Indian Minerals Yearbook 2016

Transcription

1 Indian Minerals Yearbook 2016 (Part- I 55 th Edition STATE REVIEWS (Tamil Nadu (ADVANCE RELEASE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF MINES INDIAN BUREAU OF MINES Indira Bhavan, Civil Lines, GPUR PHONE/FAX NO. ( PBX : ( , , cme@ibm.gov.in Website: February,

2 TAMIL DU Mineral Resources Tamil Nadu is the leading holder of country's resources of vermiculite, molybdenum, dunite, rutile, garnet, and ilmenite. The State accounts for the country's 79% vermiculite, 65% dunite, 52% molybdenum, 48% garnet, 30% titanium mineral, 25% each sillimanite & magnesite and 16% fire clay resources. Important minerals that are found to occur in the State are: bauxite in Dindigul, Namakkal, Nilgiris & Salem districts; dunite/pyroxenite in Salem district; felspar in Coimbatore, Dindigul, Erode, Kanchipuram, Karur, Namakkal, Salem & Tiruchirapalli districts; fireclay in Cuddalore, Kanchipuram, Perambalur, Pudukottai, Sivaganga, Thiruvallur, Tiruchirapalli, Vellore & Villupuram districts; garnet in Ramanathapuram, Tiruchirapalli, Tiruvarur, Kanyakumari, Thanjavur & Tirunelveli districts; granite in Dharmapuri, Erode, Kanchipuram, Madurai, Salem, Thiruvannamalai, Tiruchirapalli, Tirunelveli, Vellore & Villupuram districts; graphite in Madurai, Ramnathapuram, Sivaganga & Vellore districts; and gypsum in Coimbatore, Perambalur, Ramnathapuram, Tiruchirapalli, Tirunelveli, Thoothukudi & Virudhunagar districts. Similarly, occurrences of minerals, such as, lignite deposits are located in Cuddalore, Ariyalur, Thanjavur, Thiruvarur, Nagapattinam, Ramnad, Shivganga & Ramanathapuram districts; limestone in Coimbatore, Cuddalore, Dindigul, Kanchipuram, Karur, Madurai, Nagapattinam, Namakkal, Perambalur, Ramnathapuram, Salem, Thiruvallur, Tiruchirapalli, Tirunelveli, Vellore, Villupuram & Virudhunagar districts; magnesite in Coimbatore, Dharmapuri, Karur, Namakkal, Nilgiri, Salem, Tiruchirapalli, Tirunelveli & Vellore districts; quartz/silica sand in Chennai, Coimbatore, Cuddalore, Dharmapuri, Dindigul, Erode, Kanchipuram, Karur, Madurai, Namakkal, Periyar, Perambalur, Salem, Thiruvallur, Thiruvarur, Nagapattinam, Tiruchirapalli, Villupuram, Virudhunagar & Vellore districts; talc/steatite/ soapstone in Coimbatore, Salem, Tiruchirapalli & Vellore districts; titanium minerals in Kanyakumari, Nagapattinam, Ramanathapuram, Thiruvallur, Tirunelveli & Thoothukudi districts; vermiculite in Dharmapuri, Tiruchirapalli & Vellore districts; and zircon in Kanyakumari district have been established. Other minerals that occur in the State are: apatite in Dharmapuri & Vellore districts; barytes in Erode, Madurai, Perambalur, Tirunelveli & Vellore districts; bentonite in Chengai-Anna district; calcite in Salem district; china clay in Cuddalore, Dharmapuri, Kanchipuram, Nilgiris, Sivaganga, Thiruvallur, Tiruvannamalai, Tiruchirapalli & Villupuram districts; chromite in Coimbatore & Salem districts; copper, lead-zinc and silver in Villupuram district; corundum and gold in Dharmapuri district; dolomite in Salem & Tirunelveli districts; emerald in Coimbatore district; iron ore (magnetite in Dharmapuri, Erode, Nilgiris, Salem, Thiruvannamalai, Tiruchirapalli & Villupuram districts; kyanite in Kanyakumari & Tirunelveli districts; molybdenum in Dharmapuri, Dindigul & Vellore districts; pyrite in Vellore district; sillimanite in Kanyakumari, Karur & Tirunelveli districts; tungsten in Madurai & Dindigul districts; and wollastonite in Dharmapuri & Tirunelveli districts (Table-1. District-wise reserves/resources of lignite are provided in Table-2. In addition to the above, Petroleum and natural gas deposits are found to be located in Cauvery basin area. 11-2

