PROCEEDINGS OF THE 48 th CCOP ANNUAL SESSION (PART I)

Transcription

1 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) PROCEEDINGS OF THE 48 th CCOP ANNUAL SESSION (PART I) 5-8 NOVEMBER 2012 LANGKAWI, MALAYSIA CCOP Technical Secretariat 75/10, CCOP Building, Rama VI Road Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: + 66 (0) Fax: + 66 (0) ccopts@ccop.or.th Homepage: / August 2013

2 CONTENTS ATTENDANCE AND ORGANIZATION 1 OPENING CEREMONY OF THE 47 th ANNUAL SESSION 2 ELECTION OF OFFICERS 2 AGENDA ITEM 1. Adoption of the Agenda 2 2. CCOP Progress Report 2 3. Member Countries Reports 3 4. Cooperating Countries and Organizations Reports 3 5. Proposed CCOP Workplan for Date & Venue of the 49 th CCOP Annual Session 4 7. Presentation of EAGER Award 4 8. Advisory Group Meeting 5 9. Thematic Session Report of the CCOP Advisory Group Meeting Other Matters Report on CCOP Member Country Network Tokens of Appreciation to Editors of the Book, Geological Museums in East and Southeast Asia General Remarks from Delegations Adoption of the Report 7 CLOSING CEREMONY 7 ANNEXES : ANNEX I : LIST OF PARTICIPANTS.9 ANNEX II : SPEECHES 20 ANNEX III : AGENDA 32 ANNEX IV : CCOP PROGRESS REPORT 33 i

3 ANNEX V : MEMBER COUNTRIES REPORTS 46 Country Report of CAMBODIA 47 Country Report of CHINA 55 Country Report of INDONESIA 76 Country Report of JAPAN 110 Country Report of THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA 138 Country Report of LAO PDR 168 Country Report of MALAYSIA 176 Country Report of PAPUA NEW GUINEA 192 Country Report of THE PHILIPPINES 209 Country Report of THAILAND 218 Country Report of VIETNAM 250 ANNEX VI : COOPERATING COUNTRIES AND ORGANIZATIONS REPORTS 269 Country Report of CANADA 270 Country Report of FINLAND 275 Country Report of GERMANY 281 Country Report of THE NETHERLANDS 287 Country Report of NORWAY 298 Country Report of UNITED KINGDOM 306 Organization Report of PETRAD 311 Organization Report of UKM 315 ANNEX VII : PROPOSED CCOP WORKPLAN ANNEX VIII : REPORT OF THE ADVISORY GROUP MEETING 325 ANNEX IX : REPORT ON CCOP MEMBER COUNTRY NETWORK 327 ii

4 REPORT OF THE 48 th CCOP ANNUAL SESSION 5-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia ATTENDANCE AND ORGANIZATION VENUE The 48 th Annual Session of the Coordinating Committee for Geoscience Programmes in East and Southeast Asia (CCOP) was held at the Holiday Villa Beach Resort & Spa in Langkawi, Malaysia on 5-8 November It was organized by the Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment and the Technical Secretariat of CCOP (CCOP TS) in cooperation with PETRONAS. ATTENDANCE The Session was attended by representatives of the following Member Countries: CAMBODIA, CHINA, INDONESIA, JAPAN, REPUBLIC OF KOREA, LAO PDR, MALAYSIA, PAPUA NEW GUINEA, PHILIPPINES, SINGAPORE, THAILAND, and VIETNAM. From the Cooperating Countries, CANADA, DENMARK, FINLAND, GERMANY, JAPAN, THE NETHERLANDS, NORWAY and UNITED KINGDOM were in attendance. From the Cooperating Organizations, PETRAD and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) attended the session. Also present at the Meeting were the Honorary Advisers of CCOP. The staff of CCOP TS and the Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia provided the necessary conference services. The List of Participants is appended in this report as ANNEX I. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 1 CCOP Technical Secretariat

5 OPENING CEREMONY OF THE 48 th ANNUAL SESSION The welcome address was delivered by the Permanent Representative of Malaysia to CCOP, and Director General, Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia, Dato Yunus Abdul Razak. Dr. R. Sukhyar, Chairman of the CCOP Steering Committee and Ms. Franca Schwarz, Vice-Chairman of the CCOP Advisory Group delivered special messages. The opening address was given by Honorable Tan Sri Datuk Sri Panglima Joseph Kurup, Deputy Minister of Natural Resources and Environment (NRE) Malaysia, on behalf of the NRE Minister, Honorable Dato Sri Douglas Uggah Embas. Also present at the Opening Ceremony were the Japanese Ambassador to Malaysia, H.E. Shigeru Nakamura, and the Vietnamese Ambassador to Malaysia, H.E. Nguyen Hong Thao. Their speeches are attached as ANNEX II. ELECTION OF OFFICERS Dato Yunus Abdul Razak, Head of the Delegation of Malaysia was elected Chairperson of the Session and Dr Eikichi Tsukuda, Head of the Delegation of Japan, was elected Vice-Chairperson. The Representatives from Vietnam (Dr. Nguyen Hong Minh) and Canada (Ms. Carmel Lowe) were elected as Rapporteurs. 1. ADOPTION OF THE AGENDA (documents CCOP-48AS/1-1, 1-2) AGENDA ITEMS III). The Provisional Agenda for the meeting was adopted without modification (ANNEX 2. CCOP PROGRESS REPORT (document CCOP-48AS/2-3) The Director of the CCOP TS summarized the Progress Report of CCOP (ANNEX IV) including organizational changes (personnel), the current financial position, technical activities and cooperation and support from Cooperating Countries and Organizations during the previous year. Simplicio P. Caluyong, Project Coordinator of CCOP-Norway EPPM Program presented the report of EPPM that highlights the technical activities conducted under the 3 Projects, its impact as reported by the national coordinators, and the outcome of review by the external consultant. He also reported on the new CCOP CO 2 Storage Mapping Program (CCS-M) that is planned to be implemented in 2013 and the extension of the P1 (Phase 2) cross - border case study that is waiting for the final approval of the Royal Norwegian Government. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 2 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

6 Per Blystad, Representative of Norway to CCOP, thanked CCOP TS, and in particular the Project Coordinator, Simplicio Caluyong, for the excellent management of the EPPM Program. Mr Blystad noted that without such excellent management, the Program would not have been so successful and so positively reviewed by the external consultant. The Representative of Denmark requested clarification of the slide showing the payment of the Member Countries Annual Contributions where it was shown that the contribution of Singapore was included. The CCOP TS Director replied that Singapore had just renewed its participation in CCOP activities since the 58 th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting in Nanjing, China, March 2012 and he would discuss with Singapore the matter of its annual cash contribution as a Member Country of CCOP. 3. MEMBER COUNTRIES REPORTS (documents CCOP-48AS/3-4 to 3-14) Member Countries had filed their written reports prior to the commencement of the Annual Session. The Member Countries reports are reproduced in full in ANNEX V. Under this agenda item Member Country delegations were asked for brief oral presentations of the highlights of their respective reports. JAPAN Additional verbal comments and questions on the verbal presentations are noted below: On the G-EVER Group Project, the delegation of PNG stated that it has also had its fair share of hazards such as volcanic eruptions and that they would be glad to participate and share knowledge and ideas. He further queried whether Japan extends its invitation to other Member Countries of CCOP to join the Group. The Representative of Japan replied that there is a plan to share the information from G-EVER with CCOP Member Countries in the future. 4. COOPERATING COUNTRIES AND ORGANIZATIONS REPORTS (documents CCOP-48AS/ to ) Written reports were filed prior to the meeting and are reproduced in ANNEX VI. Additional comments following verbal presentation are given below: CANADA Dr Anthony Reedman, Honorary Adviser of CCOP, congratulated Canada on a very interesting presentation and noted that no doubt many, if not all, the bilateral projects mentioned and their results would be of interest to a wide range of CCOP Member Countries. Although many technical papers have been published on the projects, this does not disseminate the scientific results broadly to CCOP MCs. The CCOP TS might approach Canada with proposals for dissemination through, say, a CCOP workshop for its members only. He noted that as CCOP is no longer entirely impoverished, it could invest in this area and the CCOP Member Countries directly involved in the Canadian collaborations might also be directly involved in widening dissemination to its fellow Member Countries. It is in matters such as this that CCOP could fulfill its primary role as a coordinating organization serving all its members. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 3 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

7 The Representative of Denmark agreed with the comments of Dr Reedman. He proposed that CCOP E-News could be a good start for disseminating the results obtained through the bilateral projects. He recommended CCOP TS to encourage the member countries that have bilateral projects to keep the TS informed of the results of these projects. He further asked the Representative of Canada to elaborate a bit more on the way their bilateral projects were funded. The CCOPTS Director replied that CCOP TS will include in its future plans dissemination seminars/workshops of existing bilateral projects. As suggested by Dr Reedman, CCOPTS will contact the Member Countries involved in bilateral projects, to help in the dissemination. The Representative of Canada informed the Session that dissemination to CCOP Member Countries is not currently in the scope of the reported projects but certainly could be considered for any future projects. This could present real opportunities for CCOP. The Chairperson, on behalf of the CCOP Member Countries, expressed his deep appreciation for the various activities reported by the Cooperating Countries and Cooperating Organizations. These activities not only help in building the capacities of the Member Countries but also further strengthen cooperation. 5. PROPOSED CCOP WORKPLAN FOR 2013 (document CCOP-48AS/5) The Director of CCOP TS presented the Work Plan for 2013 for the information of the Session (ANNEX VII). This workplan will be submitted for approval by the 59 th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting to be held right after the Annual Session. 6. DATE & VENUE OF THE 49 th CCOP ANNUAL SESSION The delegation of Japan updated the Session on its intention to host the 49 th CCOP Annual Session on October 2013 at Sendai International Center (SIC). 7. PRESENTATION OF EAGER AWARD The EAGER Grant for 2012 was awarded to Mr. Ahmad Farid Abu Bakar, a PhD student in the University of Malaya. The title of his research proposal is The transport and fate of selected acid mine ions in surface water and river sediment with regards to mining activities. Mr Ahmad expressed his deep appreciation to the EAGER Project sponsor, the CCOP Advisory Group as well as to the CCOP Technical Secretariat. The Session expressed appreciation to Dr Maurice Terman for his continuous support of this EAGER Grant for researchers in CCOP Member Countries. The grant was started in the year Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

8 8. ADVISORY GROUP MEETING The Advisory Group met in private session. 9. THEMATIC SESSION A thematic session was jointly organized by the Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia (JMG), Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), PETRONAS and CCOP on the topic Geoscience Innovations for Sustainable Development The Future We Want. Opening Speeches were given by Prof Dr He Qingcheng, CCOP TS Director, and Dato Yunus Abdul Razak, Permanent Representative of Malaysia to CCOP, JMG Director General. The Proceedings of the Thematic Session will be published separately. 10. REPORT OF THE CCOP ADVISORY GROUP MEETING Ms. Franca Schwarz, Vice-Chairman of the Advisory Group presented a summary report of the Advisory Group Meeting, the main points of which were included in a power point presentation (as shown in ANNEX VIII). The Session congratulated Franca Schwarz, Representative of Germany, and Ioannis Abatzis, Representative of Denmark as Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson of the CCOP Advisory Group respectively. 11. OTHER MATTERS Report on CCOP Member Country Network The Japanese Delegation informed the Session that at the 58 th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting in Nanjing in March 2012, it was decided that an network of the Member Countries be established in order to enhance communication and exchange of ideas among the Member Countries, and Geological Survey of Japan was tasked to act as a hub of this network (ANNEX IX) Tokens of Appreciation to Editors of the Book, Geological Museums in East and Southeast Asia The CCOP TS Director presented tokens of appreciations to Dr Anthony Reedman, Mr Chen Shick Pei, and Prof Shafeea Leman, editors of the Book, Geological Museums in East and Southeast Asia. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 5 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

9 12. GENERAL REMARKS FROM DELEGATIONS JAPAN (on behalf of the Member Countries) On behalf of the Member Countries, the delegation from Japan sincerely thanked the Government and people of Malaysia through its Department of Mineral and Geoscience, for successfully hosting the CCOP meetings in the beautiful Langkawi Geopark. The Malaysian hospitality is indeed overwhelming! Japan further reiterated the common belief that the social roles of Geological Surveys and other geoscience organizations are becoming increasingly important in the recent and coming years. Geological Surveys are now engaged in mitigating geohazards, managing natural resources, conserving the environment, disseminating geoscience knowledge to the public through GeoParks and Geological Museums, and contributing to the sustainable development of local society. The title of the thematic session Geoscience innovations for sustainable development was timely and meaningful that resulted to the sharing of useful knowledge among the CCOP member and cooperating countries. An expression of deep gratitude was also conveyed to Dato Yunus Abdul Razak, the Chair of the Annual Session, and Dr. R. Sukhyar, the Chair of the Steering Committee, for their leadership. Special thanks also went to Ms. Franca Schwarz, the Vice-Chair of the Advisory Group. Ms Schwarz was the central figure for one whole day before the Annual Session, chairing a special Advisory Group Meeting and facilitating the CCOP Select Finance Committee Meeting. Also recognized with profound appreciation are the painstaking efforts of all the staff of the CCOP Technical Secretariat, led by the Director Dr. He Qingcheng, for the very smooth management of the meetings and the side events. Jos de Sonneville, Honorary Advisor (The Netherlands) On behalf of the Cooperating Countries, Cooperating Organizations and Honorary Advisors, Dr de Sonneville made the general remarks with thanks to the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Malaysia, in cooperation with PETRONAS, for their generous sponsorship of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session and their choice of the beautiful Island of Langkawi as session location and to colleagues of the Minerals and Geoscience Department (JMG) under Director-General Dato Yunus Abdul Razak for making all the delegates feel very welcome and, together with the Technical Secretariat of CCOP, making everything run smoothly. He noted that for the last few days the achievements of the last two years were reviewed and all the delegates have participated in a valuable Thematic Session on Geoscience Innovations for Sustainable Development. He commented that this has shown once more the value of the work as an integral part of the solutions that are necessary to meet the challenges facing society today. He closed his remarks by stating that CCOP is operating in a fast-changing and fast developing East and Southeast Asia region experiencing changing models of both internal and external cooperation and investment opportunities. MALAYSIA The Delegation of Malaysia expressed their sincere gratitude to CCOP for trust and confidence in Malaysia to host the 48 th CCOP Annual Session. They conveyed apologies for all or any Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 6 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

10 shortcomings and inconveniences in the organizing and running of the Annual Session. As a host country, Malaysia sincerely thanked and appreciated the collaboration and support rendered by CCOP TS, Member Countries, Cooperating Countries and Cooperating Organizations and Honorary Advisors. Malaysia certainly hoped that all the delegates enjoyed the programme and that during their stay had experienced local flavours and culture of Langkawi, our geoheritage tropical paradise. Malaysia will be looking forward to see the delegates in Malaysia and Langkawi, for future CCOP programmes, or as guests of Malaysia. 13. ADOPTION OF THE REPORT The report was adopted, subject to minor corrections and editorial review. CLOSING CEREMONY The Chairperson then declared the 48 th CCOP Annual Session closed and looked forward to attending the 49 th CCOP Annual Session in Japan in Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 7 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

11 ANNEXES ANNEX I : LIST OF PARTICIPANTS ANNEX II : SPEECHES ANNEX III : AGENDA ANNEX IV : CCOP PROGRESS REPORT ANNEX V : MEMBER COUNTRIES REPORTS Country Report of CAMBODIA Country Report of CHINA Country Report of INDONESIA Country Report of JAPAN Country Report of THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA Country Report of LAO PDR Country Report of MALAYSIA Country Report of PAPUA NEW GUINEA Country Report of THE PHILIPPINES Country Report of THAILAND Country Report of VIETNAM ANNEX VI : COOPERATING COUNTRIES AND ORGANIZATIONS REPORTS Country Report of CANADA Country Report of FINLAND Country Report of THE NETHERLANDS Country Report of GERMANY Country Report of NORWAY Country Report of UNITED KINGDOM Organization Report of PETRAD Organization Report of UKM ANNEX VII : PROPOSED CCOP WORKPLAN 2013 ANNEX VIII : REPORT OF THE ADVISORY GROUP MEETING ANNEX IX : REPORT ON CCOP MEMBER COUNTRY NETWORK Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 8 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

12 ANNEX I 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) LIST OF PARTICIPANTS MEMBER COUNTRIES : CAMBODIA H.E. Dr. Men Den (Head of Delegation) Deputy Permanent Representative of Cambodia to CCOP Deputy Director General Cambodian National Petroleum Authority (CNPA) #13-14 Russian Federation Blvd., Sangkat Kakab, Khan Dangkor Phnom Penh, Cambodia Tel: (855-17) Fax: mendenep@gmail.com ; menden_ep@yahoo.com Mr. Lim Vatha Deputy Director of Upstream Division Cambodian National Petroleum Authority (CNPA) #13-14 Russian Federation Blvd., Sangkat Kakab, Khan Dangkor Phnom Penh, Cambodia Tel: ( ) Fax: (855-23) lvatha2010@yahoo.com Dr. Seng Cheaseth Assistant Cambodian National Petroleum Authority (CNPA) #13-14 Russian Federation Blvd., Sangkat Kakab, Khan Dangkor Phnom Penh, Cambodia Tel: (855-17) Fax: (855-23) cheaseth@outlook.com CHINA Mr. Jiang Shijin (Head of Delegation) Division Director Department of Science and Technology and International Cooperation China Geological Survey (CGS) 45 Fuwai Street, Xicheng District,Beijing People s Republic of China Tel: (86-10) Fax: (86-10) jshijin@mail.cgs.gov.cn Dr. Zhang Minghua Division Director, Geoinformation Development and Research Center China Geological Survey (CGS) 45 Fuwai Street, Xicheng District, Beijing People s Republic of China Tel: (86-10) Fax: (86-10) zminghua@mail.cgs.gov.cn Dr. Wang Yue Technology and Market Division Strategic Research Center of Oil & Gas Resources Ministry of Land and Resources (MLR) 17 Yang Rou Hutong, Xisi, Xicheng District Beijing People s Republic of China Tel: (86-10) Fax: (86-10) wangyue1667@163.com Mrs. Li Qing Department of International Affairs China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) Section C, CNPC Building 9 Dongzhimen North Street, Dongcheng District Beijing People s Republic of China Tel: (86-10) Fax: (86-10) lq_intl@cnpc.com.cn Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 9 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

13 Dr. Wu Yinye RIPED of PetroChina China National Petroleum Corporation 20 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District Beijing People s Republic of China Tel: (86-10) Fax: (86-10) wyy@petrochina.com.cn Dr. Qian Ji Vice President Exploration and Production Research Institute, SINOPEC 31 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing People s Republic of China Tel: qianji.syky@sinopec.com Mr. Zhou Qingfan Division Director E&P Research Institute, Sinopec 31 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing People s Republic of China Tel: (86-10) Fax: (86-10) zhouqf@sohu.com Dr. Wu Jianguang Vice President and Chief Engineer China United Coalbed Methane Corp., Ltd. A88 Anwai Ave., Dongcheng District, Beijing People s Republic of China Tel: Fax: wujg@chinacbm.com Dr. Zhang Shouren Department of Science and Technology China United Coalbed Methane Corp., Ltd. A88 Anwai Ave., Dongcheng District, Beijing People s Republic of China Tel: Fax: adamzsr@sohu.com Mr. Ji Hongquan Manager of Cooperation & Contract Block Exploration Dept., CNOOC Ltd. NO.25 Chaoyangmenbei Dajie, Dongcheng District, Beijing People s Republic of China Tel: Fax: jihq@cnooc.com.cn Mr. He Jiangqi Superintendent of Exploration Blocks & Licence Administration Exploration Dept., CNOOC Ltd. NO.25 Chaoyangmenbei Dajie, Dongcheng District, Beijing People s Republic of China Tel: Fax: hejq4@cnooc.com.cn Ms. Liu Cui Superintendent International Cooperation Dept., CNOOC NO.25 Chaoyangmenbei Dajie, Dongcheng District, Beijing People s Republic of China Tel: Fax: liucui@cnooc.com.cn Dr. Shi Yujin Deputy Division Director, Land Subsidence Shanghai Institute of Geological Survey 930 Lingshi Road, Shanghai People s Republic of China Tel: Fax: shiyujin1976@163.com INDONESIA Dr. R. Sukhyar Chairman, CCOP Steering Committee Permanent Representative of Indonesia to CCOP Head, Geological Agency Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) Jl. Jenderal Gatot Subroto Kav. 49, Jakarta Jl. Diponegoro No. 57, Bandung Indonesia Tel: (62-21) Fax: (62-21) sukhyar@bgl.esdm.go.id Mr. Calvin KK. Gurusinga, M.Sc (Head of Delegation) Head, Center for Geological Resources (CGR) Geological Agency Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) Jl. Diponegoro No. 57, Bandung Indonesia Tel: (62-22) Fax: (62-22) tupim_dim@yahoo.com Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 10 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

14 Mr. Dodid Murdohardono, M.Sc Head, Center for Groundwater Resources and Geological Environment (CWRGE) Geological Agency Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) Jl. Diponegoro No. 57, Bandung Indonesia Tel: (62-22) Fax: (62-22) Mrs. Sam Permana Dewi, Ir., M.Si. Head of Center for Geological Survey Geological Agency Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) Ji. Diponegoro No. 57 Bandung 40122, Indonesia Tel: (62-22) Fax: (62-22) ; Mr. Gede Suantika, MSI Head of Division of Earthqualke & Landside Mitigation Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation Geological Agency of Indonesia Ji. Diponegoro No. 57 Bandung 40122, Tel: (62-22) Fax: (62-22) Mr. Kasbani, M.Sc Head of Technical Support Divisaion Center for Geological Resources Geological Agency of Indonesia Jalan Soekarno Hatta 444 Bandung Tel: (62-22) Fax: (62-22) Mr. Dwi Nugroho Sunuhadi Chief, Minerals Functional Working Group Center for Geological Resources (CGR) Geological Agency Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) Jl. Soekarno-Hatta No. 444, Bandung Indonesia Tel: (62-22) Fax: (62-22) Mr. Asep Suryana Chief, Coal Functional Group Geological Agency Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) Jl. Diponegoro No. 57, Bandung Indonesia Tel: (62-22) Fax: (62-22) Mr. Wawan Irawan Head Sub Division of Landslide Mitigation Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation Ji. Diponegoro No. 57 Bandung 40122, Tel: (62-856) Fax: (62-22) Mr. Yunara Dasa Triana Landside Mitigation Staff Center for Volcanology and Hazard Mitigation Ji. Diponegoro No. 57 Bandung 40122, Indonesia Tel: (62-81) Fax: (62-22) yunaratriana@yahoo.com Mr. Kumala Hardjawidjaksana, M.Sc, Senior Researcher Marine Geology Institute (MGI) Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) Jl. Dr. Junjunan No. 236, Bandung Indonesia Tel: (62-22) Fax: (62-22) Mr. Hanang Samodra, Msi Senior Researcher Geological Agency Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) Jl. Diponegoro No. 57, Bandung Indonesia Tel: (62-22) Fax: (62-22) Mr. Jonathan Setyoko Hadimuljono Senior Petroleum Geologist PPPTMGB LEMIGAS Jl. Ciledug Raya Kav. 109 Cipulir Kebayoran Lama Jakatra Selatan Tel: ext Fax: joesetyo@yahoo.com Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 11 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

15 Mr. Agus Setyabudhi, M.Sc, Division Chief Cooperation and Affiliation Marine Geology Institute (MGI) Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) Jl. Dr. Junjunan No. 236, Bandung Indonesia Tel: (62-22) Fax: (62-22) Mr. Andy Hermanto Sianipar, MT Chief of Section Affiliation, MGI Marine Geological Institute Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) Jl. Dr. Junjunan No. 236, Bandung Jalan Dr. Junjunan 236 Bandung, Indonesia Tel: (62-22) Fax: (62-22) Mr. Muhammad Wafid A. Head of Enegineering Geology Division Center for Environmental Geology Geological Agency of Indonesia Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) Jl. Diponegoro No. 57, Bandung Indonesia Tel: (62-22) Fax: (62-22) Mr. Oki Oktariadi Researcher Center for Groundwater and Environmental Geology Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) Jl. Diponegoro 57 Bandung 40122, Indonesia Tel: (62-812) Mr. Ridwan Nyak Baik Energy Working Group, Directorate of Upstream PT. PETAMINA, Indonesia State Oil Company Jalan Medan Merdeka Timur No. 1A, Jakarta, Indonesia Tel: (62-21) Fax: (62-21) Mr. Jatmianto Jayeng Sugiantoro Researcher R&D Center for Oil and Gas Technology "LEMIGAS"Jln. Ciledug Raya Kav. 109 Ciledug Jakarta, Indonesia Tel: Fax: Mr. Dikdik Pribadi, M.Sc. Division Chief Cooperation and Program Geological Agency of Indonesia, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) Jl. Diponegoro 57 Bandung 40122, Indonesia Tel: (62-22) Fax: (62-22) Mr. Edi Purnomo Officer of Geological Agency Indonesia Secretariat Geological Agency of Indonesia, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) Jl. Diponegoro 57 Bandung 40122, Indonesia Tel: (62-22) Fax: (62-22) JAPAN Dr. Eikichi Tsukuda (Head of Delegation) Permanent Representative of Japan to CCOP Director-General Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) AIST Tsukuba Central 7, Higashi, Tsukuba Ibaraki, , Japan Tel: (81-29) Fax: (81-29) Dr. Yusaku Yano Deputy Director-General Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) AIST Tsukuba Central 7, Higashi, Tsukuba Ibaraki, , Japan Tel: (81-29) Fax: (81-29) Dr. Hirokazu Kato AIST Fellow Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) AIST Tsukuba Central 7, Higashi, Tsukuba Ibaraki, , Japan Tel: (81-29) Fax: (81-29) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 12 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

16 Dr. Toshihiro Uchida Director of International Office Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) AIST Tsukuba Central 7, Higashi, Tsukuba Ibaraki, , Japan Tel: (81-29) Fax: (81-29) Dr. Toru Tamura Deputy Director of International Office Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) AIST Tsukuba Central 7, Higashi, Tsukuba Ibaraki, , Japan Tel: (81-29) Fax: (81-29) Dr. Yasukuni Okubo Senior Researcher Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) AIST Tsukuba Central 7, Higashi, Tsukuba Ibaraki, , Japan Tel: (81-29) Fax: (81-29) Dr. Yoshiki Saito Prime Senior Researcher Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) AIST Tsukuba Central 7, Higashi, Tsukuba Ibaraki, , Japan Tel: (81-29) Fax: (81-29) Dr. Joel Bandibas Researcher Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) AIST Tsukuba Central 7, Higashi, Tsukuba Ibaraki, , Japan Tel: (81-80) Fax: (81-29) Dr. Shinji Tsukawaki Professor Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa Japan Tel: (81-76) Fax: (81-76) KOREA Dr. Hyo Sook Lee (Head of Delegation) Permanent Representative of Korea to CCOP President Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) 92 Gwahang-no, Yuseong-gu Daejeon , Republic of Korea Tel: (82-42) Fax: (82-42) Dr. Yong Je Kim Executive Director, International Cooperation Division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) 92 Gwahang-no, Yuseong-gu Daejeon , Republic of Korea Tel: (82-42) Fax: (82-42) Dr. Dae-In Kim Senior Administrator International Cooperation Division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) 92 Gwahang-no, Yuseong-gu Daejeon , Republic of Korea Tel: (82-42) Fax: (82-42) Dr. Kyoochul Ha Director/Senior Researcher Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources 124 Gwahang-no, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon , Korea Tel: Fax: Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 13 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

17 Dr. Jeong Chan Kim Leader/Principal Researcher Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) 92 Gwahang-no, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, , Korea Tel: Fax: LAO PDR Mr. Khampha Phommakaysone (Head of Delegation) Permanent Representative of Lao PDR to CCOP Deputy Director General Department of Geology and Minerals Department of Geology (DGEO) Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Khounboulom Road, Vientiane Tel: (856-21) Fax: (856-21) Mr. Inpong Homsombath Deputy Director of Geo-Information Division Department of Geology (DGEO) Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Khounboulom Road, Vientiane Lao PDR Tel: (856-21) Fax: (856-21) MALAYSIA Dato Yunus Abdul Razak (Head of Delegation) Permanent Representative of Malaysia to CCOP Director General Minerals and Geoscience Department 20 th Floor, Tabung Haji Building Jalan Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Tel: (60-3) Fax: (60-3) Mr. Mohammed Hatta Abd Karim Deputy Director General (Operation) Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia Headqarters, 20 th floor, Bangunan Tabung Haji, Janlan Tun Razak, 50658, Kuala Lumpur Tel: (60-3) Fax: (60-3) Mr. Zakaria Hussain Director Jabatan Mineral Dan Geosains Malaysia Floor Bgn Tabung Haji Jalan Tun Razak Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Tel: (60-3) Fax: (60-3) Mr. Mior Sallehhuddin Mior Jadid Director, Technical Services Division Technical Services Division, Jalan Sultan Azlan Shah, P.O. Box 1015, Ipoh Perak Malaysia Tel: (60-5) Fax: (60-5) Dato Zulkifly Abu Bakar Director Minerals Research Center Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia Jalan Sultan Azlan Shah, Ipoh Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia Tel: (60-5) Fax: (60-5) Mr. Wahid Abdul Rahman Director Jabatan Mineral Dan Geosains Malaysia Floor Bangnnan Tabung Haji Jalan Tun Razak Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Tel: (60-3) Fax: (60-3) Mr. Ling Nan Lay Jabatan Mineral Dan Geosains Malaysia Floor Bgn Tabung Haji Jalan Tun Razak Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Tel: (60-3) Fax: (60-3) Mr. Azimuddin Bahari Under Cecretary Mineral and Geoscience Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Wisma Sumber Asli No. 25 Persiaran Perdana Present 4, Malaysia Tel: (60-3) Fax: (60-3) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 14 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

18 Mr. Idris Ibrahim Senior General Manager Petroleum Resource Exploration PETRONAS Level 22, Tower 1, Petronas Twin Towers Kuala Lumpur City Centre, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Tel: (60-3) Fax: (60-3) Dr. Mohd Suhaili Bin Ismail Deputy Director Mineral Resource Unit Jabatan Mineral Dan Geosains SABAH, JLN Penampang Beg Berkunci KK., Malaysia Tel: (60-8) Fax: (60-8) Mr. Joanes Muda Minerals and Geoscience Department SARAWAK Jabatan Mineral Dan Geosains Jalan Abdul Rahman, Kenyalang Park Kuching, Malaysia Tel: (60-8) Fax: (60-8) Mr. Mohamad Abd Manap Minerals and Geoscience Department Jabatan Mineral Dan Geosains Tingkat 19, Bangunan Tabung Haji Jalan Tun Razak 50658, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Tel: (60-3) Fax: (60-3) Mr. Mohd Razali Che Kob Principal Geoscientist PETRONAS Level 16, Tower 1, Petronas Twin Towers, Kuala Lumpur City Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Tel: (60-3) Fax: (60-3) Ms. Wong Yien Lim Geologist Sarawak Energy Berhad Lot 231 Westwood, Jln. Tabuan Kuching, Sarawak Malaysia Tel: (016) PAPUA NEW GUINEA Mr. John Arumba (Head of Delegation) Acting Deputy Secretary Department Mineral Policy and Geohazards Management PMB, POM Post Office Papua New Guinea Tel: (675) Fax: (675) Mr. Leonard Cecil Cranfield Executive Manager Geological Survey Division Mineral Resources Authority (MRA) Mining Haus, Poreporana Highway P.O. Box 1906, Port Moresby 121 National Capital District Papua New Guinea Tel: (675) Fax: (675) THE PHILIPPINES Dr. Elmer Billedo (Head of Delegation) Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) North Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City Republic of The Philippines Tel: (63-2) Fax: (63-2) SINGAPORE Mr. Rubin Charles (Head of Delegation) Permanent Representative of Singapore to CCOP Head of Division Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue, N2-01c-38 Singapore Tel: (65) Fax: (65) Ms. Malinda Kent-Corson Undergraduate Programme Coordinator Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue, N2-01c-38 Singapore Tel: (65) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 15 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

19 THAILAND Mr. Phitak Ratanajaruraks (Head of Delegation) Department Inspector Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment 75/10 Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) Fax: +66 (0) Dr. Adichat Surinkum Director of Bureau of Mineral Resources Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment 75/10 Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) Fax: +66 (0) Dr. Dhiti Tulyatid Director, International Cooperation Division GP&P Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment 75/10 Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) Fax: +66 (0) ; Mrs. Sukanjanawadee Maneeratana Director Division of Coastal Land Management Department of Marine and Coastal Resources The Government Complex Commemorating His Majesty Building B,120 Moo 3 Chaengwattana Road Toongsonghong, Laksi Bangkok 10210, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) Fax: +66 (0) sukan@dmcr.go.th Ms. Siriporn Soongpankhao Geologist Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment 75/10 Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) Fax: +66 (0) siriporn@dmr.mail.go.th Mr. Sitthisak Manyou Geologist Senior Professional Level Department of Groundwater Resources 26/83 Soi Thanpuyin Pahon, Ngamwongvan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak. Bangkok 10900, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) AUI2099@hotmail.com Ms. Alin Shintraruck Plan and Policy Analyst Department of Groundwater Resources 26/83 Soi Thanpuyin Pahon, Ngamwongvan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak. Bangkok 10900, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) alin_nuk@hotmail.com Mr. Adisai Charuratna Groundwater Expert Level Department of Groundwater Resources 26/83 Soi Thanpuyin Pahon, Ngamwongvan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak. Bangkok 10900, Thailand Tel: +66 (81) adisai@dgr.go.th Ms. Patchara Sangoen Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment 75/10 Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) Fax: +66 (0) patchara@dmr.mail.go.th Dr. Wanida Chantong Geologist Department of Mineral Fuels (DMF) Ministry of Energy 555/2, 22nd Fl, Energy Complex Building B,Viphavadi Rangsit Rd., Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand Tel: (662) ; Fax: (662) wanida.c@dmf.go.th Ms. Chatchawan Gladnaka Senior Geologist Department of Mineral Fuels (DMF) Ministry of Energy 555/2, 22nd Fl, Energy Complex Building B,Viphavadi Rangsit Rd., Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand Tel: (662) ; Fax: (662) chatchawan@dmf.go.th TIMOR-LESTE - Not in attendance Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 16 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

20 VIETNAM Dr. Nguyen Quang Hung (Head of Delegation) Deputy Director General General Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam, MONRE No. 6, Pham Ngu Lao Street, Hanoi Socialist Republic of Vietnam Tel: (84-9) Fax: (84-4) Mr. Bui Cong Que Professor, Senior Researcher Institute of Geophysics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Building A8-18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Caugiay, Hanoi Socialist Republic of Vietnam Tel: (84-4) Fax: (84-4) Mr. Do Manh Tuan Official Department for Sectoral Economic Affairs of Government Office of Vietnam No. 1 Bach Thao, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi Socialist Republic of Vietnam Tel: (84-0) Fax: (84-4) domanhtuan@chinhphu.vn Mr. Quang Thanh Le Official Ministry of Science and Technolgy of Vietnam 113, Tran Duy Hung, Hanoi, Vietnam Tel: (84-9) Fax: lqthanh@most.gov.vn Dr. Nguyen Hong Minh Deputy General Director Vietnam Petroleum Institute VPI Tower, 173 Trung Kinh, Yen Hoa, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam Tel: (84-3) Fax: (84-3) nguyenhongminh@vpi.pvn.vn Ms. Thi Thanh Ha Nguyen Director General Department of International Law and Treaties Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Vietnam 298C Kim Ma, Ba Dinh, Hanoi, Vietnam Tel: (84-3) # 108 Fax: (84-3) thanhhalaw@yahoo.com Mr. Ngo Van Hung Senior Official Vietnam Oil and Gas Group PETROVIETNAM No. 18, Lang Ha Street, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi, Vietnam Tel: (84-4) Fax: (84-4) hungnv02@pvn.vn Mr. Pham Van Huy Deputy General Manager, Science & Tech. Division Vietnam Oil and Gas Group PETROVIETNAM 18, Lang Ha Street, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi, Vietnam Tel: (84-9) Fax: (84-4) huypv@pvn.vn Ms. Tran Thuy Dung Official General Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam, MONRE No. 6, Pham Ngu Lao Street, Hanoi Socialist Republic of Vietnam Tel: (84-9) Fax: (84-4) thuydung1979@gmail.com COOPERATING COUNTRIES : CANADA Ms. Carmel Lowe (Head of Delegation) Director Geological Survey of Canada Natural Resources Canada P.O. Box West Saanich Road Sidney, BC, V8L 4B2 Canada Tel: (1-250) Fax: (1-250) clowe@nrcan.gc.ca DENMARK Mr. Ioannis Abatzis (Head of Delegation) Chief Geoscientific Advisor GEUS, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K Denmark Tel: (45) Fax: (45) ia@geus.dk Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 17 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

21 FINLAND Prof. Dr. Elias Ekdahl (Head of Delegation) Director General Geological Survey of Finland (GTK) P.O. Box 96, FI Espoo Finland Tel: (358-20) Fax: (358-20) Mr. Esko Korkiakoski, Ph.D. Project Manager/Senior Specialist Geological Survey of Finland - GTK B.O. Box Kuopio, Finland Tel: Fax: esko.korkiakoski@gtk.fi GERMANY Ms. Franca Schwarz (Head of Delegation) Head of Sub-Department International Cooperation Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) Geozentrum Hannover Stilleweg 2, D Hannover Germany Tel: (49-511) Fax: (49-511) franca.schwarz@bgr.de JAPAN (see Member Country) THE NETHERLANDS Dr. Rien A.C. Dam (Head of Delegation) Representative of the Netherlands to CCOP Manager, International Cooperation Deltares P.O. Box 85467, 3508 AL Utrecht The Netherlands Tel: (31-6) Fax: (31-88) rien.dam@deltares.nl NORWAY Mr. Per Blystad (Head of Delegation) Representative of Norway to CCOP Senior Geologist Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (NPD) Prof. Olav Hanssens vei 10 P.O. Box 600, NO-4003 Stavanger Norway Tel: (47-51) Fax: (47-51) per.blystad@npd.no UNITED KINGDOM Mr. Mike Patterson (Head of Delegation) Chief Operating Officer British Geological Survey Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG UK Tel: (44) mpa@bgs.sc.uk COOPERATING ORGANIZATIONS : PETRAD Dr. Øystein Berg (Head of Delegation) Managing Director, Petroleum Management and Administration (PETRAD) Prof. Olav Hanssensv. 10 P.O. Box 600, N-4003 STAVANGER, Norway Tel: (47-48) Fax: (47-51) ob@petrad.no SEADPRI-UKM Mr. Chen Shick Pei (Head of Delegation) CCOP Honorary Advisor No 1617 Jalan Urat Mata, Lorong 3, Kuching 93350, Sarawak, Malaysia Tel: spche.kch@gmail.com Mr. Choun-Sian Lim Research Officer Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Institute Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (SEADPRI-UKM) UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia Tel: (60-3) Fax: (60-3) chounsian@gmail.com Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 18 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

22 Prof. Dr. Mohd Shafeea Leman Professor Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Institute Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (SEADPRI-UKM) UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia Tel: (60-3) Fax: (60-3) Ms. Jaana Jarva Geologist Geological Survey of Finland (GTK) c/o Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (SEADPRI-UKM) UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia Tel: (60-3) Fax: (60-3) HONORARY ADVISERS : Dr. Yoshihiko Shimazaki Counselor Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 2-36 Nishiazabu 3 Chome, Minato-ku Tokyo , Japan Tel: (81-3) Fax: (81-3) shim-y@giga.ocn.ne.jp Mr. Jos De Soneville MSc PHD Senior Advisor Waterwys Syzenlaan 44, 2566 WJ The Hague The Netherlands Tel: ( Fax: josdesonneville@waterwys.nl CCOP TECHNICAL SECRETARIAT : Prof. Dr. He Qingcheng Director heqc@ccop.or.th Dr Nguyen Thi Minh Ngoc Regional Expert ngocnguyen@ccop.or.th Mr. Niran Chaimanee Consultant niranch@ccop.or.th Mr. Simplicio P. Caluyong EPPM Program Coordinator sim@ccop.or.th Mrs. Marivic Pulvera Uzarraga Manager, Project Operation and Information marivic@ccop.or.th Ms. Sansanee Wudhiwanich Finance and Administration Manager yui@ccop.or.th Ms. Piriya Boonsit Assistant, Project Operation and Information piriya@ccop.or.th Ms. Suntaree Rattanasrisophon Accountant/Assistant, Finance and Administration soon@ccop.or.th CCOP Technical Secretariat CCOP Building 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) Fax: +66 (0) ccopts@ccop.or.th Website: Dr. Antony Reedman Honorary Adviser to CCOP 15 Malvern Road, Mapperley Nottingham, NG3 5GZ United Kingdom Tel: (44-115) Fax: (44-115) antony@areedman.wanadoo.co.uk Dr. Hee Young Chun Professor Korea National University of Education Treefull City, Sangdaedong, Yuseonggu, Daejeon, Korea Tel: (010) chunhyoung@naver.com Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 19 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

23 ANNEX II WELCOME ADDRESS by Dato Yunus Abdul Razak Permanent Representative of Malaysia to CCOP At the Opening Ceremony of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session and 59 th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting Holiday Villa, Langkawi, Malaysia, 5 th November 2012 HIS EXCELLENCY DEPUTY MINISTER FOR THE MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT MALAYSIA, TAN SRI DATUK SERI PANGLIMA JOSEPH KURUP, CHAIRMAN FOR CCOP STEERING COMMITTEE, DR. R. SUKHYAR, WHO IS ALSO PERMANENT REPRESENTATIVE OF INDONESIA TO CCOP, VICE CHAIR FOR CCOP ADVISORY GROUP AND HEAD OF DELEGATION FOR GERMANY, DR FRANCA SCHWARZ, DIRECTOR FOR CCOP TECHNICAL SECRETARIAT, DR HE QINGCHENG Excellencies, eminent guests, distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen, It gives me great pleasure and honor this morning to have the opportunity to deliver this welcoming address at the opening ceremony of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session and the 59 th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting, hosted by Malaysia. On behalf of the Government and people of Malaysia, I wish to extend a very warm welcome to distinguished delegates with our traditional greetings Selamat Datang and Salam Sejahtera. We sincerely hope that all of you will have a pleasant stay in Malaysia, particularly in this legendary island of Langkawi. For the benefit of our eminent guests to this opening ceremony, please allow me to say in brief about CCOP. CCOP is an acronym for The Coordinating Committee for Geoscience Programmes in East and Southeast Asia. It is an intergovernmental organization whose mission is to facilitate and coordinate the implementation of applied geoscience programs in the said Region in order to contribute to economic development and the improvement of the quality of life. Member Countries which constitute CCOP are Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste, and Vietnam. There are also 15 number of Cooperating Countries and 13 cooperating organizations. The Cooperating Countries and Cooperating Organizations together with the Technical Secretariat located in Bangkok, initiate programs related to capacity building, technology transfer, exchange of information and organizational linkages for sustainable Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 20 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

24 resource development, management of geo-information, geo-hazard mitigation and protection of the environment. We are indeed delighted to be given this opportunity to host this meeting for the third time here in Malaysia. I therefore take this opportunity to thank distinguished delegates for giving us the honor of hosting this meeting. I also would like to take this opportunity to congratulate the secretariat, both the local secretariat and CCOP Technical Secretariat, for their commendable effort in making this occasion to happen in Malaysia. I have no doubt that this meeting of distinguished delegates will be of great benefit to all of us, that will further strengthen the ties between CCOP member countries and CCOP cooperating countries as well as enhancing various cooperation in minerals and geosciences activities with due consideration for sustainable resource and environmental management. Excellency s, eminent guests, distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen, The Annual Session has attracted more than 130 participants from member countries, cooperating countries and cooperating organizations. This year s Thematic Session titled Geoscience Innovations for Sustainable Development: The Future We Want, appropriately portrays the role of CCOP in promoting geosciences contributions for a sustainable future. During the Thematic Session we will hear 16 oral presentations, and two key-note papers. I am sure the paper presentations will meet the Thematic Session objectives to showcase geosciences innovations in attaining a green economy. I am sure that the selected topics will provide us with a wealth of information and many opportunities for discussions. In conjunction with the CCOP Meetings, there will be two Workshops namely Expert Meeting on Land Subsidence in Coastal Mega Cities and Natural Hazards and Climate Change Adaptation which will proceed concurrently with the 59 th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting. I would like to take this opportunity to express my appreciation and thankfulness to the Netherlands especially DELTARES for the initiative taken on Expert Meeting on Land Subsidence. Special thanks also go to University Kebangsaan Malaysia, commonly known as UKM and GTK of Finland for the initiative to materialize the special Workshop on Geohazards. The meeting events are important not only for what is presented in the formal technical sessions, but also for what takes place in the informal gatherings, side meetings, and personal encounters. Excellency s, eminent guests, distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen, Let me conclude my brief remarks by thanking all those presence here for their sincere effort and contributions in the preparation of this significant and important event. Special thanks are accorded to contributors as well as the cooperating organizations who have offered their help in one way or another. We also appreciate the CCOP Technical Secretariat for facilitating us in the preparation of the Meetings programs and related matters. Last but not least, I would like to express my gratitude and heartfelt thanks to all those who have worked so hard in the preparation of these meetings, which I am certain, will be a great success. In closing, once again, I warmly welcome all distinguished delegates to Malaysia and earnestly hope that you will find your visit and stay here in Langkawi interesting, enjoyable and beneficial. I look forward to a week of exciting interchange of ideas and experience. Thank you. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 21 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

25 SPECIAL MESSAGE by Dr. R. Sukhyar Chairperson, CCOP Steering Committee Permanent Representative of Indonesia to CCOP At the Opening Ceremony of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session and 59 th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting Holiday Villa, Langkawi, Malaysia, 5 th November 2012 YANG BERHORMAT TAN SRI DATUK SERI PANGLIMA JOSEPH KURUP, DEPUTY MINISTER OF THE MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT MALAYSIA EXCELLENCIES AMBASSADORS YANG BERBAHAGIA DATO YUNUS ABDUL RAZAK, DIRECTOR GENERAL, MINERALS AND GEOSCIENCE DEPARTMENT MALAYSIA AND PERMANENT REPRESENTATIVE OF MALAYSIA TO CCOP DR. MS. FRANCA SCHWARZ, CHAIRMAN FOR CCOP ADVISORY GROUP DR. HE QINGCHENG, DIRECTOR, CCOP, TECHNICAL SECRETARIAT HEAD OF DELEGATIONS OF THE MEMBER COUNTRIES DISTINGUISHED GUESTS AND DELEGATES LADIES AND GENTLEMEN Assalamualaikum WW Peace be upon us, Good morning As Chairman of Steering Committee, it is a great honor to deliver a speech in this event. Allow me to extend warm welcome to all participants in this 48th CCOP Annual Session in this beautiful Langkawi. On behalf of CCOP Family I would like to thank the Government of Malaysia in supporting and hosting this event and also the 59 th Steering Committee Meeting next 9-10 November 2012, because of the courage of the Minister of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia this meeting can happen today. As you may recall that we missed the CCOP Annual Session last year due to the flood covering part of Thailand. Today we now assemble here with the same spirit of upholding strong cooperation among us in enhancing application of geoscience for the benefit of economic and social welfare of the people in CCOP member countries. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 22 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

26 Excellency s, Ladies and Gentlemen, Recently the world is facing global financial crisis, of which the effect is still felt until now. Economic growth in many industrial countries is slowing down; causing reduction of exports from developing countries to the industrial countries. Besides, China which is an energy consuming country also reduces its energy demand and raw material of its industries. Decreases of energy demand such as coal also causes the price of coal declines. At the same time mining commodity also declines, this situation urges mineral rich countries have to be more efficient in running the mining operation and also more efficient in utilizing gains from this non-renewable resources. The impact of global financial crisis is also reflected by declining support from cooperating countries and cooperating organisations to CCOP especially in the form of long term projects. Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, ASEAN and East Asia are the most dynamic regions and show prominent economic growth in the last 10 years. This remarkable growth brings consequence, namely need of enormous energy and clean water, in many parts conversion of land use due to industry and urbanisation has dramatically increase and massively taken place. Land conversion also takes place in geological hazardous areas, making more difficult in disaster risk reduction efforts. All these lead to environmental and humanitarian problems. The implication of growing economy is that continuous efforts to explore and to find energy sources are a must. Research and exploration on renewable energy sources and non-conventional fossil energy should be carried out continually and cooperatively. Better ground water management is essential, through conservation and prudent water utilisation. Disaster risk reductions from geological are done through improved technology and methodology. Exellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen Climate change is the other important issue that should be addressed persistently. There is growing evidence of links between climate change and sea level rise, heat waves, droughts and rainfalls. Report by the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) suggests that the intensity of tropical cyclone will increase as a result of warmer waters. In regard to Hurricane Sandy just hit east coast of US, it is said that sea temperature of US norhteast coast are about five degrees Fahrenheit above average. Moreover, sea levels along the coast are rising up to four times faster than global average, making the region is more vulnerable storm surges and floods and massive landslides triggered by high rainfalls. For East Asia and South Asian countries the natural threads are clear, such as like storms and also geological hazards, such as earthquakes, volcanoes and land slide. What we can do then? The world needs more cooperation, collaboration among governments, private sectors, academia, and international organisations to improve understanding on natural Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 23 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

27 phenomena, monitoring, predicting or forecasting the phenomena. This is also that CCOP should do in the coming years, sharing knowledge and experience among member countries and cooperating countries and organisation is essential, people have to have better awareness and preparedness for disasters, capacity building is a necessity, as one of the prime mission of CCOP. Geoscientists should also open to public and government of what they know and what they do not know yet. That is the meeting we have right now is about. Through the 48 th Annual Session Meeting we share knowledge and experience so the aforesaid problems can be deliberately solved for the benefit of CCOP Member countries. Excellencies, Ladies, and Gentlemen Finally, I personally and on behalf of the Member Countries of CCOP wish a successful and fruitful 48 th CCOP Annual Session and enjoy staying here in the very enchanting place of Langkawi. Thank you very much and May God blesses us forever. Wassalamualikum wr wb, Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 24 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

28 SPECIAL MESSAGE by Franca Schwarz Chairperson, CCOP Advisory Group At the Opening Ceremony of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session and 59 th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting Holiday Villa, Langkawi, Malaysia, 5 th November 2012 Yang Berhormat Tan Sri Datuk Seri Panglima Joseph Kurup, Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia His Excellency Mr. Shigeru Nakamura, Ambassador of Japan to Malaysia His Excellency Mr. Nguyen Hong Thao Duta, Ambassador Of The Socialist Republic Of Vietnam To Malaysia Yang Berbahagia. Dato Yunus Abdul Razak, Director General, Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia and Permanent Representative of Malaysia to CCOP Dr. R. Sukhyar, Chairman for the CCOP Steering Committee, Head of the Geological Agency of Indonesia and Permanent Representative of Indonesia to CCOP Dr. He Qingcheng, Director, CCOP Technical Secretariat Distinguished Guests and Delegates Ladies and Gentlemen On the occasion of the Opening Ceremony of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session, I am very pleased to deliver a special message on behalf of the Advisory Group. As Vice-Chairperson of the Advisory Group I have the honor to represent 15 Cooperating Countries and Cooperating Organizations, as well as Honorary Advisors from several different countries. First it is my pleasure to thank the Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia, Yang Berhormat Tan Sri Datuk Seri Panglima Joseph Kurup, for taking the time from his busy schedule, and gracing us with his presence here today. As well as the Ambassador of Japan to Malaysia, His Excellency Mr. Shigeru Nakamura, and the Ambassador of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam to Malaysia, His Excellency Mr. Nguyen Hong Thao Duta. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 25 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

29 The Advisory Group very much appreciates Malaysia for their generous sponsorship of the annual meeting, and especially the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia for the welcome that has been prepared. For many of us this is our first visit to the beautiful coastal city of Langkawi but not the first to Malaysia. Several of us were fortunate to attend meetings about geosciences in different cities of Malaysia and we are most grateful to our colleagues in the Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia for their warm welcome, especially Yang Berbahagia. Dato Yunus Abdul Razak, Director General. During our Annual Meeting we will have many important things to consider, including a review of the many activities and achievements that have been made by the Coordinating Committee for Geoscience Programmes in East and Southeast Asia (CCOP) during the past two years. On behalf of the Advisory Group I would therefore like to congratulate Dr. R. Sukhyar, Chairman of the CCOP Steering Committee, and Dr. He Qincheng, Director of the CCOP Technical Secretariat for all the efforts and thoughtful actions that were realized during the last time. Most probably we do not need to remind ourselves that the past two years have again proved the importance of the need for geosciences to satisfy basic human needs and as a corner stone for economic development, poverty reduction and good governance. Therefore it is just sequentially that the Steering Committee has chosen to focus on this topic at the Thematic Session on the theme Geoscience Innovations for Sustainable Development. As Geoscientists we know that georesources such as mineral resources, energy resources, water and soil are crucial parts of the livelihood of present and future generations. Overexploitation or the improper use of these resources in many countries are not only responsible for inadequate access to these resources by the poorest sections of the community but also for shortages in overall supply and therefore a cause of many social and environmental problems. Due to this crucial theme there is no doubt that we can look forward to important presentations and discussions about this subject. I am certain that the Coordinating Committee for Geoscience Programmes in East and Southeast Asia (CCOP) has an important role to play in such issues. CCOP s ability to consider such complex issues has always derived from the willingness of the Member Countries and Cooperating Countries to work together, and be very successful across national and cultural boundaries. This unique CCOP cooperation has been based upon the conviction that improved geoscience knowledge and education are key to a safer and better world. CCOP projects have had a demonstrable impact, in technology transfer, and personnel training. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 26 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

30 The Advisory Group stands ready to support and it is gratifying to meet so many friends, who have traveled far, gathered together in the beautiful country of Malaysia. Once again, on behalf of the Advisory Group, I sincerely thank the Government of Malaysia for hosting the 48 th CCOP Annual Meeting. We are most grateful to the Malaysian people and our Malaysian colleagues for their warm welcome and hospitality. Please allow me to close this special message with the very beautiful motto of Malaysia Bersekutu Bertambah Mutu : Unity is Strength. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 27 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

31 OPENING ADDRESS by YB Dato Sri Douglas Uggah Embas Minister of Natural Resources and Environment, Malaysia At the Opening Ceremony of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session and 59 th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting Holiday Villa, Langkawi, Malaysia, 5 th November 2012 Dato Yunus Abd Razak, Director General, Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia and Permanent Representative of Malaysia to CCOP; Dr. R. Sukhyar, Chairman for CCOP Steering Committee, Head for Geological Agency of Indonesia and Permanent Representative of Indonesia to CCOP; Dr. David Prior, Chairman for CCOP Advisory Group; Dr. He Qingcheng, Director, CCOP Technical Secretariat; Distinguished Delegates; Ladies and Gentlemen; A very good morning to all of you. It is indeed a great pleasure and privilege for me to extend our warmest welcome to all the delegates who come from all over the world to Malaysia. I would also like to extend my warm welcome to all of you to this 48th Annual Session and 59th Steering Committee of the Coordinating Committee for Geoscience Programmes in East and Southeast Asia or better known as CCOP. It is indeed a great privilege for Malaysia to host this prestigious event for the third time. The first two sessions were held in Kuala Lumpur in 1994 and 2003 respectively. I also feel greatly honoured to be here this morning amongst such an eminent group of distinguished geoscientists from not only this region but also from abroad. Langkawi Island was chosen to host this event for several reasons, among others being the first Geopark in Malaysia and Southeast Asia. I sincerely hope that your stay in this beautiful and historical island will be full of invigorating moments. CCOP was founded based on the mission to facilitate and coordinate the implementation of applied geoscience programmes in East and Southeast Asia in order to contribute to economic development and the improvement of the quality of life in the region. By this establishment, CCOP promotes capacity building, technology transfer, exchange of information and institutional linkages for sustainable resource development, management of geo-information, geo-hazards mitigation and protection of the environment. Since its inception 46 years ago, the organization has achieved many accomplishments as well as successfully overcome significant challenges such as rapid urbanization and sustainability of economic and social development through coordinated approach to training, research and the supply of data and information. We Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 28 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

32 are proud here to be able to continue that tradition to achieve the strategies outlined in CCOP Strategic Plan Ladies and Gentlemen; I had the opportunity to lead the Malaysian Delegation to the recent Rio+20 Meeting in Brazil and I found out that part of the resolutions that have been agreed by the world leaders can be achieved by the role of geoscientists. Geoscience community provides the knowledge, experience and ingenuity to meet society s demand for natural resources, environmental quality and resilience to hazards. With a rapidly increasing human population, demand for natural resources, concern for security of food, water, energy to combat the threats from global warming and climate change, it is critical to more fully amalgamate the understanding of the earth system and earth observation for a sustainable planet. There is no denying that we are now facing the need for reliable, cost-effective and green energy supplies. Improving energy efficiency, increasing the share of renewable energy, cleaner and energy-efficient technologies are important for sustainable development including addressing climate change. Fossil fuels have filled this role for decades in Malaysia and now we are exploring new sources of energy such as solar and geothermal energy. With the expertise from our geoscientists, even though our country has low manifestation of geothermal potential, we are expecting to develop our first geothermal power plant in Sabah. This achievement has contributed immensely towards infrastructural and economic development in rural and less developed areas in Sabah and I really hope that these changes have significant effects on the environment. On this positive note my Ministry will ensure further explorations over the potential areas for geothermal be carried out. We can also use this forum for obtaining the technical know-how, training and guidance to help meet this objective effectively. Besides energy supplies, I also would also like to emphasize on the need for clean water for this region. The United Nations estimated that the world population reached seven billion in October 2011 and is projected to reach eight billion by Clean water than will be our most precious commodity and I urge that CCOP through smart partnerships with her cooperating countries and organizations to facilitate R & D to allow geoscientists and engineers to understand and map water resources, measure and protect the quality and quantity and understand the effect of climate variability on water resources. It is primarily the responsibility of the individual member states to assess and manage their water resources. Looking into this, CCOP as an intergovernmental body can play a role by working within and across societal and political entities to understand and cooperatively manage water resources within watershed, aquifer and ecosystem boundaries in line with the resolution agreed on water and sanitation during the Rio+20 Meeting. Within this scenario since Malaysia does make use of groundwater to a certain extent, I would like to take this opportunity to urge the CCOP countries to share knowledge on groundwater development so as to enable countries abstracting and using groundwater do it sustainably. Monsoon rains affect Malaysia as well as member countries in the CCOP and it is during this period that natural disasters like floods and landslides usually occur. Other natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes, hurricanes, severe storms and drought are not uncommon in CCOP region and I think you will agree with me that our goal should be to develop resilient communities where losses are limited and recovery is holistic and rapid. Hence relevant Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 29 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

33 stakeholders including governments, international, regional and sub-regional organizations and CCOP s Cooperating Countries should take appropriate measures in natural hazard reduction through technical assistance, technology transfer, capacity-building and training programmes. I really hope that with the strong cooperation between member and cooperating countries like what we have now can enhance the resilience of cities and communities to natural hazards. Apart from that, my Ministry is now in the midst of finalising a National Geoscience Policy. The policy emphasises the important roles of geoscience in security and sovereignty, driving for economic growth, foster and enhancing a culture of creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship, empowering human capital, institution and strengthening the institutional frameworks for sustainable development. These objectives will support what we are doing now which is in line with the management of the current issues like climate change, energy security, clean water and natural hazards as I mentioned earlier. I have the vision that the National Geoscience Policy will assist geoscientists in Malaysia to develop plans in accordance to geological factors that will enhance the development of the country. Member countries are welcome to view our policy under the spirit of shared learning from one another. Ladies and Gentlemen; I would also like to touch on the very important issue of the increasing scarcity of raw materials in the world. Malaysia was once the world s largest tin producer and this contributed towards infrastructural development and urbanization of many towns such as Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Penang and many more. Although Malaysia still has significant mineral resources but we cannot simply rest on our laurels just because our country is geologically endowed with rich mineral resources. Left in-situ and undeveloped, our mineral wealth will not generate the capital wealth needed for the development of our nation. That is why under the National Key Economic Area launched by our Prime Minister, my Ministry is look towards revitalizing the mining industry and to ensure that mining be one of the Key Economic Growth Areas for sustained economic transformation. On the part of the Government, we welcome all efforts to revitalize the industry and will provide whatever support necessary towards the realization of this objective. The National Mineral Policy 2 launched in early 2009 is indeed aimed at revitalizing Malaysia s mineral industry as well as encouraging investment in mineral resource prospecting and exploration but through sustainable mining. It means to say that emphasis must always be towards sustainable development with rehabilitation of mines in all mining and quarrying activities carried out. So far Malaysia has done well in this aspect. How we do it is that, while we celebrate and take pride in the success and positive contributions of the mining industry, we do not ignore the industry s environmental legacy and the lessons to be learnt from this legacy. The legacy appears to be the destruction of land and pollution of water and air in many parts of the world. However, it is heartening to note that perception and attitudes towards mining activities are changing because of efforts being made to ensure sustainable mining. Indeed, globalisation in the world today demands that the industry practices life cycle management in its mineral resource development efforts. It should adopt environment friendly and best practices to ensure public trust. The prospect of revitalisation and renewal of a depleting industry is exciting. But in all, it will have to reposition itself in the context of today s needs where the new imperative is transparency and sustainable development. I am bold to state that the CCOP Advisory Group together with member countries can play a role in building human capacity in the management of the mineral cycle from mining to final use of processed minerals. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 30 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

