Hydroclimate over the Common Era from Sr/Ca and d 18 O records of corals Thomas Felis
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1 Hydroclimate over the Common Era from Sr/Ca and d 18 O records of corals Thomas Felis PAGES 2k PMIP3 Workshop Comparing data and model estimates of hydroclimate variability and change over the Common Era June 1-3, 2016 Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
2 Tarawa coral d 18 O ENSO rainfall proxy Tarawa coral d 18 O Cole et al., 1993, Science
3 SST field reconstruction from coral d 18 O 11 coral records Evans et al., 2002, Paleoceanography
4 Volcanic forcing & tropical temperatures D Arrigo et al., 2009, Nature Geoscience
5 SST variability over past the millennium Emile-Geay et al., 2013, Journal of Climate
6 Tropical SST for the past four centuries PAGES Ocean2k Tierney et al., 2015, Paleoceanogr.
7 Hydroclimate signals in coral records Correlation with land precipitation Coral-geoduck index Winter PDO index CRU TS 2.1: Mitchell & Jones (2005) November-February ( ) 3-year running averages CRU TS 2.1: Mitchell & Jones (2005) Felis et al., 2010, Geophys. Res. Lett.
8 Figure credit: Thomas Felis, MARUM Shallow-water coral archives skeleton of aragonite (CaCO 3 ) growth rate: ~1 cm/year annual density band pairs incorporate isotopic and elemental tracers live for several centuries
9 Coral archives Chronology Oct 2002 October 2002 I cm 5 cm High density bands: summer Low density bands: winter core length: 174 cm growth rate: 1.2 cm/year high density bands: summer low density bands: winter Felis et al., 2009, Geology
10 C o r a l S u r f a c e 29 November 1995 Figure credit: Thomas Felis, MARUM Coral archives Chronology Y e a r s C Coral d 18 O 1992 High Density Band Low Density Band 1995 ( PDB) Coral d 13 C Direction of Coral Growth Distance from Top of Coral (cm)
11 Figure credit: Thomas Felis, MARUM Coral archives Proxies Coral growth rate Temperature Nutrients Food Light Coral d 18 O Temperature Seawater d 18 O (related to salinity) Coral Sr/Ca Temperature
12 Figure credit: Thomas Felis, MARUM Coral archives Proxies Coral d 18 O Temperature Seawater d 18 O (related to salinity) Coral Sr/Ca Temperature
13 Figure credit: Thomas Felis, MARUM Coral archives Proxies Coral d 18 O Temperature Seawater d 18 O > Hydrologic balance > Oceanic processes Coral Sr/Ca Temperature
14 Hendy et al., 2002, Science Great Barrier Reef coral Sr/Ca, U/Ca, d 18 O Coral Sr/Ca Coral U/Ca Coral d 18 O
15 Felis et al., 2009, Geology North Pacific coral Sr/Ca, U/Ca, d 18 O Coral d 18 O ( VPDB) Coral U/Ca ( mol/mol) Coral d 18 O Coral Sr/Ca Coral U/Ca Coral Sr/Ca (mmol/mol) Year
16 Felis et al., 2009, Geology N. Pacific coral Sr/Ca, d 18 O, d 18 O seawater SST ( C) Coral Sr/Ca Sr/Ca Coral U/Ca Coral U/Ca SST Coral Sr/Ca (mmol/mol) Coral U/Ca ( mol/mol) Coral Coral d 18 d O Coral d 18 O seawater Coral d 18 O ( VPDB) SODA SSS (psu) Less saline More saline SSS Coral d 18 O (Sr/Ca) Coral d 18 O (U/Ca) Coral d 18 O ( ) Coral SSS anomaly (psu) Year
17 Cobb et al., 2001, Geophys. Res. Lett. Nurhati et al., 2011, J. Clim. Cent. Pacific coral Sr/Ca, d 18 O, d 18 O seawater Coral d 18 O Coral Sr/Ca Coral d 18 O seawater
18 Coral records (PAGES Ocean2k) 39 coral records Tierney et al., 2015, Paleoceanogr.
19 Coral records (PAGES Ocean2k) 10 paired Sr/Ca and d 18 O records seasonal to monthly resolution annual resolution Tierney et al., 2015, Paleoceanogr.
20 Coral records 12 paired Sr/Ca and d 18 O records (+1 unpublished) seasonal to monthly resolution ( annual resolution unpublished)
21 Coral records 9 paired Sr/Ca and d 18 O records (1 unpublished) seasonal to monthly resolution ( unpublished)
22 North Pacific coral seawater d 18 O correlation with precipitation (CRU TS3.22) Harris et al., 2014, Int. J. Climatol OGA δ 18 O SW Annual PP Annual o N 30 o N 0 o 30 o S corr elation coefficie nt o S o W 120 o W 60 o W 0 o 60 o E 120 o E 180 o W Ogasawara coral record - Felis et al., 2009, Geology 0.4
23 North Pacific coral seawater d 18 O correlation with SPEI (Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index) Vicente-Serrano et al., 2010, J. Clim OGA δ 18 O SW Annual SPEI1 Annual o N o N 0 o 30 o S correlation coef ficient o S 180 o W 120 o W 60 o W 0 o 60 o E 120 o E 180 o W Ogasawara coral record - Felis et al., 2009, Geology 0.4
24 Coral seawater d 18 O reconstructions Coral d 18 O ( ) Coral d 18 O ( ) Western North Pacific (27 N) Western tropical Atlantic (16 N) fresh saline Central tropical Pacific (6 N) Western Indian Ocean (13 S) Year Coral d 18 O ( ) Coral d 18 O ( ) Felis et al., 2009 Hetzinger et al., 2010 Cobb et al., 2001 Nurhati et al., 2011 Zinke et al., 2008
25 Tierney et al., 2015, Paleoceanogr. PAGES Ocean2k Cobb et al., 2001, Geophys. Res. Lett. Nurhati et al., 2011, J. Clim. Central Pacific coral Sr/Ca, d 18 O, SST
26 PAGES Ocean2k Tierney et al., 2015, Paleoceanogr. Cobb et al., 2001, Geophys. Res. Lett. Nurhati et al., 2011, J. Clim. Central Pacific coral d 18 O, SST, salinity
27 Coral seawater d 18 O reconstructions Coral d 18 O ( ) Western tropical S. Pacific (18 S) Central tropical S. Pacific (21 S) fresh Coral d 18 O ( ) Coral d 18 O ( ) Hendy et al., 2002 Linsley et al., 2000 Ren et al., 2002 Quinn et al., 1998 DeLong et al., 2012 Western tropical S. Pacific (22 S) saline Year
28 Hydroclimate from coral Sr/Ca - d 18 O Coral d 18 O: temperature AND seawater d 18 O Coral Sr/Ca: temperature Paired coral Sr/Ca and d 18 O: seawater d 18 O (calculated) Seasonally resolved records: better chronology ~13 paired coral Sr/Ca and d 18 O records available many back to the 1880s to 1870s some back to the 18th and 17th century
29 Last millennium hydroclimate - tree rings NADA: North American Drought Atlas OWDA: Old World Drought Atlas MADA: Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas Cook et al., 2015, Sci. Adv.
30 Last millennium hydroclimate - multiproxy Ljungqvist et al., 2016, Nature
31 ~13 coral seawater d 18 O reconstructions seasonal to monthly resolution ( annual resolution unpublished)
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