuous source + ex.) Near-Field Scattering R. Cerbino & A. Vailati, Curr. Opin. Colloid In., 14, 416 (2009) L. Berthier, Physics, 4, 42 (2011) Mapping of Dynamics in nm - mm scale!! 16 / 22

28 Brief Summary XPCS with Future Light Sources Dynamics in wider temporal scale Distribution of Dynamics 17/ 22

29 Introduction of Japanese Future Light Sources Fukushima Photon Factory & KEK Tokyo SPring-8 & SACLA / 22 18

30 SACLA & SPring-8 X-ray laser Upgrade to SPring-8 II? (Ultimate storage ring) 19/ 22

31 SACLA & SPring-8 X-ray laser Upgrade to SPring-8 II? (Ultimate storage ring) Combination of XFEL & USR!! 19/ 22

32 ERL KEK Compact ERL (35 MeV, 10 ma) ERL & XFEL-O 20/ 22

33 Collaborators & Acknowledgement Prof. Y. AMEMIYA (Univ. of Tokyo) Dr. N. Yagi (JASRI/SPring-8) Member of Amemiya lab & JASRI/SPring-8 Special thanks: ERL Project office, Photon Factory, KEK 21/ 22