34 Ladies and Gentlemen; I understand that besides this Annual Session and Steering Committee meeting, a one and half day thematic session will also be held. Two workshops will also be organized in conjunction with this Annual Session. The first one is an Expert Meeting on Land Subsidence in Coastal Megacities and the second one is on Natural Hazards and Climate Change Adaptation. I would like to congratulate the organizers for conducting those sessions and workshops and I really hope that it will contribute to the wellbeing of the community. Finally, I once again remind all present that the Geoscience community has a big role in the development of natural resources and environmental protection. Your knowledge in geoscience can strike a balance between economic wealth and environmental health. Thus, I would like to sincerely thank all of you for your dedication in attending this Annual Session. Your contribution in fulfilling the CCOP objectives in the promotion and exchange of technical and scientific information as well as mutual cooperation and technology transfer is very much appreciated. I wish you all a fruitful meeting and have a pleasant stay in Malaysia. I understand that visits to several interesting places around Langkawi have been arranged for you but I encourage you to spend a bit more time to see the Langkawi Geopark and to further explore tropical Malaysia. With that note, it is with great pleasure that I now declare this 48th Annual Session and 59th Steering Committee meeting officially open. Thank you. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 31 CCOP Technical Secretariat Langkawi, Malaysia, 4-8 November 2012

35 ANNEX III COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia OPENING CEREMONY ELECTION OF OFFICERS AGENDA ITEM 1. ADOPTION OF THE AGENDA AGENDA 2. CCOP PROGRESS REPORT ( 2010, 2011 and 1 January to 30 June 2012) 3. MEMBER COUNTRIES PRESENTATIONS 4. COOPERATING COUNTRIES AND ORGANIZATIONS PRESENTATIONS 5. PROPOSED CCOP WORKPLAN FOR PROPOSED DATE AND VENUE OF THE 49 th CCOP ANNUAL SESSION 7. PRESENTATION OF EAGER AWARD 8. ADVISORY GROUP MEETING (to be held as a separate meeting) 9. THEMATIC SESSION ON : Geoscience Innovations for Sustainable Development 10. REPORT OF THE CCOP ADVISORY GROUP MEETING 11. OTHER MATTERS 12. GENERAL REMARKS 13. ADOPTION OF THE REPORT CLOSING CEREMONY Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 32 CCOP Technical Secretariat

36 ANNEX IV COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia CCOP PROGRESS REPORT This report covers the period 01 January - 30 June I. ADMINISTRATION AND PERSONNEL As of 30 June 2012, the CCOP Technical Secretariat (TS) had 10 personnel, comprising four professionals, five supporting staff and one out-sourced staff member. The operational organization chart of the Technical Secretariat is shown in Figure 1. Dr. R. Sukhyar, Chairman of the CCOP Steering Committee, Permanent Representative of Indonesia to CCOP, Head of the Geological Agency of Indonesia, continued his services as Chairman of the CCOP Steering Committee. Mr. Leo L. Jasareno, Director, Mines and Geoscience Bureau, Permanent Representative of the Philippines to CCOP also continued his service as Vice-Chairman of the Steering Committee until December Dr. David B. Prior continued his services as Chairman of the CCOP Advisory Group. Ms. Franca Schwarz, Head of Sub-Department International Cooperation, Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) also continued her service as Vice Chairman of the CCOP Advisory Group. At the 58 th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting, March 2012, Nanjing, China. The Meeting accepted the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) as a new CCOP Cooperating Organization. The Meeting also accepted Dr Hee Young Chun, former CCOPTS Director, and Dr Jos Sonneville, former Representative of the Netherlands to CCOP, as new CCOP Honorary Advisors. Also the Meeting agreed in principle to accept Dr David Ovadia of the United Kingdom as CCOP Honorary Advisor subject to verification of procedure by the CCOPTS. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 33 CCOP Technical Secretariat

37 Actions Taken on Recommendations of the CCOP Advisory Group and on the Decision of the 58 th Steering Committee Meeting. The 2011 CCOP Annual Session planned to be held in November 2011, Bangkok, Thailand was cancelled due to flooding. In conjunction with the 58 th Steering Committee (SC) Meeting held in March 2012, Nanjing, China, some members of the CCOP Advisory Group met and made recommendations, which were endorsed by the 58 th SC Meeting. The summary of the actions taken on these recommendations is in Annex 1, as well as the Advisory Group Meeting s recommendations at the 47 th CCOP Annual Session in 2010 held in Manado, Indonesia. Implementation of the CCOPTS Restructuring Plan Upon the approval of the proposed CCOP TS Restructuring Plan at the 58 th Steering Committee Meeting held on March 2012 in Nanjing, China, the following actions were taken: The new CCOPTS structure was put in place on 1 April Accordingly, Mr Niran Chaimanee was appointed as interim Regional Expert, until Dr Nguyen Thi Minh Ngoc from Vietnam was appointed as Regional Expert, and officially started her term at CCOPTS on 16 August Ms Marivic Pulvera Uzarraga has been appointed as the Manager of the new division, Project Operation and Information, and Ms Sansanee Wudhiwanich as Manager of Finance and Administration. Ms Petcharat Fern Sarawisutra left the CCOP Technical Secretariat on 3 May, In July, Ms Piriya Boonsit joined CCOPTS as assistant to the Project Operation and Information Division. With regards to the Regional Expert position in the new structure, the Meeting decided to open this post to all the Member Countries for nomination. The deadline of nomination for the post is 30 May 2012, and evaluation of nominated candidates has been undertaken in one month. The Meeting gave the authority to the Chairman of the CCOP Steering Committee to formulate the evaluation criteria. By early July 2012, Dr Nguyen Thi Minh Ngoc, was offered the post and was announced to all the Member Countries. With regards to the Automated Management and Operation System (AMOS) to be developed, a conceptual framework was made and presented at the 58 th Steering Committee Meeting with acknowledgement. The proposed upgrade of CCOPTS computer hardware & software, and purchase of a new CCOP car was consequently approved upon endorsing the 7 th SFC Meeting recommendations. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 34 CCOP Technical Secretariat

38 Sansanee Yui Wudhiwanich Secretary (ACTING) He Qingcheng DIRECTOR Organogram of the CCOP Technical Secretariat as of 30 September PROJECT COORDINATOR REGIONAL EXPERT CONSULTANT Simplicio Caluyong EPPM Program Coordinator Nguyen Thi Minh NGOC Regional Expert Niran Chaimanee Consultant (Temporary) ADMINISTRATION & FINANCE DIVISION PROJECT OPERATION & INFORMATION DIVISION Sansanee Yui Wudhiwanich Manager Marivic Pulvera Uzarraga Manager Senior Assistant Maid & Cleaning Service Company Limited (out-source) Cleaner Theerayan Thee Thimasarn Clerk/Driver Soontaree Soon Rattanasrisophon Accountant Piriya Nong Boonsit Assistant Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 35 CCOP Technical Secretariat

39 II. FINANCE (Ending December 2011 and 1 January 30 June 2012) At the end of 31 December 2011, total income for the year 2011 was USD 475, In addition to Member Countries contributions, amounting to USD 350,006.65, the Technical Secretariat also earned USD 96, from the management of projects during the period. The amount of USD 28, was received from other income which included interest earned, sale of publications, gain/loss on currency exchange and miscellaneous income. The expenditure of USD 465, was incurred for operation and administrative support. As of December 31, 2011 the CCOP General Fund registered a cash balance of USD 790, (Annex II of the Progress Report 2011). From 1 January to 30 June 2012, Member Countries total cash contributions amounted to USD 170,000.00, that consist of Cambodia (USD 5,000.00), Indonesia (USD 40,000.00), Korea (USD 60,000.00), Thailand (USD 40,000.00), Timor-Leste (USD 10,000.00) and Vietnam (USD 15,000.00) (Table 1). In addition to Member Countries contributions, the amount of USD 25, was earned from the management of projects during January - June 2012 period (Table 2). Other income during the period amounted to USD 8, including interest earned, publication sales, gain/loss on exchange, and miscellaneous income. The total income during the period was USD 204, The expenditure of USD 201, was incurred from operation and administrative support. The total cash balance as at end of June 2012 amounted to USD 759, (Annex II). The in-kind contributions of Member Countries; Indonesia and Korea were also acknowledged (Table 3). The Financial Reports for the period January - December 2011 (Annex III of the Progress Report 2011) and January - June 2012 (Annex III) audited by Dhamniti Auditing Co., Ltd. is attached. The Technical Secretariat office premise is continuously being provided by the Royal Thai Government, through the kind arrangement of the Department of Mineral Resources (DMR), Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, at the permanent CCOP TS Building within the area of DMR s complex. The Royal Thai Government through the DMR also accorded the privileges and the cooperation to enable the Technical Secretariat to operate efficiently and effectively. China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia and Thailand provided in-kind contributions to CCOP by hosting CCOP activities, organizing workshops/training/ seminars/ courses for CCOP Member Countries and sponsoring printing of publications of CCOP. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 36 CCOP Technical Secretariat

40 Table 1. Cash Contributions of Member Countries for (Ending 30 June 2012) Member Countries 2009 Contribution Received in Contribution Received in Contribution Received in Contribution Received in Contribution Received in Contribution Received in Contribution Expected to Receive Cambodia 5,000.00** 5,000.00** - 5, , China , , Indonesia , , Japan , , Korea , , Laos - 10, , Malaysia , , Papua New Guinea , , *** *** Philippines , , Singapore Thailand , * - 40, Timor-Leste , , Vietnam , , Total 5, , , , , , , *Thailand cash contribution for 2011 was received in advance since 2010 **Cambodia cash contribution (USD 5,000) for 2009 and (USD 5,000) for 2010 was received in 2011 ***Papua New Guinea cash contribution for 2012 was received in advance since 2011 Table 2. Execution of Project and Activity, from their Management and Income (1 January - 30 June 2012) Organized with BGR DGR CGI Activities Country Period GAI-BGR-CCOP Workshop on Landslides in Southeast Asia: Management of a prominent Geohazard 4th CCOP-Panya Consultant-DGR Landsubsidence monitoring System Design CGI/IUGS - GSJ/AIST - CCOP Asian Geoscience Information Workshop Bandung, Indonesia Bangkok, Thailand Bangkok, Thailand November 28- December 01, 2011 May 2012 February 15-17, 2012 Amount (USD) 13, , , Total Project Management Income 17, Cash Received Is Advance from projects fund of DGR 8,241.76* Net Total Project Management Income for Budget Year , Target revenue of Project Management Income FY 2012, USD 115, *Criteria for received the fund without refund Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 37 CCOP Technical Secretariat

41 III. TECHNICAL COOPERATION AND PROJECT SUPPORT Capacity building remains a very important issue for CCOP Member Countries. Hence, activities in the 3 sectors and 7 programmes remain one of the key interests of Member Countries. To optimize the benefits of the programme supported by the Cooperating Countries and Organizations, the Member Countries also provide in-kind support. The table (Table 3) below summarizes the ongoing and planned cooperation and discussion with the Cooperating Countries and Organizations. Table 3. Summary of CCOP Technical Activities with Member Countries, and Cooperating Countries & Organizations Country/Organization China Indonesia Japan Korea Australia Canada Denmark Germany The Netherlands Norway Poland United Kingdom United States of America Activities Supported 58 th SC Meeting, CCOP Geochemical Mapping Workshop. Supported development of AMOS for CCOPTS. Organized in cooperation with CCOP the 3 rd Training Course on Geological Mapping Capacity Building for ASEAN Countries. Workshop on ASEAN Mineral Database and Information System Supported printing of Proceedings of 47 th CCOP Annual Session Part II (Thematic Session) GSJ/AIST continued to support second phase of the groundwater project GSJ/AIST continued to support second phase of DelSEA project GSJ/AIST started to be coordinator for Asia of OneGeology Steering Group since Oct Training Program on Mineral Resource Database for ASEAN (Jan & Sept 2012) Organized courses, Geological Application of GIS/RS, Exploration Geology/ Mining Methods and Cost Estimating, Groundwater Theory and Application for CCOP Member Countries. Cooperation reestablished with Geoscience Australia in future project on Environmental and Energy. Cooperation and support for an Ocean and Coastal Mapping Workshop to Member Countries which is available to MC on bilateral basis. Bilateral cooperation with Vietnam through the DANIDA ENRECA Programme. Continued support on Mineral, Geohazard and Geoenvironment programmes. Assisted in seeking funding support for the CCOP Geo-environment s Sector. Cooperation and Support to the CCOP-Norway Program for Enhancing Public Petroleum Management (EPPM). Pending for research project on Coastal erosion in SE Asia with Geological Institute of Adam Mickiewicz, University in Pozan. Cooperation with GETECH in the production and selling of aeromagnetic and gravity maps. OneGeology Annual EAGER Research Grant by the Geological Society of America for CCOP Annual Session host country. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 38 CCOP Technical Secretariat

42 Country/Organization Asean Council on Petroleum (ASCOPE) Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) International Programme for Petroleum Management and Administration (PETRAD) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) United Nations Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Activities Maintained close cooperation through jointly organizing seminars, information exchanges for the benefit of the Member Countries. Participation in ASCOPE Joint Committees Meeting to discuss current issues on CCOP and ASCOPE energy programmes. Invited Guest Speakers and Participants from ASCOPE Members to EPPM Programmes. Information exchange and discussion, cooperation on technical activities as well as organizing workshops and conferences. CCOP reports to the UN-ESCAP Commission Session and participates in the subcommittee meetings. CCOP is an Associate Member of IUGS and annually submits an activity report. CCOP and ASCOPE Members requested seminar topics through PETRAD and CCOP to organized tailor-made bilateral seminars for the priority needs of CCOP and ASCOPE Members. The seminars coordinated by CCOP for the region. Cooperated in the implementation of EPPM P2. 8-week courses (Stavanger, Norway every year in September- November) Upstream petroleum Policy and Management and Upstream Management of Petroleum Development and Operations. Supported printing and editing publications of CCOP. Information exchange, discussion and cooperation on Geopark technical activities. Other Cooperating Countries generally continued their technical support to a number of CCOP work programmes by providing valuable advice and guidance as well as the implementation of bilateral technical assistance for CCOP Member Countries. Thanks are due to all the Cooperating Countries and Organizations for their provision of representatives to CCOP who have contributed in large measure to the review, assessment and formulation of CCOP work programmes and for the contribution of technical information. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 39 CCOP Technical Secretariat

43 IV. TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES A number of workshops, seminars, training courses, working group meetings and expert visits were conducted during the reporting period. During the reporting period from 1 January to 30 June 2012, a total of 8 activities were carried out and attended by 269 participants from the Member Countries, as well as from Brunei, Mongolia and Myanmar (Table 4). Aiming at capacity building, knowledge sharing and technology transfer, and these activities were highly appreciated by the member countries. The status of CCOP Workplan 2012 is shown in Annex IV. Table 4. Summary of CCOP Member Countries Participation in Technical Activities Sector No. of activities No. of participants Geo-resources Geo-environment - - Geo-information 1 14 TOTAL *including participants from Brunei (4), Mongolia (3) & Myanmar (6) *there were 57 female participants out of GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR 1-A. ENERGY PROGRAMME 1) CCOP-Norway Cooperation Program for Enhancing Public Petroleum Management of the CCOP Member Countries (EPPM Program) The CCOP TS continues the implementation of the 4-year EPPM Program that is funded by the Royal Norwegian Government in the amount NOK15 Million. The program incorporates three (3) Projects: Petroleum Resource Management with a focus on Natural Gas (P1) Natural Gas Field Development and Environmental Issues (P2) Metadata on Natural Gas Resources of the CCOP Region (P3) During the reporting period, a total of four (4) activities, including 3 capacity-building workshops and a training course, were conducted. The specific titles of these activities are indicated below: 1. CCOP Norway EPPM Program: S4 EPPM Annual Seminar/Workshop on UNFC Resource Classification (for Oil, Gas and Minerals) organized in cooperation with UNECE, 9-10 February 2012, Bangkok, Thailand 2. CCOP-Norway EPPM Program: P3 Special Training on the Usage of the CCOP Geo- Information Metadata System (GIMS) Metadata Database Build-up and Management, March 2012, Phnom Penh, Cambodia 3. CCOP- Norway EPPM Program: P3W6 Workshop on Metadata Database Build-up and Management, March 2012, Phnom Penh, Cambodia 4. CCOP Norway EPPM Program: S5 Seminar/Workshop - How Should Governments manage the End of Concession Period and Decommissioning of Oil and Gas Installations? June 2012, Bangkok, Thailand. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 40 CCOP Technical Secretariat

44 All the activities achieved their objectives of creating awareness on the current issues related to natural gas development, cooperation and exchange of technical knowledge in a cross border study, effective data sharing and management, and added knowledge about sustainable resource management. The presentations and discussions support the on-going activities in many Member Countries, particularly in the areas of technology research, best practice and policy development for energy security and climate change impact mitigation. The documents from the activities were distributed to all the participants and also posted in the EPPM Program website - providing free and useful references for the MCs. For the reporting period, a total of 125 participants attended the EPPM Program technical activities. As usual, they are mostly management representatives of regulatory and research organizations dealing with upstream oil and gas, as well as from environmental agencies, academia and national oil companies of CCOP MCs. This brings the total number of participants to 917 since the start of the EPPM Program. It is important to note that representatives from Myanmar have also participated in the technical activities with financial support from the budget of the EPPM Program. Myanmar is in the processes of becoming a new member country of CCOP. The female participants represent ~30% of the total number of participants highest amongst all CCOP technical activities. 2) CCOP/ASCOPE/PETRAD Programmes With the technical and financial support of the Royal Norwegian Government, PETRAD, the International Programme for Petroleum Management and Administration, Norway, has been conducting tailor-made courses, workshops and seminars together with CCOP TS and CCOP Member Countries and ASCOPE Members. The PETRAD tailor-made seminars are mainly to facilitate sharing of knowledge and experience on Petroleum Management, Administration and Technology between managers and experts within Governments and National Oil Companies. Continued efforts are being exerted and PETRAD had been particularly resourceful in soliciting support for the seminars requested by the Member Countries. However, due to budget constraints, PETRAD-CCOP planned bilateral activities for 2012 will not be carried out with CCOP until PETRAD s budget situation improves. 1-B. MINERAL PROGRAMME Geochemical Baseline Project: The project is technically and financially supported by China Geological Survey (CGS) for global-scale sample analyses and pilot study national/regional scale sample analyses and training courses. The kick-off meeting: CGS-CCOP Seminar on Geochemical Mapping was organized for March 2012, Nanjing, China with 21 participants. 1-C. GROUNDWATER PROGRAMME 1) CCOP-GSJ/AIST Project on Groundwater Assessment and Control in the CCOP Region GSJ/AIST generously continues its support for the CCOP-GSJ/AIST Project on Groundwater, Phase II. The project postponed project activity due to the 2011 Tsunami in Japan. The planned meeting of CCOP-GSJ/AIST Groundwater Project in Vietnam in September 2011 was postponed to February Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 41 CCOP Technical Secretariat

45 Report on CCOP-AIST/GSJ-CGS Groundwater Phase II Meeting, 2-3 September 2011 in Xi an, China is under editing by AIST/GSJ Groundwater Team based on Additional Budget Provided by AIST/GSJ for Printing Cost & Postage Charge. It is to be distributed during the CCOP Annual Meeting in Malaysia in GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR 2-A. GEOHAZARDS PROGRAMME 1) Tsunami Risk Reduction Measures, Phase 2 During the report period, CCOP TS reported and submitted the final report of the project to the Norwegian Embassy in Bangkok. The Technical publication can be downloaded from the CCOP Website. 2) CCOP-KIGAM GeoCoast 2; Geohazard Assessment in Asia and South Pacific Coasts The GeoCoast 2 project was introduced with an aim of promoting capacity-building of the Southeast and South Pacific countries in order to mitigate or adapt to coastal geohazards from the geological point of view. At the 58 th SC, Korea informed that the CCOP-KIGAM GeoCoast2: Geohazard Assessment in Asia project is unlikely to be launched due to financial constraints. However, KIGAM continues to support Member Countries to participate annually in geoscience courses at its International School of Geoscience Resources. 2) Land Subsidence Monitoring System Design Project; CCOP-Panya Consultant-DGR In the report period, no activity is recorded for this project. It is planed that an Expert meeting on Land subsidence in Coastal Megacities will be held on 9 November 2012 in Langkawi, Malaysia in conjunction with the 48 th Annual Session. 2-B. COASTAL ZONE PROGRAMME 1) CCOP-GSJ/AIST Project on Integrated Geological Assessment of Deltas in Southeast Asia Phase 2 (DelSEA II Project) CCOP had on-going activities with AIST/GSJ, Japan since DelSEA II project which is one of the Geo-Environment programs has been conducted jointly with IGCP-475 DeltaMAP project for annual meetings and seminars in order to foster exchange of modern knowledge on deltas, Quaternary geology, sequence stratigraphy, and geological coastal management and to enhance joint study for better understanding of deltaic coasts and geological assessment for coastal management. The planned training course on Coastal Geology Mapping in Malaysia by the end of 2011 has been postponed to February Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 42 CCOP Technical Secretariat

46 2-C. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY PROGRAMME1) Environmental Analysis Support Programme in the CCOP and Other Regions The 48 th CCOP Steering Committees Meeting in Daejeon, Korea endorsed the Environmental Analysis Support Programme in the CCOP and Other Regions proposed by AIST/GSJ under the auspices of Japan Radioisotope Association and Iwate Medical University. This programme has continued supporting in-kind services on environmental specimens, which are analysed by PIXE method. The service is still open up to the maximum number of 500 samples per year and it will be continued annually. 3. GEO-INFORMATION SECTOR 1) CGI/IUGS CCOP Asian Geoscience Information Workshop Endorsed by the 56 th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting held in Manado, Indonesia, October 2010, the CGI/IUGS CCOP Asian Geoscience Information Workshop was organized on February 2012 in Bangkok, Thailand. This is with the funding support of the CGI, The Commission for the Management and Application of Geoscience Information, in cooperation with the Department of Mineral Resources, Thailand. The workshop focused on the following topics: CGI and GeosciML, Mineral Resources Database, Geological Maps on the Web, and CCOP Geo-Information Activities in Asia. It was a forum where experts in geo-information gathered and shared experience and knowledge in current technologies applicable to geoscience. The Workshop was attended by 20 participants from China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam and United Kingdom, as well as CCOPTS staff. The participants wished that similar forums be conducted regularly within CCOP. 2) CCOP Book Project 2009: Geological Museums of East and Southeast Asia This book is aimed at being a companion volume for the 2008 CCOP book entitled Geoheritage of East and Southeast Asia which was published in December 2008 and has generally been well received. Taken together these two books will complete CCOP s central contribution to the UN International Year of Planet Earth. At the 58 th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting held on March 2012, Nanjing China, the book has been distributed to all the Member Countries present. The Meeting applauded Malaysia through the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) for this publication. 3) OneGeology-CCOP The 49 th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting endorsed the OneGeology Project, an international initiative of the geological surveys of the world led by the British Geological Survey (BGS) and a flagship project of the 'International Year of Planet Earth'. Its aim is to create dynamic geological map data of the world available via the web. To date, CCOP s 1:2M Geologic Map of East and Southeast Asia and the 1:1M Geologic Maps of Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand have been made available and accessible through the portal, At the 58 th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting in Nanjing, China, Japan informed that the OneGeology Steering Group agreed for Geological Survey of Japan to be the coordinator for Asia at its meeting in Tokyo, Japan on 27 Sept to 1 October In this regard, Japan encouraged the cooperation of all the CCOP Member Countries for this international initiative. In addition, the British Geological Survey has been OneGeology s secretariat for the past years, and the institution which will serve as the new secretariat will Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 43 CCOP Technical Secretariat

47 be decided at the International Geological Congress (IGC) session in Brisbane, Australia in August CCOP acknowledges the Geological Survey of Japan, AIST for its support for this international initiative. 4) CCOP Metadata Phase II The CCOP Metadata Project Phase II was approved by the 48 th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting held in Daejeon, Korea on November 2006, with the financial support of China Geological Survey (CGS). It is the objective of this phase to develop a comprehensive CCOP Metadata Standard for Geoscience in conformity with ISO19115 International Metadata Standard. CGS had not only provided financial support, but also resource persons for the project, and shared their vast experience in metadata development with the CCOP Member Countries. The Project produced two concrete products, the web-based CCOP Geo-Information Metadata System (CCOP-GIMS) installed at the CCOP TS server, as well as the CCOP S01 Edition 2 Standard for Geo-Information Metadata. CGS continues offering its support for GIMS training for Member Countries when required. 4. FELLOWSHIPS AND GRANTS 1) East Asia Geoscience and Environmental Research (EAGER) Project The EAGER Project is a trust fund set up in the Geological Society of America with the personal contribution of Dr. Maurice Ric Terman, CCOP Honorary Advisor, to be used for funding research in geoscience in the region. Under the programme, a grant will be made available for research on Geoscience and Environment in East and Southeast Asia to candidates from the Member Country hosting the CCOP Annual Session since Despite the cancellation of the 2011 Annual Session supposedly held in Bangkok, Thailand, the EAGER grant for 2011 was still awarded to Ms Mallika Nillorm (Thailand). The title of her research proposal is Risk and vulnerability from landslide hazards: impacts of Geotourism in a World Heritage site. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 44 CCOP Technical Secretariat

48 V. PUBLICATION AND DOCUMENTATION The following publications were produced during the reporting period. The workshop and seminar reports and proceedings of the CCOP-Norway Cooperation Program for Enhancing Public Petroleum Management of the CCOP Member Countries (EPPM Program) were published on the CCOP website. General Publication CCOP E-News Vol. 3 No. 1, July 2012 The CCOP E-News is meant to give the latest news and information on CCOP activities around the region and worldwide. This replaces the former printed CCOP Newsletter and will be issued several times a year. The Vol.3 No.1 can be downloaded at CCOP website in PDF format from this link: Book - Geological Museums in East and Southeast This book is for the International Year of the Planet Earth, featuring geological museums in China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Thailand and Vietnam. Published in late 2011, the book has been distributed at the 58 th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting held in Nanjing China, March An electronic copy of this book will be soon made available at the CCOP website. CCOP Annual Session Proceedings Proceedings of the 47 th CCOP Annual Session Part II This publication is the proceedings of the Thematic Session on Understanding the Climatic Change in order to Enhance Geoscientific Contribution for Society and Its Environments at the 47 th CCOP Annual Session held in Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia on October Published in late 2011, the printed copies of this proceeding have been distributed at the 58 th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting in Nanjing, China. Printing was sponsored by the Geological Agency of Indonesia. The PDF file of this proceeding can be downloaded from this link: CCOP Steering Committee Meeting Reports Report of the 58 th CCOP Steering Committee Meeting Report including the minutes of the Steering Committee Meeting held in Nanjing, China on March 2012 (electronic). Technical Activities Reports/Proceedings EPPM Program The workshop and seminar reports and proceedings of these activities were published on the CCOP website, CCOP Homepage The CCOP Homepage is continuously being updated. New web-pages are added for new projects and activities. Sales of Publications No sales of publication during the reporting period (1 January to 30 June 2012) due to CCOP TS s migration from paper to WEB publication. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 45 CCOP Technical Secretariat

49 ANNEX V COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia MEMBER COUNTRIES REPORTS Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 46 CCOP Technical Secretariat

50 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia Member Country Report of CAMBODIA Submitted by Cambodian Delegation (For Agenda Item 3) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 47 CCOP Technical Secretariat

51 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) , Fax: +66 (0) , Website: ANNUAL MEMBER COUNTRY REPORT Country: CAMBODIA Period: 1 July June 2012 GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR 1. MINERAL PROGRAMME 1.1. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities The JICA compiled 1:1000,000 mineral resource map is being updated using information from private companies' exploration work A mining policy is being set up with UNDP's assistance and cooperation A map of landslide prone area in eastern Cambodia is being compiled. Programme Contact Person: Mr. Sieng Sotham Director Department of Geology # 79-89, Street Pasteur, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Tel: geodept@online.com.kh 2. ENERGY PROGRAMME 2.1. Summary Petroleum exploration activities commenced in Cambodia in the early 1970 s and even though oil and gas discovery was apparent since middle 1990 s, the development phase has not yet started. During the reviewed period of 01 July 2010 to 30 June 2012 more petroleum activities in onshore Cambodia have been carried out and two wells were drilled in offshore Cambodia. A few oil companies have carried out geological and geophysical studies around the Tonle Sap Lake Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Declaration of Commercial Discovery A Petroleum Agreement was made and entered into on 18 th March 2002 between the Royal Government of Cambodia, represented by Cambodian National Petroleum Authority (CNPA), and the Contractor, Chevron Overseas Petroleum (Cambodia) Limited and partners. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 48 CCOP Technical Secretariat

52 With information from the existing wells, the oil pay sands are well defined and the properties have been assessed. Using analog data sets from existing Gulf of Thailand field operations, the in-place and recoverable oil reserves can be calculated with the accuracy necessary for field development. Production flow tests also have been carried out which flowed from 415 to 860 BOPD. Based on evaluation, the determination of commercial quantities of Petroleum within Block A was been declared on 31 st August High Resolution Airborne Gravity and Magnetic Survey. Block XV, onshore, was awarded to PetroVietnam Exploration Production (PVEP) Overseas Cambodia Corporation on 12 th November 2009 covered an area of sq.km and located in the Tonle Sap Basin. Due to airborne gravity and magnetic survey conducted by Japan National Oil Corporation roughly outlining possible troughs in the large area, the high resolution airborne gravity and magnetic survey was added. The objective of this survey is to outline the preferred area for seismic acquisition in the next phase. The survey was flown using SGL s airborne gravity system, an airborne inertial referenced gravimeter. Production flights commenced on October 10, 2010 and were completed on October 31, A total of 14 flights were flown during the survey to complete the planned line kilometers. The traverse lines are oriented north-south and spaced at 1,500 m, while the control lines are oriented east-west and spaced at 5,000 m Application for a Production Permit On 30 September 2010, Chevron Overseas Petroleum (Cambodia) Limited submitted a Production Permit Application to the CNPA in order to begin development activity in Block A offshore Cambodia. This application includes: (1) the specification of the production area applied for and covered by development activities and future exploration, and (2) the description of a phased field development plan with a Development Work Programme. Specifically, a detailed plan of the initial Phase 1a development includes a production platform with 22 wells producing to a captive Floating Storage and Offloading vessel (FSO) Geological Survey CNPA and Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (JOGMEC) signed a Basic Agreement for a study and survey programme in Block XVII onshore Cambodia on May 4, The geological survey was carried out from December 4 to 19, 2010 and 70 rock samples in total were collected. The objective of this study is to clarify (1) the existence of any Mesozoic-Paleozoic sedimentary basins with the required thickness (2) the existence of reservoir rocks consisting of Carboniferous-Permian carbonates together with Paleozoic-Meozoic source rock with sufficient maturity for hydrocarbon generation. All the samples were sent to laboratory for analysis as follows: age dating, source rock properties, reservoir rock properties, bulk rock composition and fluid inclusions Field Geological survey As the Block XV and surrounding area is virgin territory, one of the key elements that should be considered as a first priority is the study of the source rock and reservoir rock by conventional means. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 49 CCOP Technical Secretariat

53 The geological team of PVEP Overseas and CNPA geologists together carried out field survey of the northern and eastern part of onshore Cambodia on December The main objective of this survey was to (1) understand lithological and deformational characteristics of sedimentary strata and (2) preliminarily identify and assess the relationship between lithologies and regional structures for hydrocarbon system, particularly source and reservoir rocks. In relation with this survey, collecting, analyzing and generalizing all available geological and geophysical data in block XV and adjacent areas are used. The formation sections, rock characteristics, fossil investigation, sample collection for further analysis and storage, deformation characteristics will be described in detail Shore Base Survey On June 2011, a Chevron Overseas Petroleum (Cambodia) Limited project team in collaboration with CNPA officials has conducted the shore base survey in Preah Sihanouk Province. The purpose of the survey is to understand the available capabilities in Preah Sihanouk Province and the logistics plan for the project Rong1-1 Well Drilling Block F is located dominantly in offshore Cambodia and was awarded to CNOOC in CNOOC has conducted 522 Km. of 2D seismic and drill one well to date. Rong1-1 well was the first exploration well in Block F, which geologically located in Kampong Som Basin as well. The main objective of Rong1-1 well drilling was to evaluate the hydrocarbon potential of petroleum system in Basin. Rong1-1 well was a vertical well and drilled to total depth of 2800 m (as planned 2875 m.) on 06 December January 2012 with plug and abandon as a dry hole BPS-1 well Drilling The Baphoun Sireymongkol-1 well (BPS-1) was the third exploration well drilled in Block B by PTTEPI, operator of the consortium contractors. The well location was selected based on 3D seismic data to evaluate the hydrocarbon potential of a significant structural feature with seismic anomalies not seen in the previous two exploration wells drilled by PTTEPI. BPS-1 was a deviated well drilled on March 2012 with the total depth of 3004 m. true vertical depth using oil base mud. The main objective was to explore hydrocarbon potential of 4-way and 3-way dip closure of Oligocene syn-rift play as primary target and Miocene play as secondary target. Three poor oil shows were recorded in the interval from 1000 m. to 1300 m. The well was plugged and abandoned as a dry hole D Seismic Survey in Block XVII Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation carried out km. of 2D seismic survey in block XVII onshore of Cambodia. Operation was commenced on early April and completed on the early of September The objective of this survey is to (i) clarify basin and main geological feature (ii) better understand of HC system with focus on Mesozoic-Paleozoic sedimentary sections for reservoir and source rocks-permian limestone and Triassic clastic sediments and (iii) identify and clarify the existence of potential hydrocarbon structures and leads (iv) evaluate and select the most prospective structure for the next seismic acquisition. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 50 CCOP Technical Secretariat

54 The 2D-seismic survey was done using 1-3 kg/shot point explosives at maximum, which act as a vibration source or an acoustic wave source. Nearly 6,000 holes with 50 meter interval were drilled up to 20 meter depth and 60 meter depth for upholes. Receiving points for each receiver/geophone line were located at 25 meter from one to another. The explosives and detonators used in the survey were Emulex E700-type explosives and Deveydet SR-type detonators Proposed Future Activities - Onshore Geological Cross-border Study - Geological Study in Onshore Cambodia 2.4. Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities Require both technical and financial support for these proposed future activities. Programme Contact Person: Mr. Lim Vatha Deputy Director of Upstream Division Cambodian National Petroleum Authority #13-14, Russian Federation Blvd., Sangkat Kakab, Khan Posenchey, Phnom Penh, Kingdom Of Cambodia. Tel : , Fax: limvatha@gmail.com Website : 3. GROUNDWATER PROGRAMME Nothing to report 4. COASTAL ZONE PROGRAMME GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR Nothing to report 5. GEO-HAZARDS PROGRAMME Nothing to report Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 51 CCOP Technical Secretariat

55 6. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY PROGRAMME 6.1. Summary Environmental issues present major challenges major for oil and gas development in Cambodia. As required under the Cambodian Law on Environment Protection and natural Resource Management (1996) and the Sub-Decree on Environmental Impact Assessment (1999), all contractors have to conduct an environmental impact assessment before the petroleum operation commences. The purpose of this EIA is to identify and, to the extent possible, quantify the potential negative and positive impacts of the proposed operation within the contracted blocks with respect to the environment, values of human use of resources, quality of life, and health. Once these impacts have been identified, prevention, mitigation, and monitoring measures will be proposed to minimize the negative impacts. The scope of environmental impact assessment includes: - An evaluation of the existing environmental and social conditions in the project area; - An assessment of positive and negative impacts during the operation period; - Proposed mitigation measures to prevent and/ or reduce the potential harmful impacts to the nearby environment; and - Proposed monitoring programme to record compliance with regulatory commitments and to determine if the local environment quality is affected by the project. The EIA methodology and the main components of the report are as following: - Data and Information Collection: Primary data on site characteristics were collected within the vicinity of the proposed project area and at the reference stations outside. Secondary data on human use of resources, socio-economic conditions and quality of life values, were collected from literature, government agencies and independent studies. - Project Description: Describe the relevant activities of the project from the preparation to the completion. - Environment Setting: Environmental data and information that were collected and assessed in order to understand the physical and biological resources, values of human use of resources, quality of life, health and safety. - Impact Assessment and Risk Assessment: All aspects of the planned project activities were assessed in terms of their potential impacts. - Impact Mitigation and Monitoring: The monitoring plan was prepared to gather data and information on the actual environment and changes to it during project implementation and to provide a basis upon which to evaluate the effectiveness of the mitigation measures put in place. - Environmental Management Plan (EMP): The plan covers all impacts that were identified and the corresponding mitigation measures and procedures. The EMP will be used for managing and monitoring the impacts that could occur during the operation. - EIA Process in Cambodia: The Cambodian EIA process administered by the Ministry of environment. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 52 CCOP Technical Secretariat

56 6.2. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Environment Impact Assessment for 2D Seismic Block XVII Moeco Cambodia Oil and Gas Co., Ltd. (MCOG) received the right as operator from JOGMEC and has contracted International Environmental Management Co., Ltd. (IEM) to complete the environmental impact assessment for the 2D seismic survey in block XVII. Block XVII covers a surface area of 6,500 km2 and is located in a hilly area generally at a height of 200m-300m in Kampong Thom, Preah Vihear and Siem Reap Provinces, approximately 200 km north of Phnom Penh. The EIA survey was carried out from March and ended in mid July 2011 to collect the field data and then a report was prepared which was approved by the ministry of environment in January Environmental impact Assessment for Exploration Drilling Block F Block F contractor, CNOOC, has also contracted IEM to prepare the EIA report for the CNOOC offshore exploratory drilling project The well is named Rong1-1 and targeted to drill to 2800 m. The location of the well is about 37km from the Sihanouk Ville port and approximately 160km from Phnom Penh. The EIA survey was started from April 20 th, 2011 and completed with the approval from the ministry of environment on November 30th, Impact on Small Scale Mining In the effort to alleviate people s poverty and the impact from small scale mining on the environment, the Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy (MIME) in collaboration with UNDP, is setting up a project on the Management of small scale gold miners that will ensure the legal status of the small scale and artisanal miners and provide them with awareness training on safe mining and processing methods. Programme Contact Person: Mr. Kun Samith #13-14, Russian Federation Blvd., Sangkat Kakab, Khan Posenchey, Phnom Penh, Kingdom Of Cambodia. Tel : Fax: kunsamith@gmail.com Website : Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 53 CCOP Technical Secretariat

57 GEO-INFORMATION SECTOR 7 GEO-DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME The establishment of a mineral database and cadastre was completed early this year thanks to the assistance of JICA. Programme Contact Person: Mr. Sieng Sotham Director Department of Geology # 79-89, Street Pasteur, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Tel: geodept@online.com.kh Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 54 CCOP Technical Secretariat

58 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia Member Country Report of CHINA Submitted by CHINA DELEGATION (For Agenda Item 3) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 55 CCOP Technical Secretariat

59 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) , Fax: +66 (0) , Website: ANNUAL MEMBER COUNTRY REPORT Country: CHINA Period: 1 July June MINERAL PROGRAMME 1.1 Summary GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR In 2011, China carried out 40 programs of mineral investigation and assessment which included 558 projects of mineral potential investigation and assessment, some comprehensive research and 85,000 meters of drilling. The budget for the mineral projects was about RMB 2,645 million (about USD 419 million). The geological mapping and mineral potential investigations were carried out in 20 major metallogenetic belts of China. In 2011, China completed the assessment of mineral potential of 13 minerals which included iron, aluminum, coal, uranium, copper, lead, zinc, tungsten, tin, gold, rare earth, potash and phosphorus in China Geological Survey (CGS), provincial geological surveys, provincial bureaus and departments of geology and mineral resources, and other industry departments of the central government were also involved in mineral investigation/prospecting and assessment. 1.2 Annual Progresses Review Mineral investigation and assessment in major metallogenetic belts In 2011, China carried out geological investigation and mineral assessment in 20 major metallogenetic belts. 1. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in Tianshan metallogenetic belts The geological investigation and mineral assessment included a lead and zinc deposit, copper and iron deposit, copper, lead and zinc spolymetallic ore deposit, iron deposit, zinc and copper deposit, copper and nickel deposit. 2. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in Alertai metallogenetic belts The geological investigation and mineral assessment included a copper deposit, porphyry copper, molybdenum and gold deposit, iron and copper deposit, and copper and gold deposit. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 56 CCOP Technical Secretariat

60 3. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in Kunlun-Alerjin metallogenetic belts The geological investigation and mineral assessment included iron, lead and zinc deposit, copper and polymetallic ore deposit. It also included mineral potential investigation and check on new airborne magnetic anomaly. 4. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in Caidamo and its adjacent metallogenetic belts The geological investigation and mineral assessment included iron deposit, copper polymetallic ore deposit, and gold deposit. 5. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in Beishan-Qilianshan metallogenetic belts The geological investigation and mineral assessment included molybdenum deposit, iron deposit, iron and copper deposit, tungsten polymetallic ore deposit, iron and polymetallic ore deposit, and polymetallic ore deposit. 6. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in Qinling Mountain metallogenetic belts The geological investigation and mineral assessment included nonferrous metal deposit, tungsten polymetallic ore deposit, gold deposit, copper deposit, copper and gold deposit. 7. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in Gangdisi metallogenetic belts The geological investigation and mineral assessment included copper and molybdenum deposit, copper molybdenum deposit, copper deposit, gold and antimony polymetallic ore deposit. 8. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in Bangonghu-Nujiang metallogenetic belts The geological investigation and mineral assessment included copper deposit, copper polymetallic ore deposit, and salt lake resources. It included the mineral potential investigation and comprehensive research of copper polymetallic ore deposits. 9. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in the border areas of Sichuan-Yunan-Guizhou provinces The geological investigation and mineral assessment included iron deposit, lead and zinc deposit, vanadium titanium magnetite deposit, iron and copper deposit, copper, lead and zinc deposit, gold deposit, and bauxite deposit. 10. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in Sanjiang metallogenetic belts of southwest China The geological investigation and mineral assessment included lead and zinc deposit, copper, lead and zinc deposit, copper polymetallic deposit, iron and copper deposit, lead and zinc polymetallic deposit gold and antimony polymetallic ore deposit. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 57 CCOP Technical Secretariat

61 11. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in the south area of Daxinganling metallogenetic belts The geological investigation and mineral assessment included lead zinc and silver polymetallic ore deposit, iron deposit. It also included mineral potential investigations in the area. 12. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in the north area of Daxinganling metallogenetic belts The geological investigation and mineral assessment included iron and copper polymetallic ore deposit, silver polymetallic ore deposit. The mineral potential investigation was also carried out. 13. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in the Daxinganling metallogenetic belts of eastern Lianing and southern Jilin The geological investigation and mineral assessment included copper and zinc deposit, iron deposit. In addition the investigation of potential copper, cobalt, zinc and lead deposit, copper and nickel deposit, and nonferrous metal deposit was carried out. 14. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in metallogenetic belts of Shansi and Hebei The geological investigation and mineral assessment included gold deposit, copper, lead and zinc deposit. It also included investigation of iron and bauxite potential. 15. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in the metallogenetic belts of western Henan The geological investigation and mineral assessment included bauxite deposit, zinc and silver deposit. It also included a mineral potential investigation in the area. 16. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in the metallogenetic belts of middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang River This included the investigation of iron and copper deposit, the investigation of potential copper polymetallic ore deposit, copper and iron polymetallic ore deposit, the investigation and assessment of copper and iron polymetallic ore deposit and iron and copper deposit. 17. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in the metallogenetic belts of Wuyishan This included the investigation and assessment of copper polymetallic ore deposit and the investigation of potential copper polymetallic ore deposit and other deposits. 18. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in the metallogenetic belts of western Hunan and Hubei This included the assessment of potential lead and zinc polymetallic ore deposit, investigation and assessment of lead and zinc deposit, investigation of potential lead and zinc deposit and other deposits. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 58 CCOP Technical Secretariat

62 19. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in the Nanling metallogenetic belts This included the prospecting of tin, lead and zinc polymetallic ore deposit, investigation of lead and zinc deposit, manganese deposit, copper, iron, lead and zinc deposit, tin polimetallic ore deposit, and other deposits. It also included investigation and assessment of copper, lead, zinc, tin polymetallic ore deposit, and assessment of tungsten and tin polymetallic ore deposit. 20. Geological investigation and mineral assessment in the Qinhang metallogenetic belts This included the investigation of copper and gold deposit, copper polymetallic ore deposit, copper, gold and tungsten polymetallic ore deposit, silver, lead and zinc deposit. It also included the investigation and assessment of gold and molybdenum polymetallic ore deposit. 2. ENERGY PROGRAMME 2.1. Summary In 2011 China continued to maintain the rapid development of its oil and gas resources. Proved reserves of oil are billion tons, of natural gas billion cubic meters. Crude oil production was maintained 203 million tons and natural gas production was101.2 billion cubic meters. The new proven geological reserve of coal bed methane was billion cubic meters and total proven reserves are billion cubic meters. China carried out the assessment of potential and favorable areas of national shale gas resources. China's first horizontal well for shale gas was drilled (Wei 201-H1 well) and tested gas capable of production. China carried out onshore and offshore gas hydrate exploration and metallogenic theory and distribution prediction research, the exploration technology research and development, drilling and production technology research and development, test technology and simulation studies, database construction and strategy supporting research. By the end of 2011, China hsd built 2.13 million km of crude oil pipelines, 2.04 million km of refined oil product pipeline, and over 5 million meters of natural gas pipelines. In 2011, the 8,704 km-long Second West-East Gas Pipeline was completed, the first in China to import overseas gas resources from Turkmenistan. Consisting of one trunk and eight branches, it is connected to the Central Asia-China Gas Pipeline at Horgos in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and reaches Shanghai in the east and Guangzhou and Hong Kong in the south. The trunk, 4,978km long, and 1,219mm-thick, can transport 30 billion cubic meters of gas per year. The overseas M & A activity of China's oil companies concentrated in the deepwater and unconventional shale gas field in A total of billion RMB (about USD Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 59 CCOP Technical Secretariat

63 billion) was invested in these fields by the Chinese oil companies who gained interests in oil production of million tons. In 2011, China carried out the evaluation of conventional oil and gas resources in the Songliao Basin and Liaohe Depression of Bohai Bay Basin, and oil shale resource evaluation in northeastern regions. The first systematic investigation and evaluation of shale gas resources was conducted through investigation and evaluation of the national oil and gas resources strategy constituency. The management of oil and gas resources is standardized and orderly, and management tools have constantly been improved Annual view of technical programmes/activities Activities of China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) In 2011, CNPC continued to increase its resources and expand its market. The newly added proven oil and gas reserves were million tons and billion cubic meters respectively. In 2011, CNPC produced million tons of crude and billion cubic meters of natural gas at home. In particular, Daqing continued to produce at 40 million tons and Changqing produced more than 40 million tons. Overseas projects produced more than 100 million tons of oil equivalent in 2011, of which CNPC s share was more than 50 million tons Exploration In 2011, domestic exploration resulted in newly proven oil and gas in place of million tons and billion cubic meters, and proven oil and gas reserves exceeded 1 billion tons of oil equivalent. The newly proven reserves were mainly contained in lithostratigraphic reservoirs and low permeability reservoirs that are deeply buried but are massive in scale and producibility. The oil reserve replacement ratio remained above 100% Major Discoveries New breakthroughs were made in major exploration blocks in Sichuan, Bohai Bay, Qaidam, Ordos, Junggar, and Hailaer basins. Gas exploration in the Sichuan Basin identified the great potential of the Sinian System. Exploration in the deeply buried hills in Bohai Bay Basin showed favorable prospects. In the Ordos Basin, the Lower Palaeozoic strata became a new exploration target. Lithologic reservoirs with abundant reserves were discovered in the Jurassic System in the Junggar Basin. In addition, CNPC made major progresses at Jiyuan and Sulige in the Ordos Basin, Tazhong and Tabei in the Tarim Basin, Chuanzhong Xujiahe formation in the Sichuan Basin, Qibei-Chenghai block in the Bohai Bay Basin, north (oil) and south (natural gas) in the Songliao Basin, Jimusaer Sag in the Junggar Basin, Kunbei in the Qaidam Basin, and Fushan Sag in the North Bay Basin. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 60 CCOP Technical Secretariat

64 2.2.4 Crude Oil Production In 2011, domestic oil and gas production of CNPC reached million tons of oil equivalent, up 2.8% year-on-year. In particular, natural gas contributed 36% of the company s total oil and gas production. In 2011, CNPC produced million tons of crude oil in China, 2% higher than the previous year. Despite the challenges of ultra-high water-cut, Daqing continued to produce at an annual level of 40 million tons, of which more than 13 million was attributable to tertiary recovery represented by polymer flooding and ASP flooding. Attributing to the efficient and massive development of low-permeability reservoirs, Changqing produced more than 40 million tons of oil equivalent, with an average increase of more than 5 million tons for each of the past four years. In particular, 5.5 million tons of oil was produced from ultra-lowpermeability reservoirs Natural Gas Development In 2011, CNPC produced billion cubic meters of natural gas domestically, 4.3% more than that in The gas production of Changqing registered another year of rapid growth in 2011 to 25.8 billion cubic meters. Tarim produced more than 17 billion cubic meters of natural gas. Production capacity building projects in Sulige and Gaoqiao was pushed forward. Sulige has become the largest gas field in China. 2.2 Exploration and Development of Unconventional Oil and Gas CNPC carried out the exploration and development of CBM, shale gas and other unconventional oil and gas resources. It not only expedites the construction of CBM industrial bases, but also promotes shale gas demonstration projects CBM In 2011, CNPC enhanced CBM production capacity building in Qinshui Basin and the eastern edge of Ordos Basin. CNPC newly proved 78.7 billion cubic meters of CBM, built additional 0.35 bcm/a production capacity, and supplied 420 million cubic meters of commercial CBM. CNPC made a breakthrough in the exploration of low-coal-rank CBM with the discovery of the first medium-to-low-coal-rank CBM field of China in the Baode block on the eastern edge of the Ordos Basin. A production test has shown that the block is characterized by early gas show, rapid production increase, thick coal seam, good permeability, and high bottom hole pressure Shale Gas In 2011, CNPC accelerated the building of demonstration zones of shale gas industrialization at Weiyuan-Changning in Sichuan and Zhaotong in Yunnan. CNPC drilled four vertical wells and four horizontal ones, and fractured five of them. Well Wei 201-H1 was completed and fractured, maintaining a daily output of 11,500-13,400 cubic meters. In 150 days of gas testing, output was 1.77 million cubic meters of natural gas, and it became the first completed horizontal well that began to produce shale gas. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 61 CCOP Technical Secretariat

65 2.3 Activities of SINOPEC In 2011, SINOPEC continued to implement the resource strategy of stabilizing reserves and production in eastern region, expanding reserves and production in western areas, accelerating exploration and development in southern blocks, pushing forward offshore exploration and development, making a breakthrough in unconventional resource development, depending on technologies and building up upstream strength. Great efforts were made to increase the hydrocarbon reserves and output in the Shengli oilfield complex, Ordos Basin, Tarim Basin, Sichuan Basin, and from unconventional resources. In 2011, SINOPEC focused on exploration in key exploration regions and on intensive exploration in mature fields, such as the Northern rim of the Junggar Basin, the western depression in the Sichuan Basin, the Northern Slope of the Tazhong area in the Tarim Basin, Songnan frontier in the Songliao Basin and Southeast areas offshore Hainan Island. Exploration for unconventional oil and gas has borne initial results. SINOPEC has also identified regions in which to build production capacity for coal bed methane. In the development of crude oil, SINOPEC focused on steady production in eastern China and growth of production in western China and actively promoted technological breakthroughs and tests on horizontal drilling and multi-staged fracturing. In the development of natural gas, SINOPEC focused on gas projects in the Sichuan Basin and the Ordos Basin. In 2011, SINOPEC made 5 breakthroughs, 9 examples of important progress and 4 significant discoveries. The 5 breakthroughs include exploration successes in: - shallow strata of the Northern rim of the Junggar Basin with a potential of adding 50 million tons of oil reserves in-place; - the middle and shallow strata of the western depression in the Sichuan Basin with a potential of adding a trillion cubic meters of gas reserves in-place; - the Silurian of the northern slope of the Tazhong block in the Tarim Basin with a potential of adding 100 million tons of oil reserves in-place; - Songnan frontier in the Songliao Basin with a potential of adding 100 million tons of oil reserves in-place; and; - offshore areas with a potential of adding one trillion cubic meters of gas reserves inplace. The 9 examples of important progress were made in - Yuanba block in the Sichuan Basin with newly-added measured geological gas reserve of billion cubic meters; - matured areas in the Jiyang subbasin in the Bohaiwan Basin with a potential of adding 3-levels of reserves (measured geological reserve, indicated geological reserve and inferred geological reserve) totalling 300 million tons; - the Ordovician of the Tahe area in the Tarim Basin with newly-added measured and indicated geological oil reserves of 170 million tons; - Western Junggar with a potential of adding measured geological reserve of million tons, accumulatively adding million tons; Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 62 CCOP Technical Secretariat

66 - Southern area in the Ordos Basin with a potential of adding a 3-level reserve of 160 million tons; - Hangjinqi block in the Ordos Basin with a potential of adding measured and indicated geological gas reserve of 81.2 billion cubic meters; - the Ordovician of the Yubei block in the Tarim Basin with great reserve growth potential; - Qingdong depression in the Bohaiwan Basin with potential for forming a base for reserve growth, and - the exploration of unconventional oil and gas with key shale oil and gas blocks and coalbed methane pilot production areas. The 4 significant oil and gas discoveries are made in - Wujiaping Formation of the Permian in the Yuanba block in the Sichuan Basin; - marine formation of the Paleozoic in the Lower Yangtze region; - Triassic of the Luoyi Basin in the south of Northern China and - Archaeozoic of the the Jiyang subasin in the Bohaiwan Basin. In 2011, by implementing delicacy management in its oil field development, SINOPEC operated smoothly according to its annual production plan and achieved positive results in its reservoir evaluation and production capacity building. SINOPEC took full advantage of oil and gas development technologies to support the production capacity building of its new production zones. The application of development technologies and the efforts exerted in practical technology research ensured the quality of its production capacity building for new zones. Thermal recovery was adopted to accelerate the integration of heavy oil production capacity, enhance the application of engineering technologies in reservoirs and realize the different development of low-permeability reservoirs. Fine characterization of fractured vuggy reservoirs was further strengthened to enhance production capacity building. SINOPEC also focused on the application of mature production technologies and integration technology innovation to enhance the recovery factor of matured oil fields. SINOPEC studied the distribution of remaining oil in different types of reservoirs and drew up plans for future development. SINOPEC emphasized research of tight-oil development technologies and achieved initial progress in resource replacement. It carried out basic studies and research for developing tight oil, including geological requirements for well selection, staged fracturing and horizontal well drilling. This work greatly supported the experiments on tight-oil development by laying down a sound foundation for experimental well drillings. In 2011, SINOPEC completed 2D seismic measurements of 18,583 kilometers and 3D seismic measurement of 11,361 square kilometers and drilled exploration wells with a total footage of 21,741 kilometers in Proved reserves of oil and gas increased by 411 million barrels of oil equivalent for the year. In 2011, SINOPEC produced 408 million barrels of oil and gas equivalent, and produced 303 million barrels of crude and billion cubic meters of natural gas in China. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 63 CCOP Technical Secretariat

67 2.4 Activities of China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) In 2011, CNOOC had net proved reserves of 3.19 billion BOE, including approximately 0.27 billion BOE, and total net oil and gas production of 909,000 BOE per day, including 49,270 BOE per day. In 2011, CNOOC continued its efforts in exploration and achieved a high record in the amount of investments in exploration, drilling and 3D seismic data collection work. CNOOC s exploration work has produced fruitful results with a reserve replacement ratio reaching 158%. In 2011, CNOOC s exploration made an aggregate of 13 new discoveries and successfully appraised 18 oil and gas structures in offshore China. CNOOC also achieved remarkable results of 3 new discoveries and 2 successfully appraised oil and gas structures overseas. In 2011, new discoveries were made in core areas mainly included Kenli 9-1, Bozhong 34-3 and Bozhong 34-4 in Bohai as well as Weizhou 12-1S and Weizhou 11-7N in Western South China Sea. To ensure resource replacement, CNOOC conducted exploration in core areas while continuing to explore new areas and new exploration targets. Regarding exploration activities in new areas and new exploration targets, CNOOC strengthened regional research and basic research activities in CNOOC mainly focused on certain key technologies, and achieved major breakthroughs in new areas such as shallow lithologic traps with large coverage and high-temperature and high-pressure natural gas. First, drilling works were carried out in Bohai around the Shijiutuo uplift area and lithologic trap structures with successful appraisals for Qinhuangdao 33-2 and Qinhuangdao 33-3, further expanded the scale of this type of oil and gas reservoirs. Secondly, the drilling works of Panyu 10-4W oil and gas structures in Eastern South China Sea revealed significant potential from the shallow formation of the Pearl River Basin. Thirdly, the Dongfang 13-1 middle formation of Yinggehai Basin in Western South China Sea was successfully appraised and resulted in higher trial production. The breakthrough in high-temperature and high-pressure natural gas, in particular, is expected to bring a new chapter of exploration for natural gas to the area. Fourthly, fracturing tests were conducted successfully in the gas reservoir which has low porosity and permeability in East China Sea, creating opportunities for oil and gas reservoirs with low porosity and permeability by bringing a new age of exploration to the area. These achievements have demonstrated the potential in offshore China and serve as examples for future exploration work in the area. After attaining a better understanding of the geological structure in offshore China, CNOOC expects the area to continue to be a major source for its sustainable growth in the future. In addition, CNOOC made its first commercial discovery, Wushi 17-2 of Wushi sag, in the Western South China Sea, and the area may be developed into a new oil zone. The successful discovery and appraisal of the oil and gas structures of Enping 23-1 resulted in expansion of Enping sag in the Eastern South China Sea. In 2011, through carrying out the research on reservoirs, refining water flooding, and enhancing the hourly production rate from oil and gas fields, CNOOC has been able to maintain a steady growth of oil and gas production from the producing fields, realizing a net production of million BOE. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 64 CCOP Technical Secretariat

68 In 2011,CNOOC focused on moving ahead with the Lufeng 13-2 adjustment project. The project commenced production at the end of 2011 with a daily peak production volume of 33 thousand BOE. Working with full steam on the regional development model, Weizhou 6-9/6-10 oil fields expected to begin production in 2012 CNOOC had a heavy-loaded engineering construction program with over 10 new projects under construction in 2011, major projects expected to commence production in 2012 include Panyu 4-2/5-1 adjustment project, Weizhou 6-9/6-10, Yacheng 13-4 and Liuhua 4-1. Other new projects under construction, including Suizhong 36-1 phase II adjustment and Kenli 3-2 regional development, are expected to commence production after In 2011, facing with unprecedented challenges in development and production, CNOOC focused on the following areas to offset the production shortfall and accomplished its adjusted annual production target: (1) fully maximizing the production capacity of producing oil and gas fields (2) managing the production of new projects. (3) actively responding to emergencies and collaborating with various parties.(4) minimizing the impact of typhoons. In 2011, CNOOC s net oil and gas production amounted to million BOE. Overseas development, operations are mainly in Asia, Africa, Oceania, North America and South America. CNOOC has shifted from traditional oil and gas resources to unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale oil and gas as well as oil sands. Overseas reserves, production and oil and gas sales revenue account for 28.6%, 21.1% and 13.7% of CNOOC s total reserves, production and oil and gas sales revenue, respectively. In 2011, CNOOC s overseas development achieved the following: firstly, expansion of the shale oil and gas business in the U.S., secondly, expansion of the oil sands business in Canada, and thirdly, tapping into the Alberta Basin, a major basin to be developed in East Africa. In 2011, CNOOC continued to focus on the R&D of exploration, development and engineering of offshore oil and gas to secure stable growth in reserves and production. CNOOC has established a number of major projects on key technologies in 2011, mainly focusing on major technology aspects including: new areas and technologies for offshore oil exploration, efficient development and enhancement of oil recovery from offshore oilfield, deepwater oilfield development projects and exploration and development for low porosity and low permeability oil and gas fields. To provide strong technical support for new discoveries of oil and gas reserves and to maintain and increase oil and gas production, CNOOC increased the research and application of its exploration development technology in By using the new technology combined with exploration, drilling and testing, CNOOC successfully conducted drilling at the Bozhong wildcat, the deepest exploratory well in Bohai, at a depth of 5,141 meters with the discovery of natural gas, which substantially expanded the exploration territory of the Buried Hill Structure in Bohai. Oil pipeline acidizing technology was first applied to the horizontal wells in the Bohai oilfield, which effectively reduced pollution and improved the production capacity. In the Suizhong 36-1 oilfield, blockage removal technology for horizontal wells has been successfully applied to six production wells, enhancing the osmotic pressure of oil pay with increased yield. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 65 CCOP Technical Secretariat