3 Table 1: Reserves/Resources of Minerals as on : Tamil Nadu Reserves Remaining resources Total Mineral Unit Proved Probable Total Feasibility Pre-feasibility Measured Indicated Inferred Reconnaissance Total resources STD 111 (A STD211 STD331 STD332 STD333 STD334 (B (A+B STD121 STD122 STD221 STD222 Apatite tonne Barytes tonne Bauxite '000 tonnes Bentonite ## tonne Calcite# tonne China clay # '000 tonnes Chromite '000 tonnes Copper Ore '000 tonnes Metal '000 tonnes Corundum tonne Dolomite # '000 tonnes Dunite # '000 tonnes Feldspar # tonne Fire clay # '000 tonnes Garnet tonne Gold Ore (Primary tonne Metal (Primary tonne Granite ## (Dim. Stone '000 cum Graphite tonne Gypsum # '000 tonnes Iron ore (Magnetite '000 tonnes Kyanite tonne Lead-Zinc Ore '000 tonnes Lead metal '000 tonnes Zinc metal '000 tonnes Limestone '000 tonnes Magnesite '000 tonnes (Contd. 11-3

4 Table -1(Concld. Reserves Remaining resources Total Mineral Unit Proved Probable Total Feasibility Pre-feasibility Measured Indicated Inferred Reconnaissance Total resources STD 111 (A STD211 STD331 STD332 STD333 STD334 (B (A+B STD121 STD122 STD221 STD222 Molybdenum Ore tonne Contained MOS 2 tonne Pyrite '000 tonnes Quartz- Silica sand # '000 tonnes Silver Ore tonne Metal tonne Sillimanite tonne Talc-steatitesoapstone # '000 tonnes Titanium minerals** tonne Tungsten Ore tonne Contained WO 3 tonne Vermiculite tonne Wollastonite tonne Zircon tonne Figures rounded off. Note:The proved and indicated balance recoverable reserves of crude oil and natural gas in the State as on are million tonnes and billion cu m, respectively. ** Resources as per Department of Atomic Energy are provided in the respective Mineral Reviews. # Declared as minor mineral vide Gazettee notification dated ## Minor mineral before Gazette Notification dated

5 Table 2: Reserves/Resources of Lignite as on : Tamil Nadu (In million tonnes District Proved Indicated Inferred Total Total Cuddalore Ariyalur Thanjavur Thanjavur & Thiruvarur Thanjavur & Nagapattinam Thiruvarur & Nagapattinam Ramanathapuram Ramnad Ramnad & Sivaganga Source: Coal Directory of India, Exploration & Development The details of exploration activities conducted by GSI & various agencies for lignite and other minerals during are furnished in Table - 3. During , National Oil Companies (NOC continued their seismic survey and acquired seismic data in the State. Production The value of mineral production (excludes atomic mineral in Tamil Nadu at ` 7,287 crore in decreased by 5% as compared to that in the previous year. The State contributed about 3% to the total value of mineral production in the country. The principal minerals produced in the State were lignite, natural gas (utilised, limestone, petroleum (crude, magnesite, garnet (abrasive, graphite (r.o.m., bauxite, and vermiculite which together accounted for about 94% of the total value of the minerals produced in the State in The State was the leading producer of magnesite (77%, graphite (r.o.m. (67% and lignite (55%. During the year under review, increase in production was observed in graphite (r.o.m. (24%, petroleum (crude (9%, garnet (abrasive (3% and limestone (2% as compared to the previous year. However, decrease in the production was reported for lignite (4%, magnesite (10%, natural gas (utilised. (15%, vermiculite (56% and bauxite (65% as compared to the previous year (Table - 4. The value of production of minor minerals was estimated at ` 438 crore for the year The number of reporting mines was 252 in as against 313 in the previous year. 11-5