69 2.5 Coalbed methane activities in China Activities of China United Coalbed Methane Corporation(CUCBMC) CUCBM is a state-operated enterprise which specializes in exploring, developing and utilizing coalbed methane. In 2011, CUCBM ran 12 exploration projects, which are mainly distributed in Shouyang, Panzhuang, South, North Shizhuang, Qinyuan, Daning, Liulin, Linxing CBM block in Shanxi province, Suzhou and East Panxie CBM block in Anhui province, Enhong CBM block in Yunnan province, Fengcheng CBM block in Jiangxi province. CUCBM have accomplished a two-dimensional earthquake for about 700 kilometers, 165 vertical wells and a pair of horizontal wells, and submitted the proved reserves of 58 billion cubic meters. Also CUCBM ran 5 development projects, have finished 750 vertical wells, 8 pairs of horizontal wells, and built flow pipelines for 560 wells and gas transmission pipelines for kilometers. In 2011, CUCBM has made a total production of 400 million cubic meters. As a national corporation of coalbed methane industry in China, CUCBM is the sponsor and the initiator of Large Oil-gas Field and Coalbed Methane Developing Special Project which belongs to National Science & Technology Major Project, China. CUCBM is carrying out four programs which are Gathering-delivering and Monitoring Techniques Research in CBM Field, CBM developing Technology research and Equipment development in the Deep Coal Seam, CBM Vertical Well Developing Demonstration Project in the Southern Qinshui Basin, CBM Developing Demonstration Project in the Eastern Margin of the Erdos Basin. In 2011, CUCBM hds accomplished research of the skid-mounted liquefaction equipment with the capacity of 15,000 cubic meters per day and the highly efficient dustremoving and water-removing equipment, also acquired the new-type CBM gatheringdelivering technique with Multipoint Access and Flexible Gathering Technique, CBM nitrogen foam fracturing technology, Double-step horizontal well developing CBM technology, CBM Water-power deep penetrating technology, and also applied the new-type clean fracture fluid in production field. All of the new technologies have promoted the efficient development of CBM in China. Up to 2011, CUCBM owned 1,900 wells in total, with proved reserves of 107 billion cubic meters and 1,100 million cubic meters of production capacity per year. By the end of 2015, the proved reserves will reach 300 billion cubic meters, production capacity will exceeds 5 billion cubic meters per year, and production will be over 4 billion cubic meters per year. 3.GROUNDWATER PROGRAMME 3.1 Summary In 2011, several hydro-geological projects were carried out, including groundwater dynamic investigation and evaluation on the main plains/basins in North China, groundwater investigation and safety of water supply demonstration in the drought and water-shortage areas as well as endemic areas, groundwater investigation, evaluation and survey in the karst areas of Southwest China, groundwater contamination investigation, evaluation and control, as well as investigation and evaluation on geothermal resources throughout the country. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 66 CCOP Technical Secretariat

70 3.2 Annual Review of Groundwater Activities Groundwater dynamic investigation and evaluation of main plains/ basins in North China In order to further advance the investigation and evaluation on groundwater dynamic, more than 30 new main regional sections of groundwater automatic monitoring sites were established at the seven main plains/basins in 2011, such as North China Plain, Songneng Plain, Lower Liaohe Plain, Ordos Basin, Yinchuan Plain, Gansu Corridor and Junggar Basin. The investigation and evaluation systems on the groundwater dinamics of all plains/basins had been further completed. Since the implementation from 2006, 1:100,000 hydro-geological investigation with 130,000 km 2 and regional hydrogeology drilling with 33,000 meters had had been totally completed; 52 main monitoring sections of regional groundwater with the monitoring area of 670,000 km 2 had been established; 824 automatic monitoring wells were newly established or recovered. This work will provide an important basis for monitoring and protection, and for groundwater contamination and the geological environment Groundwater investigation and safe water supply demonstration in the drought and water-shortage areas as well as endemic areas The groundwater investigation and safe water supply demonstration in the endemic areas were carried out by China Geology Survey (CGS) in 2011, including the Datong Basin, Hetao Basin, Yinchuan Plain and Sichuan province. The demonstrations on the Kaschin-Beck Disease area in Sichuan province had been implemented through the signatures with Ministry of Land and Resources and Sichuan Provincial People's Government in 2008 to solve the drinking safety problems in long-term for the people in Kaschin-Beck Disease area of Aba county. Within three and a half years, a total of 658 water supply wells were drilled successfully to solve the drinking safety problems of 160,000 Tibetan compatriots in the 27 Kaschin-Beck Disease counties of Sichuan province. From 2011 s winter to 2012 s spring, some areas of Shandong, Henan, Hebei and Shanxi provinces in China encountered extremely dry conditions. The Chinese government organized 17 geological survey units to oversee the well drilling. Nearly 10,000 people and more than 1,000 geophysical prospecting and drilling equipment were involved in the activities for a period of more than 70 days. A total of 2,349 exploratory boreholes with 333,000 meters and 111% completion rate had been drilled within the working area of 200,000 m 2, and 2,227 wells completed with 94.7% average well completion percent, and the total water yield reached 1,165,000m 3 /day. These water wells resolved the problems for the drinking water of more than 2.2 million people and irrigating water of 500,000 acres farmland, and also provided safety guarantee of domestic water in a long time for the people in the water-shortage areas Karst water evaluation, survey and exploration in Southwest China 1:50,000 hydro-geological surveys within an area of nearly 50,000 km 2 in 10 typical karst watersheds were completed by the Project of hydro-geological, environmental geological surveys in the karst areas of Southwest China. Since 2003, a total 1:50,000 hydrogeological surveys within an area of 200,000 km 2 in 89 typical karst watersheds hve been completed. Many karst groundwater demonstration projects were established to solve the drinking water problems for more than 1 million people and for 500,000 acres of farmland irrigation. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 67 CCOP Technical Secretariat

71 3.2.4 Investigation, assessment and control of groundwater contamination The investigation and assessment of groundwater contamination in eastern China Plain has been carried out by China Geological Survey(CGS) since Groundwater evaluation results show that trace organic compounds and heavy metals can be detected in groundwater in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta, etc., but the detectable rate is low. The database for groundwater contamination investigation in the main eastern China Plains with total of 37 various examination tables and 140,641 record numbers had been established, including original material database and comprehensive results database for the groundwater contamination investigation of the North China Plain, Yangtze River Delta region, Huaihe River Basin and Pearl River Delta region. This includes 4,159,018 effective data items in total, 174 digital results diagrams and 181 single-factor layers. The contaminated groundwater is difficult to remediate. In order to protect valuable groundwater resources, the State Council issued the National Contamination Groundwater Prevention Plan in October According to the Plan, China will invest $5.48 billion to protect and treat groundwater from 2011 to Evaluation and assessment of national geothermal resources The Requirements on Evaluation Technology on Shallow Geothermal Energy Investigation and corresponding technical training as well as a report on Assessment of Nationwide Geothermal Resources Potential were made by the China Geological Survey. For the evaluation of shallow geothermal energy investigation of key cities and the hightemperature geothermal resources investigation along the Qinghai-Tibet Railways, 1:50,000 scale hydro-geological mapping of 10,578 km 2, 1:50,000 hydro-geochemical survey of 341 km 2 and hydro-geological drilling totalling 81,913m has been completed. For the evaluation of shallow geothermal energy investigation, the on-site thermal response test, pumping and recharging test as well as geotechnical physical and thermo-physical tests had been carried out in 29 cities. GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR 4. GEO-HAZARDS PROGRAMME 4.1 Summary Twelve (12) geo-hazards projects and 35 work projects were organised in 2011 with funds of RMB128 million. 4.2 Annual Review of Geohazards Activities National geo-hazards investigation and comprehensive study By the comprehensive summarizing of the results of geo-hazards investigations, the Regulations for Landslide, Collapse and Mudslides Disaster Investigation, Regulations for Geo-hazards Exploration in Key Towns and Regulations for Geo-hazards Investigation have been compiled and completed so as to provide the basis for the successful implementation of special plans. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 68 CCOP Technical Secretariat

72 The information concerning the details of geo-hazards investigations in 115 counties, and the fast query and statistical analysis of the information and results of geo-hazard investigations were realized, so as to provide strong supports for the compilation of national geo-hazards prevention plans and regional geo-hazards prevention and mitigation in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan. By the systematic summary of the investigation and research results on ground subsidence and ground fissures, the reports on prevention and control of national ground subsidence were compiled and the The Third National Ground Subsidence Control Academic Forum was held to significantly improve the ground subsidence prevention and control level in China. The 1:50,000 scale geo-hazards investigation in seven counties was completed with the investigated areas of about 5,000 square kilometers. The integration for the details of the geo-hazards investigation had been completed in Yan'an city, Baoji city and Qingjiang River Basin so as to more deeply understood the development characteristics of geo-hazards Investigation and evaluation of earth crust stability in major national engineering areas The geostress survey and real-time monitoring of ground stress for the 600m deep hole system had been carried out in the southeast of Beijing and Pingdu city, Shandong. Also, two micro-seismic monitoring stations were arranged in Beijing Huangzhuang - Gaoliying fault zone and Sunhe - Nankou fault zone for the first time Geo-hazards monitoring and early warning Demonstration on geo-hazards monitoring and early warning in Ailaoshan region The main work was to carry out research on the early warning model of the pointsuch as maximum potential degree, field supplementary investigation in the points with recent geo-hazards, inspection and maintenance of geo-hazards monitoring instruments and the maintenance of rain gauges. The meteorological early warning of geo-hazards in the flood season and the early warning system and information distribution system, as well as the realtime monitoring work, etc was carried out. Five landslide disaster points with the installation of various types of 96 landslide monitors were selected; the installation of 35 automatic telemetering pluviographs had been completed; a set of GIS-based regional rainfall type of early warning and analysis system for landslide and debris flow had been researched and developed, and an early warning and forecasting model had been established to realize the meteorological early warning and forecasting services for the geo-hazards according to regional statistical theory and regional dynamics theory Demonstration for geo-hazards monitoring and early warning in Yaan region The main work was to carry out the research on the early warning model for the landslide induced by earthquakes and the formation mechanism of typical landslides induced by rainfall, research on the meteorological early warning of geo-hazards in the flood season, also on the improvement of the early warning system and information distribution system, and the real-time monitoring work. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 69 CCOP Technical Secretariat

73 Geo-hazards monitoring and early warning in Yan'an city The main work was to carry out research on the criterion of regional rainfall and the inspection and maintenance of geo-hazards monitoring instruments in the Baota region, and their operation for the geo-hazards monitoring and early warning system in Baota region. The research on the rainfall threshold that can result in loess slumping was carried out in Yan'an region, and the loess slump disasters induced by rainfall infiltration were researched respectively according to three modes, i.e. the loess slump disaster induced by slow infiltration, loess slump disaster induced by infiltration block, and loess slump disaster induced by through infiltration Geo-hazards monitoring and early warning in Fengjie county The main activities were to carry out the inspection and maintenance for the urban geo-hazards monitoring instruments, complete the construction tasks of 55 GPS monitoring points, and establish the monitoring network of 5 landslide points Research and development and demonstration of monitoring techniques for geohazards prevention as operated by the general public. The transmission station of geo-hazards monitoring and early warning, satellite monitoring and warning system, geo-hazards multi-functional alarm, acoustic warning device of debris flow and protective screen warning system of collapse debris flow had been developed and assembled; More than 20,000 units of monitoring and warning equipment were produced; The application demonstration on monitoring techniques for the prevention of geohazards as operated by the public was carried out in Sichuan and Yunnan to establish early warning mechanisms and management and operational modes; The early warning information distribution and management system for the prevention operated by the general populace was established and improved in Zhaotong city. Moreover, the knowledge disssemination website on monitoring and warning techniques for the prevention of geo-hazards was established. 5. ENVIRONMENT GEOLOGY PROGRAMME 5.1 Summary In 2011, China collected the previous geological investigation data within the working area in the five main coastal economic zones, i.e. Bohai Economic Rim, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Western Taiwan Straits Economic Zone and Beibu Gulf, and the urban agglomeration in the middle reach of the Yangtze River, also compilation of 1: 250,000 geological environment series maps of bedrock geology, Quaternary geology, hydrogeology, engineering geology and environmental geology was completed through combining with the field investigation work. Proposals on strategy were presented with the analysis of major geological environmental problems in order to provide the geological basis for the regional economic and social development plans. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 70 CCOP Technical Secretariat

74 5.2. Annual Review of Activities Environmental geological investigation and evaluation of important economic zones and urban agglomeration The positive results of the specific investigation for the active fault, coastal erosion deposition, karst collapse and other major environmental geological problems had been obtained through the 1:50,000 environmental geological investigation in the Caofeidian, Binhai New Area of Tianjin and other key areas. For example, the investigation of Circum- Bohai Sea Economic Zone provided an important basis for the addressing development of international ecological town, seawall design, and construction of coastal highways. The investigation for the urban agglomeration in the Western Taiwan Straits Economic Zone and the middle reach of the Yangtze River provided fundamental data for the planning and construction of a comprehensive experimental zone in Fuzhou, ground subsidence in Wuhan, prevention and control of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan soil and water contamination, and the emergency water supply in Poyang Lake Economic Zone. Work also focused on the promotion of information from the geological investigation of eight cities such as Chongqing, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Tangshan and so on through combining the geological investigation of 1:50,000 hydrogeology, engineering geology and environmental geology in key areas. The construction pilots for the three-dimensional geological environmental information system of Wuhan Metropolitan Area and Caofeidian Industrial Zone was completed, thus it provides a technical support platform for the realization of cluster industrialization of the geological data information services. The construction of geological environmental information system in the pilot area of Wuhan Metropolitan Area was completed, a three-dimensional geological model was established with an automatic modeling method. The pilot work for the information system construction of Caofeidian Industrial Zone was completed and the pilot work at science and technology demonstration hall was carried out in the Caofeidian Industrial Zone. At the same time, application of the information system in the implementation of the project provided direct technical support for the project. 5.3 Study on geological investigation for climate change Evaluation and assessment of national geothermal resources. The potential estimation for the shallow geothermal energy resources of China was completed. Specifically, the shallow geothermal energy resources of China are equivalent to 9.5 billion tons of standard coal, the annually available resources are equivalent to 350 million tons of standard coal, and therefore 650 million tons of carbon dioxide emission can be reduced in case of full utilization. According to the evaluation of shallow geothermal energy resources of Tianjin and the work experience in the development and utilization pilot, the evaluation of national shallow geothermal energy resources was completely started in 29 capital cities, and the field work for the evaluation of shallow geothermal energy resources was basically completed in the 12 capital cities started in the first batch. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 71 CCOP Technical Secretariat

75 5.3.2 Evaluation and demonstration projects of national carbon dioxide geological storage potential. The carbon dioxide geological storage potential in deep saline formations, oil fields, gas fields and CBM fields in China, and the atlas for the evaluation on potential and suitability of carbon dioxide geological storage of 165 sedimentary basins was basically compiled. The construction for the demonstration project of Erdos carbon dioxide geological storage was completed by cooperating with Shenhua Group with the safe injection of more than 10,000 tons carbon dioxide, the monitoring system for the migration and escape of carbon dioxide was primarily established to provide demonstration experience for the implementation of carbon dioxide geological storage in China Evaluation of nationwide geological carbon sequestration potential. The total annual karst carbon sequestration with 37 million tons in China was recalculated through field investigation and monitoring of four types of areas, i.e. the southern karst area, northern karst area, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau karst area and Buried karst area in China, so as to more scientifically and comprehensively reflect the distribution of carbon sequestration in the current karst areas of China. The study on carbon sequestration shows that weathering basalt in China had a large potential for carbon sequestration, which can be in line with the level of karst carbon sequestration; and the experimental study found a microbial technology which can significantly accelerate the carbon sequestration of ultrabasic rock tailings, and therefore the technical and economic feasibility for the carbon sequestration of tailings was improved Study on geological record of ancient climate changes. A breakthrough was obtained in the study on high-resolution geological records of ancient climate changes. The time series for the high-resolution monsoon climate change since 1200 years was established according to the stalagmite records, and revealed two times of the drought and cold events of century scale. The sporopollen environmental records with the resolution of 50a for the peat since 2000 were obtained in Mianning, Sichuan Province in the eastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. GEO-INFORMATION SECTOR 6. GEO-DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME 6.1 Summary The main objectives and tasks in geo-information work at the China Geological Survey (CGS) in 2011 and 2012 were as follows: Pushing forward the ongoing geo-information resource accumulation, enhancing the solid base for geo-information service, integrating all kinds of geo-information resources with the national geo-database system and completing the core database of national land and resources in one map. Setting up the national geo-archive and geo-data service system together with data updating and system maintenance and producing a series of geo-information products to meet the needs of the country were important tasks. Upgrading the information technology application level, and formalizing the main procedures for informationization of both geological survey and geo-information service in a cluster were additional priorities. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 72 CCOP Technical Secretariat

76 6.2. Annual Review of Activities Geo-information and service Geo-information work at CGS in 2011 and 2012 has made good progress in capacity building for geo-informatization in the whole procedure of geological survey and national geo-database development, database updating and maintenance. The main achievements were as follows: Optimization of general platform of digital geological survey system Functions of the general base platform of the digital geological survey system in CGS have been expanded and optimized. Research on 3-D and multi-dimension geological modeling has also been carried out. A multi-dimension geo-spatial data model and interoperability scheme have been proposed. The swap file layout has been defined and a test of multi-dimension geological modeling has been launched Geological survey information grid A geological survey information grid (GSI-GRID) platform has been developed which consists of 17 distributed nodes based on GRID and Cloud GIS and other leading information technology. The platform is the biggest geo-grid of China and can be used to integrate management of mass and heterogeneous spatial data and provide national public geological information services Informatization of national geological survey work deployment CGS Office System has been optimized and expanded with application in several regional centers. A project management system, work deployment assistant system and remote monitoring and control system for field work safety have made progress and been put into application. The technical framework consisting of service, work deployment, production monitoring and schedule control has been set up and has already promoted cooperation and sharing ability for geo-spatial information within CGS Geo-environment early warning system The general design of functions, system architecture, and security mechanism and so on of a geo-environment warning system has been completed. Some modules of data processing have been developed, such as frequency of geo-disaster, rainfall and warning result diagnoses. A test service node has been set up Real time transmission system All Light real time transmission system which is suitable for geological survey work has been developed and launched. The system has the ability to transfer video, audio and data to the backbone network of the China Geological Survey. The pilot of management service and safety guarantee system for geological survey based on Beidou satellite and IP satellite technology has been accomplished. The system for either truck-based or portable use has been optimized in application. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 73 CCOP Technical Secretariat

77 6.2.7 Application study on information technology utilization in geological survey Some key and advanced information technology has been studied for possible application in geological survey, such as Internet of Things for geological survey and achievements management, digital watermarking for intellectual property management, work flow for geological work deployment, 3D grid for geo-earth and so on. A series of tool systems have been developed National geo-database development, updating and maintenance National geo-database Development of the digital 1:50000 geological map database is still on-going, and 360 sheets have been digitized, coordinated and put into the database during 2011 with an achievement of a total of 3079 sheets finished by the end of The national spatial data base of 1: geological maps has been finished and consists of 375 sheets of newly mapped data in which there are 122 sheets in Tibetan plateau. Over 30,000 sheets from 33 measuring areas of aerial images have been scanned and the quantity has reached 11TB. Several national databases have been updated, such as the work index database, mineral deposits and ore field database, geo-information metadata database and work deployment of geological survey database. A framework of integrated management for the geo-databases has been designed Core specimen collecting and geological drill-hole database Some 20 kilometers of important core specimens have been collected and scanned in to a database in A investigation covered 1219 work units for drill hole information and around drill holes were checked, which has laid a solid information basement for national geological drill hole database development. A trial drill-hole database has also been investigated and about meters geological drill data have been collected Geo-archive digitization and geo-literature database 10,000 volumes of geo-archive and 25,000 volumes of geo-literature have been digilized. The total numbers of digital geo-archive and geo-literature records have reached more that and volumes respectively National Geo-information service Integration of national geo-databases and digital geo-archives has been continuously carried out in environmental geology, marine geology, aero-geophysics, underground water, exploration techniques, geo-scientific researches, geo-literatures, geological specimens and so on, in order to insure a steady servicer and digital geo-information production release. Some service-clusters have been built up for testing in several provincial organizations and some organizations under the CGS, in which key techniques such as data and information sharing, big data transformation, 3D visualization, etc. have been tested for suitability and reliability. Geo-archive catalogues for services in the China Geological Survey have also been cleared up. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 74 CCOP Technical Secretariat

78 Cooperation between CGS and CCOP China has provided solid support through CGS for CCOP in the field of geoinformation especially in the training of CCOP geo-information metadata standard and webbased data managing software CCOP-GIMS both in Malaysia and Cambodia and also daily software system maintenance in the past 12 months. CGS has launched a project on Integrated Geophysical Data Processing (IGDP) for CCOP this year as planned, in order to enhance ability building in the field of geo-data management and processing. Software modification and translation into English has been done and a user manual is also ready. A training course before the end of this year will be held in China for CCOP and also ASEAN countries. CGS has also finished the design of an office automation system for CCOP Technical Secretariat as asked, and will start the construction work next year. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 75 CCOP Technical Secretariat

79 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia Member Country Report of INDONESIA Submitted by DELEGATION OF INDONESIA (For Agenda Item 3) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 76 CCOP Technical Secretariat

80 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) , Fax: +66 (0) , Website: ANNUAL MEMBER COUNTRY REPORT Country: INDONESIA Period: 1 July June 2012 GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR 1. MINERAL PROGRAMME 1.1. Summary World market prices for some mineral commodities have tended to increase recently caused by political turmoil and economic policies in some countries and this has triggered an increase in mineral exploration activities in Indonesia. Various local and foreign companies continue to engage in intensive exploration activity. The Miwah project in Aceh, Belu Manganese Project in the Belu Regency of West Timor, Lakuwahi project on Romang Island, the Randu Kuning project in Wonogiri Regency, Suruh and Timahan prospect, Trenggalek Regency, Soro Arc Exploration in East Sumbawa, Tumpangpitu project, Banyuwangi Regency and the Tembang Gold and Silver Project in Central Sumatera are several projects that are still ongoing and are expected to find new resources of metallic minerals in Indonesia. China s policy of termination of rare earth exports has increased the price of these raw materials for worldwide high technology usage. These resulted in a shift in demand for mineral commodities which also affect mining activities in Indonesia. The Geological Agency of Indonesia is actively conducting REE exploration in anticipation of providing preliminary REE exploration data and information. Resources and reserves of metallic minerals continue to change with exploration and production activities of existing companies. Of these, Grasberg, Batuhijau, Gosowong, Pongkor is still the largest contributor of resources, reserves and production as well as gold and or copper in Indonesia. While Soroako, Pomalaa, Weda Bay, P. Gag and Tanjung Buli is the largest contributor of resources and reserves of nickel. Total resources and reserves of some metallic minerals in Indonesia as atl 2011are described in table 1. No. Commodities Total Resources (ton) Total Reserves (ton) Remarks 1 Nickel Ore 2 Tin , ,10 Metal 3 Bauxite , ,00 Ore 4 Copper , ,13 Metal 5 Gold 6.805, ,77 Metal Table 1. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 77 CCOP Technical Secretariat

81 1.2. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities During mid-late 2010 until mid-early 2012, The Geological Agency as a government institution in charge of compiling an inventory of mineral resources and exploration in order to provide preliminary data, has been conducting an investigation in some selected areas with different types of mineral commodities such as lead, gold, bauxite, iron sand, ree. nickel, and copper. To implement the cooperative project of Geochemical Mapping and Mineral Resources Assessment Research in Sumatra Island, Indonesia between the China Geological Survey, Ministry of Land and Resources of the People s Republic of China and the Geological Agency of Indonesia, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of Indonesia, a 1 st phase was carried out during in West Sumatera Province. The metallic mineral inventory in Sangihe Islands and Sitaro Islands, North Sulawesi found several mineralization indications; haematite at Kawaluso, malachite mineralization at Lipang, advanced argillic alteration, piritization and malachite staining at northern Sangihe and Nusa Tabukan Islands, argillic alteration containing 171 ppb Au at Beeng Darat and Beeng Laut and gold and cinnabar in pan concentrate at Biaro island and Siau island. Base on secondary data, gold resources were found at Binebase-Bawone and iron sand at Kaluare- Kalasuge, Naha-Kaluare and Sensong-Lesahe In Bukit Batu Balai and Takalong, Sekayam District, Sanggau Regency, 2 vein type mineralization zones were discovered : gold mineralization (Au 17,620 ppb from rock sample) in barite and quartz vein, copper mineralization(cu 47,037 ppm from rock sample) in quartz vein. Gold, cassiterite and garnet are found in pan concentrates from several locations. A drilling program at Blitar Regency found chalcopyrite filled cracks at interval 430,40 430,55 m and 450,20 450,80 m. Field obeservations at Jayapura area indicated nickel, chrome metallic mineralisation that is prospective to be developed,. Mineralization indications in Pronojiwohaharu dan Lewa districts, East Sumba Regency were observed from float of quartz veins containing pyrite, chacopyrite, azurite and gold in pan concentrates at 3 locations. The mineralization is interpreted to result from hydrothermal processes in andesitic-basaltic volcanic rock. In Moyo hulu, Plampang and Tarano dsitricts, Sumbawa Regency, alteration and mineralization occurred in Tertiary volcanic rocks and some gold mineralization was mined by local people. Mineralization indications are associated with quartz veins with vuggy texture, but not associated with copper. REE exploration at Sosortolong area, North Tapanuli, estimated REE resources at 3 block areas, to total ,4 tonnes. REE in soil samples have been analysed and significant results for Ce, La, and Pr were indicated, respectively (600 ppm 1400 ppm), ( ppm) and (600 ppm 1400 ppm). Iron sand exploration at West Lampung area resulted total resources of ,0795 ton concentrate containing 53,34 % Fe total and 12,73 %, TiO 2 from 4 block area being estimated. Bauxite exploration at Sanggau, West Kalimantan resulted indicated resources of m 3 containing average Al 2 O 3 51,17% Fe 2 O 3 11,6%, SiO 2 5,91% and TiO 2 1,49% at Engkitan-Seputau area and m 3 containing average Al 2 O 3 52,63% Fe 2 O 3 9,76%, SiO 2 3,57% and TiO 2 1,32% at Bukit Darwin area. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 78 CCOP Technical Secretariat

82 Programme Contact Person: Calvin Karo Karo Gurusinga Geological Agency of Indonesia Jl Sukarno Hatta 444 Bandung, West Java,Indonesia calvingurusinga@yahoo.com ; dsm@elga.net.id Phone : ; Fax : ENERGY PROGRAMME 2.1. HYDROCARBON Summary Indonesia, like most developing countries, is a fossil-fuel driven country. The primary energy source fueling Indonesia s economy continues to be oil at 50% in Coal consumption is becoming more widespread accounting for 24% as the second most consumed fuel, surpassing gas at 20%. Coal will be the primary domestic energy source, particularly to fuel new power generation capacity. Hydro and other renewable sources share 6% in the total energy mix. Indonesia s crude oil production has been declining since 1998, due to maturation of the country s largest oil fields and failure to develop new, comparable resources. Oil production of existing fields naturally declines by approximately 12% per year. By making continuousl efforts, this production decline could be controlled and limited to about 3% per year. According to the Directorat General Oil and Gas, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, the total of Indonesian oil reserves in 2011 was 7,732 million barrels, consisting of proven reserves of 4,040 million barrels and potential reserves of 3,693 million barrels. With the total production of 339 million barrel a year in 2010, this means that the proven reserves are sufficient for only about 12 years if additional proven reserves are not acquired. Additional oil reserves could be found through the successful implementation of EOR technologies in potential fields and by exploration drilling in hydrocarbon basins which are not yet explored. In contrast with oil production, Indonesia s gas production has been increasing since 2007 and is still expected to grow further in the coming years. The increase of gas production is prioritized for domestic needs. The total of Indonesian gas reserves in 2010 amounted to 153 trillion cubic feet, comprised of proven reserves 105 trillion cubic feet and potential reserves 48 trillion cubic feet. With the total production 3196 billion cubic feet a year in 2010, it means that the proven reserves will last for only about 33 years if there are no new discoveries. Driven by the fact that the reserves replacement ratios (RRR) for oil and gas are only 36% and 41% respectively, while domestic consumption does not show a significant decrease, efforts have been prompted to develop unconventional hydrocarbon resources in addition to renewable energy resources. In recent years, acceptance of coal bed methane (CBM) as an alternative natural gas supply is evidenced by the increasing number of operating area licenses issued by the government. The first gas production for electricity from CBM is targeted for the end of Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 79 CCOP Technical Secretariat

83 Included in unconventional gas is shale-gas. Based on the results of temporary identification, Indonesian shale-gas resources are in four regions of Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan and Papua. The government began compiling the rules of law to facilitate the development of this resource. During the period of this report, Indonesia has carried out collaboration with worldwide organizations to investigate the potential for deployment and development of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in Indonesia, which offers great potential for reducing CO 2 emissions from large point source emitters, such as coal-fired power plants and oil and gas processing plants Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Indonesian oil and gas reserves status on 1 January 2010, taken as the aggregate of proven and potential reserves is 7,764 million barrel of oil and 157 trillion cubic feet of gas. Almost all of the oil fields in Indonesia have been at the highest peak production and now are in a decreasing condition. To increase the oil production, the government is trying increasing oil recovery from brown fields. Some efforts which are being carried out include improving production tools reliability to decrease unplanned shutdown, increasing operational efficiency, and optimizing production facility, infill drilling, and EOR implementation. To accelerate development of EOR, the Executive Agency for upstream Oil and Gas Business Activities (BPMIGAS) asked all Production Sharing Contract Contractor(s) (KKKS), who have been producing, to implement EOR. For example, Chevron Pacific Indonesia will process Minas Field for chemicals, Medco will implement EOR in Kaji- Semoga Field, and also Pertamina E&P in Tanjung Field. The Minas and Kaji chemical pilot tests will be carried out within this year. The success of EOR technology implementation is quite considerable remembering that recently the remaining oil in-place in Indonesia was still about 44,938 million barrels. If EOR succeeds in increasing the recovery factor by 10 %, then there will be additional reserves of about 4, 494 million barrels. This addition is a little more than the 2011 national proven oil reserves. Indonesia s gas production has grown at an average annual rate of about 1.5% over the last decade. In 2011, Indonesia produced 3.1 trillion cubic feet of gas. An increasingly large majority of Indonesia s gas production has come from non-associated fields in recent years, with associated gas accounting for about 14% of gross production in The most significant areas for current natural gas production are: East Kalimantan s offshore fields, particularly the Mahakam PSCs operated by Total South Sumatera, particularly the onshore Corridor PSC operated by Conoco Philips South Natuna Sea, offshore Block B operated by Conoco Philips Papu, the offshore Muturai and Berau PSCs operated by BP The development of gas dominates the oil and gas projects in Indonesia during the period 2012 through The production design capacity for those projects is 1,068 million cubic feet of gas per day, 175,150 barrel of oil per day. Those projects are listed in Table 2. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 80 CCOP Technical Secretariat

84 Table 2: Current oil and gas projects No. Project Designed Capacity Production Commenced 1. Tunu 13 C Gas: 100 MMSCFD Oil: 800 BOPD Peciko 7B Gas: 220 MMSCFD Terang Sirasun Gas: 300 MMSCFD Sumpal Gas: 40 MMSCFD Rubi Gas: 50 MMSCFD South Mahakam Gas: 202 MMSCFD Banyu Urip Oil: BOPD Ande-Ande Lumut Oil: 4300 BOPD Madura BD Gas: 100 MMSCFD Oil: 750 BOPD Kepondang Gas: 116 MMSCFD 2014 In finding oil and gas reserves, exploration consisting seismic survey and exploration drilling is undertaken. In 2011, exploration drilling was done in 99 wells of 237 planned wells. The number of development wells reached 905 higher than programmed of 895 wells as shown in Figure 6. Recently, it is noted that KKKS operating in Indonesia is 256 KKKS, in which 67 KKKS are in production, while 157 KKKS are in exploration and 50 KKKS are CBM. In the last 3 years, the bidding for oil and gas working areas tends to decrease due to lack of good quality data. To encourage investors to be interested in developing oil and gas in Indonesia, the government has to try to improve such data, especially survey and seismic data quality. To address this issue, a workshop organized by the Geological Agency of Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources was held on June 2011 to set up a Road Map for Upstream Exploration of Oil and Gas. CBM exploration and development has intensified in Indonesia in recent years, particularly since the first Production Sharing Contracts were awarded in At the same time gas prices have risen sharply, to $11/Mcf in Central Sumatra and $15/Mcf in East Kalimantan. (Note that gas prices are 5 to 10 times higher than in North America.) In March 2011 BP and ENI (VICO) established the country s first commercial CBM production, exporting liquefied natural gas from the under-utilized Bontang liquefaction facility to the high-priced north Asia markets. This project established the world s first export of CBM-to-LNG, several years ahead of the Australian plants under construction. ENI estimated CBM production could reach 420 MMcfd by 2020 from their 13-Tcf block. ExxonMobil, TOTAL, Dart Energy, and Santos also are testing CBM PSC s, some quite close to CBM Asia s interests. To date, there are 52 active CBM Production Sharing Contracts across 11 different basins. Figure 1 depicts Indonesia s CBM contract area map as of August Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 81 CCOP Technical Secretariat

85 Indonesia is developing unconventional gas (that is shale gas) besides CBM. Indonesian shale gas potency is predicted at around 574 TSCF. It is bigger than CBM, which is about 453 TSCF. Shale gas is gas generated from shale rock fragments or a place in which natural gas is formed. The process needed to change shale rock to becoming gas is about 5 years. The government now is compiling rules of law for shale gas development. Shale gas development is a matter previously never considered. However, by technology advance, this can now be developed. Based on identification result held by the government, there are 7 basins in Indonesia containing shale gas. The most basins are in Sumatera, namely Baong Shale, Telisa Shale, and Gumai Shale. While in Java Island and Kalimantan, shale gas is in 2 basins each. In Papua it is in the Klasafet formation. Up to now, the government has accepted the proposal of joint studies of shale gas from many investors. The expanded use of coal for power generation will significantly increase emission of CO 2. With regard to this, it is imperative for Indonesia to investigate options for Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in order to achieve the CO 2 emissions abatement target for Deployment and development of CCS in Indonesia is also enabling development of highly contaminated gas fields as, for instance, Natuna D Alpha. To anticipate the implementation of CCS technology in Indonesia, LEMIGAS has initiated development of a short-term R&D Roadmap. Last year, LEMIGAS has been successfully mapping potential geological formations for CO 2 storage across the country along with their storage capacity. LEMIGAS has also identified large stationary CO 2 sources in Indonesia. Another assessment was focused on CO 2 management of low-rank coal utilization in South Sumatera and East Kalimantan. Since CCS requires extensive funding, international support from worldwide organizations, such as IEA or ADB, plays an important role in funding CCS activities in Indonesia. With regard to this, the government of Indonesia is open for any kind of mutual cooperation for the benefit of both. An international workshop on Determining the Potential for Carbon Capture and Storage in Southeast Asia, organized jointly by Research and Development Center for Oil and Gas Technology LEMIGAS and Asia Development Bank (ADB), was held in Jakarta, 25 April Proposed Future Activities The growing fossil-fuel needs overshadowed by the decline of oil and gas production and the threat of disruptive climate change are major challenges in the energy sector. Key areas for international collaboration to address these issues are: Sharing best practice and lessons learnt in finding oil and gas in remote areas, such as the deep sea. Sharing best practice and lessons learnt from oil and gas brown fields development to maximaise recovery. Sharing best practices and lessons learnt from CCS projects in conjunction with EOR or enhanced gas recovery (EGR). Sharing best practices and lessons learnt in developing unconventional hydrocarbon resources, such as coalbed methane and shale gas. Continuously enhance collaboration to improve better understanding of CCS technologies. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 82 CCOP Technical Secretariat

86 2.2. GEOTHERMAL Summary Indonesia is a country that has abundant geothermal resources. They are mainly distributed along the Indonesian Volcanic Belts, however some are also associated with non volcanic environments (plutonic, sedimentray and tectonics). By December 2011, there were 285 geothermal locations with the total energy potential of about 29,215 MWe. These include 8,231 MWe of Speculative Resources, 4,964 MWe of Hypothetical Resources, 12,909 MWe of Possible Reserves, 823 MWe Probable Reserves and 2288 MWe of Proven Reserve. As of July 2012, thirty five (35) new working areas (WKP) have been issued by the Government, 12 WKP finish tender, 12 in bidding process, and 7 ready to bid. These areas include Jaboi (NAD), Seulawah Agam (NAD), Gunung Talang (West Sumatera), Bukit Kili (West Sumatera), Liki-Pinangawan-Muaralabuh (West Sumatera), Sipaholon-Ria (North Sumatera), Sorik Marapi-Roburan-Sampuraga (North Sumatera), Rantau Dadap (South Sumatera), Rajabasa (Lampung), Suoh Sekincou (Lampung), Tampomas (West Java), Cisolok Cisukarame (West Java), Tangkuban Parahu (West Java), Ungaran (Central Java), Ngebel Wilis (East Java), Blawan Ijen (East Java), Kaldera Danau (Banten), Guci (Central Java), Baturaden (Central Java), Hu u Daha (West Nusa Tenggara), Sokoria (East Nusa Tenggara), Atadei (East Nusa Tenggara), Jailolo (North Maluku), Songa Wayaua (North Maluku), Marana (Central Sulawesi), Suwawa (Gorontalo), Danau Ranau (Lampung), Bonjol (Sumatera Barat), Mataloko (NTT), Gunung Ciremai (Jawa Barat), and Gunung Endut (Banten), Bora-Pulu (Central Sulawesi), Telomoyo (Central Java), Way Ratai (Lampung) and Simbolon-Samosir (North Sumatera). Indonesia has a set of long term policies for development of geothermal energy, as embodied in the Geothermal Development Road Map of Indonesia envisions that by 2025, about five percent of our national energy needs will be met through the use of geothermal energy. So far, Indonesia only used 1,226 MWe at 7 locations of the available resources. This total installed capacity is less than 4 % of the total potential. These include 387 MWe in G. Salak, 200 MWe in Kamojang, 260 MWe in Darajat, 227 MWe in Wayang Windu, 60 MWe in Dieng, 80 MWe in Lahendong, and 12 MWe in Sibayak Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities The geothermal locations are still mainlyl in the stage of inventory survey (157 locations or 53,09%). To increase the status of survey and to accelerate geothermal development, in 2012 Geological Agency is conducting preliminary surveys, detailed surveys, heat flow surveys, and core hole temperature surveys. Preliminary Survey is conducted at 3 locations: Boalemo and Pohuwatu (Gorontalo), Mamuju (West Sulawesi), Bangka (Bangka Belitung). Detailed Survey is conducted at 6 locations: Simisioh (West Sumatera), Talu- Tombang (West Sumatera), Wai Umpu (Lampung and South Sumatera), Kawende (Central Sulawesi), Kadidia (Central Sulawesi) and G. Batur-Kintamani (Bali). Magnetotelluric survey is conducted at 6 locations: Bittuang (South Sulawesi), Suwawa (Gorontalo), Talu Tombang- Cubadak (West Sumatera), Kawende-Maranda (Central Sulawesi), Kadidia (Central Sulawesi) and Wapsalit (Maluku). Heat Flow Survey is conducted at 3 locations: Bittuang-Tana Toraja (South Sulawesi), Suwawa (Gorontalo), Lompi-Tambu (Central Sulawesi). Core hole temperature survey is conducted at 2 locations: Lainea (Southeast Sulawesi) and Bukit Kili- Gunung Talang (west Sumatera). Kepahiang (Bengkulu) and Bora (Central Sulawesi). Beside the survey activities, we evaluate 5 geothermal prospect areas (Bora Pulu-Central Sulawesi, Arjuno Welirang-East Java, Telomoyo-West Java, Kepahiang-Bengkulu, Gunung Lawu- Central Java) and examine the characteristic of non volcanic geothermal resources in South Sulawesi and Classification and Calculation of Potential of geothermal energy in Indonesia. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 83 CCOP Technical Secretariat

87 Also we conduct monitoring of exploration wells in Mataloko geothermal field in East Nusa Tenggara. The Geological Agency also had joint cooperation during fiscal year 2012 with the Japanese goverment (JICA) in Capacity Building for Enhancement of the Geothermal Exploration Technologies, with Indonesia University in geophysical study of geothermal resources, and Gadjah Mada University in evaluation of geothermal prospect areas. The Record of Discussions between Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and Government of Republic of Indonesia for the successful implementation of the Project for Capacity Building for Enhancement of the Geothermal Exploration Technologies was signed in Jakarta, Indonesia on July 7, COAL Summary During 2011, Geological Agency has proposed 30 commercial mining business areas (WUP) for coal in Sumatera, Kalimantan dan Papua and 4 working areas (WK) for CBM in Jambi, South Sumatera and South Kalimantan. For the past few decades, coal has acted as a buffer for conventional oil and gas that contribute to Indonesian energy demand and exports. Coal bed methane (CBM) and oil shale are the two alternative energy sources that have been considered as anticipated energy sources that are able to meet Indonesian energy demands in the future and their potential in Indonesia is continuosly revealed by several preliminary surveys and by drilling exploration conducted by Geological Agency. Resources and reserves of fossil energy comodities continue to change with the exploration and production activities of existing companies. Many private enterprises as well as state-owned coal companies (PT. Bukit Asam) based in Kalimantan and South Sumatera are still the largest contributors of coal resources, reserves and production in Indonesia. Total resources and reserves of fossil energy in Indonesia until 2011 is described in table 3 (data source: Geological Agency). No. Comodities Total Resources Total Reserves Remarks 1 Coal 161,000,000,000 (ton) 28,000,000,000 (ton) - 2 CBM 5,810,000,000 (cf) - potency 3 Oil Shale 11,458,000,000 (ton) - - Table Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities During the mid-late 2010 until mid-early 2012, Geological Agency as a government institution in charge of doing an inventory and exploration of fossil energy resources in the provision of preliminary data have been conducting an investigation in some selected areas with different types of fossil energy commodities such as coal, coal bed methane (CBM) and oil shale. Coal inventory and preliminary survey was focused in some of Indonesia s frontier areas such as in eastern Indonesia, tiny island and national border areas. The coal inventory of Papua concluded that coal was found in young formations (Neogene). In Kaimana, West Papua Province, the coal-bearing formation is Miocene Steenkool Formation. Coal seams with thickness less than 1 m have medium calorivic value ( cal/g). In Waropko, Papua Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 84 CCOP Technical Secretariat

88 Province, the coal-bearing formation is the Holo-Pleistocene Awin Formation. Coal with thickness up to 1,5 m has low calorivic value. Small occurences of coal were also found in some tiny islands in North Mollucas Province. In Taliabu Island, Jurassic coal was found forming several seams categorized as lignitic to sub bituminous coal. Meanwhile, in South Halmahera, lensoid coal seams of Middle Miocene age have low calorific value. Coal inventory in Indonesia-Malaysia border areas were conducted in Nanga Seran, Long Pupung and Sungai Apan. These activities concluded that coal in those areas, regardless of thickness, is of good quality (high-very high rank coal) and varies in age (Cretaceous to Miocene) Inferred resources were obtained by systematic coal drilling that was conducted in two areas in Tebo Regency, Jambi Province (Muara Kilis and Muara Tebo) in order to get prospecting areas and complete the national coal database in South Sumatera basin, particularly. Those activities was conducted in the Muaraenim Formation and revealed that coal formed several seams with high variety of thickness (up to 8,85 m) and belongs to lowhigh rank coal categories. CBM exploration drilling was conducted in 3 main coal basins in Indonesia, namely Ombilin Basin, South Sumatera Basin and Barito Basin. CBM Exploration drilling in Sawahlunto (Sawahlunto Formation) with total depth 428,65 m revealed 6 coal seams classified as low-very high rank coal. Based on gas content and composition measurement, total methane resources is 0,604 bcf from 111 ha area investigation. CBM exploration in Lahat (South Sumatera Basin) and Balangan (Barito Basin) is being conducted and some of laboratory analyses for gas content and quality determination are still in progress. The preliminary oil shale survey is conducted in several areas of interest in Indonesia, mainly in frontier basins such as Sibolga Basin, Melawi Basin and eastern Indonesia (Maluku Island and Papua Province). Programme Contact Person: Hydrocarbon Dr. Usman, M.Eng Researcher Research and Development Center for Oil and Gas Technology Lemigas Jl. Ciledug Raya Kav 109, Jakarta Phone Mobile upasarai@lemigas.esdm.go.id Geothermal and Coal Calvin Karo Karo Gurusinga Geological Agency of Indonesia Jl Sukarno Hatta 444 Bandung, West Java Indonesia calvingurusinga@yahoo.com ; dsm@elga.net.id Phone : ; Fax : Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 85 CCOP Technical Secretariat

89 3 GROUNDWATER PROGRAMME 3.1. Summary The Geological Agency has conducted: 1) Hydrogeological mapping at 1: Scale in Maluku, Sulawesi and Kalimantan; 2) Groundwater Survey which can be subdivided into several activities such as: Survey on groundwater resource potential of the groundwater basin in Central Java and East Nusa Tenggara, and Survey on Groundwater Conservation of the GB in West Java, Central Java, Yogyakarta and Lombok; Groundwater research in Banten; Engineering Technology on Groundwater Recharge and Modeling in Central Java and Bali; Groundwater exploration and drilling at 100 villages in 22 provinces; Groundwater Database and Information Management System were collected and analysed from the above activities Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Detailed activities related to groundwater which were conducted by the Geological Agency during the period of July 1, 2010 to June 30, 2012 can be described as follows Hydrogeological Mapping The main objective of the hydrogeological mapping at 1:250,000 scale is to obtain information on hydrogeological units, groundwater occurrence, and productivity of the aquifers within the mapping areas. Hydrogeological mapping based on systematic sheets of Indonesia at 1:250,000 scale was already completed in areas covered by five sheets in 2010, these are Sheet 2707-P. Masela Island 2708 Babar Island (Maluku), Sheet 2215-Luwuk and 2315-Balantak (Sulawesi), Sheet 1816-Muaraancalung (Kalimantan), Sheet 0614-Muarasikabaluan and Muarasiberut, Sheet 1413-Kendawangan (Kalimantan), Dheet 0911 Manna, Sumatera, Sheet 1417 Siluas, Kalimantan, Sheet 2910, Tual, Maluku, Sheet 2214 Batui, Sulawesi, Sheet 1512 Tanjung Puting and Sheet 1612 Kualapambuang Groundwater Survey Groundwater survey can be subdivided into the following two activities: 1) Survey on groundwater resource potential of groundwater basins. The main objective of this survey is to get semi-quantitative information on groundwater potential based on groundwater quantity and quality criteria for drinking water purpose. Three groundwater basins (GB) were surveyed i.e. a) Tegal-Brebes GB, Central Java and West Java Province, covering Tegal City, Tegal Regency, and Brebes Regency, and Cirebon Regency. b) Kupang GB, East Nusa Tenggara. This groundwater basin covers Kupang City and Kupang Regency. c) Wonosari GB. Geographically, the basin covers three provinces i.e. Yogyakarta, Central Java and East Java. 2) Survey on Groundwater Conservation in the GBs. The main objective of this survey is to get information on degree of the groundwater damage due to groundwater abstraction within the groundwater basins. Six groundwater basin were surveyed, i.e. 1) Bandung-Soreang GB, West Java Province covering Bandung City, Bandung Regency, Cimahi City, Sumedang Regency, and Garut Regency with an areal extend of about 1716 Km 2. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 86 CCOP Technical Secretariat

90 2) Semarang-Demak GB, Central Java Province, covering Semarang City, Semarang Regency, Kudus Regency, Jepara Regency, Demak Regency, and and Grobogan Regency with an areal extend of about 1839 Km 2. 3) Yogyakarta GB, covering. The basin covers Yogyakarta City, Bantul Regency, Sleman Regency, and Kulonprogo Regency with an areal extend of about 916 Km 2. 4) Mataram-Selong GB, covering Mataram City, West Lombok Regency, Central Lombok Regency, and West Lombok Regency with an areal extend of about 2366 Km 2. 5) Padang Pariaman GB. Geographically, the basin covers six regencies/cities. West Pasaman, Pasaman, Agam, Padang Pariaman, Padang City and Pariaman City. 6) Medan GB. This basin covers twelve regencies/cities i.e. Langkat, Deli Serdang, Karo, Simalungun, Serdang Bedagai, Asahan, Labuhan Batu, Binjai, Medan, Tebing Tinggi, Pematang Siantar, and Tanjung Balai. 3) Groundwater quantity and quality monitoring. The main objective of this survey is to obtain information on impacts of groundwater use and other activities on the groundwater system. Five groundwater basin/area were surveyed, i.e. 1) Monitoring groundwater quantity and quality related to groundwater use in Jakarta GB. 2) Groundwater monitoring related to impacts of mudflow on the groundwater system in Sidoarjo area, East Java. 3) Impacts of mining activities on the groundwater system in West Sumbawa area. 4) Denpasar Tabanan GB. Geographically, the basin covers seven regencies/cities, i.e. Tabanan, Badung, Gianyar, Bangli, Karangasem, Klungkung, and denpasar City. 5) Bandung-Soreang GB. This basin covers four regencies/cities i.e. West Bandung, Bandung, Soreang and Bandung City. 4) Survey on Aquifer Configuration of the GBs. The main objective of this survey is to obtain information on the aquifer geometries, using geophysics (self potential) analysis, for support to the next phase in groundwater potency analysis. There are two groundwater basins that were surveyed, i.e. 1) Metro-Kotabumi GB. Geographically, the basin covers two provinces, i.e. Lampung, and South Sumatera. 2) Jayapura GB. This basin is a transboundary basin covering Indonesia (Jayapura and Keerom Regencies) and Papua New Gineau. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 87 CCOP Technical Secretariat

91 Groundwater research Groundwater research consists of eight activities, 1) impact of global climate change on groundwater condition in the Semarang GB, 2) hydrogeological research in area of the Serang Mud flow, Banten. 3) Groundwater monitoring in the Sidoarjo Mudflow, East Java. 4) Groundwater research in Sebatik Island, East Kalimantan. 5) Sea Water Intrusion Research in the northern area of Jakarta GB and Bekasi-Karawang GB, Jakarta-West Java. 6) Groundwater Flow Modelingh in Tegal-BrebesGB, West Java. 7) Groundwater Recharge Analysis in Karanganyar-Boyolali GB, Central Java. 8) Groundwater Exploration and Development in areas of water Shortage was a project undertaken in 24 provinces Engineering technology on groundwater recharge and modeling Engineering technology related to design of an artificial recharge well in a shallow aquifer system was conducted in the Karanganyar-Boyolali GB. The main objective of this activity was to select an appropriate recharge well construction that to be applied in different materials of shallow aquifer systems in the basin. Meanwhile, three dimensional groundwater modeling of the Denpasar-Tabanan GB, Bali was completed in order to simulate steady state and transient flow systems. The calibrated results are useful for developing groundwater abstraction scenarios that should be used for planning and utilization of groundwater in the frame of sustainable groundwater resources Groundwater exploration and drilling Groundwater exploration and development in areas of water shortage were activities undertaken and completed at 100 villages in 22 provinces. The total number of exploration wells which were then developed to become production wells was 100 wells with the total discharge attaining 262 L/sec and serving about 262,000 people (Table 2). Two monitoring wells were also built in the West Jakarta Region (Kapuk area) and East Jakarta Region (Cakung) within the Jakarta GB. The two monitoring wells will be used to monitor change of groundwater level in shallow and deep aquifer systems in the two areas of heavy groundwater abstraction Groundwater Database and Information Management System Groundwater data and information which was collected and analysed from the above activities are now being managed and continuously developed by the CGREG-GA. All these data and information on groundwater can be accessed from our URL of database ( and/or Proposed Future Activities The activities related to groundwater which are now being conducted by CGREG-GA during the year 2011 (after June,30, 2011) can be described as follows : 1) Systematic Hydrogeological Mapping Scale 1:250,000 of six sheets; these are Sheet 0911-Manna (Sumatera), Sheet 1417-Siluas (Kalimantan),Sheet 2910-Tual (Maluku), Sheet 2214-Batui (Sulawesi), and Sheet 1512-Tanjungputing and Kualapambuang (Kalimantan). 2) Groundwater survey, comprising: a) Survey on groundwater resource potential at Wonosari GB, covering Central Java Province, Yogyakarta Province, and East Java Province. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 88 CCOP Technical Secretariat

92 b) Survey on Groundwater Conservation of GBs, comprising: (1) Padang-Pariaman GB, West Sumatera. The basin covers Pasaman Regency, Padangpariaman Regency, Padang City, Bukittinggi Regency, Tanahdatar Regency, and Solok Regency. (2) Medan GB, North Sumatera. The basin covers Langkat Regency, Medan City, Deliserdang Regency, Asahan Regency, Karo Regency, and Simalungun Regency. 3) Groundwater quantity and quality monitoring, comprising: a) Monitoring groundwater quantity and quality related to groundwater use in Denpasar-Tabanan GB. b) Monitoring groundwater quantity and quality related to groundwater use in Bandung-Soreang GB. 4) Groundwater Research, comprising: a) Groundwater research in small islands (Sebatik Island, East Kalimantan) b) Sea water intrusion study in the north Java coastal area (Jakarta GB and Karawang-Bekasi GB). 5) Groundwater exploration and drilling, comprising: a) Groundwater exploration and development (production well drilling) in areas of water shortage; planned to be conducted at 100 villages (100 production wells) in 22 provinces. b) Groundwater exploration and monitoring-well drilling in the Jakarta GB where it is planned to construct 5 monitoring wells. 6) National regulations on groundwater management consisting of: a) Presidential Decree on Groundwater Basins of Indonesaia. b) Minister EMR Decree on technical guidelines for groundwater inventory, groundwater conservation zone, groundwater protection zone, technical recommendation and groundwater permit, and for groundwater management in outer area of groundwater basins Assistance Required from CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities 1) Information system of hydrogeological map which will be published by CD-ROM and CCOP Homepage. 2) Groundwater quantity and quality monitoring in urban groundwater basins (network design of groundwater monitoring wells, installation, expertise and budget). 3) Groundwater quantification and modeling in urban development of groundwater basins (expertise, training, budget) Other Comments The CCOP groundwater project is needed and useful for CCOP Member Countries and the current project should be continued and further developed in order to give much more benefit to the Member Countries. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 89 CCOP Technical Secretariat

93 In future some problems should be clarified in order to improve the hydrogeological knowlede of the hydrogeologists from the Member Countries. Some efforts can be undertaken through the CCOP Project, among other things are: 1) Groundwater experts from donor countries (Japan, China, Korea) should transfer their knowledge on groundwater management especially on technical aspects. 2) Hydrogeologists from the Member Countries should be involved in evaluating and analysing data instead of merely collecting and supplying data needed by the project. According to the National Water Resources Committee of Indonesia, the Ministry Energy and Mineral Resources will be the Coordinator of Indonesian Hydrogeology data base from 10 May, 2011 Programme Contact Person: Dodid Murdohardono Geological Agency of Indonesia. Jl. Diponegoro 57 Bandung, West Java, Indonesia Fax: Phone: ; dodidmurdohardono@yahoo.com GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR 4. COASTAL ZONE PROGRAMME 4.1. Summary During the period 2010 to 2012, the Marine Geological Research and Development Center has conducted coastal zone and marine geological and geophysical surveys in several areas such as: 1). Pulau Laut, Natuna, Riau Provine 2). East Coast of Bunguran Island, Natuna, Riau Province. 3).Cilacap coast, Central Java Province and 4). Senunu Bay, south of Big Sumbawa, Nusa Tenggara Barat Province, and 5). Rote island East Nusa Tenggara Province. The aims of the study are 1. To obtain coastal geological information with emphasis on studies of the type and physical properties of lithology, relief and shoreline characteristics; 2. Undertake sea-floor sediment sampling by using a gravity corer and grab sampler for mineral resource exploration. 3. To carry out the bathymetric survey of sea floor morphology; 4. Undertake single channel seismic reflection surveys for seismic sequence stratigraphic and geological structure studies Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Thematic coastal zone survey and its resources management in Indonesia are being carried out by the Marine Geological Research and Development Center. These projects e coincide with the Planning and Development of Local Government, especially along the coastline and its surroundings and also for mineral resources development within the coastal zone. The main results of the project activities were as follows: Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 90 CCOP Technical Secretariat

94 Pulau Laut, Natuna, Riau Province The study area is located at Natuna Archipelago, Riau Provines. The aim of the study is to determine the potential of alternate energy and mineral resources, coastal processes and characteristic of the islands, coastal environments and geological hazards. The bathymetric data of P. Laut show that the morphology is very deep until close to (100 m) the island but in the northern part of P. Laut and in the southeastern part is shallow due to coral reef occupying the area. Coastal processes and characteristics of P. Laut can be divided into 3 parts such as: sandy beach; mangrove beach; and cliff beach. Sandy beach can be found in the eastern part and southern part of P. Laut. The color of sands is yellowish white with size from fine grained to coarse grained and poorly sorted. Sand is dominated by biogenic debris from reef limestone. Mangrove beach is located in the southeastern part of P. Laut. The cliffs consist of stones and are located in the western part of P. Laut East Coast of Bunguran Island, Natuna, Riau Province. The result of the survey in Bunguran island, Riau Province, includes bathymetric data seismic reflection profiles, sea floor sediment and oceanographic parameters such as wave measurements and tide gauge readings. Also, the coastal characteristics of the study area were mapped. Based on the sediment samples that were taken from around Bunguran Island, the sea floor sediment types can be divided into four such as: sand, sandy silt, gravelly sand and slightly gravelly sand. Generally the distribution of sea floor sediment in Bunguran Island is dominated by silty sand located near the coral reef. Sand can be found locally along the coast of Bunguran Island. The coastal characteristic of the study area is dominantly sandy beach and rocky sand, with mangroves in some places Cilacap Coast, Central Java Province Cilacap is located in the southern part of Central Java and close to Nusa Kambangan Island. The aim of the survey of this area is to conduct a coastal geological survey in relation to geological hazards for the Pertamina UP IV harbor. The results of the survey are as follows: Seismic reflection profile data show the river channel of the Donan River and thick sedimentation around Nusa Kambangan. Bathymetric data show the morphology to be very steep close to the coastline and Nusa Kambangan Strait and becoming gradually flatter seaward at 21 m water depth. Base on the data of coastal characteristics; the area is dominated by sand and gravelly sand. Rock and conglomerate is found in some places on the eastern coast of Cilacap. Based on 33 samples of sea floor sediment, the distribution of sediment in the area can be divided into 5 types such as sand, silty sand, sandy silt, gravelly sand and muddy sand Senunu Bay, south of Big Sumbawa, Nusa Tenggara Barat Province. Senunu bay is located in the southern part of Sumbawa, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Based on mapping along the coast of Senunu, the coastline of the area is dominated by sands which contain biogenic material from coral reef. The color of sand is white and light brown. Some fine sands with iron sands are also found on the Senunu coast. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 91 CCOP Technical Secretariat

95 Based on analyses of 20 samples, the sea floor sediment is dominated by sand. The color of sand is white grey; it is fine grained and contains quartz as well as gravel from the coral reef. The bathymetric survey of the study area shows a relatively flat topography with depth between 20 m to 100 m, becoming very steep from 100m to 500 m depth. The area of steep morphology becomes an area of tailings from PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara. Based on the side scan sonar survey, the tailing pipes from PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara can be seen to comprise 3 pipes at the depth of 60 m, 100 m and 116 m with lengths from 2650 meter to 3100 meters Rote Island, East Nusa Tenggara Province Rote Island is located of the southwestern coast of Timor Island. The aim of this survey is to understand, for local development, the coastal environment in Rote Island. Seafloor sediment consist of silty sand, sand and reef. Sand is distributed over almost the entire study area (80%). Silty sand is located in the middle of the study area. Reef is located along the coast of the study area. Based on Coastal characteristic mapping, the study area can be divided into 3 parts such as: 1. Rocky coast. 2. Sand pocket coast. 3. Gravelly coast. Based on seismic reflection profile interpretation, the coastal terraces and shale diaper in the study area result from by tectonism. Seafloor morphology shows that the study area is characterized by undulating morphology. Programme Contact Person: Kumala Hardjawidjaksana Marine Geological Institute, Energy and Mineral Resources Research and Development Agency Jl Dr. Junjunan 236 Bandung 40174, Indonesia Phone: , ext. 133 Fax : , Mobile phone ; ; hardjawidjaksana@yahoo.com 5. GEO-HAZARDS PROGRAMME 5.1. Summary During the period of July 2010 June 2012, the Geological Agency conducted research, and services in volcanology and geological hazard mitigation (volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunami, landslides), issued early warnings for volcanic activities and landslides and disseminated geological hazard knowledge to local governments and communities who lived in the geological hazard zones, produced geological hazard and risk maps for spatial planning and geological hazard mitigation & education and gave technical recommendations to the local governments to carry out geological hazard mitigation efforts. It also evaluated the research investigations and services of volcanology and geological hazard mitigation. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 92 CCOP Technical Secretariat

96 In the field of volcanic hazard mitigation, monitoring of seismicity, ground deformation and chemical gas content of magma on active volcanoes were all monitored in order to understand the stage of volcanic activities and to provide a volcanic hazard early warning system. Instrumentation and methods of monitoring are always being developed. In addition, volcano hazard zone mapping and an inventory of potential locations for volcano tourism were also undertaken. Earthquake and tsunami mitigation has conducted quick response actions for earthquake and tsunami disasters, mapping of earthquake and tsunami susceptibility, browsing of earthquake parameters on the internet and other mass media, mapping of ground amplification, investigation of tsunamigenic phenomena and also establishment of a database of destructive earthquakes in Indonesia. Digital maps concerning earthquake mitigation including maps of earthquake hazard areas in Lampung, East Java, Central Java, North Sulawesi and West Sumatera, NAD, Gorontalo, West Sulawesi, West Papua and North Molluca, maps of tsunami hazard areas in Pangandaran, Jember, Majene and Banyuwangi, updating the database of destructive earthquakes in Indonesia from 1629 up to the middle of 2012 were all completed. The program activity concerning landslides included conducting quick responses on landslide disasters, mapping of landslide susceptibility, monitoring of landslides in vital areas, survey of landslide and slope stability on the vital road lane, landslide early warning system and also establishment of a database of destructive landslides in Indonesia. Digital maps concerning landslide mitigation were published, including a landslide susceptibility map of Indonesia, a landslide susceptibility map of Bengkulu Province, Ende (NTT), Karanganyar (Center of Java), Yogyakarta (yogyakarta0, Pacitan (east Java), Majenang (Central Java), Kediri (East Java), Tana Toraja-Enrekang (South of Sulawesi) and also a landslide susceptibility map of Maumere (NTT) Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Volcano related activities Observation and analysis of seismic data from the analog recording with one vertical seismometer from the Volcano Observatory is currently done for Sorik Marapi, Seulawah Agam, Peut Sagoe, Burni Telong Marapi, Tandikat, Kerinci, Kaba, Dempo, Galunggung, Papandayan, Ciremai, Slamet, Dieng, Salak, Sundoro, Sumbing, Bromo, Lamongan, Arjuno Welirang, Raung, Agung, Tambora, Rinjani, Lewotolo, Lewotobi, Inelika, Ili Boleng, Anak Ranakah, Egon, Sangeangapi, Ebulobo, Wurlali, Rokatenda, Sirung, Colo, Karangetang, Soputan, Awu, Bandaapi, Ibu, Dukono, Gamkonora, Kie Besi, Gamalama, volcanoes. Some volcanoes have been monitored by using more than 1 seismometer such as in Sinabung, Marapi,Talang, Krakatau, Gede, Tangkuban Perahu, Guntur, Merapi, Kelut, Semeru, Ijen, Batur and Lokon volcanoes. In addition, a continuous deformation survey has been applied in Sinabung, Papandayan, Guntur, Merapi, Semeru, Lokon and volcanoes. The purpose of monitoring is to understand the state of volcanic activities related to the volcano early warning system. During the period of ,four volcanoes erupted causing more than 200 fatalities, hundreds were injured and more than persons were evacuated (see Table 5 ) and in 2012 (to June), six volcanoes erupted causing 100 persons injured and more evacuated (Table 6). Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 93 CCOP Technical Secretariat

97 Survey and mapping of volcanoes included; Volcano Hazard Zone Mapping on Wurlali, Sinabung and Karangetang volcanoes. Volcano Hazard Assesment on Papandayan volcano. Volcano Geological Mapping on Wurlali, Sinabung, volcano. Study of Chemistry of Water and Gas on Dieng, Papandayan, Tangkuban Perahu, Dempo, Rinjani, Lamongan, Guntur, Salak, Kelimutu, Sirung Lereboleng volcanoes. Study of Rock Chemistry on Bromo volcanoes. Volcano Geological Mapping for B-type volcanoes, such as Bukit Daun, Pusuk Bukit, Karang, Sumbing (Jambi), Belirang-Beriti, Wilis, Sibual-buali, Lumut Balai, Sempu and Kunyit Volcano Geological Hazard Mapping for B-type volcanoes, such as Rajabasa, Ungaran, Sumbing, Talaga bodas, Sibayak, Wilis, Blereang Bliti and Pusuk Bukit. Geophysical mapping on Sundoro Sumbing, Mahawu, Soputan, Lereboleng and Salak volcanoes. Improvement of volcano monitoring instrumentation such as the application of microprocessor technology for the development of volcano monitoring, CO 2 gas sampling and mapping methods was undertaken at Dieng Plateau Earthquake hazards In the period July 2010-June 2012, there were 10 destructive earthquakes in Indonesia. Quick response actions were carried out for the Northern Sumatera, July 24, 2010, Bantul (DIY), August 21, 2010, and Pagai Selatan, Mentawai, October 25, 2010, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, April , Tarutung, Northern Sumatera June 14, 2011, Waren, West Papua, June 26-27, 2011 earthquakes, Tarutung (North Sumatra), Waren (Papua), Singkilbaru (Aceh), Simeulue (Aceh), Sukabumi (West Java), and Denpasar (Bali). Recommendations were made to the local governments concerning the ground acceleration of earthquakes and MMI mapping to determine the level of hazard within particular areas. Technical recommendations, especially on safe building recovery and development, were also introduced. Mapping of Earthquake Hazard areas in Mamuju (South of Sulawesi), Pasaman ( West of Sumatera), and North of Aceh ( NAD), Sumbawa Besar, West of Nusa Tenggara, Gorontalo, North of Sulawesi, Palu, Central of Sulawesi, Kendari, Southest of Sulawesi, Jayapura (Papua), Toli toli-buol, Central of Sulawesi is to describe the stage of earthquake hazards based on geology (morphology, lithology and structural geology), earthquake source zones, earthquake intensity using MMI scale (taken from historical destructive earthquakes), calculations of ground acceleration and population distribution. Mapping of ground amplification in Sukabumi (West of Java), Manado (North of Sulawesi), Sibolga (North Sumatera), Tuban (East of Java), Tuban (East of Java), Subang, West of Java, Takengon, Aceh, Palu, Central of Sulawesi, Ende (NTT), Mataram (NTB) is to calculate how large wave amplitude is amplified in soft sediment. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 94 CCOP Technical Secretariat

98 The destructive earthquakes in Indonesia during July 2010-June 2011 are shown in Table 7. No Time Year Month Name of Volcano Location Explanation 4 volcanoes erupted; until the end of 2010: 12 volcanoes in Level II of alert level, 2 volcanoes in Level III, August 29 - Sinabung September 7 North Sumatera Erupted, persons evacuated, 1 victim August 6 - Karangetang North Sulawesi September Erupted, 4 persons victims October 25 - Merapi November Central Java Erupted, persons evacuated, more than 200 victims November 23 - Bromo East Java Erupted, no victim May volcanoes erupted, 17 volcanoes in Level II of alert level, 3 volcanoes in Level III, 3 volcanoes in Level IV March Karangetang North Sulawesi Erupted, 582 persons evacuated, no victim (until June) May July 3 Dieng Soputan Central Java North Sulawesi Increase of emmission gas CO2, 1100 persons evacuated Erupted, no victim July Lokon North Sulawesi Erupted, 5359 persons evacuated, no victim August 13 Papandayan West Java Increased to Level III August 7 Karangetang North Sulawesi Erupted, no victim Table 5. The volcano eruption during the period of Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 95 CCOP Technical Secretariat

99 No Year Time Month Name of Volcano Location Explanation 6 volcanoes erupted; from july 2011 to June 2012: 14 volcanoes in Level II of alert level, 3 volcanoes in Level III, July 2 Soputan North Sulawesi Increased to Level III July 3 Soputan North Sulawesi Erupted, no victim July 10 Lokon North Sulawesi Increased to Level IV July Lokon North Sulawesi Erupted, 5359 person evacuated, no victim 24 July Lokon North Sulawesi Decreased to Level III August 7 Karangetang North Sulawesi Erupted, no victim August 13 Papandayan West Java Increased to Level III September 30 Anak Krakatau Banten Increased to Level III December 4 Gamalama Ternate Increased to Level III December 5 Gamalama Ternate Erupted, 2472 persons evacuated, no victim January 24 Gamalama Ternate Decreased to Level II January 26 Krakatau Banten Decreased to Level II January 31 Papandayan West Java Decreased to level II February 2 Semeru East Java Increased to Level III March 12 Ijen East Java Increased to Level III May 3 Semeru East Java Decreased to Level II May 5 Sirung Flores Increased to Level III May 5 Sirung Flores Erupted, no victim June 13 Gamkonora Maluku Increased to Level III June 13 Gamkonora Maluku Erupted, no victim June 25 Sirung Flores Decreased to Level II June 26 Soputan North Sulawesi Decreased to Level II Table 6. The volcano eruption during the period of July 2011-June 2012 Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 96 CCOP Technical Secretariat

100 Table 7. Destructive earthquakes in period July 2010 June 2011 in Indonesia. No. Name of earthquake 1 Nothern Sumatera 2 Bantul, DIY 3 Mentawai, West of Sumatera 4 Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi of 5 Tarutung, North of sumatera 6 Waren, West Papua Date happening of Epicenter (USGS) Depth (Km) Mag victim Died Injure Damage Building July 24, U E SR - - some light damage. August 21, S E SR - - some light damage. Oct 25, S E SR people lost 325 heavy damage 204 light damage April 25, S E heavy damage 364 light damage June 16, U E June 26-27, S E SR heavy damage 255 light damage Triggered landslide 40 damage 3 school room collapsed Table 8. Destructive earthquake in period July 2011 June 2012 in Indonesia. No. Name of earthquake Date of happening 1. Bandung Barat, West Java Agustus 28, 2011 Epicenter (USGS) Depth (Km) Mag 6.92 LS dan BT 3,3 SR victim Died Injure Damage Building heavy damage 2. Singkil, Aceh September 9, LU dan BT 110,1 6.6 MW/ 6.7 SR 3 peoples 7 peoples heavy damage light damage - 85 school damage 3. Nusa Dua, Bali 4. Simeulue, NAD 5. Sukabumi, West Java October 13, 2011 April 11, 2012 June 14, ,89 LS dan 114,53 BT 2,40 LU dan 92,99 BT 7,99 LS dan 106,19 BT 35, MW/ 6.8 SR 8,6 SR 5.9 MW/ 6.1 SR Bali : 90 peoples, - Banyuwangi : 1 person - - Bali : 98 heavy damage, - Banyuwangi : 48 heavy damage. - Some light demage - 10 heavy damage, - 27 middle damage light damage Tsunami During this period, one tsunami was reported. The Mentawai earthquake, Oct , triggered a tsunami that produced a maximum wave height at the shoreline of about 12 m. This tsunami caused more than 428 fatalities, 498 people injured, and damage to hundreds of buildings. Activities in the tsunami sector included tsunami hazard mapping and investigation on tsunamigenic phenomena. Tsunami hazard mapping was located along the coastal area of Sorong (West Papua), and Malang (East of Java), Lombok (West of Nusa Tenggara), Bima (West of Nusa Tenggara), Sumba (East of Nusa Tenggara), Donggala (Central Sulawesi). whereas tsunamigenic investigations were located around the West coast of North Sumatera, Biak (Papua) and Teluk Bima (NTT) Seram, Maluku, Kendari, Southest of Sulawesi, Luwuk- Banggai (central of Sulawesi), and North coast Gorontalo. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 97 CCOP Technical Secretariat

101 Tsunami reports and hazard maps have been given to the local governments concerned with the tsunami hazard areas, based on the areas hazardous potential identified from their coastal characteristics and from tsunami modeling. Other technical recommendations have also been given to the local governments in order to improve their coastal management plans, especially for tsunami hazard mitigation purposes Landslides The landslide program has conducted landslide susceptibility mapping at 13 locations at 1: scale. Locations of landslide susceptibility mapping are: 1. Bungku Utara, Central of Sulawesi (juli-des210) 2. Ngada Utara, NTT Province 3. Timor Tengah Selatan, East Nusa Tenggara Province 4. Gorontalo, Gorontalo Province 5. Kerinci, Jambi 6. Mandailing Natal, North Sumatera 7. Lunyuk, Sumbawa Besar, West Nusa Tenggara Province, 8. Atambua, East Nusa Tenggara Province, 9. Wasior, West of Papua Province, 10. Solok, West of Sumatera Province, 11. Tapanuli Selatan, 12. North of Sumatera Province,Mojokerto, 13. East Java Province,Sungai Penuh, Jambi Province. Landslide monitoring using geodetic methods was carried out at 14 locations, these are: 1. Ciloto, Cianjur, West Java 2. Cipularang, West Java 3. Cipanas-Cianjur, West Java 4. Belopa, South of Sulawesi Province, 5. Kediri, East Java Province, 6. Lampung Barat, Lampung Province, 7. Bajawa, East Nusa Tenggara Province, 8. Majenang, Central of Java Province, 9. Agam, West of Sumatera Province, 10. Tapanuli Utara, North of Sumatera Province, 11. Aceh Besar, Aceh Province, 12. Pasaman, West of Sumatera Province, 13. Kerinci, Jambi Province, 14. Ambon, Maluku Province. Slope Stability and Landslide Surveys were carried out at 4 locations, these are: 1. Tol Cipularang, Purwakarta 2. Lubuk Laweh, Padang 3. PasarSimpang-Galapung, Agam, West Sumatera 4. Tawaeli-Toboli, Center of Sulawesi 5. Nagreg, West Java 6. Krui, lampung 7. Cadas Pangeran, Sumedang 8. Karanganyar, Center of Java 9. Manggarai, East of Nusa Tenggara Province 10. Palu, Central of Sulawesi Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 98 CCOP Technical Secretariat

102 Quick responses for landslide disasters were carried out at several areas in Indonesia and recommendations were given to the community and local government based on evaluation of landslide hazards. The location of landslide disasters were in Subang (West Java), Bandung (West Java), Bogor (West Java), Garut (West Java), Pacitan (East Java), Wasior (West Papua), TulungAgung (East Java), Kintamani, Bangli (Bali), Padalarang (West Java), Pati (Central Java), Wonosobo (Central Java), Wonogiri (Center of Java), Bantul (DIY), Buleleng (Bali), Bima (NTB), Sitaro (North Sulawesi), Tana Toraja (South of Sulawesi), Agam (West Sumatera), Padang Panjang (West Sumatra), Pidie (NAD), Palu Donggala (Central Sulawesi), Nias Selatan (North Sumatera), Sigi (Central Sulawesi),Ambon (Maluku), Nganjuk (East Java), Ponorogo (East Java), Majalengka (West Java), Ciamis (West Java), Banjarnegara(Center of Java), Cianjur (West Java), Trenggalek (East Java), Timur Tengah Selatan (NTT), Empat Lawang (South of Sulawesi), Brastagi (North Sumatera), as shown in Tables 9 and 10. Table 9. Landslide disasters July 1, June 30, 2011 period in Indonesia. Victim Damages Died Injured Damaged Buildings No. Province Number of Event Destroyed Buildings Threaten Buildings Damaged Another Buildings Destroyed Another Buildings Valley (ha) Road (m) 1 West Java Center of Java East Java Banten Bali NTT North Sumatera Lampung Bengkulu South Sulawesi Center of Sulawesi Maluku East Kalimantan West Papua North Sulawesi NTB TOTAL Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 99 CCOP Technical Secretariat

103 Table 10. Landslide disaster July 1, 2011 June 30, 2012 period in Indonesia. No. Province Number of Event Victim Died Injured Damaged Buildings Destroyed Buildings Threaten Buildings Damages Damaged Another Buildings Destroyed Another Buildings 1 West Java Center of Java East Java D.I. Yogyakarta 5 Banten 6 Bali NTT NTB North Sulawesi 10 South Sulawesi 11 Central of Sulawesi North Sumatera West Sumatera South Sumatera Papua Maluku Aceh East of 18 Kalimantan Total Number Valley (ha) Road (m) 5.3. Proposed Future Activities 3.1. Volcanos Increasing the cooperation of research and investigation in monitoring volcano activity with Kyoto University, Disaster Prevention Research Institute (cq Sakurajima volcano observatory & Kyoto University) on Guntur and Talang volcanoes. Continue developing and increasing the monitoring systems in Regional Centers: Kakaskasen-Tomohon, North Sulawesi Province, Bukit Tinggi-West Sumatera, Flores, Semeru-East Java and Guntur-West Java. Increasing information quality and introduction of duties and responsibilities of volcano observation posts to the local government and communities around the volcano. The future volcano hazard mitigation programs of Geological Agency will be focused on research, volcano monitoring, installation of volcano monitoring instruments, investigation of volcano geochemistry, volcano hazard zone mapping, and geological mapping. Proposed volcanoes for this project are Soputan, Lokon, Talang, Ibu, Kelud, Dukono, Bromo, Batur, Gamalama, Sangeang api, Gede, Lamongan, Tandikat, Dempo, Agung, Inelika, Kerinci, Dieng, Sorik Marapi, Kaba, Sangeang api, Kelimutu, Kie Besi, Marapi, Banda Aceh, Ibu, Awu, Papandayan, and lerebole, Sekincau Belerang, Sibual-buali, Rinjani, Semeru, Merbabu, and Batutara. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 100 CCOP Technical Secretariat

104 3.2. Earthquake and Tsunami The earthquake and tsunami mitigation programs will be focused on research and investigation of earthquakes and tsunami hazard mapping, mapping of ground amplification, investigation on tsunamigenic phenomena, and investigation on earthquakes and tsunami. Proposed locations for this project are: Sumba (NTT), South East Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, Jayapura (Papua), Lombok (NTB), Mentawai (West Sumatera), Teluk Bima (NTT), Ende, Flores (NTT), Mataram (NTB), Pacitan- Trenggalek (East Java), West Coast NAD, Gorontalo (North Sulawesi), Sumbawa Besar (NTB), Palu (Central of Sulawesi), Subang (west Java), Tuban (East Java), Takengon (NAD) and Seram (Maluku), The project needs cooperation with research Institutions from CCOP Member Countries. Continue the cooperation with Austalian Indonesian Facility for Disaster Reduction (AIFDR) to make probabilistic seismic hazard assesment (PSHA) at Province regional scale Landslides The future landslide mitigation programs needs cooperation with Research Institutions from CCOP Member Countries. The project proposed is landslide susceptibility mapping and slope stability and landslide survey also landslide monitoring, and investigation of sedimentation and erosion. The sites proposed for the project will be in Dompu, Bima (NTB), Dairi (NAD), Solok (West Sumatera), South Sulawesi, Center of Java, Situbondo, Garut (West Java), Kuningan (West Java), Pakenjeng, Singaparna (Garut), (juli-des 2011)Sumba (East Nusa Tenggara), Kerinci (Jambi), Kupang (East Nusa tenggara), Atambua (East Nusa tenggara), Lahat (South Sumatera), Nagrek (Garut), Puncak (Cianjur), Karangkobar (Central of Java), Cipanas (Cianjur), Cisanggarung Hilir, Cirebon (West Java), Citandui Hilir, Ciamis (West Java) Dairi (Aceh), Ambon (Maluku), Kutamubagu (North of Sulawesi), Pakenjeng (West Java), Cipularang (West Java), Cadas Pangeran (West Java) and Situbondo (East Java). Cooperation with Georisk-German will continue in order to develop the landslide database using remote sensing data and vulnarability assessment by probabilistic methods. Cooperative research with other institutions on volcanic and geological hazards mitigation: Sakurajima Volcano Observatory (Kyoto University), DPRI. Volcano monitoring in Guntur (West Java) and Talang (West Sumatera). Exchanges of volcano experts to share and develop the capabilities of CVGHM personnel. USGS, USA, installation of volcano equipment and volcano monitoring in North of Sulawesi AIFDR, Australia, Improvement of volcano monitoring instrumentation such as the application of microprocessor technology for the development of volcano monitoring in Flores, East Nusa Tenggara AIFDR, Australia, to increase advanced knowledge for personnel, concerning earthquake and tsunami through training and study abroad. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 101 CCOP Technical Secretariat

105 French government, to develop an appropriate method for monitoring hightemperature volcanic gases caused by volcanic activity. Research includes Batur-Bali, Ijen-East Java, Merapi-Yogyakarta, and Papandayan-West Java. Georisk-German cooperation in the landslide sector. Local Government Cooperation between the Geological Agency and local government, before, during and after the occurrence of geological disasters is focused on technical recommendations and socialization for geological hazard mitigation Assistance Required from CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities - The earthquake sector needs a seismic broadband station and deformation station array to investigate the active fault and seismic gap areas. The tsunami mitigation project needs digital bathymetric and topographic data at a detailed scale, gridded 0.5 km for every regency; detail run up points, tsunami sources and financial support for tsunami mapping, and software for tsunami modeling. - Instrumentations and processing software assistance for the earthquake, tsunami and landslides programmes, as the important tools in geological hazard mitigation, needs to be completed. - The Geological Agency also intends to increase advanced knowledge for the staff, concerning volcano and geological hazard mitigation through training and study abroad that is supported by CCOP Member Countries Other Comments To improve knowledge about geological hazards and their mitigation, the relationship among CCOP members need periodic activities such as workshops with interaction and discussion, or national seminars about volcanic and geological hazard mitigation, also followup such as experience, knowledge, and tsunami modeling program exchange. Detailed data, the best software, and experts are priorities for mitigation. So the close relationship among CCOP members is needed in order to increase personnel s skill and knowledge concerning geohazards. Programme Contact Person: Dr Surono Head of Centre for Volcanology and Geological Hazards Mitigation Jl Diponegoro 57. Bandung, Indonesia Phone: Fax: surono@vsi.esdm.go.id Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 102 CCOP Technical Secretariat

106 6. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY PROGRAMME 6.1. Summary Rapid physical development in the Indonesian region, as reflected in more widely builtup areas and the increase the amount of provincial, regency, and municipality development, has caused a number of problems related to spatial planning and environmental management, such as land-use conflict, environmental degradation, and increased needs of geological resources. One attempt, amongst others, to solve such problems is through the supply of geoenvironmental information. In the period between July 2010 and July 2012 the Geological Agency has carried out inventory and investigation activities related to the geo-environment in several provinces in Indonesia. The activities include: - Geo-environment for urban and regional spatial planning - Geo-environment for monitoring of geological hazards - Geo-environment for geological conservation - Geo-environment for waste disposal site selection - Geo-environment for flood mitigation - Geo-environment for mining areas 6.2. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities a. Geo-environment for urban and regional spatial planning Urban and regional environmental geology investigation is aimed to provide information dealing with the environmental geology characteristics in an area which can be used as a reference for urban and regional spatial planning. Environmental geology information has the benefit that it shows supporting and constraining environmental factors for urban and regional development, therefore land use planning may not exceed its bearing capacity. The geo-environment for urban and regional planning investigation activities covers the area of: - Bali Province - East Java Province - Southeast Sulawesi Province - Aceh Province - Central Sulawesi Province - West Sumatera Province - East Nusatenggara Province - North Sumatera Province - Lombok Island, West Nusatenggara Province - Tembilahan Urban City, Riau Province - Northern Part of Bandung Area, West Java Province - Western Part of Bandung Areas, West Java Province - Kendal District, East Java Province - Kutai Kertanegara, East Kalimantan Province Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 103 CCOP Technical Secretariat

107 b. Geo-environment for monitoring of geological hazards The activity for post geological hazards monitoring lays emphasis on the spatial function changes due to environmental geological degradation. The information provided may support utilization of the geological environment, spatial planning, and environmental management. The activity is carried out in the area of Sidoarjo mud volcano, East Java Province and post Merapi volcano eruption, Jogyakarta Province. Also Monitoring of subsidence at Semarang City, Central Java Province. c. Geo-environment for geological conservation Investigation of the geo-environment for geological conservation is done through identification and analysis of environmental geological conditions that have unique, beautiful, and rare geological morphology. The information may be utilized in conserving geological phenomena that in the future may be promoted as a geological conservation area. The aims of this activity are to conserve natural resources of geological phenomena and maintain a balanced ecosystem. Such areas may be expected to support an increase in community prosperity. The activity includes inventory of geological heritage and karstic areas. The inventory covers the areas of: - Central Java Province - East Java Province - West Java Province - Jambi Province - Indentification of Karst area in The Banyuwangi District, East Java Province - Geodiversity Inventaritation of Raja Ampat Distric, West Papua Province - Identification of Karst area in the Sukabumi Distric, West Java Province d. Geo-environment for waste disposal site selection The most important aspect of a municipal waste disposal facility is the site. Establishment of a waste disposal site needs an appropriate environmental analysis to prevent health and aesthetical problems and environmental pollution. Among these, it requires environmental geological consideration in site selection. The study area for waste disposal site selection as a pilot area is Pagar Alam, South Sumatera Province. e. Geo-environment for flood mitigation The activity of geo-environment for flood mitigation is carried out in the South Bandung area and is focused to identify physical characteristics of the study area. It includes identification of land use and land use changes, surficial materials, groundwater infiltration capacity, surface run off, erosion, sedimentation, and river morphology. The result of this investigation is expected to be useful for evaluation of South Bandung flooding phenomena. f. Geo-environment for mining areas The objective of this activity is to provide data on mineral resources, either those being mined or likely for future development, as well as their geological environments. The activity also identifies and evaluates the environmental impact of the mining activity and also provides guidance for environmental management that includes good mining practice and post mining rehabilitation. The activity covers the areas of: - Jambi Province - Central Java Province - West Java Banten Jakarta Provinces - Gorontalo Provinces Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 104 CCOP Technical Secretariat

108 - Central Kalimantan Provinces - West Sulawesi Province - Environmental Geology in the mining area of Grobogan District, Central Java Province - Environmental Geology in the mining areas of Hulu Sungai Tengah District, Central Kalimantan Province - Enviromental Geology in the mining area of the North Tapanuli District, North Sumatera Province Programme Contact Person: Dodid Murdohardono Geological Agency of Indonesia. Jl. Diponegoro 57 Bandung, West Java, Indonesia Fax: Phone : ; dodidmurdohardono@yahoo.com GEO-INFORMATION SECTOR 7. GEO-DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME 7.1. Summary During the period of July 2010 to June 2012, the Geological Agency continued to develop geoscience databases and publish geological data and information. Geological database preparation included geological and geophysical data. The Geological Agency activities in relation to Geo-information were: 1. Sedimentary Basin Atlas, located in South Sumatra, North Sumatra and Central Sumatra, Northeast Jawa Basin, Kutai, Bengkulu, Tarakan, Serayu and Barito Basin. 2. Updating Geological Maps, 1: to 1:50.000Scale, in Sulawesi, West Papua and Kalimantan, based on Remote Sensing. 3. Sedimentary Basin Research in Tanimbar (Malucca), Ketungau (Kalimantan) and Sengkang (Sulawesi). 4. Geological Basic Data and Metadata Development. 5. Airborne Gravity (Papua) and Geochemical Mapping (West Java) 6. E-Government 7. Aplication Digital Library Development 8. Publication Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 105 CCOP Technical Secretariat

109 Recently, the Geological Agency, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Indonesia and Minerals and Geoscience Department, Malaysia had been enhancing their closer relationship in the field of geology. A similar understanding that geology is not limited by political borders and of the importance of cooperation projects in geology and mineral resources is implied in the relevant Memorandum of Understanding (MoU). In the MoU, both countries had agreed to obtain and explore more bilateral benefit pertaining to geological resources through cooperation between two countries Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities In order to determine the strategy for utilising the country s natural resources optimally, Indonesia has a need and the requirement to produce geological information in the form of a medium scale geological map. Within this context, the CGS have to conduct further mapping in the 1:50,000 scale map series. The objectives are to undertake geological mapping and compilation of 1:50,000 scale geological maps derived from lithological and stratigraphic investigations, and structural maps at 1:100,000 scale (Java & Madura islands) and 1:250,000 scale (other islands), by using Remote Sensing Techniques and GIS. The production of a series of 1:50,000 scale map of the entire country will consist of a total of 3612 sheets. It aimed towards developing and implementing methodologies for using Landsat +7 ETM, Radarsat2, IFSAR, TerraSarX and SPOT. So for the period of July 2010 an June 2012, the Geological Agency had finished 1040 sheets of Geological Remote Sensing Interpretation at 1: scale in MapInfo and ArcGIS, consisting of Sulawesi, Malucca, Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, West Kalimantan, and West Papua. The Geological Agency has also published the Sedimentary Basin Atlas of 9 basins from the total of 128 Sedimentary Basins in Indonesia, these are: North Sumatra, Central Sumatra, Southern Sumatra, Northeast Java, Kutai, Bengkulu, Tarakan, Serayu and Barito. Sedimentary Basin research is in Tanimbar, Ketungau and Sengkang. Geological Basic Data Development from the outcrop observation and Laboratory Analysis such as : petrography, dating, paeleontology, geochemistry, etc. and metadata development : data gathering, nomenclature, data structure, design and implementation have also been undertaken. Aplication of Digital Library Development has also been completed by the Geological Agency. Airborne Geophysical Mapping in Southern Papua and Geochemical Mapping in West Java have also been undertaken in 2010 by the Geological Agency. The Geological Agency have produced several publications such as: 1. Geothermal Resources and Development in Indonesia, 2. Geological Ancient Volcano, 3. Geological Barito Sedimentary Basin, 4. Southeastern Sulawesi Geology, 5. Development of Remote Sensing Techniques and Geological Applications in Indonesia, 6. Geological Album Coal Series, Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 106 CCOP Technical Secretariat

110 7. Life Above Three Plates, 8. Geothermal Investigation Policy in Indonesia, 9. Geological Phenomenon of Sidoardjo Mud Vulcano, 10. Ground Water Management based on the Ground Water Basin, 11. Journal Geology, and Geological Maps Scientific and Technical Cooperation in the Field of Geology and Mineral Resources Indonesia-Malaysia. The 1 st Steering Committee Meeting for Scientific and Technical Cooperation in the field of Geology and Mineral Resources Indonesia-Malaysia was held on 23 March 2010 at the Headquarters of the Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The Meeting agreed to the formation of four Working Groups as follows: 1. Indonesia-Malaysia Geological Correlation Working Group 2. Indonesia-Malaysia Mineral and Energy Resources Working Group 3. Indonesia-Malaysia Geohazard Working Group 4. Indonesia-Malaysia Groundwater, Environmental Geology and Geoheritage Working Group. Each working group was presented their project proposals at the 2 nd Steering Committee Meeting on 13 January 2011 at Mercure Hotel, Ancol, Jakarta, Indonesia. The Geological correlation working group agreed to correlate the geology of Sintang-Silantek in and Serudung-Nunukan in Until today the project was successfully executed with country field work and joint field work activity. The first joint field work had been conducted covering the geology of Lubok Antu area (Sarawak) in July The second joint field work for this working group will be conducted in Badau area at the end of October The Mineral and Energy Resources Working Group activity conducted joint field work around the border of Indonesia-Malaysia in the Sarawak area. The similar understanding of mineral resources occurrence in the border area has built on this activity. Most of the Indonesia area is an unstable geological area. The country is believed to have more experience in hazard mitigation. Both parties, Indonesia and Malaysia, agreed to conduct some geohazard mitigation training. Geohazard working group activity was focused on sharing knowledge in hazard management, especially in earthquake and landslide mitigation. Some meetings and field activities were conducted in relation with this working group. The Groundwater, Environmental Geology and Geoheritage Working Group is also focusing activity on sharing experience and on training programs. Hydrogeological investigation of Sebatik area was agreed to be a priority for working group activity. The project will cover hydrogeological investigation, satellite image interpretation, groundwater, laboratory work, data processing and groundwater modeling. Another project is Geopark development in both countries. Some proposed potential Geopark candidates will be proposed and discussed. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 107 CCOP Technical Secretariat

111 Other Comments The Geological Agency conducted a Workshop on ASEAN Mineral Trade Database in Manado North Sulawesi on October 20-21, A system of ASEAN mineral trade database and information was presented and circulated to ASEAN member countries. Through the workshop, the system was prepared for being the preliminary ASEAN mineral trade database that will be reported as progress in the eleventh ASOMM, Hanoi, Vietnam in 2011.Parallel to the workshop, a meeting was held between Japan (Dr. Koji Wakita) and Indonesia (Geological Agency).The meeting agreed that Japan would undertake a capacity building workshop for ASEAN member countries in terms of Data and Information Systems Management in Japan. Ten experts from the Geological Agency who deal with mineral database attended the Training Program on Mineral Resource Database for ASEAN [ENMD]. The training was held on February 28 until March 9, 2011 in, Kenshu Center (TKC), Tokyo, Japan. AIST, METI Japan has appointed the Association for Overseas Technical Scholarship (AOTS) for organizing this training with the overall funding from the Japanese Government. The Geological Agency conducted workshops on the ASEAN Mineral Database and Information System in Bali on June The workshop was attended by Vietnam, CCOP technical secretariat and representatives of institutions that manage the data of minerals. The source persons for the workshop were 3 experts from Japan (Dr. Koji Wakita, Dr. Tetsuji Ohno and Dr. Joel Bandibas). Indonesia held The 3rd Working Group Meeting of AFOC to implement the MOU with JCOAL in Jakarta on 19 November Indonesia delivered a briefing presentation to the meeting on the background and information on coal resources and development of the country. It was suggested that a coal database should be developed as a template which all ASEAN countries can use as a reference for inventory and a workshop entitled ASEAN Coal Resources and Trade Data Management was proposed. Workshop on roadmap for oil and gas in Jakarta and Samarinda for all stake holders to improve the oil and gas in Indonesia. Workshop on Indonesia Geological Resources Data Management in Bali on July Dissemination of National Geographic Information System of Geological Resources inyogyakarta, East Nusa Tenggara, Central and East Kalimantan,. Updatingexisting database such as ASEAN Mineral Resources and ASEAN Mineral Trade and Indonesia Geological Resources Database Updating balance of minerals, coal and geothermal energy Development of ASEAN Coal Database for ASEAN Forum On Coal (AFOC). Publishing atlas and metadata of Indonesia geological resources. Assessment / Evaluation of working area WKP/WUP for minerals, coal, geothermal and CBM at Indonesia prospective area. Updating Data of Coal Resources and Reserves Evaluation System. Development of borehole data management system. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 108 CCOP Technical Secretariat

112 Programme Contact Person: Ir Ipranta MSc Geological Agency of Indonesia Jl. Diponegoro No. 57 Bandung, West Java Indonesia Phone Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 109 CCOP Technical Secretariat

113 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia Member Country Report of JAPAN Submitted by Japan Delegation (For Agenda Item 3) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 110 CCOP Technical Secretariat

114 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) , Fax: +66 (0) , Website: ANNUAL MEMBER COUNTRY REPORT Country: JAPAN Period: 1 July June 2012 GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR 1. MINERAL PROGRAMME 1.1. Summary Due to the soaring metal prices in , many of the public institutes related to mineral resources and mining sectors in Japan have actively conducted exploration and exploitation programs of overseas mineral deposits and prospects. In particular, the acquiring of rare-earths (RE) resources from countries other than China is the most urgent matter because of the sharp reduction of RE supply from China. The budgetary measures in FY2010 and 2011 for mineral securement strategy were significantly strengthened by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI). From the latter half of 2011 to 2012, the prices of light RE largely declined because of the drop of RE demand and the reopening of Mountain Pass mine in the United States. However, heavy RE is still an important target of mineral exploration by public and private sectors in Japan, because the price hovers at ten times more than that of Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities As it did in the last four years, the Rare Metal Task Force of National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) has conducted integrated research for material recycling technology, resource saving technology, development of alternative materials, and mineral exploration in FY2010 and The Mineral Resources Research Group of the Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment (GREEN), AIST, has been working on mineral exploration, and is continuously conducting the following three programs: 1) study on the concentration mechanism of rare metals, resource evaluation, and the Figure 1. MRAM-AIST-JOGMEC joint survey in the southern Gobi, Mongolia. beneficiation of ore minerals, 2) construction of a mineral resources database, and 3) international cooperation and consulting on mineral resources. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 111 CCOP Technical Secretariat

115 The group conducted a five-year joint project ( ) on rare earth potentiality in South Africa and other areas with the cooperation of the Council for Geoscience of the Republic of South Africa (CGS) and the Japan Oil, Gas and Metals Corporation (JOGMEC). The group has also conducted a joint-project on the rare earth potentiality in Mongolia with the cooperation of the Mineral Resources Authority of Mongolia (MRAM) and JOGMEC (Figure 1). These projects will be renewed each year by the specific agreement of the parties. The group newly commenced a cooperative study on RE resources with the United States Geological Survey (USGS) in The group, in conjunction with the University of Tokyo, Kyushu University and other Japanese universities, also conducted a four-year research project ( ) for concentration mechanism and potential evaluation of heavy RE and indium in the CCOP region with a grant from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. The group has published 1:5,000,000 Geologic Map of Asia in early 2011 and 1:3,000,000 Mineral Resources Map of Central Asia in early 2012 (Figure 2). GREEN has also conducted projects for resource evaluation of some bentonite deposits in Japan and the United States to secure appropriate backfill materials for potential low-level nuclear waste repositories. Figure 2. Mineral Resources Map of Central Asia (Kamitani et al., 2012) Other Organizations and Private Sectors In FY2010, METI implemented budgetary measures of some 265 million USD to secure stable mineral supply, and 107 million USD for R&D and survey of seafloor hydrothermal ore deposits. Furthermore, in FY2011, METI budgeted 50 million USD for sustainable development of critical metal resources overseas. These programs are being conducted mainly by JOGMEC and its subcontractors, and they have carried out mineral exploration programs worldwide, especially in Southeast and Central Asia, Canada, the United States, Latin America, southern Africa, and Australia. Their targets are mainly base metal, PGE, Li and RE. Major trading companies and their group companies have also actively invested in mineral exploration and exploitation programs mainly in South Africa, Australia, and Latin America, targeting RE, Li, Ni, Co, PGE, Cu and Fe. These overseas programs have been mostly operated as joint-ventures with local companies. The Society of Resource Geology (SRG) held symposia related to rare metals in its annual meeting in June 2011 and June 2012, entitled Genesis and resource evaluation of rareearths and indium and Mineral Exploration in Asia, respectively. Programme Contact Person: Dr. Tetsuichi Takagi, Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment (GREEN), GSJ, AIST takagi-t@aist.go.jp Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 112 CCOP Technical Secretariat

116 2. ENERGY PROGRAMME 2.1. Summary The major activities on energy resources in Japan during the past years are concerned with oil, gas, methane hydrates and geothermal sources, but there was little activity on coal resources Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Oil and Gas Domestic Exploration The main domestic oil and gas fields exist in the basins of Niigata, Yamagata, Akita along the eastern margin of the Japan Sea, and in Hokkaido. Several gas fields are also expected in the basins along the Pacific Coast. In FY2010 and 2011, several investigations and developments were carried out for the oil and gas fields in Japan. JOGMEC (Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation) supported the private sector both financially and technically. Technology Research Center (TRC) of JOGMEC carried out various technological projects, including methane gas hydrate exploration, enhanced oil recovery (EOR), reserves evaluation, reservoir characterization, dynamic modeling, drilling, gas to liquid (GTL), and carbon capture and storage (CCS). See the following website for more details. The long-term R&D plan of JOGMEC is stated in the following document written in JOGMEC started a seismic survey project in offshore Japan in 2008 using Shigen, a vessel dedicated to 3D seismic exploration and data processing in JOGMEC. The headquarter of JOGMEC moved to Tokyo from Kawasaki, Kanagawa Prefecture in May, Although most of the R&D activities have remained at TRC in Chiba, some project engineering units have moved to the headquarters. Exploration activities of the private sector in Japan have been carried out mainly by JAPEX, INPEX Corp., and JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration. A new government-funded offshore drilling program for basic exploration of domestic oil and gas on Joetsu Knoll in the deep sea Joetsu Basin is planned for spring 2013, which will be the first one in 10 years apart from methane gas hydrate exploration Overseas Exploration Japanese oil industries have been carrying out exploration and exploiting oil and natural gas in other countries; mainly in Norway, UK, Africa (Libya, Congo, Algeria, Egypt), Caspian Sea, Southeast Asia (Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Myanmar, Cambodia), China, Australia, USA, Venezuela and Brazil, in addition to the Middle East and Central Asia. Activities of Japanese oil and gas exploration companies in CCOP area in 2010 are described in their homepages. INPEX Corporation: Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 113 CCOP Technical Secretariat

117 JAPEX: JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration: Mitsui Oil Exploration (MOECO): Idemitsu Oil & Gas: Itochu Oil Exploration (CIECO): Mitsubishi Corporation Exploration: Programme Contact Person: Manabu Tanahashi, Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment (GREEN), GSJ, AIST Gas Hydrates The Agency of Natural Resources and Energy of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (ANRE/METI) organized MH21 (Research Consortium for Methane Hydrate Resources in Japan) in 2001 for research and development of natural gas hydrate as natural gas resources. Activities of MH21 are shown in its homepage: The MH21 program moved in to 7-year Phase 2 (FY ) in April JOGMEC and AIST are the main components in Phase 2. The main research objective is the R&D for the gas production in offshore methane hydrate field of Japan. GSJ/AIST is continuing basic geological and geochemical researches on gas hydrate deposits. Geophysical and sedimentological characterization of sea-floor hydrate deposits has been conducted in offshore Joetsu (southern part of Niigata) area with the University of Tokyo and JAMSTEC (Japan Agency for Marine Earth Science and Technology) since The University of Tokyo and GSJ/AIST carried out a gas hydrate and sediment sampling cruise of R/V Marion Dufresne in eastern margin of the Sea of Japan in June Many Caripso (giant piston) and CASQ (box) cores were sampled in the active gas hydrate field of Joetsu. AIST Methane Hydrate Research Center (MHRC, is a center of gas hydrate development technological research in Japan. Its main mission is to develop a safe and efficient method of natural gas production from methane gas hydrate. ANRE/METI has decided to perform an offshore gas production test from methane gas hydrate by de-pressurization method at Atsumi No.2 Knoll in Nankai Trough area in late FY2012 (1st quarter of 2013). The geotechnical site survey drilling by a research vessel Chikyu of JAMSTEC was successfully carried out in February In late FY2011 (1st quarter of 2012), Chikyu successfully drilled the upper overburden part of production test well and several monitoring wells as the first step. The test well will be further drilled and flow test will be performed for several weeks in late FY2012. Programme Contact Person: Manabu Tanahashi, Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment (GREEN), GSJ, AIST tanahashi-m@aist.go.jp Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 114 CCOP Technical Secretariat

118 2.2.3 Geothermal Energy Summary of Geothermal Energy in Japan for Two geothermal power plants, Onikobe and Takigami, increased their power generation capacity by 2,500 kw each in The installed capacity of geothermal power generation in Japan has reached 540 MWe (Thermal and Nuclear Power Engineering Society (TENPES), 2012). The total geothermal electricity generated in FYs (from April to March) 2009 and 2010 were 2,908 and 2,765 GWh, respectively (TENPES, 2012). Even after the M 9.0 earthquake that hit Tohoku Region (northeastern part of Japan main land) on 11 March 2011, all of the seven geothermal power plants in the region have survived and are supplying electricity. The Tohoku Earthquake and consequent shut down of nuclear power stations have raised the social interest and expectation in renewable energy including geothermal. New geothermal exploitation activities have already started in about 15 areas, expecting the enactment of the FIT (feed-in-tariff) system for renewable energy sources in July In some areas, installation of small-scale binary cycle plants using existing high-temperature hot springs is being planned. The Japanese government has also made some other actions to promote geothermal developments. The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) re-organized and strengthened subsidies for geothermal surface surveys and drilling. The Ministry of Environment (MOE) made two important announcements in March 2012, the additional guideline for permission of geothermal drilling and notification to relax the restriction on research and development in national parks Research Activity in GREEN, GSJ/AIST In 2010, GREEN, in cooperation with other organizations, started two 3-year research projects funded by MOE, to promote harmonious development between geothermal power generation and hot springs: (1) Experimental study of the development of an advanced geothermal reservoir management system for the harmonious development of hot spring resources, and (2) Development and demonstration of a small-grid power generation system using hot spring heat sources. Figure 3. Development of Advanced Geothermal Reservoir Management System Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 115 CCOP Technical Secretariat

119 The goal of project (1) is to develop a geothermal reservoir management system for development and operation of geothermal power plants without causing damage to surrounding hot springs. Geothermal system modeling, various kinds of monitoring, and reservoir simulation will be conducted on two test sites, Hachijo Island and Minami-Izu. GREEN will investigate effective combinations of modeling, monitoring and simulation for both geothermal power plants and surrounding hot springs. Project (2) involves testing a demonstration power plant that uses a Kalina-cycle power generation system with hot spring water at Matsunoyama Spa, Niigata Prefecture. To optimize this demonstration plant, GREEN will also model hot spring systems, and study methods for controlling scaling. Programme Contact Person: Keiichi Sakaguchi, Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment (GREEN), GSJ, AIST k-sakaguchi@aist.go.jp 3. GROUNDWATER PROGRAMME 3.1. Summary The Groundwater Research Group of GSJ/AIST is implementing five research projects; 1) study of coastal deep groundwater, 2) study of ground-coupled heat-pump systems, 3) construction of hydro-environment map, 4) technical transfer to Southeast Asian countries, and 5) basic study for groundwater hydrology. We have organized a groundwater research project as Phase II in the CCOP Project from FY 2009 to FY The project will release a map of hydrogeological information that reflects the latest scientific data of the Chao-Phraya Plain, Thailand and the Red River Delta, Vietnam Scientific Research Activities for Groundwater Among the groundwater research projects shown above, the coastal deep groundwater study is now the most intensive. Movement of groundwater is extremely complicated in the coastal area, because the interface of saltwater and freshwater and faults can lead the water to flow upward. This upward groundwater flow should be carefully considered in studying marine biology and geomorphology, and in understanding the overall water flow cycle. In our recent study for nuclear waste disposal and carbon capture and storage (CCS), a large scale water cycle including deeper zone over 1,000 m has been worked out. The movement of the interface of saltwater and freshwater was observed through a huge tunnel constructed in the coastal area and a water stability model including deep salt/fresh groundwater has been made using the results of pf-tests. Promotion of ground-coupled heat-pump (GCHP) systems, whose effectiveness has been substantiated in recent studies, is expected to be an effective solution to reduce both urban heat-island phenomenon in big cities and total CO2 emission, saving energy and electricity as well. The system utilizes groundwater, which is warmer in winter and cooler in summer compared to atmospheric temperature, for heating and cooling houses/buildings. Since subsurface information such as temperature profile, groundwater condition and its flow rate is important to design more cost-effective systems, we have attempted to construct detailed numerical models of the groundwater system in major plains of Japan. A similar study will be carried out in Bangkok, Thailand, in collaboration with Kasetsart University. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 116 CCOP Technical Secretariat

120 We also made digital hydro-environmental maps of Japan that provide various hydrogeological information including water quality, temperature, flow condition, and water level. Quaternary and Tertiary sedimentary layers throughout the Japanese islands were analyzed to estimate the total volume of groundwater. The estimated water volume and flow rate of each reservoir layer of 60 major groundwater basins in Japan will be published in the new series of the hydro-environmental maps Proposed Future Activities The CCOP-GSJ/AIST-CGS Groundwater Phase II Meeting was held in Xian, China on 2-3 September 2010, with twenty-six participants from Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Vietnam, and the CCOP Technical Secretariat. After the opening ceremony, a session Groundwater pollution and risk management in the CCOP countries was held by CCOP member countries. On the second day, Thailand and Vietnam held mapping working group member presentation entitled "Progress report of hydrological mapping." The meeting discussed the design of the CCOP Hydrogeological Map, and agreed with the following two points: 1) The CCOP Hydrogeological Map will contain both basic data (including groundwater chemical and temperature data) and additional information from each country. 2) The CCOP Hydrogeological Map will be published not only by CD-ROM, but also on the CCOP website. The next working group meeting will be held at the 3rd Groundwater Phase II Meeting in Hanoi, Vietnam, in February A training course for using groundwater temperature data will also be held at the meeting. CCOP/GSJ Water Environmental Map Figure 4. CCOP/GSJ Water Environmental Map Programme Contact Person: Dr. Yohei Uchida, Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment (GREEN), GSJ, AIST uchida-y@aist.go.jp Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 117 CCOP Technical Secretariat

121 GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR 4. COASTAL ZONE PROGRAMME 4.1. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Coastal Environment of Okinawa Islands, Japan The objective of the study of the coastal environment of Okinawa islands by GSJ is to better understand the relationship between biogeochemical cycles and climate change at regional and global scales. The project consists of analysis of geochemical parameters including elemental and stable isotopic composition of carbonates, as well as investigation of biogeochemical processes and paleo-environment. Corals offer rich archives of past climatic variability in tropical and subtropical regions, where instrumental records are limited. We analyzed a 165-year δ 18 O coral record from Ishigaki Island, southwestern Japan, and compared our results with observed sea surface temperatures as well as the East Asian winter monsoon and El Niño Southern Oscillation. Coral skeletal δ 18 O fluctuations have been consistent with other available SST information since the 1890s. The coral δ 18 O record from Ishigaki Island clearly indicates a decreasing trend of about 0.2, probably corresponding to seasurface temperature increase in the area. The coral δ 18 O data indicated an abrupt shift toward cooler conditions during , consistent with the extremely cold winter air temperatures observed in Japan in The cold event was also supported by coral Sr/Ca data, which are another established coral proxy for sea surface temperature. Development of the Siberian High may have intensified the East Asian winter monsoon at this time, in association with active heat convection in the tropics and weak westerlies. This cooling may also have been related to the surface ocean freshening in the Ogasawara Islands in the early 20th century. Thus, several phenomena were uniquely coupled during the first few years of the 20th century in the northwestern subtropical Pacific. For further understanding, dual proxy approach with more coral Sr/Ca data for independent reconstruction of seasurface temperature and salinity variation is needed. That approach may allow us to test if the cold event found in this study was a part of repeated regime shifts in seasurface temperature and salinity that occurred in the region. Programme Contact Person: Dr. Atsushi Suzuki, Institute of Geology and Geoinformation (IGG), GSJ, AIST a.suzuki@aist.go.jp Delta collaborative research in Asia and recent publications Collaborative research on deltas and coastal geology in East and Southeast Asia have been carried out continuously from previous years with counterparts of these countries; China, Vietnam and Cambodia. Two Chinese researchers from Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology (QIMG), CGS were invited to GSJ/AIST for collaborative research on sedimentation and geology of the Yellow Sea for two weeks in February 2012, supported by the AIST fellowship program and Mega-delta program of the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of Japan. The results of joint studies on paleo-environments in the Yellow Sea between GSJ/AIST and Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 118 CCOP Technical Secretariat

122 QIMG/CGS were submitted to Marine Geology and Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. Other collaborative research with China on the coastal environmental changes of the Yangtze delta was published by Wang et al. (2012, Quaternary Science Reviews, 35, 51 62). Joint field surveys on beach ridges and tidal beaches of the Mekong River delta were conducted with HCMC Institute of Resources Geography, VAST in October-November 2011 and February 2012 for understanding the late Holocene evolution and coastal erosion of the Mekong River delta, supported by the Mega-delta program of the MOE. The results of collaborative research on the Mekong River delta since 2010 were published from Tamura et al. (2012, Geology, 40, ), Hanebuth et al. (2012, Sedimentary Geology, , ), and Tamura et al. (2012, Marine Geology, online). The result of collaborative research on the evolution of the upper Mekong River delta, Cambodia, with GDMR was published in Li et al. (2012, Quaternary Research, 78, ). The paleo-environmetal study of the Red River delta, Vietnam was also conducted jointly and was published by Tanaka et al. (2011, Marine Micropaleontology 81, 77 87) and Funabiki et al. (2012, The Holocene, 22, ). Programme Contact Person: Dr. Yoshiki Saito, Institute of Geology and Geoinformation (IGG), GSJ, AIST 5. GEO-HAZARDS PROGRAMME 5.1. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Urgent Research Related to the 2011 Great Tohoku Earthquake The magnitude (M) 9.0 Tohoku earthquake, which occurred near the northeastern coast of Honshu, the main island of Japan, at 14:46 JST (05:46 UTC) on March 11, 2011, resulted from thrust faulting on shallow parts of the plate boundary of the subduction zone. The M of 9.0 is the largest value ever recorded in Japan. The damage report as of July 31, 2012 from the Cabinet Office, Government of Japan states that 15,876 people were killed, 2,903 are missing, 6,109 were injured, at least 300,000 houses, 4,200 roads, 116 bridges, and 29 railways were destroyed or damaged by the earthquake and/or subsequent tsunami along the entire eastern coast of Honshu, as well as the Fukushima nuclear power plants. The majority of casualties and damage occurred from the tsunami with a maximum run-up height of about 40 m at Miyako City. Many aftershocks and induced inland large earthquakes have still been occurring, sometimes causing damage. GSJ/AIST has urgently made plans for research surveys from geological viewpoints to understand the disasters and to evaluate future risks of tsunamis, inland earthquakes, soil liquefaction, soil contamination, and ground water pollution. The plans and/or preliminary results are described in the following sections Study for Evaluating Tsunami Risk The tsunami survey of the 2011 earthquake showed that tsunami inundation can actually reach 1-2 km further than the landward limit of the distribution of past(?) tsunami deposits. To more precisely estimate future tsunami inundation areas, it is highly important not only Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 119 CCOP Technical Secretariat

123 to focus on the distribution of the past tsunami sand layer, but also to evaluate the scale of tsunami inundation, applying methods such as chemical component analysis combining with tsunami simulations. This instruction should be immediately applied to other coastal areas facing subduction zones such as the Nankai Trough, which have potential to cause giant tsunamis in the near future. GSJ/AIST therefore conducts field surveys in Shimokita Peninsula, Boso Peninsula, the Suruga Bay area, the Enshu-nada coast and Shionomisaki Cape. It should be specially mentioned that, in the Shionomisaki Cape, we identified tsunami boulders which are thought could be moved at only at the time of a giant earthquake such as the 1707 Hoei earthquake (M 8.6). This new evidence for a past tsunami would be a key to evaluate the actual magnitude of a tsunami in the worst case. Figure 5. Survey areas for paleotsunami study conducted after the 2011 earthquake (right figure) and photo of tsunami boulders identified in Shionomisaki Cape (left photo). Programme Contact Person: Dr. Masanobu Shishikura, Active Fault and Earthquake Research Center (AFERC), GSJ, AIST, m.shishikura@aist.go.jp Study for Evaluating Inland Earthquakes Risk The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake has largely increased seismicity not only in the focal region, but also in inland areas of eastern Japan distant from the main shock focal region. Among these distant induced earthquakes, the seriously-damaging M 7.0 normal fault earthquake in the Iwaki region occurred a month after the main shock along the two C-class (less active) active faults (Figure 6). GSJ, thus, planed urgent surveys to understand and to evaluate risks of induced inland earthquakes: The paleo-seismological, geophysical exploration and crustal stress studies have been carried out on these faults to study why the peculiar large normal fault event occurred in the Tohoku area, which is considered to be under a reverse fault stress regime. Seismic reflection and borehole drilling surveys are also planned on the Fukaya and the Ayasegawa reverse fault zones in the Kanto region to clarify flexure structures due to paleo-earthquake fault motions for evaluations of hazard due to the flexure by a future earthquake. We also plan to make databases of DEM and geological formation displacements around eastern Japan for the estimation of underground fault structures. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 120 CCOP Technical Secretariat

124 Figure 6. Induced seismicity in inland area of eastern Japan. Seismic activities especially in solid ellipsoidal regions have become high. Figure 7. Summary of GSJ urgent survey plans after the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. Programme Contact Person: Dr. Yasuto Kuwahara, Active Fault and Earthquake Research Center (AFERC), GSJ, AIST Study on Soil Liquefaction Risk The 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake caused soil liquefaction in many areas, even in Kanto District. Soil liquefaction occurs under specific ground conditions of fine-grain sand layers loosely formed, shallow groundwater level and geological structure causing strong ground motion. This research project focuses on a downstream area of the Tone River as a target area, and investigates the above factors there, applying various geophysical investigation methods: electrical resistivity and seismic reflection techniques, in situ cone penetration test, drilling and trench excavation surveys. In addition, by using old topographical maps of the whole of Japan, micro-topography analysis has been conducted to estimate the rough potential of liquefaction on a large scale. The final goals of our project are 1) developing a system to show liquefaction risk on a large scale instantly after the occurrence of a certain earthquake, 2) making a detailed liquefaction potential map based on the investigation in the downstream area of the Tone River, and 3) developing more effective ground investigation techniques to realize a detailed estimation of liquefaction risk. The most important thing is informing local governments and the public about these outputs and promoting their practical use. Programme Contact Person: Yuji Mitsuhata, Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment (GREEN), GSJ, AIST y.mitsuhata@aist.go.jp Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 121 CCOP Technical Secretariat

125 Study on Soil Contamination Risk Soil contamination caused by natural and man-made materials is a great concern at coastal areas of eastern Japan in the cases of huge tsunami events. A large quantity of tsunami deposits and sediments has been found in land and agricultural fields. Those contain saline and hazardous materials as well as natural sandy and muddy components that originated from marine sediments. Particularly, toxic elements of arsenic and lead components in tsunami deposits have the possibility of health and ecological risks. Thus we have surveyed tsunami-flooded areas along the eastern coast of Honshu Island, from Aomori to Chiba prefectures, to identify various kinds of geological and geochemical evidence of huge tsunami attacks. To clarify the origin of tsunami sediments and the correlation between coastal and terrestrial sediments, we have investigated the transport of sediments and the behaviour of heavy metals in material circulation. The interaction between terrestrial and coastal sediments has been investigated by geological survey applying a coupled methodology. As a result, it was found that tsunami sediments have a layering structure similar to turbidite deposits formed by several hits in a short period. The effected lands are covered by almost sandy sediments with some layers of silt or clay minerals, which have relatively higher content of organic substances and sulphate. In addition, soils and sediments that originated from tsunami contain relatively higher concentrations of arsenic and lead elements, compared with natural background. This suggests that the deposits were transported from marine muddy sediments with anaerobic environment, and that the soil characteristics may gradually change in time due to microbiological activity. The risk assessment has also showed that the risk level of arsenic and lead in the deposits is not so high compared with industrial soil contamination. Based on the geochemical survey, a risk map of soil contamination will be developed for various hazardous materials. Programme Contact Person: Dr. Takeshi Komai, Institute of Geo-resources and Environment (GREEN), GSJ, AIST takeshi-komai@aist.go.jp Study on Groundwater Contamination Risk Groundwater flow simulation has been carried out in Fukushima for investigating the potential migration of polluted water from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant after its accident caused by the 2011 Great Tohoku Earthquake and subsequent tsunami. Detailed 3D hydro-geological models were constructed for the whole Fukushima Prefecture to examine inward/outward groundwater flows into/from the area surrounding the nuclear power plant. The model utilizes the AIST s database on geologic basement depths (Koshigai et al., submitted) to set the depth of each geological layer. A constant recharge rate was assumed based on the dataset of submarine groundwater discharge in the Japan islands (Ito and Marui, 2010). Directions of the simulated groundwater flow are shown in Figure 8. Outward groundwater flows are dominantly toward the west and south rather than to the north along the circle of 30 km radius of the nuclear power plant. This result indicates a future possibility that shallow groundwater can be contaminated in areas in the south and west of the plant, if polluted particles are emitted in the zone within 30 km radius. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 122 CCOP Technical Secretariat

126 Figure 8. Groundwater flow simulation around Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Programme Contact Person: Dr. Atsunao Marui, Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment (GREEN), GSJ, AIST Other Earthquake Related Studies Studies of Active Faults Eight onshore active faults: Mahirusanchi-toen, Ochigata, Yanagase-Sekigahara (Figure 9), Yamada, Tonamiheiya, Nishiyama, Sami and Shirakawa fault zones, and eight offshore active faults: Futagawa-Hinagu (Figure 10), Fukuiheiya-toen, Kuromatsunai, Kurehayama, Hakodateheiya-seien, Aomoriwan-seigan, Urazoko-Yanagaseyama and Gomura fault zones, were surveyed by GSJ to determine their distributions and past activities with the financial support of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). The results of these studies will contribute to the long-term evaluation by the Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion of the Japanese Government. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 123 CCOP Technical Secretariat

127 Figure 9. Trenching study at the Yanagase-Sekigahara fault zone in Shiga Prefecture Figure 10. High-resolution seismic profile of Futagawa-Hinagu fault zone, SW Japan Programme Contact Person: Dr. Toshikazu Yoshioka, Active Fault and Earthquake Research Center (AFERC), GSJ, AIST Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 124 CCOP Technical Secretariat

128 Studies on Seismogenic Processes GSJ has been implementing a research project to develop a physically-based method for long-term forecasts of inland active-fault earthquakes. The main study area is the Itoigawa-Shizuoka tectonic line (ISTL) about 150 km long, in central Japan. We have first elucidated a non-uniform stress field along ISTL in terms of a stress tensor inversion with abundant focal mechanism solutions of ultra-micro earthquakes. Secondly, we have been developing a rheological model of the subsurface structure around the entire Japan islands for simulating crustal stress and deformation field around some regions including the ISTL area. We are further developing a prototype model of inland crustal stress accumulations on the Japanese islands resulting from interactions of the inland plate with surrounding oceanic Pacific and Philippine Sea plates (Figure 11). The combination of the rheological and the stress accumulation models and stress state observations will serve as the initial step toward physically-based long-term forecasts of large inland earthquakes. Figure 11. Stress state simulated using plate interactions model, such as subduction of the Pacific and the Philippine Sea plates with irregular shapes and collision of the Izu Peninsula on the Philippine Sea plate. A hypothesis of westward propagation of the Japan Trench is also accounted in the simulation. Programme Contact Person: Dr. Yasuto Kuwahara, Active Fault and Earthquake Research Center (AFERC), GSJ, AIST, y-kuwahra@aist.go.jp Precise Monitoring System for the Tokai, Tonankai and Nankai Earthquakes GSJ/AIST has constructed fourteen observatories in and around expected focal zones of the Nankai and Tonankai earthquakes, monitoring groundwater and borehole strain from 2006 to Observation wells of 30, 200 and 600 m deep are constructed at each observatory. Groundwater level and groundwater temperature are measured in each well, and a multi-component borehole strainmeter and a borehole tiltmeter are installed at the bottom of either the 600 m-deep well or the 200-m deep well. The purposes of this observation array are (i) to detect groundwater and strain anomalies associated with the possible preseismic, co- and afterseismic crustal deformation, and (ii) to precisely map short-term slow slip events (SSEs), whose activity is expected to change before the Nankai and Tonankai earthquakes. GSJ/AIST and the National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED) started to exchange AIST s borehole strainmeter data and the NIED s Hi-net tiltmeter data on a real-time basis in The mapping accuracy of the fault model of the SSEs in and around the expected focal zones of the Tonankai and Tokai earthquakes has Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 125 CCOP Technical Secretariat