6 Table 3 : Details of Exploration Activities in Tamil Nadu, Agency/ Location Mapping Drilling Sampling Remarks Mineral/ Scale Area No. of Meterage Reserves/Resources estimated District (sq km boreholes GSI Dunite Namakkal Part of Palghat 1: Cauvery Suture Zone (PCSZ, bounded by Moyar-Bhavani Attur Lineament (MOBL in north & Palghat - Cauvery Lineament (PCL in South. G-4 stage investigation of dunite was taken up with an objective to delineate all the dunite bodies, to bring about their disposition and assess dunite resources. The dunite band under investigation occurs as a linear band between Ichchavari in west (Valasiramani West Block and Kalingapatti in east (Valasiramani East Block over a strike length of about 20 km with an average width of 60 m. The potential dunite bands were traced by drilling as segments 'A', 'B' and 'C'. 'A' starts from west of Valasiramani village & extends to south of Okkarakuttai. 'B' at Viralipatti outcrop and 'C' at Kavakarapatti area. Thirteen vertical boreholes (60 m depth with cumulative length of m were drilled in southern band of segments 'A' (8BH and 'B' (5BH. Serpentinised/ altered dunite occurs between m, followed by occurrence of fresh unaltered dunite. Analytical data of BH, VMW-1 and VMW-3 indicate that all the samples show MgO/SiO 2 > 1, which is suitable for flux in Iron & Steel industry. In BH, VIR-1, 4 bands of dunite with MgO/SiO 2 > 1 and width varying from 1-7 m are found to occur with intermittent pyroxnite bands. Based on MgO/SiO 2 ratio, it is observed that dunite band of segment 'A' is enriched with highmagnesium minerals compared to segment 'B'. The cut-off grade of dunite is determined based on specification given by IMYB (2011 for dunite & pyroxenite. The samples with more than 41.12% MgO were considered as Gr. I & samples with MgO ranging between 41.12% and 32.44% as Gr II. Resource estimation of dunite in Valasiramani west block will be carried out after receipt of complete analytical data (Contd.

7 Table - 3 (Contd. Agency/ Location Mapping Drilling Sampling Remarks Mineral/ Scale Area No. of Meterage Reserves/Resources estimated District (sq km boreholes Graphite Sivaganga Arasanur block G-3 stage reappraisal of graphite by drilling has been carried out in this block which is necessary to investigate the depth persistence of graphite mineralisation and to evaluate the graphite resources potential in this block. Pitting and trenching of 100 cu m were also carried out. Occurrence of graphite mineralisation at 60 m depth has been proved. About 700 core samples and 49 pit/trench samples were collected. A total of m of geophysical logging of all the boreholes except AGB-5, 8, 10 & 11 has been also carried out. All the boreholes except AGB-1 proved depth persistence of graphite mineralisation at 60 m & 30 m below ground level. Lignite Ramnathapuram Kalari(West sector Regional exploration has been carried out by drilling to establish the strike continuity of the regional lignite seams towards the south and east of the previously explored Tiyanur sector and east of Uttara-kosamangai sector. A total of 1, m has been drilled in Quaternary formation, 3, m in Cuddalore/Tittacheri Formation and m in Neyveli Formation. The investiga-tion has been closed. The study area is completely covered by recent alluvium. The thickness of these Quaternary sediments including alluvium ranged between m (TRKW-3 and m (TRKW- 14. Its thickness gradually increased towards the central and eastern parts of the exploration block. Maximum intersected thickness of the Cuddalore/ Tittacheri Formation is m (TRKW-13. Karali(North 1: Sector Regional exploration has been carried out by drilling to established the strike continuity of the regional lignite seams towards the south of the previously explored Bogalur east sector and east of Tiyanur sector. The study area is completely covered by recent alluvium. A total of m-thick and m-thick Quaternary sediments including alluvium were intersected in boreholes TRKN-3 and TRKN-2, respectively. Its thickness gradually increased towards the central and eastern parts of the exploration block. A total of m-thick and m-thick Cuddalore/Tittacheri sediments were intersected in boreholes TRKN-3 and TRKN-2, respectively. (Contd. 11-7