129 been improved by analyzing both AIST strainmeter and the NIED Hi-net tiltmeter data (Figure 12). Figure 12. Improvement of fault model of SSE. Fault model of SSE by using AIST strainmeter and tilt data (top left), fault model by using the Hi-net tiltmeter data (top right), and fault model by using both AIST strainmeter/tiltmeter and Hi-net tiltmeter data (bottom) Programme Contact Person: Dr. Norio Matsumoto, Active Fault and Earthquake Research Center (AFERC), GSJ, AIST, International Collaborative Surveys on Active Faults and Paleoseismicity GSJ/AIST conducted international collaborative surveys on active faults and paleoseismicity in Indonesia with the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) and in Turkey with the General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA). We carried out a series of hand-boring arrays and a trench excavation at the Lembang fault in the suburbs of Bandung, Java Island, Indonesia to contribute the evaluation of earthquake potential of the active fault. This survey was supported by the Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS) program of Japanese Government, and we evaluated the long-term slip rate and revealed possible three faulting events since 13 ka from the fault. In Turkey, we also excavated trenches across the 1939 Erzincan earthquake segment of the North Anatolian fault system to study the faulting behavior through historical earthquake cycles. Evidence of several paleoearthquakes including historical events in the 16th and 17th centuries were found by the excavation. Programme Contact Person: Yasuo Awata, Active Fault and Earthquake Research Center (AFERC), GSJ, AIST awata-y@aist.go.jp Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 126 CCOP Technical Secretariat

130 5.1.3 Volcanic Hazards The GSJ/AIST is studying volcanic and magmatic activities from a multi-disciplinary viewpoint. Eruptive histories of active volcanoes were studied with radiometric dating techniques and geological mapping. Quadrangle geological maps (scale 1:50,000) of Haruna Volcano, Atami including the southern part of Hakone Volcano, and Toga and Funakawa including Ichinomegata Volcano have been published. Kirishima-Shinmoedake, Kyushu Island, SW Japan, erupted in the end of January The GSJ/AIST surveyed the distribution of volcanic ash estimating the erupted volume, analyzed eruptive ash, and observed volcanic gas chemistry (Figure 13). Figure 13. The 2011 Eruption of Kirishima-Shinmoedake. Photo by S. Takarada (GSJ, AIST) The data base on Japanese active volcanoes, and Quaternary active volcanoes in Japan have been revised. Image database for volcanoes was revised to add new data on eruptions. GEO Grid volcanic gravity flow simulation system was released to public (Figure 14). Joining the JST-JICA project, Multi-disciplinary Hazard reduction from earthquakes and volcanoes in Indonesia during the period of , GSJ/AIST conducted a cooperative study to geologically evaluate the frequency and process of caldera-forming eruptions with the Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation, Indonesia. The GSJ/AIST performed geological survey on historical eruptive products from Klyuchevskoy Volcano in Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia with Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Russian Academy of Sciences and Hokkaido University. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 127 CCOP Technical Secretariat

131 Figure14. Example of Kirishima Volcano by GEO Grid volcanic gravity flow simulation system. Figure lava flow from Klyuchevskoy Volcano. Photo taken in September Programme Contact Person: Dr. Akira Takada, Institute of Geology and Geoinformation (IGG), GSJ, AIST Asia-Pacific Region Global Earthquake and Volcanic Eruption Risk Management (G-EVER) The first workshop of the Asia-Pacific Region Global Earthquake and Volcanic Eruption Risk Management (G-EVER1) was held in Tsukuba City, Japan, from February 22 to 24, 2012, focusing on the formulation of strategies to reduce risks of worldwide disasters caused by earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions. The workshop was attended by 152 participants from 12 countries and regions representing 56 national and international institutes. The participants were encouraged by successful risk mitigation activities and Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 128 CCOP Technical Secretariat

132 progress of local and global risk reduction efforts in their countries and international groups. Collaboration between geohazard institutes and organizations in the Asia-Pacific region is expected to advance the science of natural hazards and contribute to reducing casualties and property losses caused by natural disasters. The G-EVER1 Accord was approved during the workshop. It consists of 10 recommendations including enhancing collaboration, sharing of resources, and making the information about the risks of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions freely accessible and understandable. The G-EVER Hub website has been established to promote the exchange of information and knowledge among the Asia-Pacific countries. Several G-EVER working groups and task forces, such as (1) large-scale earthquake risk assessment, (2) large-scale volcanic eruption risk assessment, (3) next-generation real-time volcano hazard assessment, and (4) earthquake and volcano hazard mapping in the Asia-Pacific region, have been proposed. Establishing data interchange standards and standardized analytical methods for geohazard risk management is also an important target to promote data sharing and comparative analyses in the world. G-EVER workshop is planned to be held every 2 years in the Asia-Pacific countries in conjunction with major regional events such as AOGS, WPGM and AGU meetings. Figure 16. Participants of G-EVER1 Workshop at AIST Tsukuba Central, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. G-EVER Hubsite: G-EVER 1 Accord: Programme Contact Person: Dr. Shinji Takarada, Institute of Geology and Geoinformation (IGG), GSJ, AIST s-takarada@aist.go.jp Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 129 CCOP Technical Secretariat

133 6. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY PROGRAMME 6.1. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Nuclear Waste Disposal High-level radioactive waste disposal is the concern of various public and private institutions whose websites are listed below (under related websites ). GSJ/AIST primarily supports the establishment of safety regulation through geoscientific research by the Research Core for Deep Geological Environments (DGCore/GSJ/AIST), which has two issues as requirements for the national regulation; studies for reviewing the validity of preliminary and detailed survey results and studies for the safety assessment at licensing. In the former studies, concrete safety indicators for judgment will be devised to evaluate whether the preliminary and detailed survey results by the implementer meet the safety requirements stated in the Designated Radioactive Waste Final Disposal Act, while in the latter the basic concepts for the technical judgment at the license application such as general requirements for safe design and basics on safety assessment will be compiled and safety indicators for judgment will be devised based on these basic concepts. Other related research, by the Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment (GREEN/GSJ/AIST), are the investigations of groundwater behavior along the saltwaterfresh water interface and developing high-resolution geophysical imaging techniques. Related websites: NISA JAEA JNES ANRE NUMO CRIEPI RWMC Programme Contact Person: Dr. Yoshio Watanabe, Research Core for Deep Geological Environments, GSJ, AIST Soil Contamination The Ministry of the Environment enacted the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Law in 2002 to protect the human health from soil and groundwater contamination, which was later amended in The law also urges the Japanese Government to establish a national fund programme for the remediation of contaminated land when the cause of pollution is not clear and local governments cannot identify the party who is responsible for the remediation. GSJ/AIST, together with many private companies (geological consulting, mining, civil engineering, etc.), have been involved in these problems and conducted research and development. Since the enactment of this law, more than several hundred cases of soil contamination have been discovered every year. Most of them require geological survey and corrective actions. Therefore, we have concentrated on more practical and urgent countermeasures especially for industrial environmental management. To ensure the smooth implementation of the surveys and countermeasures, GSJ/AIST has started a geochemical mapping project of toxic heavy metals in selected regions in Japan. The Geochemical and Risk Assessment Map of Subsurface Soils of Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 130 CCOP Technical Secretariat

134 Miyagi, Tottori and Toyama Prefectures were published in fiscal years of 2007, 2008 and 2011, respectively. The geo-informatics project compiled many data and GIS maps that are needed for environmental risk assessment, land utilization for industries, and as an intellectual foundation. GSJ/AIST intends these maps to be used as reference data for local governments and various fields of private industry and individuals concerned with land use. An interdisciplinary program among five research units in AIST was being implemented from 2002 to develop site assessment models and remediation technologies of soil contamination. We have developed a site-specific risk assessment system, which is available for site assessment of contaminated land. The more detailed simulation system was published and disclosed in 2009, and was modified for integrated purpose. The computer software, Geo-environment Risk Assessment System (GERAS), has been distributed to more than one thousand companies and institutions, as well as overseas institutes. Remediation technologies for cleaning up the sites polluted by heavy metals and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) have been developed with emphasis on utilization of natural energy and sources, such as solar energy and microbes. A research project focused on monitoring and assessment of radioactive pollution due to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant accident has been launched. Soil contamination caused by the Tsunami disaster on 11th of March, 2011 has also become a target of the survey. The results related to soil contamination risk induced by the Tsunami Disaster are summarized and reported in Section above. Programme Contact Person: Dr. Takeshi Komai, Institute of Geo-resources and Environment (GREEN), GSJ, AIST takeshi-komai@aist.go.jp CO 2 Storage (CCS) To provide technical support for the practical use of CO2 geological storage, we have launched a joint research project on safety evaluation with national research institutes under the U.S. Department of Energy in The project includes two subjects, the development of cost-effective geophysical monitoring tools and the development of fault modeling techniques including geomechanical processes. The former subject involves LANL (Los Alamos National Laboratory) and aims to develop cost-effective and multilateral geophysical monitoring tools that can be used to complement seismic surveys. We had summarized a joint work plan to conduct several survey techniques including gravity, self-potential, and natural micro-earthquakes measurements at the CO2 injection site in the United States. The latter subject involves LBNL (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) and aims to develop modeling techniques to incorporate geological deformation and geomechanical processes into a numerical simulation model for predicting long-term CO2 behavior and the risk assessment. In this subject a natural-analogue technique is applied to construct the model with faults. There are many small-medium CO2 emission sources such as industrial disposals in Japan. A feasibility study to store a small amount of CO2 in a shallower reservoir was conducted. 100,000 tons of CO2 can be annually stored if the permeability and porosity of storage and cap rock formations are suitable. In addition, we have promoted technology exchanges and the dissemination of our research and development results. The 3rd and 4th joint Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 131 CCOP Technical Secretariat

135 workshops on the CO2 geological storage with the Korea Institute of Geosciences and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) were held at AIST (Tsukuba) in Dec and at KIGAM (Daejeon) in Dec. 2011, respectively. In 2011, we have promoted the above-mentioned collaborative research work with the US national research institutes. We also investigated the possibility of induced seismicity from CO 2 injection and the effect of strong motion on reservoir integrity based on research data from the Tomakomai site, Hokkaido, the candidate site for a large-scale demonstration project of CO 2 geological storage. Our results were used to evaluate total reservoir assessments and project planning at the site, contributing to the advancement of the project. Programme Contact Person: Dr. Shinsuke Nakao, Institute of Geo-resources and Environment (GREEN), GSJ, AIST sh-nakao@aist.go.jp 6.2. Activities of Other Institutes, Universities and Organizations Kanazawa University Kanazawa University concentrated its activities in the CCOP region from the second half of 2010 to the first half of 2012 mainly in Cambodia as follows: Two research programmes "ERDAC (Environment Research Development in Angkor Region, Cambodia)" in cooperation with the Authority for Protection and Management of Angkor and the Region of Siem Reap (APSARA Authority), Cambodia since 2006 and "EMSB (Evaluation of Mechanisms Sustaining the Biodiversity in Lake Tonle Sap, Cambodia)" since 2003 with Department of Geology, General Department of Mineral Resources (GDMR) and the APSARA Authority have been implemented during the period. The ERDAC programme, in which nine Japanese universities and institutions have been participating, aims first to evaluate the present state of environment, namely atmosphere, forests, ground- and surface-water and aqueous organisms in and around the area of the Angkor World Heritage, and secondly to realise pollution-free harmonised environment among nature, cultural heritage and people in the area on the basis of the results of abovestated evaluations. As the phase I of the ERDAC programme was completed in March 2009, the phase 2, in which the programme includes social and human sciences to grasp changes of life-styles and mentality of the local people living in the Angkor area corresponding to the present environmental situation, has started in As a part of the activities of the programme, the university has sent eight undergraduate students to the APSARA Authority as interns in every year since 2010 (Figure 17). The international symposium Local Societies and Inhabitants in the Angkor World Heritage in Relation to Recent Environmental Changes of Cambodia was held in Kanazawa in January 2012 with the supports of UNESCO/Phnom Penh Office, the APSARA Authority, and Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology of Kanazawa University (Figure 18). Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 132 CCOP Technical Secretariat

136 On the other hand, regarding the EMSB programme, several regular activities, in which 13 Japanese universities and institutions have been participating, have been carried out since 2003 such as transverse water quality measurements, bottom sediment samplings, continuous meteorological observation, plant ecological investigation in the floodplain area, and invertebrate zoological and ichthyological studies in and around Lake Tonle Sap. An additional activity of Kanazawa University in Cambodia includes academic support to a newly-established department of geoscience in the Institute of Technology of Cambodia (ITC) in The university concluded the Agreements for Cooperation and Exchange with CCOP in March 2011 for sustainable and creative development, and capacity buildings in the CCOP region. Programme Contact Person: Professor Shinji Tsukawaki, Division of Eco-Technology, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University shinji@se.kanazawa-u.ac.jp Web: Figure 17. A group photograph of the 3rd Kanazawa University Internship Programme in the APSARA National Authority of Cambodia held in August Figure 18. A snapshot of the International Symposium Local Societies and Inhabitants in the Angkor World Heritage in Relation to Recent Environmental Changes of Cambodia held in Kanazawa University in January Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 133 CCOP Technical Secretariat

137 GEO-INFORMATION SECTOR 7. GEO-DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME 7.1. Activity Report of the Geological Survey of Japan Publication Maps During the period of this report (July 2010 June 2012), GSJ published 10 sheet maps, 10 CD-ROMs and 1 DVD-ROM. The coverage over the land reaches approximately 74% at a scale of 1:50,000 and 1:75,000, and 100% at a scale of 1:200,000. Print-on-demand and library copy services of geological maps are continued. 1:50,000 Geological Map (5) 1:200,000 Geological Map (1) 1:50,000 Total Intensity Aeromagnetic Anomaly Map (1) 1:100,000 Gravity Map (1) 1:3,000,000 Mineral Resources Map of Central Asia (1) 1:5,000,000 Geological Map of Asia (1) Marine Sedimentological Map (6 CD-ROMs) Digital Geological Maps of Japan 1:200,000, North Hokkaido, 2nd Edition (CD- ROM) Digital Geological Maps of Japan 1:200,000, South Hokkaido, 2nd Edition (CD- ROM) Integrated Geophysical Maps of Usu Volcano (CD-ROM) Geochemical and risk assessment map of subsurface soils of Toyama Prefecture (CD-ROM) Seamless geoinformation of coastal zone coastal zone around Niigata (DVD-ROM) ( Others During the period, GSJ published 19 geoscientific reports. The Chishitsu News, monthly magazine with almost 60-year history to enhance geoscientific knowledge among the public, was discontinued in March 2011, and was reformed and renamed as the GSJ Chishitsu News from January New geoscientific reports: Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Japan (Vol.61, No.7/8 - Vol.62, No.11/12) (9) Annual Report on Active Fault and Paleoearthquake Researches (No ) (2) GSJ Interim Report (No.51-58) (8) Program Contact Person: Shun Nakano, Geoinformation Center, GSJ, AIST nakano.shun@aist.go.jp Databases Major GSJ s online databases are a part of the AIST Research Information Databases (RIO-DB), which are accessible through the internet at Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 134 CCOP Technical Secretariat

138 The construction of geoscientific databases has steadily progressed. The followings are the major databases provided by the GSJ. Geological Literature Search Geological Literature Search System (GEOLIS) and World Geological Map Search System (G-MAPI) has been merged into Geological Literature Search (Integrate GEOLIS). Geochemical map of Japan Petrophysical Data Base of Basement Rocks Seamless Digital Geological Map of Japan (1:200,000) Groundwater, Strain and Seismograph Presentation System (Well Web) Geological Metadata Clearinghouse Active Fault Database in Japan Geological Hazard Mapping of East and Southeast Asia Database of Underground Structure and Borehole Log in the Kanto Plain (Japanese) Gravity Database (GALILEO) Programme Contact Person: Dr. Satoshi Tsuchida, Geoinformation Center, GSJ, AIST Metadata and Standards GSJ has been working as one of the node server-operating organizations for the Japanese Government's Geographic Information Clearinghouse and providing the metadata of GSJ's maps records in Japan Metadata Profile (JMP) ver. 2.0 formats have been registered in GSJ's database as of March GSJ also provided the metadata of the maps of Japan and CCOP region at the RIO-DB website Japanese records and 5032 CCOP records have been recorded in the RIO-DB version database as of March Programme Contact Person: Yoshiaki Sugawara, Geoinformation Center, GSJ, AIST Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 135 CCOP Technical Secretariat

139 7.1.4 GEO Grid GEO Grid (Global Earth Observation Grid) is a grid technology system to securely and rapidly provide large archives of earth observation satellite data, geoscientific information, and integrated services with various observation databases and GIS data in an easy-to-use form. GSJ is promoting GEO Grid as a collaborating research project with two other research units of AIST: Information Technology Res. Inst. (ITRI) and Inst. for Environmental Management Technology (EMTech). Programme Contact Person: Dr. Satoshi Tsuchida, Geoinformation Center, GSJ, AIST s.tsuchida@aist.go.jp OneGeology The OneGeology project is an international initiative of the geology surveys of the world which aims to create a dynamic geological map data of the world that is web-accessible. GSJ has been actively participating in the project. It provides the leadership and technical expertise in the implementation of the OneGeology project in the East and Southeast Asian region. GSJ also conducts workshops on how to setup the web mapping service (WMS) in the region. The GEO Grid server is presently hosting the WMS of the 1:1 million geological maps of Japan and the following Southeast Asian countries: Philippines, Indonesia and Malaysia GEO Grid server is also hosting the 1:2 million geological map covering East Asia. It is also currently preparing the geological maps of Mongolia, Vietnam and Papua New Guinea for inclusion to the OneGeology portal. Under the GEO Grid system, the servers responses to WMS requests are now very fast. The servers are also capable of handling a high volume of requests. Figure 19. ASEAN WMS Workshop in Japan Figure 20. OneGeology Map of Japan Programme Contact Person: Dr. Eikichi Tsukuda, Director-General of GSJ; Vice President, AIST e-tsukuda@aist.go.jp Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 136 CCOP Technical Secretariat

140 8. OUTREACH ACTIVITIES 8.1. Geopark (Japan Geopark Committee) Geological Survey of Japan promotes the activity of Geoparks in Japan as the secretariat of the Japan Geopark Committee (JGC). The JGC was established in May JGC authorizes national Geopark (Japan Geopark) and also recommends appropriate areas for registration in the Global Geopark Network (GGN) through the evaluation of application dossier and on-site evaluation. Five geoparks, Tohya-Usu, Itoigawa, San in Kaigan, Muroto, and Unzen Geoparks, are members of the GGN and Oki Geopark is now under the evaluating process by GGN. As of August 2012, twenty national geoparks including above mentioned five global geoparks have been authorized by JGC. They cooperate with each other under the umbrella of Japanese Geoparks Network (JGN). Homepages: Japan Geopark Committee: (Japanese only) Japan Geopark Network: Programme Contact Person: Dr. Mahito Watanabe, Geological Museum, GSJ, AIST Geo-Network Tsukuba Geo-Network TSUKUBA, established by Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ) and Tsukuba City in 2009 and funded by the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) (until March 2012), is a new-style multiagency network to promote outreach activities concerning geo-environmental science in the areas around Mt. Tsukuba. The Geological Museum of GSJ serves as the executive office. The network consists of 19 affiliates: 2 city governments (Tsukuba and Sakuragawa), 2 educational institutions (the University of Tsukuba and Takezono High School), 8 research organizations (Public Works Research Institute (PWRI), National Institution for Environmental Studies (NIES), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED), Tsukuba Botanical Garden (National Museum of Nature and Science) and GSJ, AIST), one science museum (Tsukuba Expo Center), 4 companies (Radio Tsukuba, OYO Corporation, Simpleway Corporation and Ritz n) and 2 private organizations (Tsukuba-CU and Tsukuba Interdisciplinary Environmental Education Seminar (TIEES)). Under the common scheme of Geo-Environment, the members exchange and share useful knowledge to promote their outreach activities. The network itself also provides the citizens many educational opportunities such as science-cafes, field excursions and presentations to enhance public interest in geo-environment, and these activities have successfully improved geo-environmental educational level among the citizens. The network is expected to contribute to the citizens in constructing sustainable society in the area. Program Contact Person: Dr. Tatsuya Sumita, Geological Museum, GSJ, AIST t.sumita@aist.go.jp Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 137 CCOP Technical Secretariat

141 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia Member Country Report KOREA Submitted by The Delegation of Korea (For Agenda Item 3) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 138 CCOP Technical Secretariat

142 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) , Fax: +66 (0) , Website: ANNUAL MEMBER COUNTRY REPORT Country: KOREA Period: 1 July June MINERAL PROGRAMME GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR 1.1. Summary National programmes of geological survey and mineral exploration in Korea were carried out by the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) and the Korea Resources Corporation (KORES). KIGAM s domestic mineral exploration project was focused on the potential evaluation of domestic mineral resources in REE, W, and Li deposits or in anomalous areas. KIGAM s overseas joint mineral exploration and evaluation programmes were targeting on three continental regions of Asia (Uzbekistan, Mongolia and Vietnam), South America (Colombia), and Africa (DR Congo and Ethiopia). KORES is running a drilling support programme (total 55,000 m) and was carrying out 55 detailed exploration projects for domestic metallic and non-metallic mines/deposits funded by the government. KORES also actively performed overseas mineral exploration and survey projects, which were mainly preliminary surveys, in many countries abroad. These latter projects are to be gradually expanded Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Shown in Table 1.1 is a summary of KIGAM s domestic mineral exploration project. This project aims to evaluate and secure potential resources in Korea. Table 1.1 KIGAM s Activities of the Domestic Mineral Exploration Title Period Target Deposits Activities Re-evaluation of abandoned metallic deposits (W, etc.) Jan ~ Dec Weondong W deposit - Surface geological and geochemical survey - Drilling exploration Exploration and evaluation of Rare Metal Resources Jan. 2012~ Dec Chungju & Hongcheon REE anomaly zones -Wondong W deposit -Uljin Li deposit - Geological mapping - Geochemical exploration - Geophysical exploration - Drilling KORES executed a drilling support programme for operating mines and for prospecting deposits such as Au-Ag, Pb-Zn, Cu, W, Ti(Fe), Mo, limestone, quartzite, pyrophyllite, graphite and bentonite deposits in Korea. In 2012, KORES has a plan to support a total drilling depth of 55,000 m (23,000 m for metallic deposits and 32,000 m for nonmetallic deposits). KORES was also actively carrying out 50 detailed exploration projects for Au-Ag, Fe, Mo-W, Pb-Zn, U, limestone, dolomite and quartzite deposits to secure new resources (Table 1.2). Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 139 CCOP Technical Secretariat

143 Table 1.2. KORES s Activities of the Domestic Mineral Exploration Title Period Activities Drilling support programmes for domestic mineral deposits and prospecting areas 55 detailed exploration projects for Mo, limestone etc About 32,000 m drilling of non-metallic mineral deposits (limestone quartzite, pyrophyllite, bentonite deposits) - 23,000 m drilling of metallic mineral deposits (Au-Ag, Pb-Zn, Mo, Fe, W deposits etc.) - Drilling of Au-Ag, Mo, Fe and limestone deposits - Exploration of vein type Mo deposits, Fe and U deposit, and some limestone deposits KIGAM s overseas mineral cooperation programmes are summarized in Table 1.3. Table 1.3. KIGAM s Cooperative Activities on Overseas Mineral Resources Target Title Period Activities Countries Potential evaluation and exploration of overseas mineral resources Potential evaluation and exploration of overseas mineral resources Jan ~ Dec Jan. 2012~ Dec Mongolia Uzbekistan Vietnam DR Congo Ethiopia Colombia - Surface geological survey - Geochemical exploration - Test drilling - Basic geological survey and mineral exploration KORES was actively carrying out about 37 overseas mineral exploration and survey projects for the deposit evaluation in CCOP Member Countries (China, Philippines) and Cooperating and Related Countries (Australia, Canada, Mongolia, Peru, Bolivia, Mexico, Madagascar, Niger, Panama, USA, South Africa, Tanzania, Argentina, and Chile). The summary of the main projects is shown in Table 1.4. Table 1.4. KORES Cooperative Activities on Overseas Mineral Resources Title Period Target Countries & Deposit Activities Australia Queensland Emerald Athena Coal deposit Target drilling Australia Queensland Emerald Taroborah Coal deposit Regional drilling Australia New South Wales Newcastle Wyong Coal deposit Environmental approval process Australia New South Wales Moolarben Coal deposit In production Australia New South Wales Lithgow Springvale Coal deposit In production Preliminary Jul Australia Queensland Emerald Overseas In production ~ Minerva Coal deposit Mineral Jun Australia New South Wales Lithgow Angusplace Coal deposit Exploration In production Australia Queensland Bowen Cockatoo Coal deposit In production & Target drilling Australia Queensland Bowen Togara North Coal deposit Feasibility study Australia New South Wales Narrabri Coal deposit In production Peru Ancash Celendin Cu deposit Regional drilling Canada Sudbury Shakespeare Cu deposit Test drilling for production Mexico Sata Rosalia Boleo Cu deposit Preparatory production Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 140 CCOP Technical Secretariat

144 Philippines RapuRapu Cu deposit Bolivia La Pa CoroCoro Cu deposit Mongol Bulgan Erdene Erdenet Cu deposit Panama Colon Donoso Cobre Panama Cu deposit Peru Rima Marcona Cu deposit China Shanxi Beifang Tongye Cu deposit Australia Queensland Bolia Cu-Zn deposit Madagascar Ambatovy Ni deposit West Austalia White Cliff Ni deposit China Jiangsu Changjiahang Ni-Lime deposit China Pao-t ou Yongxian REE deposit China Shaanxi Xian-Maxon REE deposit Australia South Australia Maree Ur deposit Canada Sasketchewan Cree-East Ur deposit Niger Niamey Teguidda Ur deposit USA Arizona Rosemont Cu deposit Argentina Sal de Vida Li deposit Chile Atacama NX Uno Li deposit South Africa Vlakplaats Coal deposit Canada Capstone Mining Corp. (Cu) Chile Atacama Santo Domingo Cu deposit Indonesia South Kalimantan Kapuas Coal deposit South Africa Northern Cape Zandkopsdrift REE deposit Tanzania Ruvuma Mkuju Ur Deposit In production Target drilling Regional drilling In construction Feasibility Study In production Regional exploration Construction and preparatory production Regional exploration In production In construction In production Target drilling Target drilling In construction Environmental approval process Target drilling Environmental approval process Target drilling In production Definitive feasibility study Target drilling Target drilling Regional exploration 1.3. Proposed Future Activities The overseas mineral exploration and cooperative projects of Korea will be gradually increased and extended to meet governmental policy. In particular, the cooperative projects with CCOP member countries will be added continuously. Programme Contact Person: Dr. Koh, Sang-Mo / kohsm@kigam.re.kr Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 141 CCOP Technical Secretariat

145 2. ENERGY PROGRAMME 2.1. Summary Regarding the hydrocarbon upstream activities, R&D was mainly carried out by KIGAM, and the exploration and production operations were managed by the Korea National Oil Corporation (KNOC). KIGAM has been conducting four hydrocarbon R&D projects in Korea (Fig. 2.1) and in the countries abroad. KNOC has been exploring and producing hydrocarbon resources both domestically and overseas, including the CCOP region. Figure 2.1. Sedimentary basins and blocks offshore Korea Annual Review of Technical Programmes / Activities The research project entitled Exploration of Petroleum Resources on the Korean Continental Shelf has been carried out by KIGAM. The main study area from 2010 to 2012 is the Jeju Basin in the continental shelf of the South Sea, Korea. In 2010, 2D seismic data of 780 Line-km were acquired in the Jeju Basin (Fig. 2.2). At the same time, OBS (Ocean Bottom Seismometer) data of 135 Line-km were acquired in the area where the basement structure is not clear from the 2D seismic data. To produce seismic sections, computer processing is being conducted. Previously acquired data in the study area are also being collected for the data interpretation. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 142 CCOP Technical Secretariat

146 Fig D seismic data of 780 Line-km were acquired in the Jeju basin of the continental shelf of South Sea, Korea. 'Construction of Petroleum Information System on the Korean Continental Shelf' consists of the designing of the data model, development of software system, setting of hardware system and collection of petroleum exploration data. The petroleum information, including well data, seismic data, maps and reports, has been collected from the offshore the Korean Peninsula and integrated into the software system. The data is also being reinterpreted and modeled to move to the database system. A prototype system was completed in The system will be upgraded and additional data will be collected and input to the system. The Cooperative Research for Overseas Petroleum Resources Information and E&P Technology Project of 2009, studied the petroleum geology of 14 important petroliferous basins of nine countries (i.e. Algeria, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Columbia, China, India, Indonesia, Yemen) and the arctic area. The fiscal systems of three hydrocarbon-bearing countries (i.e. Brazil, Egypt and Columbia) have been reviewed. The review of E&P technologies has included geophysical characterization of the fractured reservoir, 4D seismic monitoring, hydraulic fracturing, DME technology and so on. These data will be provided to domestic private petroleum enterprises via an online petroleum information system. For the 2 nd Phase of the Overseas Petroleum Resources Project, KIGAM has commenced Research on Petroleum Geology of Petroliferous basins and International Cooperation with Oil/Gas-Producing Countries from 2010 to With regard to Gas Hydrate Development project, a total of 6600 Line-km of multichannel seismic reflection data were collected by the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources using the research vessel, Tamhae II. 3D seismic data were also acquired for assessing the gas hydrate reserves near the drilling sites of UBGH-09 and UBGH-10. An ocean-bottom seismometer survey was also carried out in the Ulleung Basin wherein UBGH- 9 and UBGH-10 sites are included. Total 13 sites data set were acquired using 8 OBSs and Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 143 CCOP Technical Secretariat

147 R/V Tamhae II. Analysis of the acquired seismic profiles associated with drilling data reveals several distinct seismic signatures indicative of natural gas-hydrate existence in the basin that is associated with vertically and/or laterally stacked mass-transport complexes. Among them, the BSR associated with enhanced reflections is most commonly found over much of the Ulleung Basin indicating a physiochemical boundary of gas hydrates overlying free gas. In the Ulleung Basin, seismic chimneys are also characterized by velocity pull-up on the seismic records (Fig. 2.3.), which appear to be caused by active migration of fluid gas vertically into the gas hydrate stability zone. Sediment cores obtained from the Ulleung Basin Gas Hydrate Expeditions were analyzed for the purpose of the following: Identification of ground truth indicating presence of near seafloor gas hydrate and gas flume, estimation of index properties for environmental impacts due to exploitation of gas hydrate, development of well bore stability model for gashydrate-bearing formation, characterization of methanotrophic microorganisms and dissolved methane concentration and estimation of molecular biomarkers of methanotrophic microorganisms. Fig Multi-channel seismic profile showing seismic chimney associated with pockmarks. Additionally, KNOC has been conducting exploration and production of domestic and overseas hydrocarbon resources, including the CCOP region. Domestic E&P: After commencing production at the Donghae-1 gas field in July 2004, another gas layer, designated the B5 Layer, with reserves of 42 billion cubic feet, was discovered in early With the completion of the layer development in November 2009, the company started the production of natural gas and oil by linking with existing production facilities at the Donghae-1 gas field. During 2009, the overall production at Donghae-1 gas field grew by 2 million barrels compared to the previous year, totaling 3.8 million barrels. Meanwhile, KNOC drilled 1 well (BP-1X) to explore untapped oil reserves under the continental shelf at Block VI-2 in the Jeju basin between November 2009 and February 2010, and found oil and gas from Eocene sandstone. From January to July 2009, while evaluating exploration potential on Block VIII in the deep waters of the East Sea through joint operation with Woodside Energy Ltd. In Australia, KNOC and Woodside jointly found prospective resources, and entered into the second two-year exploration period in August 2009, which is the first deep water drilling campaign in Korea. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 144 CCOP Technical Secretariat

148 Overseas E&P: Through its expansion strategies, KNOC is transforming itself into a worldclass national oil corporation with a daily production volume of 300 thousand barrels and reserves of 2 billion barrels by KNOC took a step closer to these goals with the acquisitions of SAVIA-Peru, Harvest Energy Trust in Canada and Sumbe in Kazakhstan in In Exploration and Production, KNOC will stimulate the efficient and optimal operation of its existing production fields by stabilizing the operations of newly-acquired blocks and implementing an integrated HSE management system. The company expected an annual and average daily production volume to reach 53.8 million barrels and 148 thousand barrels, respectively, by the end of Moreover, the company's construction of production facilities are continuing on schedule for the BlackGold oil sands block in Canada, the ADA Block in Kazakhstan, and the Block 4 in Yemen, as well as LNG production facilities in Yemen Proposed Future Activities and Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities CCOP Member Countries and Cooperating Countries are welcome to join KIGAM s hydrocarbon and gas hydrates projects Others Programme Contact Person: Dr. Park, Young-Soo / pysoo@kigam.re.kr 3. GROUNDWATER PROGRAMME 3.1. Summary Groundwater will play a more important role in water supply in the future due to climate change. KIGAM had completed a basic project, from 2009 to 2011, for securing groundwater resources for coping with climatic and environmental changes. This project is composed of the following sub-topics: (1) assessment of groundwater resources considering both quantity and quality in the Geum river basin, (2) securing groundwater through artificial recharge on water curtain cultivation areas, and (3) characterization of high-mineral water and CO 2 -rich water in Jeju Island. KIGAM started a new research programme entitled Development of integrated core technologies in aquifer recharge system for groundwater sustainability in Its goal is to provide an optimal and efficient groundwater artificial recharge system considering site-specific hydrogeologic condition. Changweon City, located in the south of Korean peninsula and suffering from frequent drought and water quality problems along the Nakdong River, was selected as a study area. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 145 CCOP Technical Secretariat

149 3.2. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities (1) Assessment of groundwater resources and prediction according to climate change Watershed scale vulnerability of the groundwater resource and recharge characteristics were evaluated according to climate change in the Geum river basin. Measurement and validation of base flow for estimation of groundwater recharge, infiltration test and assessment of in-situ soil permeability, groundwater flow modeling according to climate change, assessment of groundwater vulnerability to contamination, environmental ecological evaluation, and groundwater quality monitoring were carried out in this study. Also, monitoring and modeling were performed in Jeju Island to evaluate groundwater resource change according to sea level rise. Base flow was measured in outlets at 17 locations except for the area around river mouth. The results revealed that flow data provided by WAMIS were very different from those measured in this study, which is coming from rating curve suitable for high flow. The rating curves for low flow need to be developed to evaluate base flow. And, base flow separation using PART program developed by USGS was executed about long-term stream discharge data to assess groundwater recharge on the 17 watersheds from 2000 to The average annual base flow on the watersheds was m 3 /sec and the areal weighted mean was 43 m 3 /sec, which was equivalent to 1.34 billion m 3 /yr. Groundwater resources were evaluated according to climate change and land use change in the Geum river basin through groundwater flow modeling with WetSpass and updated modeling tool. Assessment of groundwater contamination vulnerability considering land use change in the future was performed using the Logistic regression method. The vulnerability assessments were tested to the year 2050 and 2100, and groundwater contamination were highly correlated to land uses. Finally, a GIS DB on groundwater resource vulnerability according to climate change and land use change was built, including groundwater occurrences, historic and future prospective climate change and groundwater budget, contamination vulnerability, and spatial thematic maps such as soil and geological maps (Fig. 3.1.). (2) Securing groundwater resource through aquifer artificial recharge on water curtain cultivation areas. Artificial recharge has been proposed to be the most promising method to solve the shortage in water resources brought about by climate change. There are two systems for water curtain cultivation systems for aquifer recharge: groundwater recirculation water curtain cultivation system and rainwater collection and injection system.(fig.3.2) Groundwater recirculation water curtain cultivation system is used for heating greenhouses from late Fall to early Spring. Spent groundwater is not directly sent to the aqueduct. Instead, it is sent back to the aquifer in a nearby injection well to prevent depletion of the groundwater resource, and to make continuous water curtain cultivation possible. Precipitation on the ceilings of greenhouses during the rainy season is collected in a rainwater collection and injection system, and injected into the groundwater system to recover the groundwater level that was lowered due to water curtain cultivation in the winter. The rainwater collection and injection system is an appropriate method for the recent situation in which natural recharge gradually decreases due to more frequent heavy rainfall for a short duration. This kind of precipitation pattern is known to be caused by global warming. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 146 CCOP Technical Secretariat

150 Figure Prediction of (a) groundwater recharge and (b) groundwater contamination vulnerability on Geum river basin in Figure Schematic diagram of water curtain cultivation system with artificial recharge of the aquifer, Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 147 CCOP Technical Secretariat

151 A pilot-scale test site was established in Wangjeon-ri, Gwangseok-myun, Nonsan, Chungnam to study the water curtain cultivation system for artificial aquifer recharge. The site covers an area of 1.2 km 2 excluding roads, and approximately 30% (0.35 km 2 ) of the site was used for water curtain cultivation. In the Wangjeon-ri area, 420 m 3 /day/ha of groundwater is using for water curtain cultivation system estimated by monitoring data of groundwater level and streamwater level. This amount of groundwater for water curtain cultivation system is corresponding to 40% of total agricultural use under the assumption of 5 month's operation period of all nationwide water curtain cultivation systems. There are a total of 6 wells including two pumping wells, two injection wells, and two observation wells. Each pumping, injection, observation well comprises one alluvial well and one fractured aquifer well. Overall protected cultivation systems, using groundwater curtain with geological circulation and rainwater harvesting consists of a pumping system, water curtain system, collection system, injection system, operation system, water treatment system, and monitoring system. To evaluate the hydrogeological characteristics, pumping tests, tracer tests with conservative tracer, dye tracer and thermal tracer, geophysical logging, and water quality analysis are performed characterizing the transmissive part in this are; groundwater velocity, and source of groundwater quality problem are also studied. As a result of various tests, hydraulic conductivity of m/s in fractured aquifer and m/s in alluvial aquifer, storativity of in fractured aquifer and 0.15 in alluvial aquifer were estimated. Sustainable yield was estimated to be m 3 /d from step drawdown test. Analysis of tracer tests estimates effective porosity of 0.105, average linear velocity of m/s and longitudinal dispersivity of 0.8 m. Transmissive fractured zone reveals to be m below surface corresponding to a weathered fracture zone based on thermal tracer test and geophysical logging. The thermal tracer test using cool water reveals that the recovered from greenhouse roof and injected cool water temperature is recovered to ambient groundwater temperature when it arrives at the pumping well indicating that the aquifer circulating water curtain cultivation system is effective to provide warming temperatures to greenhouses during winter time without dewatering the aquifer. Preliminary operation of the pilot system during the hot season using hot condition instead of cold condition resulted in the fact that the geological circulating water curtain cultivation system is better than the non-circulating system in terms of groundwater level, pumping rate, and groundwater temperature recovery efficiency. During the practical operation during winter time in 2010, 6,100 m 3 /yr of groundwater was reinjected to the aquifer and if this kind of facility is expanded to the whole greenhouse in the test basin, it will mean that 0.66 million m 3 /yr of water can be recharged. It is assumed that at least 50% of rainwater is collected and injected to injection well through the system, 4,750 m 3 of water can be estimated to inject into one injection well for a year. (3) Characterization of high mineral and CO 2 -rich groundwater on Jeju Island Subsurface geologic structure was investigated using geologic logs and geophysical exploration to establish a geologic and hydrogeologic model of the area. Resistivity survey revealed that upper aquifers had highly fluctuated flow system. CO 2 sources in high-mineral water and CO 2 -rich water was estimated as magmatic CO 2 using 13 C and 14 C. Negligible 3 H in high-mineral water indicated that deep CO 2 is effectively isolated by low-permeable layers. Additional sources other than the soil zone can enhance water-rock interactions resulting in higher mineral contents in groundwater. To assess proper yield of high-mineral water and high bicarbonate containing groundwater, a step-draw down test was performed with Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 148 CCOP Technical Secretariat

152 monitoring of hydrogeochemical parameters at 7 wells. During the pumping test, CO 2 -rich waters show little variation implying higher chemical stability of groundwater. However, those wells have significant seasonal variation of many chemical parameters, suggesting that it may be necessary to control infiltration of recharge water. Under an allowable drawdown of 30 m, the sustainable yield was estimated to be 970 m 3 /d in average, 281 m 3 /d in minimum, 3,085 m 3 /d in maximum, and 551 m 3 /d in median, which shows that there is high variance in sustainable yield of wells due to high heterogeneity of geological formations. 3.3 Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities KIGAM started a new framework 3-year project under the Ministry of Knowledge Economy (MKE) which deals with groundwater artificial recharge for sustainable water security. Any information on the subject needs to be shared and we need the assistance and support from CCOP in relation to those subjects. Programme Contact Person: Dr. Ha, Kyoochul / hasife@kigam.re.kr on the issue of Development of integrated core technologies in aquifer recharge system for groundwater sustainability Dr. Ko, Kyung-Sok / kyungsok@kigam.re.kr on the issue of Integrated technologies in securing and applying groundwater resources to cope with earth environmental changes Dr. Kim, Yongcheol / kyungsok@kigam.re.kr on the issue of Securing groundwater resource through aquifer artificial recharge on water curtain cultivation areas Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 149 CCOP Technical Secretariat

153 GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR 4. COASTAL ZONE PROGRAMME 4.1. Summary Republic of Korea (hereafter, Korea) resides in a peninsula surrounded by eastern, western and southern coasts. The eastern coast is generally straight and shows raised shorelines with prolonged or pocket beaches, rocky cliffs and coastal dunes. The western coast could be classified as a submerging macro-tidal environment decorated with extensive tidal flats, narrow beaches and coastal dunes, most of which are being influenced by continuous sea water invasion. The southern coast is famous for its typical ria-type configuration and, together with the western, has ca. 3,200 islands. The total length of the Korean coastline is more than 13,000 km and according to a government report about 30% has been artificially modified. Recently the main issues on the Korean coasts arise from coastal reclamation and development, abrupt or gradual sea level rise and the destructive monsoonal influence. Accordingly the main activities in the coastal zone of Korea are closely related to high-resolution hydrographic survey, hazard monitoring and forecasting, seawall design, and environmental impact of infrastructures. Long-term and large-scale coastal zone programmes would be planned and launched by either Korean central or local government(table 4.1). Representative ministries are the Ministry of Land, Transport and Marine Affairs (MLTM), the Ministry of Knowledge and Economy (MKE), the Ministry of Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MIFAFF) and the Ministry of Environment (ME). The executive organizations are usually the Korea Institute of Maritime Science and Technology Promotion (KIMST), Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Administration (KHOA), Korea Maritime Institute (KMI), Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST, former KIOST), and Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) and the Korea Environment Institute (KEI). The roles of the local governments cannot be disregarded despite the relatively small scale of their programmes. In the public or commercial sectors there are several representative executioners such as the Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO), Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Company Ltd. (KHNP), Korea Rural Community Corporation (KR), Korea Water Company (KOWACO), Samsung, Hyundai, Daewoo, GS, DSME, etc. As the government s efforts to promote global cooperation in line with the UN s millennium development goals are continued, major international or intergovernmental programmes are also launched by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (MOFAT) and executed by the Korean International Cooperation Agency (KOICA). Table 4.1. Summary of representative programmes performed by organizations in Korea. Area of Representative Programmes Organization Interests Shoreline & Coastal Plain Coastline survey and database construction for precise determination of marine boundaries, safe maritime navigation, fishing reef location, and basic marine map publication Inundation risk area estimation based on precise elevation models in the southern coast of Korea MLTM KHOA KIOST KIGAM KIOST KIGAM Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 150 CCOP Technical Secretariat

154 Intertidal & Nearshore Nearshore to Offshore International Corporation Sediment dynamics and beach morphology evolution along and adjacent to the Saemangeum Dyke Estuarine integrated management system development Beach monitoring and environmental assessment Study on the modern tidal sand bars and mud flats as analogues of ancient oil sand sources and reservoirs Coastal reclamation policy planning and establishment Morphodynamics of intertidal and subtidal flats and beaches Coastline environment changes based on satellite images Marine sand aggregate exploration and post-excavation monitoring of dredging sites Geohazard assessment of the coastal and nearshore zones International training course on coastal geology and geohazard Overseas donation for coastal geohazard monitoring and assessment systems KR KIOST Kunsan Nat l Univ. MLTM Inha Univ. KIOST KEI KIOST Inha Univ. KME KIGAM Chunnam Nat l Univ. MLTM KIOST KIGAM Universities KIOST KOWACO KIGAM KIOST MLTM KIGAM KME KIGAM KOICA 4.2. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Coastline survey and database construction for precise determination of maritime boundaries of Korea KHOA continues precise geodetic surveys along the coasts of Korea. The main purpose of the project is to delineate base lines for managing maritime territory and exclusive economic zone. Together with coastline change data, other related information such as sediment characters, land usage, shoreline protection, reclamation, tidal ranges, water depths, sewage system are also collected and stored in a database in order to be used for environmentfriendly development of the coastal area. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 151 CCOP Technical Secretariat

155 Figure 4.1 Source: =CM0018&cmsCd=CM0089&pnum=3&cnum= Inundation risk area estimation based on precise elevation models in the southern coast of Korea Inundation risk assessment study was successfully conducted by KIGAM for an urbanized beach resort area in Busan. During the five-year research activity two sets of LiDAR-based digital elevation data were compiled, ground-checked and used for making basic elevation model. Together with forecast data flood risk area vulnerable to coastal submergence induced by storm surges could be assessed by KIGAM and the Korean Meteorologic Agency (KMA). Geographic Information System (GIS) and hydrological modeling software were evaluated to be useful tools for practical estimation. The project showed a good example of interdisciplinary cooperation and quantitative approach to coastal hazard mitigation based on high resolution digital elevation data, meteorological modeling and information technology. (Fig. 4.2) Figure The Haeundae beach shown in 3D image and the estimated flooded area. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 152 CCOP Technical Secretariat

156 4.2.3 Estuarine integrated management system development In order to construct an integrated monitoring, modeling, and information system a three-year project was launched by MLTM and executed by Inha University in 2010 (ghlee@inha.ac.kr for personal contact). The work scope is divided into four main sectors; policy, information, monitoring and modeling. The monitored items are hydraulic condition, sedimentation, water quality and ecological character. It is expected that the project will produce valuable information on the estuarine environment and ecosystem in the river mouth system.(fig. 4.3) Figure 4.3. Time-series data showing current speeds and suspended sediment concentrations of the upper, middle and lower layers measured with an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) International training course on coastal geology and geohazard KIGAM s International School for Geoscience Resources (IS-Geo) opens several training courses related to coastal geology and geohazard for those participants from domestic and foreign countries ( (Figure 4.4.). The courses are designed for government staff and young scientists and researchers working in the geosciences-related sectors. There are also several courses for school teachers and students. The in-house lectures are prepared by outstanding professors and researchers from various countries as well as KIGAM staffs. Field trips are also made during the training period with visits to representative sites in the coastal area of Korea. In some courses conducted as a part of educational donation schemes selected participants could be supported with the necessary expenses for round-trip travel, meals, accommodation and field trips during their stay period. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 153 CCOP Technical Secretariat

157 4.3. Proposed Future Activities Consecutive invasion of typhoons and the catastrophic disaster of Fukushima in Japan drew nationwide attention to geological phenomena in coastal areas in Korea. Overall review on the coastal geohazard factors and prevention strategy was, or still is, being made to be prepared for the gradual as well as abrupt geologic threats. Reinforcement of currentlyoperated projects and new evaluation of potential hazardous agents are expected to be made mainly by the central government. International networks will be emphasized much more in order to respond to regional or global scale phenomena and to increase the effect of the early warning system. Meanwhile Green issues should be continuously advanced promoting coastal zone programs on coastal wetlands preservation, offshore wind farms, submarine gas discharge, CO2 storage and etc. International support programs operated by Korean government should be increased in number and scale either through UN or through nongovernmental organizations Assistance Offered to CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities CCOP is required to be a leading organizer as well as a friendly advisor for the member and supporting countries especially for international cooperative work and meetings Other Comments Programme Contact Person: Dr. Kim, Seong-Pil / spkim@kigam.re.kr Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 154 CCOP Technical Secretariat

158 5. GEO-HAZARDS PROGRAMME 5.1. Summary In 2012, KIGAM conducted several R&D projects on geohazards including earthquake monitoring and landslides on natural terrain (Figure 5.1.). These projects are conducted as basic research programmes of KIGAM and newly commenced national research program supported by the government. Several other organizations also perform their activities related with geohazards in Korea. Table 5.1. Technical Programmes/activities in Geo-hazards Programme Discipline Achievement Organization Characterization of the site response in the eastern part of Earthquake Korean Peninsula Hosting Infrasound Technology Workshop 2012 with KIGAM cooperation with CTBTO Development of slope stability analysis methods Landslide considering rainfall infiltration New research program of landslide early warning based on KIGAM real-time monitoring on natural terrain Construction of debris control dams KFS A database of Cut-Slope Management System KICT 5.2. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Earthquake In 2012 KIGAM has performed research on the characterization of earthquakes occurring in the eastern part of Korean Peninsula. As a first step, KIGAM s earthquake research team relocates earthquakes and finds a logical relationship between earthquakes and local geology or man-made events. KIGAM also develops an earthquake hazard accessment system to mitigate the damage by earthquakes in the eastern part of Korean Peninsula (Fig. 5.1.). Figure 5.1. Shake Map to estimate damage caused by earthquake. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 155 CCOP Technical Secretariat

159 KIGAM has played continuously an important role as the National Data Center of Korea with cooperation with the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO). In 2012, KIGAM hosted an international workshop, Infrasound Technology Workshop 2012 from 8 October through 12 October in cooperation with the Provisional Technical Secretariat (PTS) of the Preparatory Commission for the CTBTO. The purpose of this workshop was to create an international forum for presenting and discussing recent advances in infrasound research and operational capabilities of global and regional infrasound networks Landslide KIGAM performed a research project to develop a method of slope stability analysis considering rainfall infiltration into unsaturated soil. The purpose of the research is to apply the method to an early warning of landsliding related with rainfall. KIGAM conducted several laboratory tests to measure rainfall infiltration velocity by a soil column test and suction stress of soil by an automatic SWCC test. The tests made it possible to understand rainfall infiltration characteristics and velocity, and changes of the saturation condition of unsaturated soils in both drying and wetting processes. KIGAM performed the lab tests for several kinds of weathered soils that have high potential for landslides caused by rainfall (Fig. 5.2). KIGAM also derived a modified equation of safety factor of infinite slope considering rainfall infiltration and wetting front behavior. Based on the rainfall infiltration of soils, the equation enables one to calculate changes of safety factor dependent on rainfall intensity and time. For understanding the mechanism of landslide triggering and debris flows, KIGAM installed a ring shear test apparatus. The test apparatus can measure variations of stress and displacement dependant on time of various soil materials. It is possible to characterize rheological and mechanical properties of sliding material under various conditions of rainfall and soils. KIGAM started a new research program of landslide early warning based on real-time monitoring on natural terrain. The research program is funded by the Korean Ministry of Science, Education and Technology (MEST) for five years. A major goal of the program is to develop basic and original technologies of landslide early warning under extreme rainfall conditions. The technologies will be studied based on real-time monitoring of landslides and debris flows by both areal and ground monitoring on natural terrain. If the program is performed successfully, there will be a significant advancement of early warning technology of landslide hazards. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 156 CCOP Technical Secretariat

160 Figure 5.2. Unsaturated soil column tests for rainfall infiltration. Fig. Ring shear test apparatus and examples of the test results In the case of the research on manmade slopes, Korea Institute of Construction Technology (KICT) continuously constructs a database using the cut-slope management system (CSMS) Proposed Future Activities KIGAM will perform new technological development on environmental hazards reduction and restoration. The technologies will be applied to soil contaminated areas with arsenic and heavy metals by mining and industrial activities. They are planned to be transferred to private companies to create a new technological market on environmental hazards. Detailed activities and achievements will be reported in Other Comments Programme Contact Person: Dr. Chae, Byung-Gon / bgchae@kigam.re.kr Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 157 CCOP Technical Secretariat

161 GEO-INFORMATION SECTOR 6. DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF GEOLOGICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM AND COMPONENT TECHNOLOGY ON A MOBILE DEVICE ENVIRONMENT 6.1. Summary An Information Programme has been conducted by KIGAM in 2012 including the design of geological information system and implementation of component technology on a mobile device environment using a Geoscience Information System for a geological information service with multiplatform support. In this project, we developed Open Source basement based international standards and implementation of high quality geological database using geological information contents we developed. These can be able to multiplatform service of geological information Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities KIGAM s Geo-Information project is summarized in Table 6.1. This project aims to develop geological information system and component technology on a mobile device environment using GIS based geoscience information system to enhance the usage of geoscience information generated by KIGAM. Table 6.1. Geo-Information projects in KIGAM Title Period Activities Funding Agency Information System Jan ~ Dec Tectonic evolution of the western Gyeonggi Block and construction of geologic DB system Ministry of Knowledge Economy System design Recently, according to the increased requirements of geological information users, a high quality national geological information service is demanded. Moreover, there are many type of user platform desktop and mobile devices. In this project, we developed an Open Source basement based on international standards and implementation of high quality geological database using geological information content that we developed. These can be able to multiplatform the service of geological information. The overview of this project is shown in Fig.6.1. Fig. 6.2 describes conceptual diagram of multiplatform service system of geological information. Figure 6.1. Overview of project. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 158 CCOP Technical Secretariat

162 Figure 6.2. Conceptual diagram of multiplatform service system Implementation of component and validation of system database Definition of symbol style of features in geological map OGC standards for definition and presentation of geological features in geological layers are SE(Symbol Encoding Standard) and SLD(Styled Layer Descriptor Profile). In this project, we developed SLD generator for effective presentation of features of geological maps. Implementation and validation of database Digital geological maps (scale 1:1,000,000, 1:250,000 and 1:50,000) based on Bessel TM coordinate system are transformed to WGS84 for integration with open geographic information such as Open Street Map, Google Map, etc. Then, we tested the transformed geological database by integration with various map clients that support WMS international standards such as Google Earth, ArcGIS, Quantum GIS, OpenLayer, etc (Fig. 6.3). (a) ArcGIS MWS (b) GoogleEarth WMS Figure 6.3. Validation of database using (a) ArcGIS MWS and (b) GoogleEarth WMS. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 159 CCOP Technical Secretariat

163 Implementation of operation functions in a mobile environment We implemented basic GIS functions for supporting mobile environment such as layer control, zoom in/out of map and inquire properties; and special functions for mobile device such as touch-based user interface, location-based function, geo-coder, etc. Then, we tested them using various web map clients based mobile platform (Fig. 6.4.). Figure 6.4. Tests using various mobile devices (JQuery mobile, Sencha touch). Implementation of operation functions in a desktop environment We implemented basic GIS functions for supporting desktop environment such as layer control, calculating distance and area, inquire properties, etc; and special functions for desktop such as mouse pointer control, legend of layer, etc. Then, we tested them using various web map clients in the desktop environment (Fig. 6.5.). Figure 6.5. Tests using desktop Programme Contact Person: Dr. Lee, Saro / leesaro@kigam.re.kr Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 160 CCOP Technical Secretariat

164 KOICA INVITATION TRAINEE PROGRAM 7. Introducing More About KOICA Invitation Trainee Program 7.1. Summary of KOICA Program The Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) was founded as a government agency on April 1, 1991, to maximize the effectiveness of Korea's grant aid programs for developing countries by implementing the government's grant aid and technical cooperation programs. In the past, development cooperation efforts were focused on meeting the Basic Human Needs (BHNs) of developing countries and on fostering their Human Resources Development (HRD). However, the focus has now shifted to promote sustainable development, strengthen partnerships with developing partners, and enhance the local ownership of beneficiaries. Additionally, global concerns such as the environment, poverty reduction, and gender mainstreaming, have gained significant importance in the international community. Due to the continuously changing trends in development assistance efforts and practices, KOICA is striving to adapt to these changes by using its limited financial resources effectively in areas where Korea has a comparative advantage. In particular, Korea has the unique experience of developing from one of the poorest countries in the world to one of the most economically advanced, as recently demonstrated by Korea s entry into the OECD/DAC (Development Assistance Committee) on November 25, The know-how and experience Korea gained from this transition are invaluable assets that allow KOICA to efficiently support the sustainable socio-economic development of its partner countries and to offer them hope for a better world. KOICA has 8 aid theme programs, including education, health, governance, rural development, ICT, industry & energy, environment & gender, and climate change. KIGAM s Mineral Exploration and GIS/Remote Sensing Program corresponds to KOICA s Industry & energy aid theme, and that encourages KIGAM to provide 4 KOICA invitation trainee programs for mineral experts from 21countries over the last 19 months KIGAM-KOICA Invitation Trainee Programs (2011~ 2012) Year Name of the Projects (Date) Participating Countries (Number of Participating Experts) Funding Agency Development Cooperation for Energy Resources: 2011 Mineral Resources Exploration and GIS/Remote Sensing (September 19 ~ October 5) Development Cooperation for Energy Resources: 2012 Mineral Resources Exploration and GIS/Remote Sensing (April 1 ~ April 28) Cambodia, Colombia, Fiji, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Mongolia, Myanmar, South Sudan, Timor-Leste, Uganda, Viet Nam, Yemen (12 Country, 12 Experts) Cambodia, Colombia, Ecuador, Fiji, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Mozambique, Myanmar, Sudan, Timor-Leste, Uganda, Yemen (12 Country, 19 Experts) KOICA KOICA Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 161 CCOP Technical Secretariat

165 7.3 KIGAM s Mineral Exploration and GIS/Remote Sensing Program for Foreign Experts The objectivities of the invitation trainee programs are to provide professional knowledge of ore genesis as well as the modeling and exploration of mineral resources, to transfer the advanced technology of GIS and Remote Sensing, and to establish an international network of professionals and officials related to mineral resources. The programs consist of series of lectures, practical exercises, on-site visits in Korea, and group discussions and presentations. Lectures are, on those above two programs; Introduction to GIS, Construction of Geospatial Data using GIS, Geostatistics, Introduction of New Technology for Mineral Exploration, Analysis of Stable Isotopes for Mineral Exploration, and Geological Application of GIS and Remote Sensing and etc. Instructors also encourage time for group presentations and discussions for enhancing foreign experts knowledge. KIGAM also values human networks to encourage international research cooperation. As for those rationales, acquainting and impressing every expert who visits KIGAM and Korea are very important, and we coordinate those needs by taking them to famous Korean tourist and industrial sites. 7.4 Others Programme Contact Person: Dr. Kim, YoungJe / yjkim@ kigam.re.kr, Dr. Lee, Saro / leesaro@kigam.re.kr, and Dr. Chang, Se Won / swchang@kigam.re.kr Figure 7.1. Lecture and Field trips. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 162 CCOP Technical Secretariat

166 8. KOICA s Training Programs for Geoscience & Mineral Resources Year Course Organizations Participants Mineral Exploration and GIS/Remote Sensing Development of Mineral Resources Safety Supervision in Resource Development Natural Resources-based Economic Development Mineral Exploration and GIS/Remote Sensing Resources-based Economic Development Resources-based Economic and Industrial Development Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources Korea Resources Corporation Korea Resources Corporation Energy & Mineral Resources Development Association of Korea Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources Energy & Mineral Resources Development Association of Korea Korea Resources Corporation Timor-Leste, Mongolia, Myanmar (2), Vietnam (2), Uzbekistan (2), Kazakhstan (3), Turkmenistan, Philippines (2) CCOP participants Bolivia (11) - Bolivia, Uzbekistan, Zambia (2), Zimbabwe (3), Kazakhstan (2), Peru (3) Peru (15) - Timor-Leste, Mongolia, Myanmar, Vietnam, Sudan (2), Yemen, Uganda, Kazakhstan, Cambodia, Colombia, Kyrgyzstan, Fiji (2) Peru (15) - Mongolia (16) Development of Mineral Resources Korea Resources Corporation Bolivia (14) Mineral Exploration and GIS/Remote Sensing Mineral Exploration and GIS/Remote Sensing Resources-based Economic Development Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources Korea Resources Corporation Energy & Mineral Resources Development Association of Korea Timor-Leste (2), Mozambique (2), Mongolia, Myanmar (2), Vietnam, Sudan (2), Ecuador, Yemen, Uganda (2), Cambodia (2), Colombia (2), Kyrgyzstan, Fiji Timor-Leste (2), Mozambique (2), Mongolia, Myanmar (2), Sudan (2), Ecuador, Yemen, Uganda (2), Cambodia (2), Colombia (2), Kyrgyzstan, Fiji Peru (16) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 163 CCOP Technical Secretariat

167 8.2. KIGAM s Training program International School for Geoscience Resources (IS-Geo) IS-Geo of Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) was established to spread the accumulated research know-how achieved by KIGAM's legacy of more than 90 years. The major goals of IS-Geo are to cultivate the creative talents and meet training needs in the field of mineral resources, geo environments, groundwater, CO 2 sequestration, oil & gas and marine & coastal geology to prepare the nation's future by operating world class job training and education programs. Futhermore, IS-Geo will contribute to the national development through the accomplishment of the central role in securing national strategic mineral and energy resources by fostering the experts of overseas resources exploration and development through on the job training with creative kernel education, by cultivating the future kernel human resources for the resource development through the expansion of international cooperative training programs with industries, universities and institutions, and by constructing international human networks for resource diplomacy through the global capacity building and the promotion of international cooperation Training Courses for Foreigners A. Regular training course Mid- to short-term practical training on-site using the latest equipment and facilities are regularly offered by IS-Geo to accomplish excellent research. This course is focused on 4 research divisions of KIGAM, such as geology, mineral resources, petroleum & marine, and geologic environment. Most of the CCOP countries are invited for the every training course. KIGAM has covered all expenses for at least one participant from each country except for Malaysia in some cases, Japan, and China so far. The total expenses for airfares and daily allowances provided to the CCOP participants are approximately 200,000 US$/year from 2010 to The expenses for the accommodation, the lecturers and the staff, and other facilities have been contributed in kind to the regular training courses as well. B. Customized training course in needs Education and training programs are continuously offered to cultivate the experts effectively through the courses open by the request of KIGAM research teams, private sectors or other institutions as well. Foreign and domestic specialists or graduate students may attend the customized training course at their own expense. Details of these courses will be announced in IS-Geo website ( C. University of Science & Technology (UST) s degree courses To meet the needs of accomplished professionals, KIGAM, with its highly advanced research facilities and practical on-site programs, offers in partnership with UST, Ph.D. or Master's degrees accredited by UST. The major courses admitted to the foreigners are different every semester. Admission schedule will be announced in IS-Geo website. Major courses (1) Science: Geoinformatic engineering, Isotope geochemistry (2) ET: Geophysical exploration, Petroleum resources technology, Resources recycling (3) NT: Accelerator and beam nano engineering, Nano-mechatronics (4) New courses in 2013 fall: Environmental hydrology, Mineral resource Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 164 CCOP Technical Secretariat

168 Regular Training Courses in Year Course Duration Participants from CCOP Countries Mineral Resources Exploration Apr. 26~ Jun. 4 Cambodia (2), Indonesia (2), Malaysia (2), Philippines (2), Thailand (2), Vietnam (2) 2010 Geological Application of GIS/RS Jun. 7 ~ Jun. 25 Cambodia (2), Indonesia (2), Malaysia (2), Papua New Guinea (2), Philippines (2), Thailand (2), Vietnam (2) Groundwater and Surface Water, Science & Management Aug. 26 ~ Sep. 6 Cambodia (1), Indonesia (1), Malaysia (1), Papua New Guinea (1), Philippines (1), Thailand (1), Timor-Leste (1), Vietnam (1) Mineral Resources Exploration Mar. 7 ~ Apr. 15 Cambodia (1), Indonesia (1), Malaysia (1), Philippines (2), Thailand (1), Papua New Guinea (1), Vietnam (3) Sediment-hosted and Unconformity-related Mineral Deposits May 16 ~ May 29 Cambodia (1), Malaysia (1), Philippines (1), Thailand (1), Papua New Guinea (1), Vietnam (2) 2011 Geological Application of GIS/RS Jun. 7 ~ Jul. 1 Cambodia (2), Malaysia (2), Philippines (1), Thailand (1), Timor-Leste (1), Vietnam (2) Groundwater Science and Advanced Groundwater Jul. 6 ~ Jul. 25 Cambodia (1), Indonesia (1), Malaysia (1), Philippines (1), Thailand (1), Timor-Leste (1), Vietnam (1) Coastal Geology and Geohazard Sep. 19 ~ Sep. 30 Cambodia (1), Indonesia (1), Malaysia (1), Philippines (1), Thailand (1), Papua New Guinea (1), Vietnam (1) Geological Application of GIS/RS Jan. 30 ~ Feb. 24 Cambodia (1), Indonesia (1), Malaysia (1), Philippines (1), Thailand (1), Vietnam (1) 2012 Exploration Geology/Mining Methods and Cost Estimating Groundwater Theory and Application Feb. 20 ~ May 11 Jun. 11 ~ Jun. 26 Cambodia (1), Indonesia (1), Malaysia (2), Philippines (1), Thailand (1), Vietnam (1), Cambodia (1), Indonesia (2), Papua New Guinea (1), Philippines (1), Timor-Leste (2), Vietnam (2) Facies Models and Sequence Stratigraphy Dec. 3 ~ Dec.14 (TBD) CCOP countries Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 165 CCOP Technical Secretariat

169 Regular Training Courses Planned in 2013 Course Geological Application of GIS/RS Exploration Geology/ Exploration Management and Evaluation Groundwater Theory and Application Duration (Tentative schedule) February 18 ~ March 15 April 29 ~ June 14 June 24 ~ July 5 Participating Countries CCOP countries & others CCOP countries & others CCOP countries & others Coastal Geology & Geohazards September 3 ~ 20 CCOP countries & others Contact Persons Director : Dr. Chang, Se Won / swchang@kigam.re.kr Coordinating Researcher : Ms. Lee, Ock-Sun / sun@kigam.re.kr Dr. Jo, Kyoung Nam / kjo@kigam.re.kr Secretary : Ms. Kim, Munie / munikigam@kigam.re.kr Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 166 CCOP Technical Secretariat

170 9. Introducing Joint Committees for Energy and Mineral Resources Cooperation 9.1. Summary Fierce competition to secure mineral and natural resources is well underway around the world. Furthermore, the world economy is becoming even more unstable due to price fluctuations of various energy resources. Accordingly, the resources policies are now emerging as an international issue - and Korea is no exception. In accordance with the high demand for natural resources, most countries, including Korea, endeavor to secure sustainable energy as well as protect against global warming so as to keep the earth safe and clean. The Korean government considers these issues as among the principal issues for future growth. KIGAM has great responsibilities in all of these areas as a government-supported research institute. Moreover, KIGAM has cultivated international cooperation with mineral-rich yet less developed countries, including countries in Africa and Latin America as well as several CIS countries. Currently, KIGAM has 59 MOUs in effect with associated geoscience institutions in 31 countries and two international organizations to conduct continuous joint-research with advanced countries. Thereby, KIGAM has greatly contributed to the development of the nation and society and has developed state-of-the-art technologies KIGAM s Energy Envoy Records from 2011 to SouthAfrica (The Council for Geoscience, ) - Ethiopia (Geological Survey of Ethiopia, Ministry of Mines, ) - Colombia (The Ministry of Mines and Energy of Colombia, ) - USA (United States Geological Survey(USGS), ) - Russia (VSEGEI, ) - China (China Geological Survey, ) - ICDP (Int l Continental Scientific Drilling Program, ) - China (Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment (IMHE), ) - Denmark (Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), ) Figure 9.1. KIGAM & USGS and KIGAM & GEUS MOUs Programme Contact Person: Dr. Lee, Yongje / yjl@ kigam.re.kr, Mr. Kim, Dae In / money6@ kigam.re.kr Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 167 CCOP Technical Secretariat

171 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia Member Country Report of LAO PDR Submitted by Khampha Phommakaysone Inpong Homsombath Department of Geology and Minerals (DGM) Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (For Agenda Item 3) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 168 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

172 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) , Fax: +66 (0) , Website: ANNUAL MEMBER COUNTRY REPORT Country: LAO PDR Period: 1 July June 2012 GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR 1. MINERAL PROGRAMME 1.1. Summary Despite Lao PDR being a small country, the minerals sector is important to the Lao economy, accounting for about 50 % of the exports and 10 % of the state revenues. There are over 500 known mineral occurrences, which are distributed throughout different parts of its territory. These include gold (porphyry, epithermal, skarn, sediment hosted & placer types), copper (porphyry, supergene, skarn, epithermal & others), Copper-nickel (magmatic type), lead-zinc (skarn, VHMS, VMT types), gemstones (sapphire), tin (greisens-hydrothermal & residual), aluminum (laterite bauxite) and, iron. Amongst the hydrothermal deposit types, metallic mineral resources are found within three fold belts (the Sukhothai fold belt; Louei- Louangprabang fold belt; and Phou Luang Indochinese fold belt) whilst evaporites are present in the basins. Some prospective mineral occurrences are under exploration for evaluating reserves and some have been brought in to exploitation for local production and export. Exported mineral commodities include gold, copper, tin, lead, zinc, gypsum, coal, and industrial minerals and construction materials. The minerals sector is important for Lao economic growth as it accounted for 8 % of GDP in In order to promote sustainable mineral development, Laos has just revised its Law on Minerals and is drafting the Implementing Decree of Mineral Law and other related regulations. In August 2011, the Department of Geology was renamed as Department of Geology and Minerals (DGM) and transferred to the newly established Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE). As part of the new administrative structure, DGM is now responsible for the processing of prospecting and exploration licenses and granting the prefeasibility permits, these being duties that previously belonged to the Department of Mines (DOM) Review of Technical Programmes / Activities In the period from July 2010 to September 2012, the Department of Geology and Minerals (DGM) has implemented two mineral prospecting and exploration projects and some other activities in regional surveys for mineral resources. Geological and mineral mapping at different scales have been funded by the national budget and assisted by foreign countries and international organizations. Geological and mineral mapping at 1:200,000 scale currently covers only 54.86% of the country area (236,800 km 2 ) but is expected to be completed by the year Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 169 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

173 Mineral investigation projects were carried out in some districts of Vientiane province and some mineral occurrences including gold were found in Nam La upstream areas and copper in the Namthong area. A Project on mineral prospecting and exploration in Xieng Khuang province (815 km2) began in A project on Mineral Prospecting and Exploration in Saravan, Xekong and Attapu Provinces has found some potential bauxite resources in the Bolaven and Sanxay plateaux within weathering alkaline basalt. During cooperation activity in regional survey for mineral resources in the some areas of Bolikhamxai and Xiengkhuang provinces have been conducted with JMEC (Japan Mining Engineering Center for International Cooperation). The results of this show some geochemical anomalies in stream sediment sample (Au>0.5 ppm) in Thabok NE, Ban Phadai Ban Hatkhipheung and Ban Muang Mo North Sub areas. Other anomalies detected include: Hf (11.9ppm), La (770 ppm), Th (520 ppm), W (136 ppm), Y (183 ppm) and Zr (275 ppm) in Ban Muang Mo North Sub area. The cooperation project with SUMITOMO Company is to study the North East part of Khamkeut District. Studies in stratigraphic correlation and geotourism in Mukdahan (Thailand) - Savannakhet province (Lao PDR) were undertaken in cooperation with the Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) of Thailand. A project on 1:200,000 geological and mineral mapping in South Luang Prabang was approved by the Vietnamese government and will start by beginning In addition approximately 219 companies (339 projects) invest in the mineral sector Production of Mineral Commodities. Laos became a gold - copper producer in 2003 when the Sepon mine started mining operations by Lane Xang Mineral Co Ltd. At present, besides Sepon mine, Pan Australian Resources is operating in gold-copper production and more than 50 domestic and foreign companies are exploiting deposits for gold (Au), copper (Cu), tin, coal, lead-zinc and other minerals on a small and medium scale. Production of minerals is summarized in Table 1. Commodity Unite Remark Copper metal T 62,612 63,540 67,571 62,448 Copper concentrates (25%) T 4, ,659 25, ,733 Gold + silver dore T Zinc Concentrate (45%) T 2,350 2,950 2,000 10,000 Tin concentrate (60%) T 1, Gypsum T 232, , , ,489 Coal T 681, , , ,035 Table: Mineral production from 2007 to 2010 Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 170 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

174 1.4. Proposed Future Activities Promote geological and mineral investigation and exploration in order to have adequate data for evaluating the potential of Lao mineral resources and to formulate short-term and long-term development plans for the mineral sector and to attract local and foreign investment in the mining sector; Continue the implementation of the project on mineral prospecting and exploration in some areas of Attapu, Xekong, Saravan and Xieng Khuang provinces. Undertake geological and mineral mapping at 1:200,000 scale in South Luang Prabang (15,519 sq km) in cooperation with the Department of Geological and Mineral Resources of Vietnam ( ). Continue the study on stratigraphic correlation and geotourism with the Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) of Thailand. Conduct the project on geological and geochemical mapping at 1:200,000 scale covering 16,309 square kilometer in Xaiynabouly province supported by the Chinese Government. Fig.2: 1: geological mapping coverage Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 171 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

175 1.5. Assistance Required from CCOP / Other Member Countries in Support of Future activities The DGM is continuing to seek aid from foreign countries and international organizations regarding the following needs: - Strengthening the capacity for geological mapping and mineral resources assessment in Lao PDR using new methods and techniques including mathematical methods in geology; modeling of mineral deposits using GIS; remote sensing; financial project modeling, risk and market analysis; geochemical data processing; assessment of mineral resources using 3D methods; chemical and petrographic analysis. - Scholarships for MSc and PhD degree studies for DGM staff in the field of geosciences. - Upgrading the mineral and geochemical analysis capability of DGM laboratory, particularly Rare Earth Elements analysis. - Participation in international symposia, conferences and seminars 2. ENERGY PROGRAMME Despite the discovery of large oil and gas fields in the neighboring countries of Cambodia, Thailand, and Vietnam, until recently the oil industry has not regarded Lao PDR as a particularly attractive country in which to explore for hydrocarbons. As a result, the current potential for finding oil and gas fields is limited to the low-lying terrain in the areas around the Vientiane and Savannakhet basins. DGM has currently no Energy Programme activity. There were 2 companies exploring for oil and gas (Salamender Energy Co. and Petro Vietnam Co.Ltd.), but as from 2011 only one company (Petro Vietnam Co Ltd) is exploring for oil and gas in the southern Champasack province (14,140 ha). 3. GROUNDWATER PROGRAMME 3.1. Summary Groundwater investigation has mostly been undertaken as part of the 1: scale geological and mineral mapping by DGM in cooperation with foreign geological institutions. In 2011, the Water Resources and Environment Agency (WREA) conducted a study on groundwater resources assessment Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities. - Training and study tour in groundwater resources management. Programme Contact Person: Name: Sounthone Laolo Position: Deputy Director of Geological Division Department of Geology and Minerals Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 172 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

176 4. COASTAL ZONE PROGRAMME GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR As Lao PDR is a land-locked country there is no activity in this CCOP Programme area 5. GEO-HAZARDS PROGRAMME Summary. Lao P.D.R. is only slightly affected from by impacts of earthquakes. Nevertheless, even though earthquake epicenters may be distant, some earthquakes can be felt in the country, especially in the Northern provinces, but the magnitude is not high and damage to buildings or to human life is not severe. Lao P.D.R. has no seismological stations for earthquake monitoring. In the past, no institution was responsible for this matter so in 1997 the responsibility of seismological observation and monitoring was mentioned in the new role and functions of the Department of Meteorology and Hydrology. However, in this field until now, there is no station, no observations or data and no seismology technicians or scientists. In the future, one or two seismic stations should be installed, particularly in the northern part of Laos. Also, seismological training should be undertaken and international and regional cooperation should be established. However, geo-hazards such as landslides, mudslides and flash floods occur in many provinces of Lao PDR causing increasing amounts of damage to both property and people. DGM and DOM, responsible for geological hazard management, have planned to select prototype areas for sustainable rehabilitation in 3 zones (Northern zone: Luangnamtha province; Middle zone: Vientiane province, Borikhamxay province; Southern zone: Champasak province, Attapeu province). The main activities will comprise detailed geological mapping at scale of 1:4,000, adjusting the existing streams and establishing rehabilitation planning with the local communities Future Plan Activities and Technical Programme. - Active Fault study: The major goal of DGM s study in is to delineate the characteristics of faults in Xayaboury Province and to define the means for earthquake mitigation for several communities affected by the fault groups in the Xayaboury Province by compiling active fault maps. - Landslides, mudslides and flash floods investigation: Geological investigation by DGM and DOM will be conducted in landslide, mudslide and flash flood risk areas to collect geological data and assess hazards and vulnerable areas of Northern zone: Luangnamtha province, Luangphrabang province. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 173 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

177 5.3. Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities. - Active fault study - Landslides, mudslides and flash floods investigation Programme Contact Person: Name: Soukhansak Sisouk Position: Director of Environmental and Mining Inspection Division Department of Mines Ministry of Energy and Mines 6. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY PROGRAMME 6.1. Summary DOM in cooperation with the Department of Environment collected and analysed surface water samples and residual soil samples in some mining areas Proposed Future Activities and Assistance from CCOP Assessment of contamination from mining operations in some selected areas. GEO-INFORMATION SECTOR 7. GEO-DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME 7.1. Summary. A variety of databases are now being constructed in government and international organizations in Lao PDR, including a database for the Mekong River by MRC, a fundamental geographical information and infrastructural database by NGD, a forestry, soil, and land-use distribution database by MAF, and an electric power supply database by MEM, These datasets can be used as fundamental surrounding information for a future Geo-science database in the DGM, which would provide an information backbone for mineral resources in this country. New topographical maps at 1: scale are under preparation for the major part of country at the National Geographical Department in a USD 5 million Finnish funded SNGS project. Geo-database information in DGM has been used to create and manage mineral resource maps, such as the 1:1,000,000 geological map produced by BGS, a mineral resource map produced by an ESCAP project, and two parts of southern and middle Laos on 1:200,000 geological maps completed by INTERGEO (Vietnam) and also some mining concession distribution maps amongst others. However, these datasets are insufficient for a fundamental database for geological and mineral resources because of database management issues, such as incomplete data, data errors, and mixing of data types. Under the Finnish funded LAOFIMIN, available geodatasets (partly digitized) have been unified into geographically uniform and easy-to-use ArcGIS file geodatabase format including topographical base data (originating from NGD), existing geological maps (at 1:1M, 1: and 1: and 1: scale), complemented with mineral databases and concession areas. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 174 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

178 7.2. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Lao-Finnish Mineral Institutional (LAOFIMIN) Project (Sep2009-Nov 2011) The Lao-Finnish Mineral Institutional Mineral Institutional Project was composed of 4 components: - Geo-information and data management - Training in GIS-aided geological mapping - Mine closure procedure - Promotion in mineral investment The results achieved by activities and implementation of the LAOFIMIN project, in particular the first and second components conducted by DGM and Geologial Survey of Finland (GTK), are as follows: - Available spatial geodatasets have been compiled into a geographically uniform and easy to use Lao Geodatabase corporate database - Selected staff members have the necessary technical means and capacities to use the ArcGIS programme efficiently to add, modify and store geodata, and produce desired integrated maps to support the fact-based decision making processes at MEM and to guide the scientific or practical goals of its departments Proposed Future activities - Participating with other member countries in CCOP Metadata Project Phase II - Basic design and large quantity of collected data, ranging from infrastructure to geographic information for future geo-science GIS database will be used for the fundamental construction of the database and will be supplied for exploration activities. - Geological Information Development Plan for the Lao PDR is supposed to create geological maps with the scale from 1:200,000 to 1:10,000 and to revise the country s geological maps. The project might be coordinated with the Geo-science GIS database in this study to create a GIS database and install it into DGEM. - Construction of database for processed satellite imagery data Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities - Technical Training for DGM Staff in construction and maintenance of future geoscience GIS databases in order to improve their database and GIS skills. - Assistance in construction of database for processed satellite imagery data Programme Contact Person: Name: Inpong Homsombat Position: Director of Geo-information Division Department of Geology Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 175 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

179 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia Member Country Report of MALAYSIA Submitted by Ling Nan Ley / Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia (For Agenda Item 3) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 176 CCOP Technical Secretariat

180 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) , Fax: +66 (0) , Website: ANNUAL MEMBER COUNTRY REPORT Country: MALAYSIA Period: 1 July June MINERAL PROGRAMME GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR 1.1. Summary During the review period, Malaysia through the Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia (JMG) continued with mineral exploration and mineral research and development activities. All the 4 geochemical laboratories of JMG that provide testing and consultative services to assist mineral resource evaluation were accredited MS ISO/IEC 17025:2005 certification under the Malaysian Laboratory Accreditation Scheme. In line with the effort to reduce bureaucracy in the application for permits and licences to export minerals, the ebmgpermit - an online application was developed Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Mineral Exploration for Metallic Minerals Metallic mineral exploration involves regional reconnaissance and follow-up/detailed geochemical surveys. Reconnaissance evaluation for metallic mineral resources was carried out in Johor, Selangor, Perak, Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang and Sarawak covering a total area of 755 km 2. Preliminary study showed that there are occurrences of potential mineral deposits in most of these states. Follow-up/detailed metallic mineral resource evaluation was carried out in Negeri Sembilan, Perak, Kedah, Kelantan, Terangganu, Pahang, Sarawak and Sabah covering a total area of 410 km 2. Gold, iron ore, tin ore and manganese anomalies were identified Mineral Exploration for Industrial Minerals The industrial minerals studied with their respective coverage areas are clay km 2, silica sand 112 km 2, silica rock 156 km 2, feldspar 66.4 km 2, titanium ore 53 km 2, construction sand km 2, dimension stone 6.25 km 2, fine mica 3 km 2 and limestone 4.37 km 2. Estimated reserves for dimension stone (1,157 million tonnes), construction sand (5.33 million tonnes), feldspar (4,274 million tonnes), silica rock (30.06 million tonnes), clay (65.55 million tonnes) and limestone (930.6 million tonnes) were identified from the studies Mineral Exploration for Energy Mineral Coal exploration and evaluation were carried out in the states of Sarawak and Sabah covering a total area of 115 km 2. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 177 CCOP Technical Secretariat

181 The coal evaluation study in Murum-Plieran, Belaga, Sarawak has successfully delineated 7 coal seams with thicknesses ranging from 2.0 m to 12.0 m. The longest extension of a coal seam traced in the Ulu Plieran area stretched a distance of 5 km. Reconnaissance coal exploration in Sarawak involved reassessment of coal resources at the former Sadong Colliery which was abandoned during the Second World War. The ex-colliery is now designated as the Bukit Ngili area, Simunjan, where 4 coal outcrops with thicknesses ranging from 0.2 m to 0.8 m were located. In Sabah a total of 12 coal seams were delineated in the Sinobang Block, 11 in the Ulu Pinangah Block and 7 in the Susui Block with indicated reserves of 1.2 million tonnes, 3.5 million tonnes and 48.2 million tonnes respectively Mineral Research and Development The scope of mineral research and development is the production of value-added items and advance material from local silica sand, clay, kaolin and rock resources and the development of these mineral resources in a sustainable manner. Some of the R&D projects carried out are: (a) Clay R&D products Body Formulation R & D is being carried out on local clays and other ceramic raw materials such as feldspar and silica to develop ceramic bodies. This research was conducted in collaboration with other agencies and industries that use these bodies for the purpose of commercialization. Several formulations of table wares and ceramic balls bodies were developed. The bodies were designed using the Rational Approximation and Compositional Estimation approach. (b) Prototype reactor for manufacturing PCC A prototype reactor for producing precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) has been successfully developed. Several tests of its effectiveness have shown its potential use in industry. Registration for a patent has been initiated. (c) R&D crystalline glass tile production using local silica sand Glass tile is a unique product having flash/high luminosity. It has higher durability to fading compared to ceramic and stone tiles. The R&D is focused on manufacturing glass tiles using local silica to replace tiles imported from overseas countries. This will increase the usage of local minerals. (d) R&D soft glass manufacturing using local silica sand Soft glass is a type of glass that has lower melting temperature and stays soft for a longer period. Its manufacture is based on soda lime glass and has many uses. Rod shaped soft glass is used in the handicraft industry for glass bead manufacturing. This will aid the local craft industry because glass bead manufacturing does not require sophisticated equipment and expertise. (e) R&D on Acid Mine Drainage issues in mines To enhance the sustainability of mining operation and mine closure, R&D on acid mine drainage in mines was carried out to control the environmental impacts of mining sulphide minerals. Waste and low grade rocks that were to be disposed in dry dumps were characterised and classified according to their potential to form acid. The treatment of acidic mine water was carried out using zeolites and fly ash. This will assist in the better management of acid mine drainage during mining operations and after mine closure. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 178 CCOP Technical Secretariat

182 ebmgpermit The ebmgpermit has been designed to simplify and expedite the application process for permit to export minerals. Through the system, mineral export permits can be applied for using the online ebmgpermit application system. The ebmg Permit was officially launched on 2 nd August 2011 by the Honourable Minister of Natural Resources and Environment. As of September 2012, a total of 4798 applications have been processed Analytical Geochemistry The geochemical laboratories of the Minerals and Geoscience Department, Malaysia continue to play their pivotal role by providing testing and consultative services to assist mineral resource evaluation, ground water resource development, and environmental protection and conservation in the country. For the period 01 Jul 2010 to 30 June 2012, a total of 113,171 chemical analyses, physical and technological tests were completed for various geochemical, metallic and nonmetallic minerals, coal, ground water samples and mine effluents. MS ISO/IEC 17025:2005 certification under the Malaysian Laboratory Accreditation Scheme was renewed for the three geochemical laboratories in Ipoh, Kuching and Kota Kinabalu until the year The geochemical laboratory in Kuantan was also recently granted MS ISO/IEC 17025:2005 certification in April 2011 for one geochemical test. The duration of ISO certification and scope of accreditation for each laboratory is detailed below:- MS ISO/IEC 17025:2005 LABORATORY ACCREDITATION Laboratory Duration of Certification Scope of Accreditation Ipoh, Perak Since 1997 [15years] 24 tests:- Silica sand- 7 Limestone- 5 Gold Bullion 1 Groundwater 11 Kuantan, Pahang Since 2011 [1 year] 1 geochemcial test Kuching, Sarawak Since 1999 [13 years] 16 chemical/technological tests for coal Kota Kinabalu, Since 2004 [8 years] 3 soil tests Sabah Total number of accredited tests Proposed Future Activities Malaysia will continue with: (i) Data collection through mapping, geochemical and offshore surveys. (ii) Exploration and evaluation of non-metallic resources. (iii) R&D work on local mineral resources. (iv) The geochemical laboratories are committed to and will continue to strive for excellence in the quality of testing services by:- Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 179 CCOP Technical Secretariat

183 a. implementing stringent in-house quality assurance protocols in all testing schemes to ensure validity of test results, b. organising and participating in relevant local/international proficiency testing schemes or programmes to evaluate technical competency, and, c. extending the scope of MS ISO/IEC 17025:2005 accreditation in chemical testing to include new methodologies of analysis like Inductively-coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometric (ICP-OES) and X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometric (XRF) techniques Assistance Required from CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities Assistance from CCOP is required in: (i) Training on processing, integration and interpretation of geochemical, geophysical and geological data. (ii) Expertise in R&D with specific reference to industrial minerals Assistance Offered to CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities Assistance in Coal Laboratory Development and Coal Quality Testing The Coal Laboratory of the Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia has acquired more than 20 years of experience and technical expertise in coal testing and is wellrecognised as a competent testing laboratory in the country for coal quality evaluation. The laboratory currently has in its equipment inventory, a comprehensive range of modern instrumentation to perform ultimate and proximate analysis as well as technological tests for coal samples. The laboratory adopts internationally recognised ASTM (American Society of Testing and Materials) Standard Methods for the testing of coal and the entire scope of 16 coal quality tests conducted by the coal laboratory is currently MS ISO/IEC 17025:2005 accredited. Malaysia through the auspices of the Minerals and Geoscience Department is in a favourable position to offer technical assistance (advice and training) to fellow CCOP member countries intending to set up a laboratory for coal testing, as well as the implementation/conduct of coal quality testing activities in the laboratory Assistance in the Assay of Gold by Fire-assay and Cupellation The laboratory in Ipoh operates a gold testing facility to assay gold purity (fineness of gold) in gold bullion samples by cupellation, while the laboratories in Kuantan and Sarawak are fully equipped to conduct analysis of trace gold in geochemical exploration samples by fire-assay pre-concentration, cupellation and flame atomic absorption analysis. All the three laboratories are technically competent to perform gold analysis by the fire assay/cupellation technique and the government of Malaysia through the auspices of the Minerals and Gesocience Department can also offer technical expertise to fellow CCOP member countries seeking assistance to set up a fire-assay laboratory for gold testing. Programme Contact Person: Ab Halim Hamzah, JMG [abhalim@jmg.gov.my] Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 180 CCOP Technical Secretariat

184 2. ENERGY PROGRAMME 2.1. Summary During the review period of July 2010 to June 2012, a total of 17 new Production Sharing Contracts (PSCs) were signed. Aggressive and vigorous exploration activities were being conducted in Malaysia as seen from the increase in seismic acquisitions and the amount of exploration drilling performed when compared to the previous review period. A total of 23,710 line-km of 2D and 15,212 km 2 of 3D seismic data were acquired and 62 exploration wells (11 appraisals) were drilled resulting in 36 significant oil and gas discoveries. Crude oil and gas production are shown in table below: Period Crude Oil (kboe per day) Gas (Bscf per day) July 2010 June July 2011 June Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities New Production Sharing Contracts (PSC) Signed Seventeen new exploration PSCs were signed during the review period. Details are as follows: Block Area No. of PSC Year Signed Peninsular Shallow Malaysia Water Sarawak Sabah Peninsular Deep Malaysia Water Sarawak Geophysical Surveys Sabah A total of 23,710 line-km of 2D and 15,212 km 2 of 3D seismic data were acquired during the period. Details are as follows: REGION NEW 2D SEISMIC NEW 3D SEISMIC (Line-km) (km 2 ) Peninsular 3,810 2,049 Malaysia Sabah 5,448 6,793 Sarawak 10,946 9,876 Total 23,710 15,212 Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 181 CCOP Technical Secretariat

185 Exploration and Development Drilling A total of 62 exploration wells (11 appraisals) were drilled resulting in 36 significant oil and gas discoveries Production of Oil and Gas During period July 2010 to June 2011, Malaysia s average daily crude oil production was 512 kboe per day and gas production was 5.9 Bscf per day. For the period July 2011 to June 2012, Malaysia s average daily crude oil production was 469 kboe per day and gas production was 6.0 Bscf per day. The table below shows the breakdown of the production according to area: Production Crude Oil Gas Period Area July 2010 to June 2011 July 2011 to June 2012 Peninsular Malaysia 45% 46% Sarawak 22% 24% Sabah 33% 30% Peninsular Malaysia 35% 31% Sarawak 62% 65% Sabah 3% 4% Reserves The oil and gas reserves in Malaysia are as follows: As of Januari 2011: i) Crude oil and Condensates : 8 BSTB ii) Natural Gas : 8 TSCF As of Januari 2012: i) Crude Oil : 3 BSTB ii) Natural Gas : 40 TSCF 2.3. Proposed Future Activities Malaysia would like to propose three to four energy related seminars / workshops to be carried out in The titles of the seminars / workshops will be submitted for CCOP s consideration before the end of the year Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities Expertise in hydrodynamic play and fractured basement play Assistance Offered to CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities Basin analysis and sequence stratigraphy. Programme Contact Person: Azani A Manaf, National Coordinator for EPPM (Enhanced Public Policy Management) [azanima@petronas.com.my] Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 182 CCOP Technical Secretariat

186 3. GROUNDWATER PROGRAMME 3.1. Summary Groundwater is increasingly playing a more important role in supplying the domestic, industrial and agricultural water needs of the country. As such, groundwater investigation, development and monitoring continued to be actively carried out in the country during the review period Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Groundwater Exploration and Development Groundwater was developed both in hard rocks and alluvium in almost all the states for water resources. Studies were also conducted in order to obtain information for basin modelling purposes. Construction of groundwater wells for peat fire fighting was successfully implemented in the states of Johore, Kelantan, Pahang, Sarawak and Sabah Groundwater Monitoring Groundwater monitoring has been consistently carried out during the review period in order to ensure groundwater resources sustainability and also to prevent degradation of the groundwater resources due to over-pumping and contamination. The monitoring work carried out included measuring water table, groundwater sampling, and land subsidence monitoring. A total of 400 water wells were monitored during the review period. Data from the monitoring work indicated that there were no significant changes pertaining to the water level, water quality and subsidence Proposed Future Activities Malaysia will continue with the development of groundwater resources in various parts of the country Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities Assistance from CCOP is required in groundwater resource assessment and monitoring. Programme Contact Person: Mohammed Hatta Abd. Karim, JMG [hattak@jmg.gov.my] Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 183 CCOP Technical Secretariat

187 4. COASTAL ZONE PROGRAMME GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR 4.1. Summary The sustainable management of the coastal zone in Malaysia forms an integral part of the coastal development and, therefore, continual efforts are made by the government to study the coastal zone resources and coastal ecological habitats Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Coastal Programmes undertaken by Department of Irrigation and Drainage a. Tsunami Study In light of the December 2004 tsunami, a tsunami modelling study was carried out for the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The modelling study simulated the processes of a potential tsunami wave propagating into a channelised water body such as the Straits of Malacca and to study how the wave would be amplified as it reached the shallower coastal areas and flood plains. Several classification maps which delineate the dangerous and safe coastal zones were produced. These maps should help the decision makers to manage any similar future disaster more systematically and enable them to plan effective mitigation measures. b. Integrated Shoreline Management Plans (ISMPs) The ISMP programs carried out by the Department of Irrigation and Drainage are tailored in line with the principles of Integrated Coastal Zone Management to address the major issues and problems facing our shorelines. It is an integrated approach that takes into account all the sectoral activities that affect the coastal areas and it gives due consideration to economic, social, environmental and ecological issues. The goal is to develop a management tool to harmonise all the activities in the coastal area to support a broader set of management objectives for the coastal area. To date, the Department of Irrigation and Drainage has completed ISMP for Pahang, Malacca, Negeri Sembilan, Penang, Labuan and Miri, Sarawak. Two other ISMP are currently ongoing, these ares in Sabah and Johor Marine Geology Programmes undertaken by Minerals and Geoscience Department JMG undertook 3 projects and was one of the lead agencies for the on-going continental shelf project. a. Coastal Geology Mapping in Penang Island The beaches of Penang are healthy due to the limited human modification to the coast and the continuing supply of sand brought down to the coast by rivers. The absence of groynes, breakwaters, and major reclamation on all the coasts except those on the northeast and east of the island is the main reason for the healthy state of the beaches. There will be seasonal changes to some beaches and some may show longer term change reflecting changes in the wave climate and sediment supply but these are natural and the loss of sand on one beach or part of a beach may be balanced by accretion on a nearby beach. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 184 CCOP Technical Secretariat

188 The major reclamation at Tanjung Pinang may have affected the beaches at Gurney Drive but these beaches and associated coastal defenses are relatively stable. There are no natural beaches on the largely reclaimed east coast of the island south of Georgetown, and they appear to be relatively stable. Large volumes of sand are brought in to form the reclamations and some of this may be lost and move on to nourish and add to the protection on adjacent beaches. b. Coastal Studies at One Fathom Bank, Straits of Malacca The purpose of the study is to understand the coastal processes and the formation of the sand banks in that area for proper management and sustainable mining of the offshore sand resources of the area. Sediment transport, littoral currents and pollution dispersal in the region could all be inter-related to the One Fathom Bank (OFB), either directly or indirectly, and the hydrodynamics and chemo-dynamics of that environment. The OFB also appears to be a major repository of sand resources. Any attempt to mine, dredge or otherwise disturb the OFB and the shoals around its vicinity could have widespread environmental and economic impacts, some of which could have regional as well as national implications. Thus, the study undertaken is directed towards bridging this gap in information on the OFB so as to assess its impacts and the economic implications of sand mining. c. National Offshore Sand Resource Study Phase 2 in Offshore Sarawak Phase 2 of the National Offshore Sand Resource Study was carried out off the waters of Sarawak. The study was to determine the potential sand reserves and impacts of sand mining on the environment. The study commenced in December 2008 and was completed in September Extended Continental Shelf Project Malaysia and Vietnam made their joint partial submission of their entitlement in the South China Sea in accordance with Rule 4 of Annex 1 to the Commission s Rule of Procedures to the Commission through the Secretary-General of the United Nations on 6 May They made their plenary presentation to the Commission on Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) at the 24 th Session of the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in New York on 27 August Their submission had been deferred due to protests from China and The Philippines. Continual work on the continental shelf project was maintained throughout 2010 till Assistance Required from CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities As offshore sand mining is on the increase in the developing coastal states, government agencies need to regulate and monitor the sand mining activities effectively. In moving towards establishment of a more effective monitoring role by the relevant agencies, Malaysia proposes that CCOP might organise a special conference on offshore sand exploration and mining in Japan or South Korea, so as to coincide with a study tour to where offshore sand is being used in the construction industry as well as for reclamation purposes. Programme Contact Person: Dr.V.R.Vijayan, JMG [vjgeomarin@gmail.com]; [drvijay@jmg.gov.my] Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 185 CCOP Technical Secretariat

189 5. GEO-HAZARDS PROGRAMME 5.1. Summary The rapid pace of development has resulted in increasing scarcity of areas ideal for development and at times the development has encroached on environmentally sensitive areas including hillside areas. Accordingly, Malaysia, through JMG, has taken proactive measures to try to prevent or minimise geo-hazard occurrences by implementing geological terrain mapping, engineering geological mapping and undertaking studies on peat and soft soils. Information from these mapping projects were used widely in land-use planning by local authorities and government agencies. Geo-hazard investigations were carried out whenever there were occurrences of geo-hazardous events such as landslides and sinkholes in order to determine the possible causes and thence endeavoured to propose viable effective mitigation and prevention measures to the relevant agencies. JMG also received requests for engineering geology advisory services from various sectors. On the whole, geological terrain mapping was carried out in almost all the states with overall coverage of 1075 km 2 whereas engineering geological mapping and studies on peat and soft soils were only carried out in a few states Proposed Future Activities Malaysia will continue with: (i) Geological Terrain Mapping Through geological terrain mapping, thematic maps such as Slope Maps, Terrain Maps, Erosion Maps, Physical Constraints Maps, Engineering Geology Maps and Construction Suitability Maps will be generated. These maps have proven to be useful for development planning purposes. (ii) Investigation of peat areas Investigations of peat lands will be conducted in various states. The physical and engineering characteristics of these peat lands will be studied. (iii) Stability of slopes and limestone hills Investigations will be conducted on slopes and limestone hills in several states to map dangerous slopes or cliff faces and to demarcate the safe and danger zones especially at the base of the limestone hills Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities Expertise in peat study particularly in overcoming the engineering problems associated with development on peat land Assistance Offered to CCOP in Support of Future Activities Malaysia has acquired expertise on geological terrain mapping and is in a position to advise or transfer the knowledge to whichever neighbouring countries are interested in developing the mapping technique. Programme Contact Person: Mohd Badzran Mat Taib, JMG [badzran@jmg.gov.my] Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 186 CCOP Technical Secretariat

190 6. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY PROGRAMME 6.1. Summary The environmental geological programme carried out involves mainly groundwater monitoring and specific environmental geology studies Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Groundwater Monitoring Groundwater monitoring with regards to groundwater contamination and pollution migration was carried out in the state of Kelantan near a waste disposal site. Routine groundwater quality monitoring was carried out in all the groundwater catchment areas Specific Environmental Geology Studies Environmental geology studies were carried out in Perak to identify the source of arsenic contamination at a new settlement area on ex-mining land and to identify the source of methane gas emission at another site. An environmental impact study was also carried out at Sg. Baleh and Batang Rajang areas, Sarawak to investigate the environmental impact caused by the widespread large scale landslides Proposed Future Activities Malaysia will continue with: (i) Groundwater monitoring; (ii) Environmental geology studies at areas of concern Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities Expertise in groundwater especially in the area of contamination monitoring and mitigation. Programme Contact Person: Mohd Badzran Mat Taib, JMG [badzran@jmg.gov.my] Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 187 CCOP Technical Secretariat

191 GEO-INFORMATION SECTOR 7. GEO-DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME 7.1. Summary During the review period, quite substantial progress has been achieved in the geoinformation sector. The geospatial technology has been broadly used in both routine and long-term initiatives such as: old geological maps reconciliation, geospatial data sharing and also data entry and updating in our newly accomplished integrated databases development. To ensure proper and continuation in the implementation of mineral and geoscience activities in the department, a series of guidelines were published Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Geological Maps Continuing efforts in providing informative yet good quality geological maps (scale of 1:63,360), old maps (mostly in ammonia printed form) were reconciled by the use of GIS. A total of 100 sheets of such maps, out of 139 sheets covering the whole of Peninsular Malaysia, were reproduced. Along with the old maps re-production, new geological maps containing new geological information obtained from current mapping work done by our researchers were also made available. Both the old and new geological digital data were then, merged to a new edition of the 1:750,000 scale "Geological Map of Peninsular Malaysia". The draft map was expected to be completed by September The new map is planned to be published by the end of Dissemination of Geospatial Data As a contributing member of the Malaysian national spatial data infrastructure programme, JMG plays its supporting role by providing the latest mineral and geoscience geospatial datasets (including the metadata) for the National Geospatial Database hosted by Malaysian Centre for Geospatial Data Infrastructure (MaCGDI). A user-friendly mineral and geoscience related data policy was introduced in 2011 to state clearly the data-sharing procedure and the revised data-charges and also to promote data security awareness. Collaborative work and data sharing with other government and nongovernment agencies was also undertaken for the purpose of the betterment of society. To ensure efficient data sharing, a set of standard and common features and attribute codes are required. Therefore, a national MS1759 Features and Attributes Code has been initiated to compile appropriate codes to be applied by both data producers and users of geospatial data. A few categories have been set up and among them is Theme: Geology (including Geolithology, Mineral, Fossil, Mining, Exploration, Geological Features and Geosciences). The compilation task was started in 2010 with a final draft was to be completed in September The Standard and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia (SIRIM), a government wholly-owned company, plans to publish a finalised standard document in Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 188 CCOP Technical Secretariat

192 Development of Database and Data Centre Since the completion of the Minerals and Geoscience Information System (MINGEOSIS), the JMG-owned integrated geospatial and textural database information system, at the end of 2011, intensive data entry and updating tasks have been carried out. The MINGEOSIS includes 8 databases: Hydrogeology, Industrial Minerals, Geochemical Exploration, Metallic Minerals, Engineering Geology, Coal Exploration, Mines and Quarries. The MINGEOSIS is a dynamic system which will be continuously upgraded, enhanced and expanded. Information obtained from reports of previous work and current findings are consolidated into a single system, as our goal is to act as the national depository for all information related to geoscience and mineral resources of the country. JMG is also developing a range of web-based GIS applications. At the moment these applications are only available for internal use. A Data Centre to house the servers, applications and data has been set up Publication of Guidelines for Mineral and Geoscience Activities JMG is in the process of documenting and publishing a series of guidelines related to mineral and geoscience activities undertaken by JMG. These guidelines would provide comprehensive references to ensure professionalism and quality of all work carried out by JMG. To date a total of 10 guidelines have been published. For the geospatial activities a proper implementation of the GIS technology is crucial to ensure data integrity, quality and security.. A guideline is drafted to delineate common data handling and management practices. The compilation of the guideline which started in 2010 is planned to be finalised by the end of Proposed Future Activities The MINGEOSIS system will be expanded to include databases for Geophysics, Research & Development, Quaternary Geology, Environmental Geology, Geological Mapping and Geoheritage. Development of new GIS web-based simple analysis applications to fully utilise the mineral and geoscience databases are also planned. 7.4 Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities Malaysia welcomes technical assistance in the following areas: (i) Expert advice on developing applications. (ii) On-the-job-training on various aspects of database development and management. Programme Contact Person: Mohd Zulkiflee Che Soh, JMG [zulkiflee@jmg.gov.my] Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 189 CCOP Technical Secretariat

193 JOINT TECHNICAL COOPERATION 1. MALAYSIA-THAILAND BORDER JOINT GEOLOGICAL SURVEY (MT-JGS) The Malaysia-Thailand Border Joint Geological Survey project (MT-JGS) was established during the 7th Meeting of the Joint Committee for Malaysia-Thailand in Kuala Lumpur, January Both parties agreed to carry out in phases, a joint geological survey along the border. Since the commencement of the programme in the year 2000, 5 transect areas have been surveyed, namely; Gubir-Sadao Transect Area, Batu Melintang-Sungai Kolok Transect Area, Pengkalan Hulu-Betong Transect Area, Bukit Batu Puteh-Satun Transect Area and Belum-Hala Transect Area. The report of all the 5 transect areas has been successfully published. During the review period, joint studies were carried out on the Stratigraphic Correlation of the Singa-Khuan Formation and Litho- and Biostratigraphic Correlation of chert beds in various rock units along the Malaysia-Thailand border. Reports on both joint studies were to be submitted to the Malaysia-Thailand Border Joint Geological Survey Committee (MT-JGSC) during the Ninth MT-JGSC Meeting held in Trang, Thailand on 12 th September Joint surveys on the Geological Conservation and Geological Tourism in Langkawi- Tarutao Islands and Geology of Langkawi-Tarutao Transect Area were carried out by both parties during 2011 and 2012 respectively. The joint surveys are expected to be completed in September The Malaysia-Thailand Border Joint Geological Survey (MT-JGS) has benefited both countries in terms of geological correlation and geological resources along the border. It also served as a platform for sharing the knowledge and expertise among the two countries. Programme Contact Person: Mohd Badzran Mat Taib, JMG [badzran@jmg.gov.my] 2. MALAYSIA-INDONESIA SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF GEOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed on 22 March 2010, at the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Putrajaya between Malaysia and Indonesia to enhance and develop mutual cooperation in the field of geology and mineral resources. The MoU acknowledges the importance of geology and mineral resources in the development of the economies of the two countries. The areas of cooperation include joint geological survey, geological resources and mineral investigation, exchange of scientific and technical information, exchange of scientists and technical personnel to work on collaborative research and development projects. The 2 nd Steering Committee Meeting and Four Technical Working Groups (TWG) Meetings were held on 10 th -13 th January 2011 in Ancol, Jakarta, Indonesia. The respective TWG meetings had discussions pertaining to the proposed cooperation activities by both countries. The agreed resolutions were then submitted to the Steering Committee for reviewing and endorsement. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 190 CCOP Technical Secretariat

194 The activities that were implemented during 2011 by the various Technical Working Groups were: a) Geohazards in Klang Valley, April 2011, Kuala Lumpur. TWG Geohazard b) Working visit to Silantek Coal Mine and Surrounding Areas, 9-14 May 2011, Sarawak TWG Mineral and Energy Resources c) Capacity Building on Risk Assessment and Management of Earthquake and Landslide Hazards, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, July 2011 TWG Geohazard d) Training Course on Inventory and Exploration of Geothermal Resources, July 2011, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. TWG Mineral and Energy Resources e) Geological Mapping Correlation Programme, Kuching, Sarawak, July 2011, Kuching, Sarawak TWG Geological Correlation f) Geohazards in Bandung, September 2011, Bandung, Indonesia TWG Geohazard g) Training in Geoheritage Assessment and Management, October 2011 in Kuala Lumpur and Pulau Langkawi TWG Hydrogeology and Geoheritage The 3 rd Steering Committee Meeting on Scientific and Technical Cooperation in the field of Geology and Mineral Resources between the Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia and Geological Agency Indonesia was held on 5 th July 2012 in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. Prior to the Steering Committee Meeting, the Four Technical Working Groups (TWG) Meetings were held back to back on 3 rd 4 th July 2012 at the same venue. Some of the activities undertaken during the year 2012 were reported as follows: a) First Interim Meeting on Hydrological Study in the Sebatik Island and Joint Field Check, February 2012 in Tawau, Sabah, Malaysia - TWG Hydrogeology and Geoheritage b) Geological Correlation and Field Excursion at Badau-Kantu Valley, Kalimantan, Indonesia, March 2012 TWG Geological Correlation Programme Contact Person: Hamadi Che Harun, JMG [hamadi@jmg.gov.my] Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 191 CCOP Technical Secretariat

195 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia Member Country Report of Papua New Guinea (PNG) Submitted by Delegation of PNG (For Agenda Item 3) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 192 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

196 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand ANNUAL MEMBER COUNTRY REPORT Country: PAPUA NEW GUINEA Period: 1 July June 2012 GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR 1. MINERAL PROGRAMME 1.1. Summary The year has been a time for continuing the rebuilding of the Geological Survey of Papua New Guinea. The keys to this are the recruitment of well-qualified geologists and the continued scanning of material from the technical library and the cataloguing of rock and core holdings. The lack of suitably trained and experienced geologists in the employment pool has led to the recruitment of new graduates and the creation of training schemes in the Geological Survey to maximize staff potential. The recruitment of a manager of Geological Mapping and Mineral Exploration from Western Australia and a database geologist from BGS in the United Kingdom have assisted in the creation of a robust methodology for modern geological mapping and the creation of new databases. The delivery of radar data and air photography and notebook data from Geoscience Australia's archive has assisted in updating geological maps of PNG. Unfortunately the resignation of the manager of Geological Mapping and Mineral Exploration in early 2012 due to lack of funding for helicopters for field mapping has somewhat set back this process. The EU funded GEOMAP archive with updates to the geological mapping was completed during the year with significant upgrades align with the previous symbols and mapping standards and was officially released to clients at the PDAC Conference in Toronto in March Training programs and staff research associated with this project and through CCOP have assisted in building the knowledge of the Geological Survey geologists. The change from MapInfo to ArcGis and training of staff in the interpretation of airborne geophysics and remote sensing data has facilitated transition to modern methods of geological mapping and future data delivery of both tenement and geoscience data over the web. This will allow updates to geoscience data to be linked to a range of World Bank and MRA funded projects in the future including a Mining Tenements Management System. The digital capture of archival library data continued during the year but has been delayed by the lack of scanners to be delivered under World Bank funding and by lack of staff and delays in fixing existing in-house scanners. The project is now scheduled to be completed by mid Country wide regional geochemistry is on the agenda for PNG to request assistance at the CCOP forum in November Community based geoscience in line with GSD's service delivery continued during the year with water and infrastructures - based projects Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 193 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

197 1.2. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities This year was been a time to consolidate gains from a range of training and education gains from staff commencing higher degrees in overseas universities. Compilation and final editing of the 1: Geological map publication series over the Central highlands from the GEOMAP project was a major mapping activity from July 2011 to June 2012 with release of all geological mapping products in March 2012 at Prospectors and Developers Association of Canada (PDAC). Completion of the GEOMAP project included delivery of a GEOMAP archive of technical reports and ancillary data such as palaeontology, petrology and isotopic age dating and all geophysics and geochemistry data and associated pdf map products and Map Info GIS coverage. This data set is available on external hard drive from MRA. To date 3 sales of this data have been completed. The release of the geophysical and geochemical data sets continues to be a major impetus for renewed exploration in PNG with significant interest being shown by major global companies in acquiring new exploration tenements in PNG. Significant follow up with more detailed surveys covering the area of the GEOMAP areas and adjacent areas has been a feature of some programs by exploration companies. A metallogenic map of the D'Entrecasteux islands was released in late Work on the metallogenic 1: Special maps (RAMU and WABAG) of the Central Highlands has been advanced with likely completion of the Ramu Special map in late The metallogenic mapping project forms part of ongoing development of a new annual digital product on PNG Mines and prospects called 'PNG Minerals' and these are expected to be released in late Update of the Wabag Special metallogenic map should include edge matching and merging of geological map units identified under the GEOMAP Project with previous geological mapping of the southwestern part of the area mapped previously by Geoscience Australia and the Geological Survey of PNG. This map joining will be a pilot project in line with a World Bank project to join all PNG maps at 1: and to eventually create a seamless coverage of PNG for the global One Geology Project under IUGS. Geological Survey cartographers have taken studies to MSc level externally in Australia and by correspondence in the United Kingdom. The MSc project by the senior cartographer will focus on a method to produce seamless geological map coverage of PNG and develop a stratigraphic lexicon on PNG geological units as part of the One Geology Project. Field training orientation for staff and development of the quality of point data observations was carried out in the Wau 1: map sheet in August 2011 in order to produce a more up-to-date geological interpretation for this important mineral producing region. A technical note outlining observations was produced (TN2012/2). One staff member is commencing an honours project of on the Morobe Granodiorite with field work planned for August and September Five staff continued MSc level studies in collaboration with overseas universities at Leeds and Leicester University in the United Kingdom (UK) and at Clausthal University in Germany. Research projects have advanced in Bougainville and at the advanced Wafi-Golpu Project (Morobe Province) with submission of results expected in late 2012 and in late 2013 to early Most rock samples from previous geological mapping in PNG have been photographed and stored ready for the construction of a new core shed. As a future initiative it is envisaged that images of these rock samples will be available as spatially located data within PNG on an updated MRA website. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 194 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

198 The Geological Survey Division has advanced urban geology project update in the Port Moresby 1: area with a goal of updating this map and using the local area for field-based geological mapping training. A report has been prepared and parts of the map will be visited to check the boundaries between engineering rock units to complete this project and deliver a new urban geology map. Other major centres in PNG such as Lae Madang and Wewak are planned for future projects on urban geology. Staff attended the International Geological Congress in Brisbane in August Geological mapping and mineral Exploration The major project carried out was staff training in geological mapping in the Wau area in August 2011 culminating in the completion of a technical note bases on the mapping program. The lack of available funding in the 2012 budget for helicopter support curtailed activities and staff concentrated on completing existing projects and a new product PNG minerals and working locally on work on the urban geology of Port Moresby. A catalogue of all air photography and note book data from 1: geological mapping in PNG by Geoscience Australia was scanned and delivered to Mineral resources Authority and is being incorporated in an updated digital catalogue of all PNG photography. Geotechnical, geophysical and and hydro projects Geotechnical projects included work on the urban geology of PNG, the hydropower project at Purari and Hella and planning for mine inspections and assessment of landslips, foundation investigations (Kudjip Hospital) and mitigation of geohazards in local areas. A prefeasibility study was completed for the Simbu Lime Project in Simbu Province in November 2011 and is awaiting funds for carrying out the feasibility study to determine the limestone resources. The revised digital urban geology map of Port Moresby at 1:50,000 was completed in June 2012 by the Geotechnical and Hydrogeology Branch. It is only a draft and will be edited for publication at the end of the year. This project will be extended to other major urban centres such as Lae, Madang, Goroka and Kokopo/Rabaul. The Geotechnical and Hydrogeology Branch was involved in the supervision of geotechnical drilling and core logging at Purari Hydropower Project site between May and August 2012 as part of the feasibility study. The project is estimated to generate about 300MW power and is a one of the largest single hydropower project ever undertaken in PNG. The Geophysical Mapping Branch completed a magnetic survey of the of the Kusi area, Garaina District. The target is a porphyry-style Cu-Au mineralization hosted in metasediments. The project lasted ten days. Significant interest has been shown by a number of companies in exploring for coal and associated coal seam gas in PNG. There is very little comprehensive data on this resource in PNG and Geological Survey is collaborating with companies to create a comprehensive database of coal occurrences resources and analyses. Staff training in coal seam gas investigation was initiated due to the interest in this resource. Site visits to coal seam gas drilling by InterOil at Smipen and Drimgas sites were undertaken. Oil Search donated two containers full of drill cores extracted from the coal Seam Drilling program. The cores have been freighted to Port Moresby and are in temporary storage in containers at Mining Haus. Sampling of this core was undertaken as part of an assessment of coal resources of PNG. A Branch member was involved in deep crustal research of the Eastern Papua region. The project is in partnership with Lamonte University (Colombia), USA. The project came to a conclusion in August 2011 and training in the data processing was held in May Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 195 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

199 Branch staff assisted Reykjavik Geothermal Company complete a reconnaissance survey of the Karkar Island. The team held talks with the Provincial Authorities, the District Authority, the Local Level Government and the local landowners. The team was received a warm welcome from all levels of the audience. A groundwater survey was also conducted for Finschafen town, Morobe Province. The investigation was conducted for Water PNG, in an attempt to find a suitable groundwater aquifer to supply the town and surrounding communities. The investigation was for seven days. A GNS-supported sampling program was completed in the Wau-Bulolo areas. Water and gas samples from hot streams and creeks were collected and sent down to the GNS laboratory, Wairakei, for further analysis. The project lasted just over two weeks. A mineral exploration program commenced in the Rigo district Central Province. The project combined a ground magnetic survey and geological mapping in an attempt to explain the existence of a gossan in the area. The project lasted two weeks. A second phase of the project continued into March 2012, but in a different location. The second site was mined for manganese and ceased operation during World War II. In May 2012 another ground magnetic survey was conducted in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea in an attempt to locate drill targets for a porphyry Cu-Mo deposit. Drilling has now commenced in the area. A staff member of the group continues to participate actively in the UN sanctioned Delimitation project (or continental shelf extension project) For the ongoing management of the digital archive library records management training and conference attendance was undertaken during the year. Staff attended the SOPAC conference in Fiji in December 2011 and contributed to a country report of minerals and petroleum. Information and marketing (IMB) Conferences and events attended included PDAC, Mines and money Beijing and Sydney, China Mining and PNG Australia business forum. Information and marketing provided a range of spatial information products both a standard products and customized maps for clients and produced the six monthly MRA technical Bulletins and the "Mineral Tok' newsletter for clients. Advertisements of products and services were also handled for both online magazines and the PNG business directory. IMB also has a public relations function for the MRA and produces supplements and articles to newspapers of work carried out by the authority and organises presentations and events to attract clients to increase interaction between MRA staff and the client base. List of Geological Survey Technical Notes and maps July2011- June 2012 BANDELOW, F., 2011: 1: Geological map series of Papua New Guinea, Sheet 7987 Musak. Port Moresby: Mineral Resources Authority. DOBMEIER, C. J., 2011: 1: Geological map series of Papua New Guinea, Sheet 7787 Jimi. Port Moresby: Mineral Resources Authority. DOBMEIER, C. J. and PAPUA, S., 2011: 1: Geological map series of Papua New Guinea, Sheet 7788 Rain. Port Moresby: Mineral Resources Authority. DOBMEIER, C. J. and POKE, B., 2011: 1: Geological map series of Papua New Guinea, Sheet 7887 Aiome. Port Moresby: Mineral Resources Authority. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 196 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

200 DOBMEIER, C. J., POKE, B. and WAGNER, B., 2011: 1: Geological map series of Papua New Guinea, Sheet 7886 Minj. Port Moresby: Mineral Resources Authority. EGARA, S.S., 2011: Martyrs Memorial High School groundwater study report. Geological Survey technical note 01/2012. GEOMAP ARCHIVE 2012: All technical reports and database and maps from the Geomap Project IRARUE, P., KUNA G. and SWALILI, D., 2012: 01/2012, Kudjip Seismic refraction survey, Geological Survey technical note 01/2012. KUNA, G., 2011: Geotechnical appraisal of Gulf Southern highlands Highway route, Desk study Report submitted to Dept of Transport. MOSUSU. N. and GIWI. L., Magnetic signature of the Kusi mineral prospect, Garaina, Morobe Province, Geological Survey technical note 05/2011. MOSUSU. N, 2011; Resistivity survey for ground water development at Finschhafen, Morobe, Geological Survey technical note 09/2011. MOSUSU, N, IRARUE, P and VERAVE, R, 2012, Magnetic signature of the Kotna mineral prospect, Hagen, Western Highlands Province: Mineral Resources Authority, Papua New Guinea, Technical Note 2012/02, 18p. SAROA D, TSIPERAU CU, ABIARI I, BOKUIK AL, KUMAN N, LAHAN MM, POKE B, TEVLONE AP and SHEPPARD S, 2012: A preliminary re-examination of the geology of the Wau Bulolo area: Mineral Resources Authority, Papua New Guinea, Technical Note 2012/2. SPIELER, O. & HOEFLAKEN VAN, F., 2011: 1: Geological map series of Papua New Guinea, Sheet 7488 Double. Port Moresby: Mineral Resources Authority. SPIELER, O. S., 2011: 1: Geological map series of Papua New Guinea, Sheet 7686 Wapenamanda. Port Moresby: Mineral Resources Authority. TIMM, F., 2011: 1: Geological map series of Papua New Guinea, Sheet 7986 Bundi. Port Moresby: Mineral Resources Authority. TIMM, F., 2011: 1: Geological map series of Papua New Guinea, Sheet 7785 Ialibu. Port Moresby: Mineral Resources Authority. TIMM, F. & MUKE, L., 2011: 1: Geological map series of Papua New Guinea, Sheet 7885 Kubor. Port Moresby: Mineral Resources Authority. TIMM, F., 2011: Geology of Kubor Anticline, PNG. Geological Survey technical note 07/2011. WAGNER, B. & SPIELER, O., 2011: 1: Geological map series of Papua New Guinea, Sheet 7786 Hagen. Port Moresby: Mineral Resources Authority. Papua New Guinea is ranked in the top 10 destinations for mineral exploration and development in Raw Materials Group survey, Sweden, 2011). The Mineral Resources Authority (MRA) continues its mandated function by regulating the mining industry in PNG and make readily available information on geology, exploration, tenements and mining to investors. There is significant interest by foreign companies for Exploration Licenses (EL). The Mining Advisory Council (MAC) meets regularly to deliberate on several applications and renewals. there has developed a backlog of applications for exploration tenements in Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 197 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

201 PNG due to the success of the pre-competitive data released under the GEOMAP project and the world demand for mineral resources (particularly from China and India).. Lower growth rates in China may temper the demand in the next 12 months. Projects gaining international interest and moving towards production in 2012 in PNG are Xstrata s Frieda River, Harmony Gold & Newcrest s Wafi-Golpu, Marengo s Yandera and Nautilus Solwara 1. Except for Solwara 1 which has been granted a Mining Development License, the projects have advanced to, or are at, the stage of completing Feasibility Studies. All have already commenced the consultative processes with the Governments and stakeholders of Papua New Guinea on mining these resources. Operating mines in the country continue to sustain the National Government s budget, with more than 60% of the revenue. Mining will continue to contribute revenue for the development of the country for the next 4-5 years. This percentage contribution currently experienced may increase with the export of LNG starting 2014/15. This period will also be the time the above mentioned mining projects will start production or are in the final stages of their constructions Proposed Future Activities A new geophysical survey has been planned to fly to the West Papua border region. The proposed flying to the west of Area 1 would attempt to link the geophysical survey with the geology of West Papua. It is proposed that discussion between PNG and Indonesian CCOP representatives discuss this option at the committee meeting. It is proposed that a database of coal resources of PNG be compiled from industry and government sources and to seek funding for the establishment of a new functional group in Geological Survey to cover this role. The lack of trained geoscientists in PNG in coal geology presents an obstacle to this proposal Assistance Required from CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities Require assistance in enhancing and interpretation of geophysical images; in association with other available geological and geochemical datasets (see 1.1). Assistance is also required in the design of a country-wide regional geochemistry study in line with those carried out by other members of CCOP Assistance Offered to CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities It may be possible that our experiences in processing and interpreting of geophysical datasets, especially airborne magnetic and radiometric, and their usefulness in field geological mapping, can be highlighted or presented in a workshop to other CCOP members particularly related to interpreting such data along an active plate margin Others Comments There is a strong need for the procurement of appropriate tools (eg, software and hardware) to enable integrated interpretation of geophysical datasets and to develop countrywide datasets. Current configurations do not allow for smooth processing of the large datasets generated during the MSSP program in PNG. New configurations are being planned with updated hardware and software subject to funding. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 198 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