8 Table - 3 (Concld. Agency/ Location Mapping Drilling Sampling Remarks Mineral/ Scale Area No. of Meterage Reserves/Resources estimated District (sq km boreholes PGE Namakkal Tasampalaiyam 1: block (T 3 Sector Tasampalaiyam 1: Block (T 2 Sector G3 stage investigation was taken by drilling to know the depth persistence and estimation of resources. Drilling was carried out in this sector to intersect the PGE mineralised chromitite/chromiferous metapyroxenite bands. Closed spaced trenching and sampling also carried out to correlate the strike continuity of the PGE-mineralised bands/zones. During , second level drilling was continued in T3 sector and 10 second level boreholes were drilled. In totality, eleven second level boreholes with borehole spacing varying from 75 to 120 m were drilled. The boreholes have intersected number of chromite/chromiferous metapyroxenite bands with width of the individual bands varying from 0.20 m to 2.39 m. The grade and width of the chromite/chromiferous metapyroxenite bands show drastic variation from profile to profile. G2 stage investigation was taken up in T2 sector of Tasampalaiyam with an objective to assess the resources of PGE. The G2 exploration work involves close-spaced trenching at 25 m interval and first and second level drilling at 50 m spacing was carried out. The width and grade of PGE-mineralised zone also show drastic variation from profile to profile. In trench section the analytical results varies from 30 ppb to 3458 ppb and first and second level borehole section, the analytical result varies from ppm to ppm. Detaled petrographic and EPMA studies indicate that the PGM phases occur as submicroscopic inclusions of sulphides, arsenides and tellurides within the chrome-spinel and their size varies from 1m to 5 m. 11-8

9 Table 4 : Mineral Production in Tamil Nadu, to (Excluding Atomic Minerals (Value in ` ' (P Mineral Unit No. of Qty Value No. of Qty Value No. of Qty Value mines mines mines All Minerals Lignite '000t Natural Gas (utilised m c m Petroleum(crude '000t Bauxite t Ball Clay # t Clay (others # t Dunite* # t Felspar # t Fireclay # t Garnet (abrasive t Graphite (r.o.m. t Gypsum # t Limestone '000t Lime Kankar # t Limeshell t Magnesite t Marl** t Quartz # t Silica Sand # t Talc/soapstone/ steatite # t Vermiculite t Minor Minerals@ Note: The number of mines excludes petroleum (crude,natural gas (utilised and minor minerals. * Associated with magnesite. ** Associated with Figures for earlier years have been repeated as estimates, wherever necessary, because of non-receipt of data. # Declared as minor mineral vide Gazettee notification dated

10 Mineral-based Industry The present status of each mineral-based industry is not readily available. However, the important mineral-based industries in organised sector in the State are given in Table -5. Table 5 : Principal Mineral-based Industries in Tamil Nadu Table - 5 (Contd. Industry/plant Capacity ('000 tpy Ramco Cement (formerly Madras Cement, 3050 Alathiyur Works, Distt. Ariyalur. Ramco Cement (formerly Madras Cement, 3500 Ariyalur Plant, Govindpuram, Distt. Ariyalur. Industry/plant Abrasives Carborandum Universal Ltd, Chennai. Capacity ('000 tpy Ramco Cement (formerly Madras Cement, 600 Chengalpet Grinding Unit, Uthiramerur, Distt. Kanchipuram (G. Cutfast Abrasives Tools Pvt. Ltd, Chennai. Asbestos Products Hyderabad Industries Ltd, Kannigaiper. 100 Ramco Industries Ltd, Arakkonam, Distt. Vellore Ramco Cement (formerly Madras Cement, 1600 Valapady, Distt. Salem (G. Tamil Nadu Cements, Alangulam, 400 Distt. Virudhunagar. Southern Asbestos Cement Ltd, Arrakonam. Distt. Vellore Tamil Nadu Cements, Ariyalur, 500 Distt. Ariyalur. Tamil Nadu Asbestos, Alangulam, 28.5 Distt. Virudhunagar. Cement ACC Ltd, Madukkarai, Distt. Coimbatore Chettinad Cement Corpn. Ltd, Puliyar, 1700 Distt. Karur. Chettinad Cement Corpn. Ltd, Karikalli 4500 Distt. Dindigul. Chettinad Cement Corpn. Ltd, Ariyalur Dalmia Cements, Dalmiapuram, 4000 Distt. Tiruchirapalli. Dalmia Cements, Ariyalur India Cements Ltd, Sankarnagar, 2050 Distt. Tirunelveli. Zuari Cements Ltd, Chennai Grinding Unit, 1000 Attipattu, Tiruvallur (G. Ceramics Carborandum Universal Ltd, Hosur. Murugappa Morgan Thermal 5.44 Ceramics Ltd, Ranipet, Distt. Vellore. Neycer India Ltd, Vadalur, Distt. Cuddalore. 9.0 Roca Bathroom Product Pvt Ltd, Ranipet, 12.6 Distt. Erode. Roca Bathroom Product Pvt Ltd, Perundurai, 24 Distt. Vellore. India Cements Ltd, Sankari, Distt. Salem (G. 860 Spartek Ltd, Chennai. India Cements Ltd, Dalavoi, Distt. Perambalur India Cements Ltd, Vallur, Distt. Chennai (G Ultra-Tech Cement Ltd, Reddipalayam, 1400 Distt. Ariyalur. Ultra-Tech Cement Works (ARCW, 1100 Arakkonam (G. Ramco Cement (formerly Madras Cement, 2000 R.S. Raja Nagar, Distt. Virudhunagar. (Contd. Copper Smelter Sterlite Industries (I Ltd, 400 (Cu smelting Thoothukudi. 205 (Cu cathode 90 (wire rods 1050 (H 2 SO 4 Fertilizer Coimbatore Pioneer Fertilizer Ltd, 66 (SSP Muthugoundanpudur, Distt. Coimbatore. 30 (H 2 SO 4 3 (oleum (Contd