202 Programme Contact Person: Mr. Leonard Cranfield: Executive Manager Geological Survey Division Mineral Resources Authority P. O. Box 1906 PORT MORESBY 121, NCD, PNG Phone: (675) /Fax: (675) ENERGY PROGRAMME 2.1. Summary A reconnaissance survey of the Wau-Bulolo area for geothermal development was conducted by the Geological Survey Division. The team from the Geophysics and Geological Mapping conducted water and gas sampling and scouted new areas of geothermal manifestation. The samples were later sent down to the GNS Sciences laboratory at Wairekei for analysis. GNS Science assisted in the program by conducting training for the Geological Survey team and providing advice on sample preparation using preservatives. Pre-field training was conducted at Wairakei and in Port Moresby. GSD staff also accompanied Reykjavik Geothermal Company (RGC) to Karkar Island, which is seen as a potential site for future geothermal development. A staff member of the Geological Survey is currently on a 6-month geothermal training assignment in Iceland, following a successful application for scholarships with the Icelandic Government. The staff member returns end of October, Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Development in the geothermal sector appears to be hampered by the non-existence of a geothermal policy, despite the huge interest in developing the resource by major international companies. Reykjavik Geothermal Company continues to be interested in the geothermal resource if the country. The company was granted exploration license over Karkar Island in late Further work could not be carried out due to restrictions placed by the Attorney General. The company, however, with the support from the Mineral Resources Authority, is highly regarded by the landowners and the Madang Provincial Government, and is keen to start exploratory work once given the approval. RGC is targeting a 100 MW geothermal plant to meet the electricity demand of the town and mining operations. The Mineral Resources Authority carried out a sampling program in the Wau-Bulolo geothermal areas. The sampling program was requested by Newcrest Mining Limited through the Geological Nuclear Sciences (GNS) of New Zealand. GNS provided training for members of the investigation team and also helped prepare sampling equipment prior to conducting the sampling program. Work on a World Bank-supported geothermal study in the country is nearing commencement after TOR and Project proposals have been completed and a successful tenderer was accepted. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 199 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

203 As part of our on-going commitment to train staff in geothermal exploration, a staff member of the Geological Survey is currently on a 6-month geothermal training course at the United Nations University Geothermal Training Institute, in Iceland. This follows a successful application for scholarship with the Icelandic Government. The staff member returns end of October, Proposed Future Activities GSD will carry out sampling programs in selected geothermal sites with the assistance of GNS, in a study to be funded by the World Bank. The project is expected to commence in November 2012 and will last about 18 months Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities CCOP may assist in designing an appropriate geothermal database for the country and providing technical expertise in development of a case study Assistance Offered to CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities As a collaborative project, our officers can share the experiences and exchange ideas in conducting geothermal water sampling and direct current resistivity methods around geothermal areas Other Comments Our officers need more exposure to geophysical field exploration techniques in geothermal and mineralized terrains, and training in mapping of different mineral deposit styles in mineralized areas. Programme Contact Person: Mr Nathan Mosusu, Manager Geophysical Mapping Branch, Geological Survey Division Mineral Resources Authority P. O. Box 1906 PORT MORESBY 121 NCD, PNG Phone: (675) /Fax: (675) nmosusu@mra.gov.pg 3. GROUNDWATER PROGRAMME 3.1. Summary Community water supplies were investigated through groundwater studies in Kimbe Town. A project for drilling on Daru Island was undertaken where Geological Survey was contracted by PNG Sustainable Development Programme to oversee their groundwater and geotechnical drilling programs in Daru town and possibly additional areas within the Western Province Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities PNG Water Board was assisted with a TOR for Kimbe drilling. Progress is currently awaiting drillers to arrive at Kimbe for a ground water project and a project for rehabilitation of the Popondetta groundwater borehole. The drilling program in Daru Township is an ongoing activity from June Other water projects were at Kudjip, Kerema and Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 200 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

204 Kundiawa and developing a plan with PNG Waterboard for the Wau - Bulolo ground water and study of the Vanimo to Angoram project. Finchhafen groundwater borehole pump testing is scheduled for late Proposed Future Activities Seek out contracts for future community based groundwater projects and assist local and provincial government requests for developing stable and clean water supplies. The ongoing purchase of down hole borehole logging tools include a camera, SP, resistivity, gamma, temperature, fluid resistivity, caliper and associated accessories is planned for late Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities CCOP may assist in designing an appropriate groundwater database for the country based on modern ideas of what such a database should contain. Currently there is no operating database in PNG, but a database has been supplied by BGS and is under review Assistance Offered to CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities Little can be done from PNG as at the moment there are only 2 staff members. Programme Contact Person: Mr. SimonEgara, Senior Hydrogeologist Geological Survey Division Mineral Resources Authority P. O. Box 1906 PORT MORESBY 121, NCD, PNG Phone: (675) /Fax: (675) segara@mra.gov.pg GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR 4. COASTAL ZONE PROGRAMME In 1999 a CCOP COASTPLAN programme report, titled Geology and Natural Hazards of Lae city and surroundings, Papua New Guinea was produced. It was a joint project undertaken by CCOP TS, The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands Government and the Department of Mineral Resources of Papua New Guinea. Since then no further coastal zone studies have been undertaken. Programme Contact Person: Raymond Yamai, Assistant Director Chris Mckee, Acting Director, Engineering Geology Branch Geohazards Management Division Geohazards Management Division DMPGM DMPGM Private Mail Bag Private Mail Bag PORT MORESBY, NCD PORT MORESBY, NCD Papua New Guinea Phone: (675) , Fax: (675) raymond_yamai@mineral.gov.pg chris_mckee@mineral.gov.pg Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 201 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

205 5. GEO-HAZARDS PROGRAMME 5.1. Summary The Department of Mineral Policy and Geohazards Management (DMPGM) is new and emanated from the former Department of Mining and is responsible for (1) formulating policies related to mining/exploration and (2) monitoring of geohazard activities in PNG and the region. The latter responsibility of DMPGM will be discussed further here. Within DMPGM a Division called Geohazards Management was created and its role is to monitor and assess geological hazards, like earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes, landslides and mass erosion events, in PNG and the region. The Division provides advice on the mitigation measures to relevant authorities and communities and where possible it provides early warnings of the effects of these hazards. Through applied research the Division aims to improve the capabilities to monitor, assess and where possible predict geological hazards in PNG. The Division comprises three Branches; the Rabaul Volcanological Observatory, Port Moresby Geophysical Observatory and the Engineering Geology Branch and they are responsible for the monitoring of volcanoes, earthquakes,/tsunamis and landslides/mass erosion in PNG respectively Volcanic Hazards Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Routine monitoring of monitored volcanoes is ongoing. The Australian Government through its Aid Agency (AusAID) extended the Twinning Programme at the Rabaul Volcanological Observatory when the first phase concluded in AusAID also funded the Strengthening Natural Hazards Risk Assessment Capacity in PNG where the East New Britain Province was selected as the pilot province. The project started in late 2010 and is ongoing. Arrangements with CTBTO to establish an additional auxiliary seismic station AS76 and an infrasound IS40 at Kerevat PNG were almost concluded. Volcanic Activities The monitored volcanoes of Papua New Guinea were generally quiet in 2010, with the exception of the Tavurvur and Ulawun volcanoes. Manam volcano remained generally quiet throughout Ulawun changed its quiet status of activity with the commencement and continuation of high frequency volcan-tectonic earthquakes from about July 2010 onwards and Manam showed some signs of renewed activity from occasional night glows from the two summit craters during the last few months of the year. Bagana, considered as the most active volcano in Papua New Guinea due to its subcontinuous effusive activity, continued to erupt in 2010 and continued in The effusive emissions of lava from the summit crater rolled down the western flanks of the volcano but the volume of lava was insignificant and didn t cause any alarm. Tavurvur, one of the two volcanoes that erupted at Rabaul in September 1994, remained quiet in 2011 with low level of intermittent emission of ash. Monitoring Activities RVO persevered to maintain its monitoring equipment at Rabaul and the selected high-risk volcanoes including Ulawun, Manam, Lamington and Pago. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 202 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

206 The seismic monitoring network at Rabaul was maintained at a reasonable level. A couple of stations which had been off were restored in The tide gauge network consisting of three stations was partially restored after a long period of inactivity. An upgrade of the real-time Global Positioning System (GPS) of four stations for deformation measurements began during the last quarter of the 2010 By the end of the year three of the stations were restored but two continued to have problems. The work continued in The monitoring stations at Ulawun, Pago, Garbuna, Manam and Lamington, consisting of single seismic stations operated below satisfactory levels, mainly due to technical problems associated with power problems, lack of parts etc. At some places like Ulawun, local recordings are done on site but data transmission to RVO could not occur due to faults in some of the system components. Despite these shortfalls, daily reporting of volcanic information by the volcano observers, which also included Bagana, using HF voice radios are maintained at a satisfactory level. Two stations in West New Britain have ceased data transmission and work has been undertaken to restore operation. Special Projects/Programs Discussions and the compilation of a document commenced on a proposed new 4-year AusAID-funded Geoscience Australia-RVO Twinning Program following the cessation of the similar existing program in mid RVO participated in a series of consultative review meetings on AusAID s Framework for Australian Assistance to Disaster Management in Papua New Guinea to determine its strengths, weaknesses, impacts and lessons learned, in anticipation for drawing up a new program, the Disaster Risk Management (DRM) Program. The Strengthening Natural Hazards Risk Assessment Capacity Program workshop was held in July 2011, in Kokopo East New Britain Province and coincided with the official launching of The Rabaul Volcano report by the Deputy Secretary of DMPGM. Community/Public Education Community and public education on volcanic and other geological hazards like earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, etc., continued to feature strongly in RVO s 2010 activities. These activities were focused in the Rabaul area with visitors to RVO from a wide range of backgrounds including educational institutions. Posters and leaflets were given to the visitors. Similar activities in communities of the other high-risk volcanoes were restricted by funding Proposed Future Activities Future activities for RVO will be guided by the mandatory responsibilities of the observatory and the overall 5-year strategic plan for the Department of Mineral Policy and Geohazards Management. Some specific, planned activities include the following: Continue to restore and upgrade monitoring equipment at Rabaul and the other highrisk volcanoes. Upgrade data transmission mechanisms from the remote high-risk volcanoes to RVO at Rabaul. The current system uses modem-configured HF radios. Upgrade of this system is year-marked for the next two years; however, there are plans to phase this out with VSAT systems. The outcome of this will depend on funding. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 203 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

207 Improve power supply systems for volcano monitoring at selected high-risk volcanoes including Ulawun and Lamington with the installation of solar farms. Relocation of the Volcano Observatory to a new location and fitted with a state of the art volcano monitoring system Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities RVO receives its core operational funding from its mother department, the Department of Mineral Policy and Geohazards Management, however, it has also benefited immensely though aid funding from the Australian Government through its international aid agency, AusAID, and from UNDP/ SOPAC. With donor funding, RVO was able to achieve the following: Improve the monitoring systems at Rabaul and selected high-risk volcanoes, Upgrade the GPS network Upgrade the modem-configured HF radios for transmission of volcanic data from the remote high-risk volcanoes to RVO. Increase in computer hardware However, there is still more to be done and RVO certainly would welcome any assistance with funding and technical experts of the proposed activities outlined in (5.2.2) from CCOP, Co-operating Agencies/Countries and Member Countries Assistance Offered to CCOP in Support of Future Activities No assistance was provided to CCOP during the reporting period Other Comments The main issues that affect the work of RVO are lack of timely and sustained funding and properly skilled personnel for some of its key sections. For example, restoration of some of the monitoring equipment at other high-risk volcanoes dragged on due to lack of qualified technical staff in the Electronics Section. Programme Contact Person: Ima Itikarai, Assistant Director Chris Mckee, Acting Director, Volcanological Observatory Branch Geohazards Management Division Geohazards Management Division DMPGM DMPGM Private Mail Bag P.O. Box 386, RABAUL, ENBP PORT MORESBY, NCD Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Ph: (675) /Fax: (675) Ph: , Fax: (675) hguria@global.net.pg chris_mckee@mineral.gov.pg 5.3. Earthquake/Tsunami Hazards Annual review of Individual Technical Activities A magnitude 7 earthquake Island occurred in the neighboring Indonesian Province of Papua, Biak, on January 3rd Within the PNG region 16 earthquakes of magnitudes 6 and 221 of magnitude 5 occurred in the period January 2008 to 09 August A total of 1595 earthquakes of magnitude 3.4 occurred during the period. From these earthquakes no tsunamis were generated. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 204 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

208 Apart from the routine monitoring of seismic activity, work on the EU funded (EDF9) replacement of the seismic network is continuing with the formulation of tender documents, spearheaded by Geoscience Australia. The project commenced in January 2008 with a deadline of four years to December Proposed Future Activities Seek counterpart funding from PNG Government to compliment the proposed Seismic Network referred to above and to rehabilitate the PMGO Office and Seismic Station set up in Port Moresby. Submission for these requests is in train at the time of reporting Assistance Required from CCOP of Future Activities Funding is and will be a major constraint, therefore additional funding is required for operational expenses in training of staff with the relevant software and hardware, applications and tools, and as well as the maintenance of network components and facilities Assistance Offered to CCOP in Support of Future Activities Annual membership fees/contributions. Other Comments PNG has been a long-time member of CCOP and would encourage continuing collaboration in projects that would be of benefit to PNG and the region. To meet the departmental vision , a state-of-the-art communication system is to be deployed both for data transmission to PMGO from seismic stations and for information dissemination. The system has to be compatible with the seismic network hardware and software to be procured and deployed nation-wide in the next two years. For this, initial costs are to be sought from potential donors. There will be counterpart funding sourced as well. Programme Contact Person Mathew Moihoi Chris Mckee Assistant Director, DMPGM Acting Director, DMPGM POM Geophysical Observatory Branch Geohazards Management Division Geohazards Management Division Private Mail Bag Private Mail Bag, PORT MORESBY NCD PORT MORESBY, NCD Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Ph: (675) /Fax: (675) Phone: (675) / pmgo@daltroncom.pg Fax: (675) john_arumba@mineral.gov.pg 5.4. Landslide Hazards Annual review of Individual Technical Activities No activities were completed and no new ones were started during the reporting period. The annual review covers only the ongoing activities undertaken for the period by the Engineering Geology Branch. The Engineering Geology Branch commenced operation in the beginning of 2009 and strategic mapping and assessment of landslide affected areas has become a priority task of the branch as, early in the year, a big portion of the main Highlands Highway linking the coast to the inland areas failed due to unusually high rainfall. The landslide was mapped and assessed and a report was produced for relevant government agencies to take corrective measures. Since then normalcy has been restored on the highway. Library search on all previously reported landslides is ongoing. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 205 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

209 Presently there is no database or a landslide map covering all of PNG on any scale therefore the branch aims to create a landslide database and produce a landside hazard map at the smaller scale (1:250,000). A Terms of Reference has been developed for a technical assistance project through the UNDP/SOPAC to the Geohazards Management Division. It is envisaged that technical capacity within the branch would be boosted with hands-on field exposure in pilot areas to be mapped on the most vulnerable sections of the Highlands Highway. Ensuring sustainability of this one-off assistance to our major activity and professional help will be important to achieve the Department s vision. The World Bank has also come on board to assist with re-equipping the engineering geology soils laboratory. Funding for this exercise was initially promised to be made available in September 2011 but due to reasons known only to the funding agency it will be made available in March 2012, under the World Bank Transport Project. Risk assessment of landslides will be done after the landslide hazard map is produced. It will also be limited to areas where actual investment or infrastructural development is taking place Proposed Future Activities Besides carrying out landslides investigations the branch is also embarking on the following activities: Construct a user friendly data base for landslides. Currently there is none. Carryout landslides mapping by using remote sensing methods. Purchase new equipment for the laboratory for rock and soil tests. Develop landslide hazard maps at 1: scale. Carry out studies on the Engineering Geology of towns in PNG Assistance Required from CCOP of Future Activities Assistance from CCOP TS will be required in the areas of; 1. Creation of a Landslide Data Base and provision of technical expertise 2. Provide training in Remote Sensing and to acquire satellite imagery interpretation software and hardware to aid in landslide mapping. Other Comments Any assistance in the areas mentioned above will be highly appreciated. Programme Contact Person: Raymond Yamai Chris Mckee Assistant Director, DMPGM Acting Director, Engineering Geology Branch Geohazards Management Division Geohazards Management Division DMPGM DMPGM Private Mail Bag Private Mail Bag, PORT MORESBY, NCD PORT MORESBY, NCD Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Ph: (675) Phone: (675) / Fax: (675) Fax: (675) raymond_yamai@mineral.gov.pg chris_mckee@mineral.gov.pg Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 206 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

210 6. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY PROGRAMME 6.1. Summary The only activity in this section was a radiometric survey of part of Sudest Island in the far southeast of PNG Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities A study of possible radioactive sources on Sudest Island, Milne Bay Province proved no significant sources of high radioactivity in the areas indicated by locals in the area (TN2/2011). Programme Contact Person: Mr Nathan Mosusu, Manager Geophysical Mapping Branch, Geological Survey Division Mineral Resources Authority P. O. Box 1906 PORT MORESBY 121 NCD, Papua New Guinea Phone: (675) /Fax: (675) nmosusu@mra.gov.pg GEO-INFORMATION SECTOR 7. GEO-DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME 7.1. Summary The Mineral Resources Authority (MRA) through its Geological Survey Division is the manager of all mineral resources and geological information in Papua New Guinea. It is the custodian of all exploration, scientific, technical and other earth sciences publications on Papua New Guinea Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities GMRIS (Geological and Mineral Resource Information Systems) installed under the last EU SYSMIN project is not sustainable. The system collapsed due to lack of technical training to managers of the system Proposed Future Activities A significant project being developed under the current World Bank Technical Assistance2 (WBTA2) is the digitization of geochemistry point and drill holes from open exploration reports in the Geological Survey archives. The project will also include the conversions of hard copy reports into electronic formats. Consultations are underway with an Australian company, Terra Search, on this project. A proposed proposal for training is in place for resource modeling using existing geological and mineral resource data from the Geological Survey. Initial discussions have been made with potential trainers from Australia. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 207 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

211 7.4. Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities Assistance to revamp the defunct GMRIS is appreciated and link with an online tenure management system under investigation by MRA. This would include staff training and reassessment of the technical phase of the system. Recent quotes for the revamp of GMRIS are very expensive and need to be reviewed relative to the future direction of MRA. Capacity building and up-skilling staff in remote sensing. Acquisition of high resolution satellite images covering the entire country or around the mining lease and impacted areas to monitor ongoing mining operations. Programme Contact Person: Arnold Lakamanga Chris Mckee Manager Information & Marketing Acting Director, DMPGM Mineral Resources Authority Geohazards Management Division P. O. Box 1906 Private Mail Bag PORT MORESBY, NCD PORT MORESBY, NCD Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Phone: (675) Phone: (675) , Fax: (675) Fax: (675) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 208 CCOP Technical Secretariat \

212 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia Member Country Report of THE PHILIPPINES Submitted by Delegation of the Philippines (For Agenda Item 3) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 209 CCOP Technical Secretariat

213 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 24 th Floor, Suite , Thai CC Tower, 889 Sathorn Tai Road, Sathorn, Bangkok 10120, Thailand Tel: (66) , Fax: (66) , Website: ANNUAL MEMBER COUNTRY REPORT Country: PHILIPPINES Period: 01 July June 2012 GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR 1. MINERAL PROGRAMME 1.1. Summary At present, there are thirty three (33) operating metallic mines in the Philippines. These mines have contributed US$ Billion in investments to the economy since The primary mineral commodities remain gold, copper and nickel. Since 2004, the revitalization of the minerals industry has generated approximately US$4.453 Billion in total investments. Total mining investments were US$ 968.3M in 2010 and US$ 618.5M in Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities 1.2.a. On-going Activities 1.2.a.1. Resource assessment Based on the Memorandum of Understanding signed on November 29, 2007 by the China Geological Survey (CGS) and the Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) and a subsequent Project Annex No.1 for Nickel and Copper Mineral Potential Assessment in Central and Southern Philippines, geologists and other personnel of both institutions undertook stream sediment sampling in July The field areas were in Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur and Agusan del Norte. Laboratory chemical analyses for the elements cobalt, chromium, nickel, copper, lead, vanadium, zinc, silver, gold, arsenic and antimony were undertaken in the Nanjing Geological Survey Center of the CGS samples were collected from an area of around 2,000 sq. kms. The study delineated five (5) areas with various geochemical anomalies. Soils samples were taken from two of the five areas with geochemical anomalies in December A total of 130 samples were gathered from the Malimono and Santiago areas. Another Agreement on Geological and Mineral Investigation Cooperation between the CGS and the MGB was signed on July 28, 2010 and a draft Project Annex for the Copper, Chromite, Iron, Nickel and Other Metallic Mineral Potential Investigation and Assessment in the Philippines was about to be signed towards the end of The finalization of the envisioned new Project has been suspended informally. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 210 CCOP Technical Secretariat

214 The Philippines participated in the CCOP seminar on Geochemical Mapping held at the International Conference Hotel in Nanjing, China from March 28-29, 2012 through the attendance of Ms. Vheina Marie P. Quintana, Senior Science Research Specialist and concurrently Officer-in-Charge of the Geosciences Division of the Mines and Geosciences Bureau Regional Office No. IX in the Southern Philippines. 1.2.a.2. Promotional Activities for the Mining Industry The annual Mining Philippines Conference and Exhibitions for 2010 and 2011 were held in September of both years at the Hotel Sofitel, Pasay City. One purpose of the Conference and Exhibition is to promote the Philippine minerals industry. The Conferences showcased the successes and the contributions of mining ventures to the country s economy. The MGB- Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) and the Chamber of Mines of the Philippines lead the discussions about the future of the mineral industry as a major driver for national progress. To further promote the Philippine minerals industry to prospective investors, the Philippines participated in the Asia Mining Congress that was conducted in Singapore in April a.3. Assessment and Rehabilitation of Abandoned/ Inactive/Closed Mines Project List of activities during the period: Geo-environmental risk assessment of five (5) abandoned/inactive/closed mines and the preparation of an Environmental Management Plan for each were initiated and are continuing. The five mines are: 1. Antamok Mine Antamok, Benguet Gold 2. Black Mountain Mine Tuba, Benguet Gold 3. Dizon Mine San Marcelino, Zambales Copper, Silver 4. Consolidated Mine, Inc. Mogpog, Marinduque Copper 5. Basay Mine Basay, Negros Oriental Copper For the former copper and pyrite mine site, the Bagacay Mine in Hinabangan, Western Samar, the following activities have been undertaken: 1. The 50 hectares of land within the periphery of the former mining area that was zoned into three blocks have already been revegetated/ reforested with the following native species Mountain Agoho, Ptericarpus Indicus, Acacia Auri and Acacia Mangium. This was done in coordination with the DENR Regional Office No. VIII. 2. Research on Phytoremediation continues. The research has established the diversity of species that could survive in the acidic soil. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 211 CCOP Technical Secretariat

215 3. An engineering mitigating measure is the construction of a diversion channel/pipeline so that the water of the Guila Guila Creek upstream of the mining area would be diverted from flowing into the mine area. This is to minimize the generation of acidic mine drainage and thus prevent further contamination of the Taft River that is downstream from the mining area. The measure will also bring spring water to Barangay Bagacay. 1.5kms. of the 5 km channel/pipeline and two water reservoirs have been completed. 4. A second engineering mitigating measure was the construction of a limestone rock dam at the creek beside the copper shipping-grade extraction area. This is to neutralize the acidity of the water flowing through the area. 2. ENERGY PROGRAMME 2.1 Summary The Department of Energy (DOE) continued its goal of attaining energy self sufficiency thru the search for indigenous oil, gas, coal and geothermal resources. The conduct of the Philippine Energy Contracting Round (PECR) for petroleum and coal were successfully concluded for the calendar year 2011 to For petroleum, fifteen (15) areas were offered to potential investors. For coal, 38 prospective areas were offered for bidding. Oil production from July 2011 to June 2012 has reached 1.6 million barrels (MMB), posting a decrease of some 900,000 barrels compared to the period from July 2010 to June 2011 output. Main production came from the Galoc Oil Field that has now produced a total of 1.44 million barrels for On natural gas production, Malampaya gas field produced 142 billion standard cubic feet (BSCF) of gas. This reflects a 2.7 percent decrease in gas production from the previous level of 142 BSCF. Malampaya also produced a total of 5.0 million barrels of condensate for the period in review. The DOE estimated the country s total coal resource potential at about 2.37 billion MT, of which the estimated proven (in-situ) and mineable reserves stood at approximately million MT (MMT) and MMT as of December Annual Review of Technical Activities 2.2.a. Philippine Energy Contracting Round The Philippine Energy Contracting Round (PECR) provides an opportunity for investment though public contracting rounds for awarding petroleum service contracts and coal operating contracts. It is the desire of the Department of Energy (DOE) to adopt the most effective strategy for promoting and attracting local and foreign investment to accelerate the exploration, development and production of the country s indigenous resources. The contracting round is consistent with national interest and policy for energy strategy and security. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 212 CCOP Technical Secretariat

216 The PECR 4 for petroleum was launched last 30 June 2011 with 15 areas offered. Four investment road shows in Singapore, Australia, Italy and the USA were also conducted by the DOE to attract potential investors. The PECR for Coal was launched on 01 December 2011 offering 38 coal areas. Of the 38 coal areas offered, 9 are located in Luzon, 3 in Visayas and 26 in Mindanao. 2.2.b. Production Oil production from July 2011 to June 2012 has reached 1.6 million barrels (MMB), posting a decrease of some 900,000 barrels compared to the period from July 2010 to June 2011 output. Galoc Oil Field has now produced a total of 1.44 million barrels for Malampaya gas field produced 142 billion standard cubic feet (BSCF) of gas and 5.0 million barrels of condensate for the period in review. Coal production reached about 7.54 million MT for the period 01 July 1011 to 30 June 2012 or a decrease of 3.52% from about 7.82 million MT for the previous period. 2.2.c. Power Generation For the review period, the total electricity generated by the country s geothermal plant was 10, gigawatt-hour of electricity compared to 10, gigawatt-hour of electricity generated from July 2009 to June 2010 period. 3. GROUNDWATER PROGRAMME 3.1. Summary The Groundwater Resource Assessment Programme is a regular on-going activity in support of the government s thrust to provide a safe and dependable water supply source in the entire country. Hydrogeological, groundwater quality and georesistivity surveys were conducted in specific areas (barangay/municipality) to assess and delineate potential groundwater supply sources. For the period July 2010 to June 2012, the Central Office and 15 Regional Offices conducted groundwater resource assessment in 27 municipalities and 5 provinces nationwide. 3.2 Annual Review of Technical Activities 3.2.a. Groundwater Resources Assessment and Vulnerability Mapping Project This is one of the major programs of the Mines and Geosciences Bureau. It aims to generate critical information and a data base on the groundwater resources availability and vulnerability in the various regions and areas of the country and make the basic information available to authorities responsible for water resources management and development, physical framework and land use planning, land use classification and allocation, and regional as well as local developmental project development. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 213 CCOP Technical Secretariat

217 The field survey included the conduct of a well and spring inventory as main sources of potable water supply; water level measurements; ground truthing/mapping; water quality measurements for ph, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, temperature, salinity and total dissolved solids; groundwater sampling for analysis of major, minor and trace ions; and georesistivity survey. 3.2.b. IWAVE Project Under the International Atomic Energy Agency Water Availability Enhancement (IWAVE) Project, the Philippines was selected as one case study country. The IWAVE Project in the Philippines is being implemented in cooperation with the National Water Resources Board (NWRB) and Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (PNRI). The objective is to formulate a detailed plan for addressing the gaps in maintaining hydrological data and information to strengthen the country s capability for conducting comprehensive water resources assessment. One of the main outputs of the project is the preparation of a national document entitled Water as a Critical Infrastructure Subsector of the Philippine Development Plan Investing in Resource Assessment Capability for Planning and Management of Water Infrastructure. 4. COASTAL ZONE PROGRAMME 4.1. Summary GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR The MGB, through its Marine Geological Survey Division, covered 210 municipalities within 15 provinces under the Coastal Geohazard Assessment and Mapping Project during the 2 year period covered by this report Annual Review of Technical Activities 4.2.a. Coastal Geohazard Assessment Of Sea Level Rise Due To Climate Change Field surveys consisting of coastal geohazard assessment and shoreline mapping using GPS/differential GPS were carried out along the coasts of the following areas: Biliran Northern Leyte Antique Aklan Iloilo Northern Cagayan La Union Negros Oriental Northern Samar Cebu Bataan Zambales Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 214 CCOP Technical Secretariat

218 Misamis Oriental Misamis Occidental Lanao del Norte 4.3. Proposed Activities and Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities This aims to come up with a comparatively more comprehensive implementation of the projects under the coastal zone program, aside from the current activities relating to the mapping and assessment of coastal areas critically susceptible to geohazards. Initiatives will further focus on the study of sea level rise resulting from global warming and extreme weather conditions as effects of climate change. 5. GEOHAZARDS PROGRAMME 5.1. Summary The DENR-MGB has been implementing its National Geohazards Assessment and Mapping Program since 2005 with the primary objective to identify areas in the country that are susceptible or prone to various geologic hazards and provide the vital information to various stakeholders in order to lessen or mitigate the impacts of these events. The MGB focused its effort on landslides and flooding. The National Geohazard Assessment and Mapping Program is a component of the Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Program of the Government. DENR-MGB is currently finalizing the GIS-based geohazard maps to facilitate the dissemination of information through the MGB Website. 5.2 Annual Review of Technical Programmes/Activities 5.2.a. Program of the Mines and Geosciences Bureau By 2010 the DENR-MGB had completed the assessment and mapping of cities and municipalities totaling around 1,634 nationwide at a scale of 1:50,000. MGB personnel have issued advisories to officials of barangays (villages) that are in critical areas relative to landslides and flooding. The completion of the 1:50,000 scale assessment and mapping is being complemented by the production of the GIS-based geohazard maps wherein around 80% of the maps have already been completed. DENR-MGB conducted around 20 province-wide information and dissemination seminars and workshops and provided about 65,000 geohazard maps to LGUs and other stakeholders and national and local disaster management and planning agencies. Municipal and Barangay-level information dissemination and disaster awareness and preparedness campaigns were also conducted as well as technical assistance for proposed relocation sites of natural disaster-affected areas. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 215 CCOP Technical Secretariat

219 Considering the possible adverse impact of the La Nina weather phenomena of heavy precipitation during the rainy season and extreme weather conditions over much of the country, particularly the eastern seaboard, MGB provided all local government units (LGUs) with a list of possible areas (province/municipalities/barangays) that could be seriously affected by various hazards, both natural and man-induced, arising from abnormal climatic events. The local government officials were likewise advised of the most appropriate measures to take in the event their areas are affected. DENR-MGB started in 2011 its multi-year program (targeted to be completed end of 2014) on the detailed mapping at a scale of 1:10,000 for areas identified to be prone to landslide and flooding hazards (particularly those that are frequented by intense rainfall and typhoons). These geohazard areas were either classified as highly hazardous, moderately hazardous or slightly hazardous areas in order to come up with a susceptibility map. Old and active landslides, flood prone areas, geologic structures and lithologies were identified and plotted on the map. Landslide susceptibility parameters include slope gradient, weathering soil characteristics, rock mass strength and human effects. Landslide modelling using a Geographic Information System will be made employing bivariate statistical methods published by ITC-UNESCO in the 1991 Geographic Information System for Slope Instability Zonation (GISSIZ). For flood hazard mapping, reconstruction of flood histories in the study areas was undertaken through interviews and review of any documentation available. Results of the assessments were provided to the local chief executives with appropriate threat advisory. The advisory informs them of the areas susceptibility to flooding and contains corresponding recommendations. Areas critical for geohazards in around 260 cities and municipalities were assessed. 5.2.b. Hazards Mapping and Assessment for Effective Community-Based Disaster Risk Mitigation (READY) Project Under the framework of the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council s Collective Strengthening for Community Awareness on Natural Disasters (or CSCAND) Working Group, the Mines and Geosciences Bureau has been actively collaborating with other hazards mapping agencies such as the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS), Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical and Services Administration (PAGASA), National Mapping and Resource Information Authority (NAMRIA) and the Office of Civil Defense in the conduct of disaster risk management activities such as the Hazards Mapping and Assessment for Effective Community-based Disaster Risk Management (or READY Project) and Enhancing Risk Analysis Capacities for Flood, Tropical Cyclone, Severe Wind and Earthquake for Greater Metro Manila (Risk Analysis Project). Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 216 CCOP Technical Secretariat

220 With the support of the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the READY Project, which is now in its final year, is now undertaking the completion of multi hazards mapping of at least seven (7) prioritized provinces out of the 27 targeted by this 5-year project. This is being complemented by the conduct of Rapid Earthquake Damage Assessment (REDAS) for selected local government units. The CSCAND Working Group, is now implementing the Risk Analysis Project with Geoscience Australia as its partner and AusAID as a supporting organization. Major activities include the acquisition of LIDAR images for the Marikina-Pasig River Basin area, development of an exposure risk database and modeling for floods, earthquakes and severe wind. Results of the study will be integrated into the development of a disaster management plan for the concerned local government units. GEO-INFORMATION SECTOR 7. GEODATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME 7.1. Summary The program is called Geological Database Information System (GDIS). The application has limitations or implementation constraints which would not be an impediment towards the attainment of its objectives. The main objective of the GDIS is to allow users to view available information such as geohazard maps, geological maps, mineral resources, and the Geological Bibliographic System. Through the web, would be able to: Search and view the 1:50,000 scale Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Maps of the Philippines Search and view the 1:50,000 scale Geologic Maps of the Philippines Search and view the MGB Geohazards Assessment at barangay level Search and view the inventory of metallic and non-metallic resources of the Philippines Search and view the database of geological references consisting of internal reports, journal articles, theses, and articles from different conference proceedings 7.2. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities The posting in the MGB website of the Geohazard Maps produced by the Lands Geological Survey Division of the MGB is a continuous process. Geohazard maps are posted as soon as they are produced. This is an initial effort intended to ultimately lead to an interactive web mapping services. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 217 CCOP Technical Secretariat

221 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia Member Country Report of THAILAND Submitted by Thailand Delegation (For Agenda Item 3) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 218 CCOP Technical Secretariat

222 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) , Fax: +66 (0) , Website: ANNUAL MEMBER COUNTRY REPORT Country: THAILAND Period: 1 July June MINERAL PROGRAMME GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR The Royal Thai Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) has a role in preservation, conservation and rehabilitation of natural resources and the environment in Thailand. The DMR is also responsible for supervising mineral exploration and production. For fiscal year Summary During the reporting period (fiscal year 2011), the DMR has carried out two technical projects which are the Exploration and Assessment for Mineral Resources and Mineral Exploration and Assessment for Mineral Zoning 1.2. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Exploration and Assessment for Mineral Resources Regional mineral exploration and assessment Detailed mineral exploration and assessment The regional mineral exploration and assessment project aims to /build a database and assess mineral resource potential areas. The project working areas are in the north eastern part of Thailand (2/2554 Loei province) and the the northern part of Thailand (1/2554 Nakhon Sawan and Kampangpet provinces) (Figure 1). It was implemented by subcontracting private exploration companies under the supervision of the DMR. Detailed mineral exploration and assessment is carried out by the Bureau of Mineral Resources (BMR), DMR. The objective is to assess mineral deposit areas and mineral reserves. The project working areas are: 1) Kampangpet province (fluorite); 2) Kanchanaburi and Petchaburi province (Tin) and 3) Lampang and Chiang Rai provinces (kaolinite) (Figure 1) Mineral Exploration and Assessment for Mineral Zoning This project was managed by the BMR with Chulalongkorn University to perform Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA). The objectives of this project are mineral zoning, mineral reserves and mineral resources management. The project working area is Ban Kreang Kawiya, Tipuye village, Tong Pha Phum district, Kanchanaburi province (Figure 1). The exploration target is a Pb-Zn deposit covering 0.24 square kilometers and the mineral reserves are 125,848 metric ton. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 219 CCOP Technical Secretariat

223 Figure 1. The project working areas in fiscal year 2011 (Nakhon Sawan, Kampangpet, Loei, Lampang, Chiang Rai, Petchaburi and Kanchanaburi provinces) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 220 CCOP Technical Secretariat

224 For fiscal year Summary During the reporting period (fiscal year 2012), DMR has carried out two technical projects which are the Exploration and Assessment for Mineral Resources and Mineral Exploration and Assessment for Mineral Zoning 1.2 Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Exploration and Assessment for Mineral Resources The Exploration and Assessment for Mineral Resources Project can be divided into two sub-projects including the regional mineral exploration and assessment ( Ngao and Danchang areas) and the detailed mineral exploration and assessment (Tin and Rare-earth elements) Regional mineral exploration and assessment The regional mineral exploration and assessment project aims to /build a database and assess mineral resource potential areas. The project working areas are Ngao and Danchang areas. Ngao area covers 3,600 square kilometers in the northern part of Thailand. It is covering parts of Lampang, Payao, Phare and Nan provinces (Figure 1). The obtained result is recognition identification five mineral potential areas, including POT-1 (Pb-Zn-Cu), POT-2 (Sb-Cu), POT-3 (Sb), POT-4 (Ba), and POT-5 (Sb-Ba) (Figure 2). Danchang area covers parts of Supanburi, Kanchanaburi and Uthaitani provinces. The result is two mineral potential areas of Tin, Tungsten and heavy minerals (Figure 3) Detailed mineral exploration and assessment The detailed mineral exploration and assessment objective is to assess a high mineral potential area for defining a mineralization zone (or ore body) and estimating mineral resources/reserves. The project emphasis is on tin and rare-earth elements (REE). The working areas are: 1) Ratchaburi provinces (Tin), and 2) Kanchanaburi province (REE). Ratchaburi provinces is located in the western part of Thailand, comprising Takopittong subareas in Suan Phueng district, Ratchaburi province covering 1.55 square kilometers (Figure 4), which it is expected to find in primary and secondary Tin deposits. The estimated mineral resources (333) are respectively of about 11,600 metric ton. Kanchanaburi province comprising Ban Phu Muang and Huai Haeng subareas (Figure 5), in which it is expected to find REE residually accumulated as ion-adsorption dominated type within the weathered granitic crusts. The total REE ( REE) contents in the areas range from 17 to 1,064 ppm, dominantly Ce, La, Nd and Y. The LREE/HREE ratio is approximately 80:20 in for both areas. The estimated mineral resources (333) are respectively about 6,200 and 18,400 metric tons of REE metal, with average grades ranging from 190 to 316 ppm of REE content. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 221 CCOP Technical Secretariat

225 NG-1 Figure 1. Regional exploration area Ngao (Lampang, Payao, Phare and Nan Province) and the selective area NG-1 for defining mineral potential areas. Mineral potential area National park area Wild life conservation area Figure 2. Defined mineral potential areas within the selective area NG-1 Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 222 CCOP Technical Secretariat

226 Mineral potential area Selective area National park area Wild life conservation area Figure 3. The regional exploration area (Danchang Area) and the selective area for defining mineral potential areas Mineral Exploration and Assessment for Mineral Zoning The project area is located in western and southern parts of Long District, Phrae Province, covering 149 square kilometer, with mountainous volcanic and sedimentary rock terrain. The objectives of the projects comprise gold exploration and evaluation, zoning of gold deposits, geology of gold deposits, and guidance of gold administration and management in the zoning area. There are two types of gold deposits found in the project area, primary and secondary gold deposits. The secondary gold deposit is visible and accumulated in recent sediments of streams and top soil. The panning survey totaling 68 samples of 187 samples showed various amounts of secondary gold, of which was a guide to the primary gold deposit sources. The primary gold deposit is invisible and associated with epithermal quartz veins and silicified rhyolite. Totally 355 rock samples had been collected for geochemical analysis. The analysis result indicated some significant of primary gold bearing rocks with Au content varying from 5 ppb up to 210,000 ppb. Integration of all information from the exploration revealed 8 areas of gold deposit which can be zoned with a total indicated gold resource approximately 14 tons (United Nation Framework Classification (UNFC) code 232). The output of the project has been presented to the local residents and the provincial officers in order to discuss and hear some public opinion. The guidance of gold administration and management in the zoning area has been summarized and proposed within four different aspects, namely, conservation, environmental, social and academic aspects. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 223 CCOP Technical Secretariat

227 Figure 4. The detailed tin exploration areas of Tokopittong in Rachaburi Province and mineral deposit areas. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 224 CCOP Technical Secretariat

228 Kanchanaburi Myanmar Myanmar Ratchaburi Huai Haeng Huai Haeng Ban Phu Muang Ban Phu Ban Phu Huai Haeng Pitting site Mineral deposit area Pitting site Mineral deposit area Figure 5. Detailed REE exploration areas of Ban Phu Muang and Huai Haeng in Kanchanaburi Province and defined REE mineral deposit areas. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 225 CCOP Technical Secretariat

229 1.2.3 Mineral Zoning and Geological Resources Management Project Background: Mineral resources development involves several stakeholders in society. Systematic management of mineral resources is needed in terms of effectiveness and fairness. For this, participation is needed from relevant stakeholders. This project was set up in 2006 to propose the management measures in each individual province for effective planning and management of its geological resources. Initially, DMR compiles various data and information; maps at 1:50,000 scale of the geology, mineral potential and mining license areas, natural parks, forests, wildlife reserves, other restricted areas and land-use conditions, conservation geological sites and national and local economic situations are included. The next step is to define the areas for potential development, considering the land-use conditions and relevant laws and regulations. At this stage, the areas for mineral utilization have been divided into three groups namely, (1) Preserved areas (e.g., national parks, forest parks, wildlife sanctuaries, area of no animal-hunting, ramsar site, natural conservation site, fossil site, archaeological site and mangrove preserved zones): mineral resources in these areas will be preserved and are the last-priority for utilization (2) Conserved areas (e.g., reformed land for agriculture, watershed areas class one, environmental protectorate area, forest zones restricted by laws (regulations and cabinet resolutions), mineral research survey areas designated by Mineral Act B.E. 1967, (Section 6 bi): mineral resources are planned to be used in the near future, or at present with certain conditions, (3) Development areas (e.g., economic forest zones, industrial rock zones, mining license areas and mineral development areas designated by Mineral Act B.E. 1967, (Section 6 quad): mineral resources in these areas have no law, regulation or public restrictions for development. Prioritization of the development areas of each mineral commodity is considered by economic, social and environmental factors. All the mineral zones in these three areas are also graded by their values. Measures and recommendations for effective mineral planning and management are then proposed in the preliminary report of each province. Finally, these reports will be sent to the relevant stakeholders for comments. Consultation meetings will be organized in every province prior to submission of a final report to the cabinet for approval. Executives and technical people as representatives of relevant agencies such as DMR, Department of Primary Industries and Mines, Office of Natural Resources Policy and Planning, Provincial Offices and Local Administrative Offices will be invited to join the consultation meetings. After six years ( ), the project was carried out in 51 provinces covering: Northern region; Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Lampang, Lamphun, Mae Hong Son, Nan, Phayao, Phrae, Uttaradit, Phetchabun and Phitsanulok. Central region; Nakhon Sawan, Saraburi, Lopburi, Phichit, Sukhothai and Uthaithani. Eastern region; Prachinburi, Rayong,Chachoengsao, Chon Buri, Chanthaburi, Sa Kaeo and Trat. Western region; Kanchanaburi, Tak, Prachaub Kiri Khan, Phetchaburi and Rachaburi and Ranong. Southern region; Chumphon, Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Phattalung and Trang. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 226 CCOP Technical Secretariat

230 Northeastern region; Loei, Kanlasin, Udonthani, Nong Khai, Nongbua Lampu, Khonkhean, Mahasalakham, Chaiyabhum, Nakhon Ratchasima, Burirum, Surin, Roi-Ed, Sri Saket, Ubon-Ratchathani, Amnajaroen and Yasothon. Activities Completed during this year: This year, the work was carried out in four selected provinces, three provinces in the northern part of the northeastern region namely Nakhon Phanom, Sakhon Nakhon, Mukdahan and one province in the northern region namely Kamphaengphet. 1.3 Proposed Future Activities. The Mineral Exploration Program outside Legally protected Areas will also be involved in similar work in different areas next year and the Mineral zoning and geological Resources Management program will continue next year in a number of selected provinces. Programme Contact Person: 1. Mr. Wudhikarn Sukserm Senior Geologist, Mineral Resource and Standard Division Bureau of Mineral resources Department of Mineral Resources Rama VI Road, Bangkok, THAILAND Tel: (66) , Fax: (66) Mr. Rath Jitrattana Acting-Director of Spatial Planning Division Bureau of Geological Resources Policy and Planning Department of Mineral Resources Rama VI Road, Bangkok, THAILAND Tel: (66) , Fax: (66) pracha@dmr.go.th 2. ENERGY PROGRAMME For fiscal year Summary Exploration activities included seismic surveys (2D and 3D) together with drilling of wells both onshore and offshore. Petroleum production and imports are similar to last year. Petroleum exploration activities began to shift from seismic exploration to exploration drilling as most exploration blocks from the 20 th bidding round were close to the end of the first exploration period. Crude oil production rate was 146,000 barrel per day (bbld) which slightly lower than last year s average rate of 166,000 bbld. 19% of Crude oil production is from onshore oil fields. Two new onshore oil fields started production in the reporting period adding about 1,500 bbld and many blocks are still in the exploration phase. More onshore and offshore fields are expected to come into production in the near future. Natural gas production increased 1 % from last year. Last year s average gas production rate was 3,370 MMscfd Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 227 CCOP Technical Secretariat

231 compared with this year s rate of 3,400 MMscfd. The majority of natural gas (96%) was produced from fields in the Gulf of Thailand and the remaining was from onshore fields - 2 fields in the NE of Thailand (120 MMscfd from the Sin Phu Horm and Nam Phong) and Sirikit Field in the central plain basin producing associated gas of about 40 MMscfd. Condensate production decreased from last year at an approximate rate 78,700 bbld in 2010 compared with 91,100 bbld in However, the total amount of petroleum production in the Kingdom can only meet approximately 45% of the total country demand (Figure 1). The energy demand and import amounts have similar values as last year. The indigenous supply increased about 7% from last year. Coal use is still as high as million tons per year while the domestic coal supplied only million tons, or 52% of coal used. The total coal consumption in 2010 slightly increased from last year from million tons to million tons. The total amount of coal imported also increased slightly from million tons in 2009 to million tons in As of December 2010, Thailand s preliminary proved energy reserves (P1) as announced by the Department of Mineral Fuels (DMF) consisted of 10.6 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of natural gas, 245 million barrels (MMbbl) of condensate and 197 MMbbl of crude oil Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities a) New Petroleum Licensed Applications (PLA) Since the end of June 2009, 6 new production area applications (PAA) have been granted. One area is located in the Gulf of Thailand (East Moragot) while the other 5 areas are located in Phitsanulok, Phetchabun, and central plain onshore basins. b) Exploration Activities Exploration activities continued over the period of July 2010 to June This resulted from several geophysical surveys awarded in the 19th and 20th Bidding Rounds. 2D seismic of 2,762 km was acquired (about 5,838 km was acquired last year). Of these 2,762 km, about 1,133 km are from onshore areas and 1,629 km from offshore areas. A total of 2,318 km 2 3D seismic was conducted both onshore and offshore. 3D seismic volumes are quite similar to last year (2,663 km 2 ) as 3D seismic seems to be a new key to a change in the NE region in better identifying the fracture system in the carbonate reservoir. Of these 2,318 km 2, about 767 km 2 are from onshore areas and 1,551 km 2 from offshore areas. Concerning drilling, a total of 25 exploratory wells were drilled during July 2010 to June 2011, comparing to 15 wells last year - 17 wells in onshore basins and the other 8 wells in the Gulf of Thailand. Development wells were reported at 466 wells, comparing to 466 wells last year - 79 onshore wells and 387 offshore wells Proposed Future Activities - Training on conventional oil and gas monitoring. - Training or some short courses on conflict negotiation and public awareness. - Training or some short courses on Carbon Capture and Storage policy and regulation. - Training or some short courses on unconventional petroleum policy and regulation. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 228 CCOP Technical Secretariat

232 During the year, 23 DMF officials were involved in 7 activities held by CCOP: 1. One official attended CCOP EPPM-P3W4: Workshop and training in the new version of CCOP Geo-information Metadata System (GIMS) - in Cooperation with the CCOP Metadata Phase 2 Group, Shanghai, China, July Four officials attended CCOP EPPM-EPPM P1W3: North Sumatra Mergui Basin Case Study: Basin Modeling, Map Integration and Fractured Basement, Langkawi, Malaysia, August Two officials attended CCOP EPPM-EPPM P2W5: Mapping of CCS Potential Reservoir and Selection Criteria & CCOP-ASCOPE-PETRAD Meeting to develop a CO2-CCS Regional Program, Bali, Indonesia, September One official attended EPPM Program Seminar 3 (S3): National Program addressing the Climate Change issues - Role of Geosciences, Bangkok, November 2010, Bangkok, Thailand 5. Two officials attended CCOP EPPM-P3W5: Workshop/training for Metadata encoder and data managers using the new CCOP GIMS, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, January Seven officials attended CCOP EPPM-P1W4: North Sumatra Mergui Basin Case Study: Workshop on Seismic Stratigraphy and Petroleum play concepts, Chiang Mai, Thailand, February 2011, Chiang Mai, Thailand 7. Six officials attended CCOP EPPM-P2W6: Workshop on developing strategies for public awareness and acceptance of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) into geological reservoirs, June 2011, Bangkok, Thailand Figure 1. Petroleum balance of Thailand as of December Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 229 CCOP Technical Secretariat

233 For fiscal year Summary Primary energy consumption of Thailand is about 1.9 million barrel per day. 44% is from natural gas, 37% is from oil, 17% is from coal, and 2% is from hydro power. Coal use is 35.3 million tons per year while domestic coal can be supplied million tons or 54% of the demand. The total coal consumption in 2011 is slightly increased from last year (34.93 million tons to 35.3 million tons). The total imported coal decreased from 16.9 million tons in 2010 to million tons in Crude oil production rate is 110,965 barrel per day (bbld) which is decreased from last year s average rate of 121,571 bbld. Indigenous crude oil supply accounted for 27% of crude oil consumption. 21% of crude oil production is from onshore oil fields, and the rest is from the Gulf of Thailand. Last year the average gas production was 2,678 MMscfd which is similar to this year srate of 2,692 MMscfd. Indigenous natural gas supply accounts for 80% of the consumption. The majority of natural gas (96%) is produced from fields in the Gulf of Thailand and the remaining is from onshore fields - 2 fields in the NE of Thailand (120 MMscfd from the Sin Phu Horm and Nam Phong) and some associated gas of about 40 MMscfd from Sirikit Field in the central plain basin. Condensate production increased from last year (83,772 bbld in 2010 to of 88,203 bbld in 2011). As of December 2011, Thailand s preliminary proved reserves (P1) as announced by the Department of Mineral Fuels (DMF) consisted of 10.6 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of natural gas, 239 million barrels (MMbbl) of condensate and 215 MMbbl of crude oil, which are similar to last year proved reserves of 10.6 Tcf of natural gas, 245 million barrels MMbbl of condensate and 197 MMbbl of crude oil. 2.2 Annual Review of Technical Programme/Activities a) New Petroleum Licensed Applications (PLA) From July 2010 to June 2012, 10 new Production Areas (PAs) have been granted. 4 areas are located in the Gulf of Thailand while the other 6 areas are located in Phitsanulok, Phetchabun, and central plain onshore basins. G8/50 is the first production area in exploration blocks of the 20 th Bidding Round (23 rd May 2007 to 22 nd May 2008). More production areas from the 18 th 19 th and 20 th Bidding Rounds is expecting to come into production. b) Petroleum Exploration Activities Exploration activities continued over the period of July 2010 to June 2012 resulting from several concessions awarded in the 19 th and 20 th Bidding Rounds. 2D seismic of 5,798 km, 1,484 km are from onshore areas and 4,314 km from offshore areas. A total of 9,573 km 2 3D seismic survey was conducted, 2,028 km 2 from onshore areas and 7,545 km 2 from offshore areas. A total of 118 exploratory wells, 54 wells in onshore basins and the other 64 wells in the Gulf of Thailand, were drilled during July 2010 to June Development wells were reported at 897 wells, 149 onshore and 748 offshore. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 230 CCOP Technical Secretariat

234 2.3 Proposed Future Activities/Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities. a) Training or short courses on conflict negotiation and public awareness b) Training/workshop on petroleum fiscal regime c) Training on unconventional oil and gas d) Workshops on petroleum concession bidding best practice - From July 2010 to June 2012, 30 DMF officials have involved in 8 activities held by CCOP: 1. CCOP EPPM-P3W4: Workshop and training in the new version of CCOP Geoinformation Metadata System (GIMS) - in Cooperation with the CCOP Metadata Phase 2 Group, Shanghai, China, July one official 2. CCOP EPPM-EPPM P1W3: North Sumatra Mergui Basin Case Study: Basin Modeling, Map Integration and Fractured Basement, Langkawi, Malaysia, August four officials 3. CCOP EPPM-EPPM P2W5: Mapping of CCS Potential Reservoir and Selection Criteria & CCOP-ASCOPE-PETRAD Meeting to develop a CO2-CCS Regional Program, Bali, Indonesia, September two officials 4. EPPM Program Seminar 3 (S3) : National Program addressing the Climate Change issues - Role of Geosciences, Bangkok, November 2010, Bangkok, Thailand - one official 5 CCOP EPPM-P3W5: Workshop/training for Metadata encoder and data managers using the new CCOP GIMS, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, January two officials 6. CCOP EPPM-P1W4: North Sumatra Mergui Basin Case Study: Workshop on Seismic Stratigraphy and Petroleum play concepts, Chiang Mai, Thailand, February 2011, Chiang Mai, Thailand seven officials 7. CCOP EPPM-P2W6: Workshop on developing strategies for public awareness and acceptance of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) into geological reservoirs, June 2011, Bangkok, Thailand - six officials 8. Five officials participated in CCOP- EPPM- P1W5: North Sumatra-Mergui Basin Case Study: Workshop on Petroleum Play and Prospect Analysis during October 2011, in York Jakarta, Indonesia. 9. Two official attended CCOP--NORWAY EPPM Program: Workshop on UNFCC Resources Classification for Oil, Gas, and Minerals during February 2012, in Bangkok, Thailand. Programme Contact Person: 1. Dr. Phumee Srisuwon Senior Geologist Mineral Fuels Management Division Department of Mineral Fuels 1010 Shinawatra Tower III, Chatuchak Bangkok 10900, Thailand. Tel: (66) Ext. 5105, Fax: (66) : phumee@dmf.go.th, phumee@yahoo.com Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 231 CCOP Technical Secretariat

235 2. Trin Intaraprasong (PhD) Reservoir Engineering and Petroleum Economic Group Department of Mineral Fuels, Ministry of Energy 555/2 Vibhavadirangsit Rd., ENCO B, 22nd Floor, Chatuchak, Bangkok Thailand Tel: (662) Fax: (662) GROUNDWATER PROGRAMME 3.1 Summary The Department of Groundwater Resources (DGR) has been cooperating with CCOP under the project entitled CCOP-GST/AIST Groundwater Project Phase II. The aim of the project is to implement hydrogeological data and a Geographical Information System (GIS) of the Upper Chao Phraya and Lower Chao Phraya basins that can be applied into the provided CCOP website. Recent work has been in the processing of detailed hydrological mapping at a scale of 1:50,000 and combining the MIS (Management Information System) linkage with GIS respectively. 3.2 Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Groundwater and Land Subsidence Monitoring Land subsidence in Bangkok and its vicinity has been serious during the last three decades of extensive groundwater development and there has been a lack of tools to monitor land subsidence continually and effectively. Hence, DGR launched a project namely Systematic Land Subsidence Monitoring by Stations in the Critical Area. Currently, DGR has finished Phase I, comprising two exploration boreholes at the depths of 600 m. and 300 m. located in Samut Sakorn and Samut Prakarn provinces respectively (Figure 1). The results of drilling such as sample cutting, electric logging and soil testing are being evaluated for detailed design of permanent land subsidence monitoring stations including groups of boreholes expected to be drilled and the kind of electronic devices to be applied. Also, InSAR technology has been conducted in order to make a parallel check with land subsidence measurements in the future (Figure 2). Figure 1. Drilling well for land subsidence monitoring design Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 232 CCOP Technical Secretariat

236 Figure 2-3. Application of InSAR technology for land subsidence monitoring Clean Drinking Groundwater for Schools Responding to a lack of clean drinking water for children in schools, particularly in rural areas, DGR has developed a routine that is to provide clean groundwater by drilling a well including a purification system. In this year, DGR has carried out 372 units and has completed a total of 1,149 units since The eventual target throughout of the country is planned at 2,478 units (Figure 3). In addition, DGR has served and provided 922 systems for water supply in the areas of scarce water resources Conjunctive Water Use DGR has implemented a pilot project integrating groundwater and surface water for supporting economic development since Recent global warming is a serious world problem considering water demand for agricultural purposes. In Thailand, water management incorporating the concept of conjunctive water use is anticipated to be useful in the future. In order to cope with this problem, high groundwater potential resources are evaluated throughout the country and 4 pilot areas of each region of Thailand have been selected for actual construction (Figure 4) and subsequent monitoring of their responses in terms of economic management as well as possible agricultural products. Figure 4. Clean drinking groundwater system Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 233 CCOP Technical Secretariat

237 3.2.4 River Bank Filter (RBF) Project RBF is a new project launched by DGR this year. The first phase will involve feasibility studies looking for suitable sites in terms of hydrogeological criteria for further concrete development. The concept of RBF is to develop high shallow groundwater potential by having many horizontal intake wells drilled in the main caisson and then water will be pumped for water supply to cities or towns, even for industrial purposes. Hence, the sites must be in shallow unconsolidated sediments with high groundwater yields or along the main river banks (Figure 5). Figure 5. The system of River Bank Filter (RBF) project 3.3 Proposed Future Activities Geothermal Exploration (GP) DGR is going to launch a project on geothermal exploration in order to support clean energy development, particularly in electricity production. Because of the recent limited resources for electricity generation, geothermal resources are considered as a new alternative clean energy source for the future. Thailand has many hot spring occurrences in a zone elongated from North to South in the western part of the country and some in the central part. In previous studies, more than 20 years ago, this kind of the project was unsuccessful in terms of exploration of proposed potential targets. In the next operation, by using the new combined technology of geophysical instruments and computer programs, the results are expected to better in acquiring a good understanding of potential geothermal resources Deep Groundwater Investigation (DGI) DGI is the other new project to be launched in parallel with GP, above, using the same high efficiency geophysical instruments. The first priority target areas will be in the northeastern part of Thailand. There are many salt domes underneath the Phu Tok aquifer that have fracture zones occurring along their sides which actually have high and good groundwater yields. If the salt domes and their dimensions could be better located by geophysical surveys, the good aquifers would be easily identified for further development. Generally, good aquifers with high potential in northeastern Thailand are very difficult to locate successfully. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 234 CCOP Technical Secretariat

238 3.4 Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities Many member countries of CCOP are leaders in geothermal development for economic electricity production. These countries have different knowledge and experiences including experience as donor and advisory countries. Till now, CCOP has never cooperated in, nor promoted, this aspect. Due to climate change and a common interest with other countries looking for clean energy, CCOP should support and put this kind of project into the action plan. 3.5 Assistance Offered to CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities As above. Programme Contact Person: Mr. Adisai Charuratna DGR Expert in Research and Development Department of Groundwater Resources 26/83 Soi Than Puyingphahol Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Lad Yaw Jatujak District, Bangkok 10900, Thailand Tel : (66) , Fax : (66) adisai54@yahoo.com 4 COASTAL ZONE PROGRAMME GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR 4.1 Summary Programmes were carried out by the Department of Marine and Coastal resources and the Department of Mineral Resources as described below. 4.2 Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Department of marine and coastal Resources (DMCR) In 2011, the Department of marine and coastal Resources (DMCR) gathered the shoreline data in the form of GIS from various research projects carried out from and has provided Geo-Infomatics data regarding shoreline erosion in Thailand. The shoreline length is measured at 3, km. in total involving 23 coastal provinces. The coastline can can be divided as follows; The Gulf of Thailand side is measured at km. covering 17 provinces while the Andaman side is measured at km. covering 6 provinces. DMCR organized an International Symposium on Sea Level Rise and Coastal Erosion on April 28-29, 2011, in Bangkok, Thailand. Presentations of international and Thai experts on several topics included 1) Dr.Lawrence P. Hilderbrand entitled Policy Context and the Role of Senior Governments in Adaptation to Coastal Erosion and Sea-level Rise, 2) Dr.Pete Zuzek entitled Science and Engineering Tools to Understand Coastal Dynamics and Develop Effective and Sustainable Solutions to Coastal Erosion, 3) Professor Dr.Anton S. Micallef entitled An Overview of Coastal Erosion and Sea Level Rise in Europe, 4) Professor Dr.Klaus Schwarzer entitled Coastal Erosion Strategies for Investigation and Development of Protection Schemes, 5) Dr.Jungho Nam entitled Korea Society s Challenges for Coastal Risk Management, 6) Professor Dr.Wong Poh Poh entitled Coastal Erosion-Challenges and Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 235 CCOP Technical Secretariat