11 Table -5 (Contd. Table -5 (Concld. Industry/plant Capacity ('000 tpy Industry/plant Capacity ('000 tpy Coramandal International Ltd, (Formerly 132 (SSP EID Parry, Ranipet, Distt. N. Arcot. 33 (H 2 SO 4 Coramandal International Ltd, Ennore, Distt. Thiruvallur. Kothari Industrial Corp. Ltd, Ennore. Madras Fertilizer Ltd, Manali, Distt. Thiruvallur. 330 (Complex 66 (SSP (Urea 840 (NP/NPKs Greenstar Fertilizers Ltd, Guindy. 115 (SSP Greenstar Fertilizers Ltd (acquired (N phosphate div. of SPIC, Thoothukudi. 211 (P 2 O 5 Southern Petrochemical Industries Corpn. Ltd, Thoothukudi. Chemicals Tanfac Industries Ltd, Cuddalore. Tuticorin Alkali Chemicals & Fertilizers Ltd, Thoothukudi 620 (Urea 16.5 (anhydrous HF, 16.5 (AlF (H 2 SO 4 14 (Hydrofluoric acid 3.4 (speciality fluorides 115 (soda ash 105 (A/Cl Synthetic Rutile DCW Ltd, Sahupuram, Distt. Thoothukudi. 48 TiO 2 Pigment VVTi Pigments (P Ltd, (formerly, Kilburn 13 Chemicals Distt. Thoothukudi. Iron & Steel Salem Steel Plant (SAIL, Salem. JSW Steel Plant (acquired Southern Iron & Steel Co. Ltd, Salem. 180 (Crude/ Liquid steel 1180 (sinter 180 (pig iron 1000 (specialised alloy steel (Contd. Sponge Iron Akshara Industries Ltd, Eguvarpalayam, 60 Distt. Thiruvallur. Kaushik Steel Industries Ltd, Pappen Kuppam 60 Distt. Thiruvallur. Agni Steels Pvt Ltd, Olappalayam Road, 30 Ingur, Distt. Erode. Refractory ABREF Pvt. Ltd, Gummidipoondi, 1.3 Distt. Thiruvallur. Sharda Ceramics Pvt. Ltd, Ambattur, Chennai. 9.9 Shri Natraj Ceramic & Chemical Industries Ltd, 42 Dalmiapuram, Distt. Tiruchirapalli. VRW Refractories, Vanagaram Zirconium Complex, Pazhakayal, Thoothukudi. 0.5 (Zr-Oxide 0.25 (Zr sponge DBM & Calcined Magnesite SAIL Refractory Co. Ltd (formerly Burn 18 (calcined Standard Co. Ltd, Salem. magnesite 54 (DBM 48 (refractory Dalmia Magnesite Corpn., Chettichavadi Distt. Salem. Ramkrishna Magnesite Mines, Salem. Tamil Nadu Magnesite Ltd, Kurumbapatty, Distt. Salem. Sri Pon Kumar Magnesite Ltd, Salem. Silicon Carbide Carborandum Universal Ltd, Tiruvottiyur. 72 (DBM 3 (calcined 19.5(calcined magnesite 30(DBM 26.5 (DBM Petroleum Refinery CPCL, Manali, Dist. Thiruvallur CPCL, Narimanam (G: Grinding unit. Note: Data, not available for fertilizer and cement Industries on respective website, is taken from Indian Fertilizer Scenario, 2016/ FAI Statistics, and Survey of Cement Industry & Directory, 2016 respectively