239 Mitigation Measures, and 7) Associate Professor Dr.Sutat Weesakul entitled Coastal Erosion at the Upper of Thailand: Problem Identificaion and Remedies. There are recommendations that can be applied in Thailand, with topics as follows: Policy and plans, Techniques and Models, Development Investment and Beach Protection, Legal-Rules and Regulation, Regional Cooperation. The Thai-Cabinet issued 3 resolutions on 26 th August 2007, 22 nd September 2008, and 20 th April 2010 to solve the coastal erosion problem systematically and theoretically by considering the possible side effects. This is to encompass all organizations which are the Harbor Department, the Public Work and City Planning Department, the Natural Resources and Environment Policy and Planning Office, the Ministry of Interior, Provinces, and local area management and organization should be encouraged. The DMCR has already been assigned to establish the responsible unit will become the focal point to solve the coastal erosion problem in The cabinet s resolution on 20 th April 2010 regarding the budget integration to prevent and solve the coastal erosion problem along 23 provinces under the budget of million Baht to be implemented through 933 projects which can be identified to 4 plans as follows; - Design and analysis report management regarding the impact of environment and construction plan; 325 projects under budget of 15,492.5 million Baht. - Investment of global warming Impact prevention and management plan; 112 projects under the budget of 2,010 million Baht. - Dilapidated area and ecosystem restoration plan; 328 projects under the budget of 1,664 million Baht. - Promoting knowledge and cooperation plan; 258 projects under the budget of million Baht. The Marine and Coastal Erosion Prevention Management Office of DMCR have been working on possible solutions for coastal erosion and coastal restoration projects in conjunction with participation of local people. The project is being implemented by placing bamboo as rows preventing and dissolving the wave energy during the budget year 2010 in Samuth Songkram, Samuth Sakorn, Samuth prakan and Chacherngsao. The total length is 7265 m. Another project was to install some concrete poles to solve the same problem in Tan Yongpao, Pattani province in Regarding the study of the master plan for solving coastal erosion, the DMCR teamed up with academic institutes and consultant companies in the East Coastal area, upper and lower part of the Gulf of Thailand side (from Ta Lum Puk cape to Songkla Lake river). Besides, there is a study to design the solution for the coastal erosion in Lam Fapa, Pra Samuth Jadee, Samuth Prakarn, where the most severe erosion takes place. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 236 CCOP Technical Secretariat

240 Department of Mineral Resources Sea floor Mapping Results in the Upper Gulf of Thailand By the marine geology division The Department of Mineral Resources is establishing a Sea floor Mapping Program in order to provide the base-line data needed to produce systematic current map series of nearshore-offshore surficial geologic character and sediment distribution. The program is consistent with the National Economic and Social Development Plan. Many of these maps can serve many other purposes. The marine science community, educators, students and others are encouraged to use these data to generate GIS products for their own purposes. Accurate statewide mapping of seafloor substrates and bathymetry of Thailand nearshore waters is a crucial component necessary to guide multiple ocean management decisions. Designating and monitoring marine reserves, understanding sediment transport and sand delivery, ensuring shipping safety, identifying dredging and dumping sites, helping identify fault dynamics, helping describe tsunami potential, regulating offshore coastal development, and illuminating the dynamics of fisheries and other marine species, are just a few of the applications that would benefit from coastal and marine mapping data and products. Detailed bathymetric maps are also critical in the development of an ocean circulation model that will allow better prediction of potential ocean responses to environmental and anthropogenic changes. In fiscal year 2011, the Bureau of Geo-technology, Department of Mineral Resources conducted the total of 3,000 km bathymetry survey lines, 3,000 km very high resolution shallow seismic reflection profiles, and 730 sea floor sediment sampling sites encompassing eight Royal Thai Military map sheets in order to collect valuable information on the sea floor and sub-sea floor. The geochemical distributions of (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ti, Cu, V, Pb, Zn and Ni) concentrations in 250 seabed sediments were determined by using the Aqua-Regia ICP-DES method. The modern sea floor topography of the Upper Gulf of Thailand is relatively smooth and has little relief, except on the eastern part of the area (offshore Chon Buri province) where bathymetric depressions were encountered. The delta front in front of the Chao Phraya River mouth is slightly steeper (1:1,500 ; 0.03o) than in front of the Mae Klong, Tha Chin river and Bang Pakong mouths (1:2,000; 0.02o). According to shallow seismic data, two main seismic sequences of the late Quaternary strata that formed during and since the last glacial maximum were identified. The Lower Sequence, was interpreted as complex sedimentary strata, consisting of stiff alluvial silty clay alternated with silty sand and dense sand deposited during regression period of late Pleistocene low stand sea level. The surface depth of this sequence ranges from 0 to 55 m. numerous cut and fill channels were clearly seen. The Upper Sequence was interpreted as Holocene sediment deposits. It was sub-divided into 4 units according to the environment of deposition. Unit A is characterized by channel-filled seismic facies. It is interpreted as an estuarine channel deposited during the transgression period of late Pleistocene-early Holocene. Unit B displays a lobate shape, (1-3 km wide, 5-10 km long and 2-7 m thick) with aggrading seismic configurations, being deciphered as a submerged offshore sand ridge. This unit is locally found in three areas; offshore Cha-am district of Phetchaburi province, Sri Racha and Banglamung districts of Chon Buri province. Unit C clearly displays acoustic blanking/ turbidity facies due to gas bubbles contained in the sediments. It is locally found at river mouths and their vicinities. It is interpreted as sub-tidal flat sediment facies being composed mainly of gassy and organic-rich clay/sandy clay sediments. Unit D blankets almost 90 % of the survey area with thickness ranging from 0 to 19 m. The thickness generally decreases seaward. It is composed of very soft-soft marine clay deposited since Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 237 CCOP Technical Secretariat

241 Holocene to Recent. The absence of any trace of any barrier sand in offshore area in the inner part of the upper Gulf is explained by the very low gradients on the seabed which promote the landward migration of transgressive barriers under conditions of rising sea level. In addition, the absence of the regressive barriers as sea level fell towards the last glacial period reflects a lack of available sand. Instead of regressive sand deposits, thick marine clay blankets (Unit D) indicate that very little amount of coarse sediments have been transported to the inner part of the upper Gulf since the Holocene marine transgression till present. The results of seabed sediment sampling reveals that the seabed sediment consists of 76% marine mud, 14%, sandy marine mud, 9% marine muddy sand, and only 1% sand. The 12 heavy metals showed a wide range of concentrations. Generally, heavy metals concentration in the sediments decreased with increasing distance from the shoreline. The average heavy metals concentrations from the highest to the lowest are Fe (15,268.2 mg/kg), Mn ( mg/kg), Ti ( mg/kg), Zn (40.56 mg/kg), Cr (24.89 mg/kg), V (21.63), Ni (15.31 mg/kg), Cu (13.38 mg/kg), Pb (10.88 mg/kg), Co (7.18 mg/kg), As (3.06 mg/kg) and Cd (< 0.30 mg/kg) respectively. All of them, except Cd, are concentrated in three main river mouths; Tha Chin, Chao Phraya and Bang Pakong, and adjacent areas. The results indicate that the high concentrations of heavy metals in marine sediments are particularly affected by the high contribution of terrigenous materials through the main rivers. The behavior of heavy metals in marine sediments, in comparison with other previous studies, is complex due to seasonal and geographic variations in the terrigenous fluxes by rivers. 4.3 Proposed Future Activities The challenging mission of DMCR concerning the coastal erosion problem will be in particular, coordination of the integration plan for the year and building a cooperation system for all relevant organizations. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 238 CCOP Technical Secretariat

242 Programme Contact Person: 1. Mr. Worawoot Tantiwanit Department of Marine and Coastal Resources, Thailand. Tel (66) , Fax : (66) w_tantiwanit@yahoo.com 2. Mr. Panu Thongchit Director, Bureau of Geotechnology Tel (66) , Fax : (66) , Mobile GEO-HAZARDS PROGRAMME For fisical year Summary Thailand is located in a tropical zone where heavy rainfall can occur in the rainy season starting from May to December. Large landslides and flash flood triggered by the heavy rainfall also occur in this period. Exceptionally, in this year, large landslides and flash flooding happened in the March dry season in three provinces, Krabi, Nakhon Si Thamrat and Surat Thani, in the southern part of Thailand. The landslides and flash floods caused a lot of damage and casualties. Sixty-four people were killed and the total cost of damage is estimated at around 10,000 million Baht. The Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) investigated the events and found that only 14 casualties were in landslide affected areas whereas 50 casualties were in flash flood areas. The smaller number of casualties in landslide areas rather than in flash flood areas were because in the landslide areas, landslide watch networks or the community-based landslide watch networks had been established. From this result, DMR has implemented the Efficiency Increasing of Landslide Monitoring System Project in the high landslide risk areas of 17 provinces. 5.2 Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities The Efficiency Increasing of Landslide Monitoring System Project The Project has the objective to map the landslide risk at community level on a scale 1:10,000, to establish the landslide watch networks in upper, middle and down stream localities in both landslide and flash flood prone areas, and to integrate a landslide monitoring plan. The project was conducted in high landslide risk areas of 17 provinces, Ranong, Chumphon, Surat Thani, Krabi, Nakhon Si Thamarat, Phang Gna, Phatthalung, Trang (in the southern part and Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Mae Hong Son, Tak, Lampoon, Lampang, Nan, Phayao, Phrae and Uttaradit (in northern part). The landslide risk at community level mapping was conducted between June and July by using various techniques depending on the areas, ranging from air survey by helicopter to ground checking. Satellite data and Ternary data were also used to delineate the flooded areas and landslide scars. More than 20 teams of geologists were sent to recheck landslide affected boundary and to coordinate with the local governments and local people. The heads of villages and some local people were invited to be involved in the landslide watch networks. anual rain gauges were distributed to the network, 1 or 2 rain gauges per village. Installed rain Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 239 CCOP Technical Secretariat

243 gauges were located by GPS and the mobile numbers of the networks were recorded. Then a safety place for the village was chosen (Figure 1). Figure 1 shows the Landslide Risk in Community Level Map. Data and activities of villages, local government, Thai Meteorology Department (TMD), Department of Water Resources (DWR), Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation (DDPM), National Disaster Warning Center and DMR were integrated to be a simple landslide monitoring plan (Figure2). The plan can divided into 4 periods, 1. Normal period; exchange weather condition and rainfall data between government offices and local people, Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 240 CCOP Technical Secretariat

244 2. Watch period; the networks or the local people are monitoring rainfall and water level in streams with supporting data form government offices. If they notify landslide signals, the networks must inform the head of the village. 3. Warning period; the head of the village authorizes dissemination of landslide warning through siren and village speaker. 4. Rescue period; the mayor of landslide affected area will deploy his rescue team to the area and will request nearby municipalities and other offices to help his people. The network training courses are planned to be conducted in September of this year. At the beginning more than 1,000 local people are planned to join the courses in 3 provinces (Krabi, Nakhon Si Thamrat and Surat Thani) which were seriously affected by landslides. The participants are divided into small groups of villages according to their drainage basin or according to streams that flow through their villages. A one day course is composed of basic knowledge of landslides, landslide risk areas, landslide signals, rainfall measurement, landslide evacuation plan and exchange of ideas. The rest of villages in other provinces will be trained in the same way in the next official year. TMD & DWR Landslide Watch Networks Landslide Signals Rainfall Water Level DMR Watch Bulletin Head of Village Warning Rescue Relevant Offices& NDWC Request for Help Warning and Evacuation Permission Mayor of Municipality Inform District Governor and DDPM Inform Down Stream Villages Figure 2. shows the flowchart of the Landslide Monitoring Plan. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 241 CCOP Technical Secretariat

245 Fiscal year Summary In 2011 many parts of Thailand was affected by serious flooding and landslide. The damage cost was estimated a round 45.7 billion US$ or ranking as the fourth most damage disaster in the world. There were 13.6 million affected people and the flooding caused 815 casualties. Therefore Thai government and Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) put more effort in mitigating the affects from geohazards especially landslides. In this year DMR is conducting many activities under the geohazards mitigation programme such as landslide risk mapping at the community level, establishing landslide watch networks, increasing efficiency of the landslide monitoring system, developing of landslide models and landslide rehabilitation. 5.2 Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities The landslide Risk Mapping at Community level The Project has the objective to map the landslide risk area at community level at a scale of 1:10,000. The maps show the areas which are prone to be affected by landslide and flash floods. Moreover they will include the location of landslide watch network houses, safety places and rain gauges. In this year DMR has a budget to do the activity in 190 subdistricts in northern and southern part of Thailand Establishing The Landslide Watch Network This activity has conducted since 2001 or for more than 10 year. In 2012 DMR established the networks in 5 provinces, Chaiyaphum, Prachinburi, Sakaeo, Phetchabun and Lopburi. Here 1885 local volunteers from 353 villages, 51 subdistricts and 21 districts joined the network. At this moment there are more than 17,000 networks in 2318 villages of 48 provinces, mainly from northern and southern parts Increasing Efficiency of the Landslide Monitoring System This activity has two main components, landslide monitoring and landslide drill. The landslide monitoring is operating through the Geohazards Operation Center of DMR. The center will monitor the heavy rainfall in landslide risk areas. In cases where heavy rainfall is longer than 3 hours or more than 100 mm., the center will disseminate a watch bulletin and inform the networks in the area. Then the networks will be on the duty to closely monitor landslide signals in the local areay. If the networks notify landslide signals they will inform the head of the village to issue a landslide warning and to evacuate people to safe places. The landslide drill is a method for testing the above system The Developing a Landslide Model The mathematical landslide model was firstly developed in 1988 and was used for mapping landslide hazard areas. The first model was GIS based utilizing parameters of geology, topography, landuse and so on. Until this year DMR is developing the new mathematical landslide model by applying slope stability a method for northern and southern parts of Thailand. The main parameters are geology, topography and rain fall infiltration. The model also is a dynamic model and its results will be changed according to the amount of rainfall and it can predict landslide risk areas in advance. In the future DMR hope that the result form the model is very useful for monitoring and warning of landslides, not only for DMR but also for relevant agencies and local governments. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 242 CCOP Technical Secretariat

246 Figure 2. shows the dynamic landslide model of Namman Subdistric, Thapla District, Uttaradit Province The Landslide Rehabilitation In the last decade large landslides have occurred nearly every year and in some years there were many events. All landslide affected areas required rehabilitation for basic issues such as roads, bridges, water pipes and electricity supply. From the viewpoint of geologists, the affected areas must take some actions to mitigate the potential future effects from landslide. Therefore DMR is introducing the prototype of small and easily constructed structures including retaining walls and monkey cheeks (flood and landslide reservoir), together witj channel improvment and stream rerouting. In this activity DMR also uses the plastic flapped sack in the structure and integrates local knowledge as well as local participation. Every year the prototypes are introduced to two provinces and this year DMR is working in Chairai and Lampang Provinces. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 243 CCOP Technical Secretariat

247 Figure 2 shows the landslide reservoir by applying the plastic flapped sack, Ban Pangma-o, Lampang Province. Programme Contact Person: Mr. Lertsin Laksasakulwong Director, Bureau of Environmental Geology Department of Marine Resources, Thailand. Tel (66) , Fax : (66) w_tantiwanit@yahoo.com 6 ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY PROGRAMME 6.1 Summary Saline Soil Area Development Project in Northeast Thailand. The four-year ( ) project was launched in 2008 in response to His Majesty the King s advice and initiation on development of saline soil area in NE Thailand.. The project involves sustainable development of both geological resources through the mitigation of saline soil problems. In this integrated project, DMR is responsible for the study of rock salt formation and its contribution to saline soil and the dispersion of salt in the study area. Duration: Objectives: (a) To set up Saline Soil Study Centre of and by the local community (b) To develop and improve soil quality of saline soil area (c) To improve the quality of life of local people Project Area: Tambon Haiyong, Phangkhon District, Sakon Nakhon Province located within Nam Un watershed, as a project area. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 244 CCOP Technical Secretariat

248 6.2 Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities (Saline Soil Development Project) During Investigative surveys on geology, underground geology and hydrogeology.. - cooperating with National Science and Technology Development Agency, Department of Rice, Land Development Department and Phimai Salt Company Limited for saline soil rice cultivaiond experiment. In The Department of Mineral Resources focused on the experimental solutions to the problem in more saline areas to investigate; (a) use of bentonite to prevent permeability of underground salt water (b) use of NaWa clay to modify structure of saline soil: add clay particle or residue sand faction (c) Leaching of saline soil to salt water treatment pond. (d) fill NaWa clay to lift up paddy field or, on the other hand to reduce the groundwater level Work carried out in Saline Soil Study Centre of Tambon Haiyong, Phangkhon District established - 1 person namely Mr. Krue Suwanchairop to be a master agriculturalist at the provincial level. - Extend results of saline soil investigation to cover all areas of Phangkhon District, Sakon Nakhon Province with a network of agriculuralists in Phangkhon District. Work carried out in 2012 During 2012 the Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) carried out the Saline Soil Area Development Project in Northeast Thailand (phase 2: An extension in Khon Kaen (Ban Tum, Ban Ped, Ban Wa, and Dang Yai districts) and Udon Thani province (Ban Fang, Pon Sung Sawad, Pon Sung Tai districts). This involved l - The dissemination of knowledge concerning solutions of saline soil problems from the Saline Soil Study Centre of Tambon Haiyong to target areas in 2012 (Khon Kaen and Udon Thani Provinces) - Cooperating with research teams from Khon Kaen University (led by Assoc. Dr. Wittaya Trilogade) and Udon Thani Rajabhat University (led by Dr. Wibol Pensuk) for saline soil rice cultivated experiment. - 1 Conference (on April 27, 2012 at Ban Haiyong Sakon Nakhon province, 121 participants), 1 brainstorming meeting in Khon Kaen province (on June 28, 2012 at Chaipat Hotel, 148 participants) and 1 brainstorming meeting in Udon Thani Province (on 26 July 2012 at Kedsuk-Resort Hotel, 150 participants) to encourage cooperative network of local government and communities. - 3 person namely Mr.Chainarong Maong-nil (Khon Kaen province), Mr. Wijit Raj- Jampi (Udon Thani province) and Mr.Supot Rayabsri (Udon Thani province) to be a master agriculturalist at the provincial level. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 245 CCOP Technical Secretariat

249 - 2 Saline Soil Study Centers established (Ban Tum Saline Soil Study Centers in Khon Kaen province and Ban Pon Sung Saline Soil Study Center in Udon Thani province) 6.3 Proposed Future Activities Proposed work in 2013 will be the extension phase of The Saline Soil Area Development Project in Northeast Thailand in 2 provinces (Mahasarakham and Roi Et). Activities in 2013 will involve the encouragement of a cooperative network of local government and communities and the establishment of Saline Soil Study Center. 6.4 Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities Workshop on matters related to saline soil areas improvement in CCOP Member Countries. Programme Contact Person: Mr. Phureewat Jenrungroth Director, Non-metallic Mineral Division Bureau of Mineral resources Department of Mineral Resources Rama VI Road, Bangkok, THAILAND Tel: (66) , Fax: (66) Phuyot@dmr.go.th GEO-INFORMATION SECTOR 7. GEO-DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME For fiscal year Summary The Department of Mineral Resources implemeted an in-house activity only in the CCOP-CGS Metadata project. Totally, 369 metadata of the geological maps that were initially done in Phase I have been uploaded to the Phase II platforms. Activities on GEO Grid and One Geology project were temporarily suspended due to technical problems. 7.2 Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities CCOP Metadata Phase II Project Technical transformation of geological map-metadata in Phase I had been carried out to meet compatibility with metadata schema of Phase II. Therefore, 369 metadata records in Phase I had been transformed and stored in the Phase II environment. However, some information was not uploaded due to system bugs of an application. Correction, therefore, had to be done on a record by record basis. Currently, the correction has not been finished due to the metadata server being down. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 246 CCOP Technical Secretariat

250 7.2.2 Global Earth Observation Grid (GEO Grid) Project The GEO Grid portal was shut down due to system damage after the tremendous tsunami attack on Hokkaido in early March. Meanwhile permission for the research project was also ended at the same time. Since the recovery of the GEO Grid system in June, any new research projects are to be submitted to the GHZ VO-manager One Geology Project DMR had provided space for setup of the project server since Geological map and information on 1:1,000,000 scales were stored in the server that served for WMS through the One Geology portal. During the last few months the server was down due to power supply shortage that caused failure of the application. The problem was reported to TS in late July. Now, new launching of the program awaits the installation of the application from CCOP TS. For fiscal year 2012 Sumary Activities on prevailing cooperation projects temporarily ceased in this year. There are many reasons such as technical problems of the application server, new implementation for public services and uncertainty of flagship measure. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities ASEAN Mineral Resources Database and Information Project This is an active cooperation project now. CCOP was invited to participate and share available database and information for the development of ASEAN mineral resources database and information. This project was initiated by Indonesia to ASOMM. After few years of the application launching, reviews on the progress and outcome showed negative signs. Therefore, the Japanese government decided to advise and support with either budget or technical implementation. The output is intended to establish OGC standards on web map services, to reduce the task of data entry by each member state and to make attractive and friendly usage available to all users. DMR participated a training course in Japan and a workshop in Yogyakarta. The DMR s trainees took all knowledge from the trainer to develop and publish an attractive web map service on the ASOMM page of our website. CCOP Metadata Phase II Project At least new 50 records of geological map-metadata were prepared for uploading to the server. These had not uploaded and published yet because the metadata application server had out of controlled since the last year report. Global Earth Observation Grid (GEO Grid) Project Neither new requirements nor research on the geologic resources resulted in application for ASTER imagery or DEM. Many projects require larger scales of image resolution therefore they tend to choose the most suitablee. On the other hand, the GEO Grid project had developed a new global digital elevation model (DEM) disseminated for public use in many WMS portals. These portals are easily accessible and free to download. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 247 CCOP Technical Secretariat

251 One Geology Project The management and maintenance of the country information faced some problems because of of the retirement of the former coordinator and ownership of the data. Moreover, the server that was also malfunctioning waits for new replacement from the CCOP TS. This project will be a part of the ASEAN mineral resources database that will supply WMS of the geological information in future. 7.3 Proposed Future Activities - Continuous preparation of metadata information of newly published geological maps in order to update on the CCOPGMIS portal, once the server is ready for service. - Continuously sharing of experience and participation for improving activities of the CCOP metadata standard. - Continuous feature improvement and data updating on either the DMR server or ASOMM server. - Transferring knowledge on the OGC standard on web map services to make good image and understanding concept of the development to all related DMR members. - Creating research and expanding knowledge on WMS either applicability or standardization. - New research projects concerned with geological hazards are expected to submit requests for satellite imageriy, either ASTER, MODIS or PULSAR. - Interactive WMS on geological hazards is planned to be setup on the DMR website. - OGC standards on WFS (Web Feature Services) and GeoSciML for open platform on data exchange and on-line processing. 7.4 Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities - Intellectual rights grant to DMR for installation of CCOPGMIS system for public dissemination of geological maps and publication-metadata in native language. - Technical and knowledge support for installation and modification of the CCOPGMIS application. - IT specialists and in-house training courses on OGC standards and GML schema compatible with GeoSciML are required for capacity building. - Replacement of new server is required for supporting services. 7.5 Assistance Offered to CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities -Technical assistance and instruction on the CCOPGMIS. -Technical assistance and instruction on GIS training. -Technical assistance and instruction on the CCOP-CGS metadata system. -Technical assistance and demonstration on fundamental OGC standard for web map services. 7.6 Other Comments - The CCOP Technical Secretariat should construct a common route for regular circulation of active projects to coordinators and resource persons showing measures and activities to proceed. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 248 CCOP Technical Secretariat

252 - Each project (either ended or ongoing) should be regularly evaluated. The evaluation results to be reported to the committee in order to stimulate coordinators for more responsibilities. Programme Contact Person: Mr. Sompob Wongsomsak Director, Information Division Mineral Resources Information Center Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 249 CCOP Technical Secretariat

253 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia Member Country Report of VIETNAM Submitted by CCOP Vietnam (For Agenda Item 3) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 250 CCOP Technical Secretariat

254 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) , Fax: +66 (0) , Website: ANNUAL MEMBER COUNTRY REPORT Country: Vietnam Period: 1 July June 2012 GENERAL ACTIVITIES In the report period from July 2010 to August 2012, the Geological Sector of Vietnam experienced several important events: Celebration of the 65th anniversary of the Geological Sector of Vietnam, receiving the Golden Star Order, adoption of new 2010 Mineral Law and upgrading the Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam into the General Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam. 1. CELEBRATION OF THE 65TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE GEOLOGICAL SECTOR OF VIETNAM On 02 October 2010, the MONRE and the Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam, coordinated with other organizations and units in the Sector, solemnly organized the 65 th Anniversary of the Geological Sector of Vietnam, receiving the Golden Star Order awarded by the State to the Geological Sector of Vietnam. With the achievements and great contributions made in past years, the Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam was honourably awarded the First Class Independence Order by the State. On this occasion, a seminar "For the growth and sustainable development of the Vietnamese Mining Sector" was held on 30 September 2010 with the participation of mineral managers at central and local levels, typical organizations, individuals and businesses engaged in mineral activities in the country. Many major topics were discussed at the seminar, such as the actual situation after 13 years of implementing the Mineral Law, the implementation of the mineral plans, the current situation of mining in Vietnam, recommendations for sustainable development of the mining sector and environmental protection in mining activities in Vietnam. A science conference on geology and mineral resources was held on 01 October 2010 with the participation of near 300 delegates from various organizations and agencies, together with international delegates. Many topics were discussed at the Conference, such as: geology, mineral resources, environmental geology, geohazards and information technology for geological and mineral research and investigation. On this occasion, the Journal of Geology published a special issue with nearly 60 scientific articles on results of recent research by geologists. 2. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE GENERAL DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY AND MINERALS OF VIETNAM AND ADOPTION OF THE NEW 2010 MINERAL LAW To enhance the role of the geological sector in meeting the ever increasing need in basic geological and mineral survey and State management of mineral resources and mineral activities to serve sustainable socio-economic development, on 16 August 2010, the Government issued a Decree amending and supplementing the functions, duties, powers and organizational structure of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. This included the upgrading of the Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam into the General Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam (GDGMV). After a period of preparation and reorganization, GDGMV officially started its operations from 01 July At the same Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 251 CCOP Technical Secretariat

255 time, a new 2010 Mineral Law was adopted by the 12th Legislature National Assembly at its 8th Session on 17 November 2010 and this took effect from 01 July MINERAL PROGRAMME 1.1. Summary GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR Vietnam conducted many activities related to the Mineral Programme of the Geo- Resources Sector including geological mapping, mineral investigation and solid mineral potential assessment Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Regional Geological Survey The units of GDGMV continued geological mapping and mineral investigation at the scale of 1:50,000 in many provinces countrywide. From 2010 to 2012, two projects of geological mapping and mineral investigation at 1: 50,000 scale were carried out in two areas: Ha Quang and A Hoi - Phuoc Hao. As a result, many new discoveries in geology and minerals have been made. a) The Project Geological mapping and mineral investigation at 1:50,000 scale of the A Hoi - Phuoc Hao Map sheet group realized by the Southern Geological Mapping Division has clarified characteristics of the newly discovered (from 2004 to 2011) spilitic basaltic rocks. Geological-mineral and thematic maps of an area of 2,250 km 2 were established. + Valuable geological discoveries include: discovery of a basalt-andesite effusive formation which forms the basis of establishing the Pa Lan Formation of Middle Ordovician age; investigation and recognition of geohazards including landslides, flooding, flash floods, scouring of river and stream banks, radioactive manifestations and etc.it was found that events happen not only because of natural factors, but also because of mineral activities. + Concerning minerals, 46 mineral occurrences were discovered and registered on the area of the map sheet group, among them, 23 mineral and mineralization manifestations were newly discovered, especially of high prospect potential are iron and gold ore occurrences (2 iron ore occurrences: Con Zot and Pa Lan; 4 gold ore occurrences: Khe May, Phuoc Xuan, Song Thanh and Khe Vinh); construction materials and uranium were also of high potential; besides, there still are industrial minerals, thermal and mineral waters. Survey results allowed geologists to delineate 14 areas of iron, gold and construction materials for further investigation and assessment. b) The Project Geological mapping and mineral survey at 1:50,000 scale of the Hà Quảng Map Sheet group, Cao Bằng Province was compiled by the Northern Geological Mapping Division., Although working on an area with many difficulties concerning topography, communication and shortage of budget, in the period the Division completed the above project successfully, making many new discoveries in geology and valuable minerals. As a result, geological-mineral and thematic maps of an area of 1,730 km 2 were established. + New valuable discoveries on geology include: fossils of brachiopods, bivalves, coniconchs, corals, forams and conodonts in many localities; discovery of unconformable relations between basalts (including pillow basalts) of the Bằng Giang Formation and limestone of the Bắc Sơn Formation. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 252 CCOP Technical Secretariat

256 + For minerals, 49 deposits, mineral occurrences and mineralization manifestations were discovered and registered on the area of this map sheet group, amongst them 8 were new discoveries and 15 re-investigated. Discoveries with good prospects included: skarn magnetite ore of high quality and potential in Cao Lu, Lung Luong and Khuoi Tong areas; gold mineralization occurrences in Loc Xoa, Duoc Lang, Khuoi Tong and Na Dong areas. The Centre for Marine Geology and Mineral Resources under the Vietnam Administration of Sea and Islands achievemedthe following: a) Project component 1: Investigation of geological, geodynamic characteristics, mineral resources, geoenvironment and prediction of geohazards in offshore areas of Vietnam from the 30m to 100m water depth at 1: 500,000 scale (referred to as PC1) under the Project Investigation of geological, geodynamic characteristics, mineral resources, geoenvironment and prediction of geohazards in offshore areas of Vietnam (referred to as a Government project): - The boundaries and distribution area of Quaternary stratigraphic units present in the study area have been delineated; the presence of 3 eruptive stages in the area of Con Co and Phu Quy islands, consisting of βn 2, βq and βq 2 formations. - In addition, some thickness variation rules of the Quaternary sediments have been identified. In the Cua Nhuong - Thuan An area the thickness of Quaternary sediments increases from the shore seaward. In the Ninh Chu - Ham Tan area the thickness of Quaternary sediments increases toward the Cuu Long basin. In the Vung Tau - Ca Mau area the thickness of Quaternary sediments increases toward the Nam Con Son and Malay-Tho Chu basins. - The Quaternary stratigraphic units are differentiated on the principle of genesis and age in relation with depositional cycles based on the results of fossil (algae, spores and pollen, foraminifers) determinations, the results of C 14 isotope, chemical, DTA, XRD, Eh, ph,cation exchange and quantitative mineralogical (e.g. particle size distribution) analysis of superficial sediment, drill core, gravity core samples and the results of interpretation of high resolution shallow seismic data. The distribution area of Quaternary sediments was delineated as based on the results of interpretation of topographic, geomorphologic and side scan sonar datas so that the boundaries are of high accuracy. b) The Project: Geological and mineral investigation at 1/100,000-1/50,000 scale in Nga Son - Dien Chau coastal offshore area (0-30m water depth (referred to as the Nga Son - Dien Chau Project) was started. Field survey has been completed in the the Nga Son Cua Hoi area with 1,290km of geophysical lines and 141 geological survey stations in an area of 241km Solid mineral potential assessment a) GDGMV has completed several projects designed to assess the potential of titanium zircon, manganese, uranium, copper, molybdenum, kaolin and feldspar in the whole country. - The Project Investigation and assessment of titanium-zircon placer potential in the Red Sand formation in Ninh Thuan, Binh Thuan and North Ba Ria - Vung Tau areas was approved for implementation in two years: 2009 and By November 2010, the project had been completed and the final report has been prepared.. An area of over 770 km 2 has been determined as the distribution area of red sand with high placer prospects. The thickness of the ore body is from over 10 to nearly 190 m and the average thickness of the reserve calculation blocks is usually over 40 to 130 m. The project has delineated the distribution area and assessed resources for the 10 ore bodies on the 4 areas: 1) Tuy Phong area with 3 ore bodies, 2) North Phan Thiet area with 3 ore bodies, 3) South Phan Thiet area with 1 ore body and 4) Ham Tan area with 4 ore bodies. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 253 CCOP Technical Secretariat

257 This result has put titanium ore to the 3 rd rank in the top metallic minerals of large resource and reserves in the country (after aluminium and iron ore) and made Vietnam to be one of the world s countries with the highest titanium resource potential. - The Project Investigation and assessment of manganese ores in the Dong Tam area, Bac Quang District, Ha Giang Province was realized by the North-eastern Geological Division. As a result, the geological-mineral map at 1:25,000 scale was established on an area of 60 km 2, delineating 3 manganese-iron ore prospect areas, namely: Dong Tam, Coc Hec and Trung Thanh. Among them, there are 11 primary ore bodies and 3 erratic ore bodies. The total resources at a grade reach 4.4 million tons of ore, of which the resource at 333 grade is about 3.8 million tons. - The Project "Investigation and assessment of copper ore potential in the Thuan Chau area, Son La Province" realized by the Northwest Geological Division has initially discovered 6 copper ore bodies in Ban Long and Coc Phat areas, with ore body thicknesses from 0.5 to 4.5 m, and copper content varying from 0.5 to 6.74%. - The Project "Investigation and assessment of molybdenum and copper ore potential in the Kim Chang Ho area, Bat Xat District, Lao Cai Province", realized by the Northwest Geological Division, has delineated 28 km 2 containing molybdenum ore manifestations and initially has delineated 6 ore bodies. - The North Central Geological Division implemented the Project: Assessment of kaolin and feldspar potential in the Huong Phong, A Roang areas, A Luoi District, Thua Thien Hue Province. As a result, 4 areas with industrial kaolin prospects were determined (Phú Vinh - Hương Phong, A Roằng, Hương Lâm and A Sầu) with a total area of 15 km 2 containing 20 ore bodies of weathering origin, derived from fine-grained granite and aplite, and some of redeposition origin. The recovery under sieve of <0.2 mm reaches 45-80% with Al 2 O 3 content of 20-28% and Fe 2 O 3 of %. The total resource of a grade reaches more than 3.1 million tons (333 grade is of 810 thousand tons). Based on these investigation results, 3 areas of good prospect with a total area of 1 km 2 in Phú Vinh, Hương Phong and A Roang were proposed for further exploration and possible exploitation. - The Centre for Research and Transfer of Geological-mineral Technology realized the Project: Processing airborne geophysical materials of the Măng Xim area, Quảng Nam and Quảng Ngãi Provinces. The studied area is 4,200 km 2. As a result, a schema of endogenous mineral prospect zonation was established on the basis of geophysical data from the Măng Xim area at 1:50,000 scale. In this, 25 areas of potential for endogenous minerals with different scales and levels of prospect were delineated, including 11 prospect areas of A1 grade, 10 areas of A2 grade and 4 of B grade. b) The Vietnam Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources has implemented several research projects investigating the material composition and assessment of mineral resource potential. - Completed the research project: Research and establishment of the scientific basis for developing the lead-zinc ore formation models in North Vietnam. Lead - zinc ore formation models in North Vietnam have been developed with 3 representative deposits (areas): the Cho Dien deposit in Bac Can, the Huoi Pao deposit in Yen Bai, the Bang Thanh - Ban Lin lead zinc ore zone in Phia Da Na Cang area, Cao Bang province. - Completed the research project: Research and establishment of the scientific basis for determining the existence of porphyry type Cu-Au deposits in Vietnam, with the aim to orient the mineral investigation and assessment. As a result, the existence of porphyry type Cu-Au deposits in Vietnam has been identified, serving as the basis for further investigation and assessment. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 254 CCOP Technical Secretariat

258 - Completed the metallogenic research and mineral resource prediction of the SW margin of Kon Tum geoblock. - Completed the research on potential and utility value of sericite in Neoproterozoic - Lower Paleozoic and Jurassic - Cretaceous metamorphic rocks in NW Vietnam. - Is implementing the Projects: Research on geologic structures and evaluation of mineral potential (Cu, Au, Sb, Pb-Zn) in Huong Hoa - Cu De area ; Petrologic research of lamprophyric rocks and related mineral resources in NW Vietnam and Research for developing tin ore deposit models in Vietnam. - Is carrying out the research and evaluating the potential of puzzolan for producing construction material serving the socio-economic development of the Central plateau by clarifying the potential, material composition and possible uses of puzzolan for construction material. - Is carrying out research on the scientific and legal bases for inscription, conservation and rational use of geoheritage sites and for the construction of geoparks in Vietnam. - Implemented the research project: Sedimentology of Neogene formations in the Central Highlands and related minerals. Studied and clarified geological structure, material composition of the formations filling the Neogene basins in the Central Highland; carried out research on rock facies, paleogeography and development history of Neogene basins in the Central Highland; research on favourable preconditions for the formation of mineral resources in the Central Highland Neogene basins. - The Geological Analysis and Experiment Centre realized the Project, Manufacturing standard sample collections of ultramafic rocks, dolomite and radioactive ores used in experimental analysis. As a results, 4 standard sample collections of grassroot level were manufactured with a stable duration of 10 years including: standard sample of ultramafic rock SM-1 with a weight of 12.5 kg, standard sample of dolomite Do-1 with a weight of 12.5 kg, 2 standard samples of uranium MC-U1 and MC-U2, each of them has a weight of 15 kg. These standard samples were analyzed in experimental labs in Canada, Australia, China and Japan and have an error lying within the permited limits. Besides the results in geology mentioned above, in implementing Project component 1: Investigation of geological, geodynamic characteristics, mineral resources, geoenvironment and prediction of geohazards in offshore areas of Vietnam from 30m to 100m water depth at 1: scale (referred to as PC1), the Centre for Marine Geology and Mineral Resources under the Vietnam Administration for Sea and Islands has achieved some results in terms of solid mineral resources. In the m water depth areas of Cua Nhuong - Thuan An, Ninh Chu - Ham Tan and Vung Tau - Ca Mau, placer and construction material (sand for land reclamation) prospects have been found, in particular: In the Cua Nhuong - Cua Thuan An area where there are 3 placer prospects and 3 construction material prospects; in the Ninh Chu - Ham Tan area there are 4 placer prospects and 2 construction material prospects; in the Vung Tau - Cape Ca Mau area there are 3 placer prospects and 4 construction material prospects Proposed Future Activities - Continue geological mapping and mineral investigation at 1: 50,000 scale. - Carry out the project "Overall investigation and assessment of bauxite and lateritic iron ores in South Vietnam". Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 255 CCOP Technical Secretariat

259 1.4. Assistance Required from CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities - Strengthen the capacity in overall assessment of Vietnam s mineral potential by advanced technology. - Strengthen the capacity in geological mapping, mineral investigation at the scale of 1:50,000 basing on digital technology. - Upgrading the geological labs of the GDGMV, especially isotope analysis for mineral investigation Assistance Offered to CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities - Sharing experiences in geological and mineral mapping at the scale of 1:200,000 and 1:50, Sharing experiences on the investigation and assessment of solid mineral reserves Other Comments In the period from July 2010 to June 2012, international cooperation activities of GDGMV were maintained and developed. GDGMV had many cooperation activities with Germany, Japan, Korea, Czech Republic, China and ASEAN countries: - Implementing the Agreement on Economic, Cultural and Techno-scientific Cooperation between the Governments of SR Vietnam and Lao PDR, the Project "Geological mapping and mineral survey at 1: 200,000 scale in the North Vientiane - Luang Pha Bang area" was appraised by the GDGMV and technically approved by Laotian authorities in Vientiane in December The project is to be implemented with the use of nonreimbursable financial assistance of the Vietnamese Government to Lao PDR. - The Project "Basic geological investigation on rare-earth elements associating with gold-copper-iron oxide mineralization in Lao Cai, Yen Bai and Lai Chau Provinces, Vietnam" continued to be realized by the GDGMV in cooperation with the Japanese Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (JOGMEC). During 2010, JOGMEC carried out the survey and assessment of resource potential of rare-earth elements of ion absorption type in the weathering crust in the Ben Den area, Lao Cai Province in an area of 26 km 2. The thickness of the weathering crust varies from 7 to over 20 m. - In the past year, GDGMV sent many staff abroad to attend training courses, study tours, visits to exchange experience in geological survey, mineral exploration in various countries such as Korea, Japan, Czech Republic, China, Malaysia and Indonesia. Besides, GDGMV also sent staff to attend workshops and training courses within the framework of ASEAN mineral cooperation, the International Geological Map of Asia Project (IGMA5000). Programme Contact Person: Dr. Tran Van Mien, Director of Geological Division, General Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam. mientv@dgmv.gov.vn 2. ENERGY PROGRAMME 2.1. Summary In 2010, 2011 and the first 6 months of 2012 Vietnam produced a total of 61.5 million tons of oil equivalent, including 38.5 million tons of crude oil and 23 billion cubic meters of gas. As for coal, in the same time Vietnam produced 123 million tons of coal. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 256 CCOP Technical Secretariat

260 2.2. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Activities Oil and gas Exploration Activities In 2010, 2011 and the first six months of 2012 a total of 15 Petroleum exploration and production contracts were signed, of which 14 contracts are in Vietnam. So far, 89 Petroleum Contracts have been signed in the form of JV, PSC, JOC and BCC, of which 58 are currently in operation. In the same time, there were: 10 new oil and gas discoveries were identified, the total hydrocarbon reserve of Vietnam increased by 100 million tons of oil equivalent and 17 new oil and gas fields in domestically and abroad have been put into production Oil and Gas Production Activities In 2010, 2011 and the first six months of 2012 Vietnam produced a total of 38.5 million tons of crude oil and 23 billion cubic meters of gas taken from oil and gas fields in domestic and foreign fields: such as Bach Ho- Rong, Ruby, Rang Dong, Lan Tay- Lan Do, Su Tu Den, PM3- Cai Nuoc, Dai Hung, Ca Ngu Vang, Su Tu Vang, Topaz, Pearl, Nhenhetxky, Scientific Research Activities within the framework of CCOP and bilateral cooperation with CCOP cooperating countries Projects supported by Norwegian Government: In 2010, phase III of the Development of Management Systems on Health, Safety and Environment in the Vietnamese Petroleum Industry Project was implemented. This project was completed at the end of Quarter II of Projects supported by Danish Government: the project to Enhance Research Capacity (ENRECA) involving the Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA). Vietnam Petroleum Institute (VPI) and the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) have completed the ENRECA-Phase I and Phase II Project and are now carrying out Phase III. In 2010 VAST together with CCOP/GSJ/AIST successfully organised the Workshop Monitoring and Evaluation of Coastal Erosion in Deltas in Hai Phong. In 2011, PetroVietnam in coordination with VASI, CCOP Technical Secretariat and PETRAD organized a Workshop on Gas hydrate in Ha Long Quang Ninh in March and the Workshop on Oil and gas exploration and production in deep water areas in Da Lat Lam Dong in September. In 2012, PetroVietnam in coordination with PETRAD organized the Workshop on Small Scale LNG (liquefaction, shipping, terminal, distribution) and Vapour Recovery on FSO in Hue city in September Downstream activities In 2010, 2011 and the first 6 months of 2012 PetroVietnam completed the investment and put into operation the Dung Quat oil refinery, Dung Quat polypropylene producing factory and the CO2 collecting system for collecting the CO2 from discharge smoke of Phu My urea factory and Ca Mau urea factory. Investment procedures for the Nghi Son oil refinery and petrochemical complex in Thanh Hoa and the Southern refinery and petrochemical complex in Long son, Vung Tau are being carried out. The Rang Dong - Bach Ho - Phu My, Nam Con Son and PM3-Ca Mau gas pipeline systems are in safe and smooth operation. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 257 CCOP Technical Secretariat

261 Coal Activities/Operations In 2010, 2011 and the first 6 months of 2012, there were 123 million tons of coal produced and exploration and reserves assessment activities were also conducted with good results Proposed Future Activities Vietnam will implement successfully the EPPM Project together with other CCOP member countries. Programme Contact Person: Mr. Ngo Van Hung, Senior Officer, PetroVietnam. hungnv02@pvn.vn 3. GROUNDWATER PROGRAMME 3.1. Summary In the past year groundwater investigation activities were conducted mainly by the Centre for Water Resources Planning and Investigation (CWRPI) Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities * In the period from July 2010 to June 2011, the CWRPI steadily developed in the field of water resources planning and investigation. Below are described some typical groundwater projects carried out by the CWRPI: - Project Investigation, assessment, planning for use of groundwater and surface water in coastal and island areas. By collecting and synthesizing data, interpreting remote sensing images and additional field investigation such as geophysical survey, drilling, pumping test, sample collection and analysis, the following results have been obtained: Various aquifers in the coastal and island areas have been identified and their water bearing properties have been clarified: In East Bac Bo coastal area: one (1) porous aquifer, eight (8) fissured aquifers; in the Red river delta coastal area: three (3) porous aquifers, ten (10) fissured aquifers; in the North Trung Bo coastal area: three (3) porous aquifers, fifteen (15) fissured aquifers; in the South Trung Bo coastal area: three (3) porous aquifers, three (3) fissured aquifers; in the Nam Bo coastal area: eight (8) porous aquifers, one (1) fissured aquifer; in island areas: two (2) porous aquifers and five (5) fissured aquifers. The Water samples from all the main aquifers with potential for exploitation have been collected and analysed to assess the quality of the groundwater in these aquifers. The groundwater exploitation reserves in the coastal areas explored and assessed are: measured reserve (A): 64,351 m 3 /day, indicated reserve (B): 308,419 m 3 /day, possible reserve (C1): 4,852,201 m 3 /day. The groundwater exploitation reserves explored and assessed on 18 islands are: Measured and indicated reserve (A+B): 10,390 m 3 /day, possible reserve (C1): 33,950 m 3 /day. The water demand for domestic and industrial service water supply in the coastal and island areas to the year 2020 as calculated and predicted by the Project is 7,076,035 m 3 /day. This includes: East Bac Bo coastal area: m 3 /day; Red river delta coastal area: m 3 /day; North Trung Bo coastal area: 1,843,157 m 3 /day; South Trung Bo coastal area: m 3 /day; Nam Bo coastal area: 1,674,160 m 3 /day. The Project has assessed the possibility to meet the above demand and proposed the orientation for groundwater resource exploitation and use in the coastal areas and 10 detailed investigation areas. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 258 CCOP Technical Secretariat

262 - The Project Assessing the impact of climate change and sea level rise on mineral resources was realized by the Office of the GDGMV. The results showed that, in 29 coastal provinces, the mineral resources of Viet Nam are have the risk of being impacted by climate change, both directly and indirectly, resulting in damage to reserves and quality and by dissemination of polluting agents. According to statistical data, from 149 to 254 mineral occurrences in coastal areas, with a sea level rise scenario of 0.65 m and 1 m respectively, would be submerged or isolated. Impacted minerals include coastal titanium-zirconium placers, gas, peat, construction materials and mineral-thermal water. The report also proposed several solutions for adapting to climate change in order to protect and exploit minerals which would be impacted by : giving priority to investigation, exploration, exploitation and use of several occurrences in order to reduce the damage and quality degradation of the mine; managing and processing mine wastes so as to prevent their dissemination and any resultant environmental pollu-tion; soil rehabilitation and environmental recovery after exploitation; establishing the project of delineating national reserve areas for several minerals, such as titanium placers in red sand, and to have measures to limit the impact of climate change and protect mines. - Project: Investigation of groundwater resources in remote areas of Nam Bo-phase 3. Geophysical survey, hydrogeological drilling, pumping tests were carried out, with collection and analysis of groundwater samples from 30 boreholes in 30 areas (covering 18 population areas, 11 border guard stations and 1 army camp) in 30 communes. These are remote, border areas of 20 districts in 8 provinces of Nam Bo plain. As a result of the Project implementation the hydrogeological characteristics of 30 investigation areas have been clarified, areas with prospective groundwater potential have been delineated, distribution areas, depth of occurrence, thickness, lithological composition and water bearing properties of aquifers, water quality (chemical composition, iron content, microelement and bacteria contents) have been determined, serving as the basis for further hydrogeological investigations. 29 boreholes have been delivered to the local authorities, army units and border guard stations for ground water extraction for domestic water supply to serve the people and army units in the remote, border areas with a total discharge of 15,370m 3 /day. The results of the Project implementation have ensured clean water supply and environmental sanitation in the rural areas, contributing to the improvement of the health, material and spiritual life of the people and army units living and serving in remote and border areas. * Groundwater monitoring was continued in the areas of the Red river Delta, Mekong delta and Central Highlands by the Centre for Water Resource Planning and Investigation, with 730 monitoring wells. The following results have been obtained: A. Red river Delta 1). Water level In intensive groundwater extraction areas, the water level declined continuously. At some monitoring stations, e.g. Mai Dich (Cau Giay, Hanoi), the drawdown has nearly reached the maximum permissible value. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 259 CCOP Technical Secretariat

263 The maximum drawdown measured in monitoring well Q.63a (Mai Dich, Cau Giay, Ha Noi) on 30 December 2011 was 28.73m, accounting for 61.70% of the maximum permissible drawdown. -2,00 Độ sâu mực nước (m) -3,00-4,00-5,00-6,00-7,00-8,00-9,00-10,00 Q.109a -11,00 12/95 12/97 12/99 12/01 12/03 12/05 12/07 12/09 12/11 Thời gian (tháng/năm) The hydrograph at monitoring well Q.109a (Truc Phu-Truc Ninh-Nam Dinh) 2). Water quality a. Upper Holocene aquifer (qh2) In qh2 aquifer, the average TDS value in the dry season of 2011 was 2266 mg/l, 13/36 samples exceeded the permissible standard. All of 7 samples analysed for ammonium content gave the value exceeding by many times the permissible standard. The average ammonium content (as N) of all samples collected in the dry season of 2011 exceeded the permissible standard by 92.4 times. In particular, in monitoring well Q.57 (Tan Lap - Dan Phuong - Ha Noi), it reached mg/l (exceeding the permissible standard by 233 times). b. Lower Pleistocene aquifer (qp1) The summary results of monitoring in qp1 aquifer show that the average TDS value in the dry season of 2011 was 607 mg/l and in rainy season was 578 mg/l. As regards micro-elements, in the dry season 17 of 32 samples have manganese content (Mn) exceeding the permissible standard; 4 of 32 samples have arsenic content (As) exceeding the permissible standards; the highest As content is monitoring well Q 58a (Hoai Duc - Hanoi), reaching 0,1500 mg/l (exceeding the permissible standard by three times). The contents of other micro-elements are within the permissible limits. In the rainy season, 12 of 30 samples have manganese content (Mn) exceeding the permissible standard; 4 of 30 samples have arsenic content (As) exceeding the permissible standard, the highest As content is in well Q.58a (Hoai Duc - Hanoi), reaching mg/l (exceeding the permissible standard by 7 times). The contents of other micro-elements are within the permissible limit. B. Mekong Delta 1). Water level In intensive groundwater extraction areas, the water level declined continuously. At some monitoring stations, the water level declined steeply and nearly reached Hcp: e.g. 12 th district, Binh Tan district, Ho Chi Minh city. * Ho Chi Minh region: The lowest water level measured at the well Q qp1 aquifer (An Lac-Binh Tan) on 06 March 2011 was 29.93m, accounting for 59.86% Hcp; At well Q qp2-3 aquifer (Dong Hung, District 12) on 30 April 2011 was 36,42m, accounting for 72,84%. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 260 CCOP Technical Secretariat

264 -7,00 Q ,00 Độ sâu mực nước (m) -17,00-22,00-27,00 y = -0,0032x + 99,889 R 2 = 0, ,00 12/95 12/97 12/99 12/01 12/03 12/05 12/07 12/09 12/11 Thời gian (tháng/năm) The hydrograph at monitoring well Q (Tan Chanh Hiep- District 12- Ho Chi Minh City) 2). Water quality The contents of some components, usually TDS, NH4+ (as N) and micro-elements such as Mn, As, Hg. in the water exceed the permissible limit, in particular as follows: - TDS value: In the main aquifers, the monitoring wells meeting the permissible standard as fresh water (below 1500mg/l) account for 50 to 66% of the total number of sampled wells. - Other indicators: In the Mekong river delta special attention should be paid to Mn and NH4+, which exceed the permissible standard in the nearly all main aquifers such as qp1, qp3, n22. Typically in monitoring well Q (Ben Luc township, Ben Luc district, Long An - aquifer qp1) the NH4+ content is 23,65mg/l in the dry season and 24.54mg/l in the rainy season; in monitoring well Q409020M1 (Ward 3, Soc Trang city, Soc Trang - aquifer qp3) the NH4+ content is 5.03mg/l in the dry season and 11.71mg/l in the rainy season; C. The Central Highland Region: 1). Water level a. Q aquifer The monitoring results summarized from 20 wells show that the monthly mean elevation of the water level in Q aquifer is 536,37m, minimum m in April and maximum m in October. b. βq2 aquifer The monitoring results summarised from 18 wells show that the monthly mean elevation of the water level in Q2 aquifer is m, minimum m in April and maximum m in October. c. βn2-q1 aquifer The monitoring results summarized from 49 wells show the monthly mean elevation of the water level in N2-Q1 is 619,64m, minimum m in April and maximum m in October. d. N aquifer The monitoring results summarized from 18 wells show that the monthly mean elevation of the water level in N aquifer is 408,25m, minimum m in April and maximum 410,35m in October. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 261 CCOP Technical Secretariat

265 2). Water quality At monitoring wells, the results from analysed water samples show that the water quality of the Cental Highland region is relatively good, there is no sign of groundwater pollution. The average TDS value of the groundwater in the dry season is 148mg/l, in the rainy season is 142mg/l. The contents of micro-elements in groundwater mostly meet the permissible standard, except for Mn % of samples (in dry season) and 4.35% of samples (in rainy season) have Mn contents exceeding the permissible standard. The highest Mn content is in well LK18T (An Khe township, An Khe district, Gia Lai province), reaching 1.19 mg/l Proposed Future Activities - Continue the investigation and assessment of groundwater resources in coastal and island areas; - Continue the investigation of groundwater resources in remote areas of Nam Bo and hand over the remaining boreholes to the local authorities for exploitation and use; - Continue working on the amendment law on water resources to be submitted to the National Assembly for adoption Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities Technical assistance for groundwater monitoring and pollution assessment projects Assistance Offered to CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities Sharing experiences on hydrogeological mapping, groundwater resources assessment and groundwater monitoring. Programme Contact Person: Mrs. Nguyen Thi Ha, Officer-in-charge of Centre for Water Resource Monitoring and Forecasting, Water Resource Investigation and Planning Centre. lehahoai@yahoo.com GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR 4. COASTAL ZONE, GEOHAZARDS AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY PROGRAMMES 4.1. Summary From the middle of July 2010 to September 2012, many activities related with the coastal zone, geohazards and environmental geology were carried out by units of DGMV, Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) and Vietnam Administration for Sea and Islands (VASI) Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities Activities carried out by GDGMV - The projects "Monitoring of radioactive environment in mineral deposits in the stage" and "Delineating areas containing toxic minerals and assessing the possible environmental impacts on the Vietnamese territory (mainland part) for sustainable socioeconomic development" realized by the Geological Division for Radioactive and Rare Minerals have resulted in determination of the current status of components of the radioactive environment in each mineral deposit distributed in the Northern provinces, compilation of a schematic toxic minerals distribution map covering the provinces from Thanh Hoa to Quang Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 262 CCOP Technical Secretariat

266 Ngai and Binh Dinh, Phu Yen, Ninh Thuan, Binh Thuan, Lam Dong and Ba Ria - Vung Tau provinces and delineation of areas containing toxic minerals at 54 deposits and mineral occurrences in 13 provinces.. - The research project "Research and establishment of scientific bases for assessing the safety in exploration and exploitation of radioactive ores in the Thanh My area, and proposing preventive measures" was completed by the Geological Division for Radioactive and Rare Minerals. The results of the project allow us to establish procedures for assessment of radioactive environmental impact caused by exploration and exploitation of radioactive ores and to propose some preventive measures to ensure the safety in radioactive mines. - The project "Investigation, assessment, determining the cause and proposing measures to avoid and minimize injuries caused by sudden geohazards" realized by the Northwest Geological Division has identified that the sudden geohazards in the Huoi So Commune, Tua Chua, Dien Bien Province were caused by activities of the faults which created three NW-SE trending fractures. On this basis, some measures aiming to avoid and minimize damage were proposed. - The Project "Assessment of environmental status in mining areas of Nghe An and Ha Tinh Provinces" realized by the North Trung Bo Geological Division has identified manifestations of low-level air pollution in active mines located along Highway 8B, in the section passing the Hong Linh Town. - The Project "Research on the application of downhole seismic method to establish the procedure of calculating elasticity parameters for earthquake-proof foundation engineering in the Ho Chi Minh City area and neighbouring provinces" realized by the Southern Geological Mapping Division has obtained good initial results. The results of test measurements in three areas with different geological conditions have shown consistence between the downhole seismic and geotechnical drilling data Activities carried out by Vietnam Institute of Geosciences and Mineral Resources - The geohazard research project: Assessment of current status of geohazards in Ha Giang, Cao Bang, Tuyen Quang and Bac Can, determining their cause, predicting and proposing measures for prevention and mitigation of damage is being carried out. - The Project: Investigation, and assessment of geothermal potential in East Bac Bo region is being carried out to assess the geothermal potential in the East Bac Bo and some unsurveyed areas on the right side of the Red river and to propose the strategy for using the geothermal sources to serve socio-economic development of the region. - The Projects: Editing for publication of the Geochemical map of Vietnam at 1: scale; Investigation and assessment of environmental status in key mining areas of Northeast Bac Bo region ; Investigation and research of geoheritage sites in and proposal for construction of geoparks in North Vietnam and Research on scientific and legal bases for inscription, conservation, rational use of geoheritage sites and construction of geoparks in Vietnam. - The 2nd Asia Pacific Symposium on Geoparks was successfully organized. On the basis of several research projects on park and geoheritage sites, MONRE assigned Vietnam Institute of Geosciences and Mineral Resources to be the agency directly organizing and inscribing the Dong Van Karst Plateau (Ha Giang province) in the Global Geopark Network. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 263 CCOP Technical Secretariat

267 Activities carried out by the Centre for Marine Geology and Mineral Resources, Vietnam Administration for Sea and Islands - The Project: Investigation of geological, geodynamic characteristics, mineral resources, environmental geology and prediction of geohazards in Thua Thien Hue - Binh Dinh offshore areas (0-60m water depth) at 1: scale (referred to as Thua Thien Hue - Binh Dinh Project). The field surveys were carried out from 2011 to June A set of original geophysical and geodetic data (high resolution seismic, marine magnetic, side scanned sonar data) in the offshore areas of Thua Thien Hue- Quang Ngai has been acquired as the basis for detailed differentiation of seismic sequences related to stratigraphic units, to serve the geological and mineral investigations in the project area. The initial result has determined that the offshore area of Thuan An (Thua Thien Hue) has had considerable placer and construction material potential. - The Project: Investigation of geological, geodynamic characteristics, mineral resources, environmental geology and prediction of geohazards in Vietnam offshore areas (completed in 2012). The results are as follows: a). In Geology - The age of Quaternary sediments in the area of 0-100m water depth has been determined based on the results of paleontological analysis and absolute age dating for Holocene and Late Pleistocene sediments by 14 C isotope method. - Determined the time of volcanic eruption in the area of Con Co island and neighbouring areas of Phu Quy island (N2, Q1 and Q2). - The distribution area of Quaternary sediments have been delineated based on the results of topographic-geomorphologic analysis, the side scanned sonar data, etc. The boundaries are of high accuracy; - The distribution law and evolution history of Quaternary sediments through different depositional cycles have been clarified based on the basic survey data at 1: scale in the offshore area of m water depth combined with the results of study in the coastal offshore area of 0-30m water depth. - The existence of ancient coastal zones at m, 50-60m, 35-45m water depth has been confirmed by the Project through research on sedimentation, geomorphology and material composition of the sediments. Ancient river channels and ancient coastal zones have been discovered in seismic bands, they are of importance in mineral prospecting. b). Minerals - Six placer prospects (ilmenite-zircon, rutil +anatase) have been delineated. The total inferred resource of 334b category is 87,226,580 tons. - Ten prospects of construction materials have been delineated. The total inferred resource of 334b category is billion m3 c). Environmental Geology - Sea water geochemical environment: Weakly alkaline - weakly oxidising environment (7.5< ph<8.5; 100mV<Eh<150mV) characterizes the whole area, both for the superficial and bottom water layers. - Seabed sediment geochemical environment: The typical formation environment of the sediments is the oxidation environment, with chemical and bio-chemical deposition of carbonates Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 264 CCOP Technical Secretariat

268 d). Geohazards Geohazards which can have impacts on offshore areas of 0-100m water-depth include: earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunami, etc. The geohazards of meteorological hydrodynamic origin are mainly storm surges and high waves. The area is of high seismic risk (with magnitude in Richter scale, possible up to magnitude 7 in Richter scale) due to direct impacts of earthquake generating fault zones (Meridian 110, Ma river faults, etc.), as well as the risk of volcanic eruptions in the area of Phu Quy-Hon Hai islands. Most impacted will be offshore structures (oil and gas extraction facilities) and islands. - The Project: «Investigation, research, assessment and prediction of vulnerability of water and bottom sediment environment due to pollution in offshore areas of Vietnam (finalized in 2012). The characteristics of water environment and bottom sediment at the offshore areas of Vung Ang (Ha Tinh); Thu Bon river mouth, Cu Lao Cham (Quang Nam); Dung Quat (Quang Ngai); Thi Nai lagoon (Binh Dinh); Hau river mouth (Soc Trang) have been clarified. Total suspended solid was discovered in the beach of Vung Ang, Dung Quat and Thi Nai lagoon, and mercury contamination, radioactive and insecticides with chloride radical in the bottom sediment of Hau river mouth. - The Project: Geological and mineral investigation at 1/100,000 1/50,000 scales in Nga Son- Dien Chau coastal offshore area of 0 to 30m water depth (implemented in ). The field surveys were carried out from 2011 to June A set of original geophysical and geodetic data (high resolution seismic, marine magnetic, side scanned sonar data) in the offshore areas of Nga Son- Quang Thai has been acquired as the basis for detailed differentiation of seismic sequences related to stratigraphic units, to serve the geological and mineral investigations in the project area Activities carried out by VAST - Coastal zone programme: On 7 June 2012, at the Institute of Oceanology under the VAST, the opening ceremony of the exhibition room for the objects collected from offshore areas of Truong Sa and Hoang Sa archipelagos in the Sea Museum of the Institute of Oceanology was solemnly organized. For the first time the Exhibition Room displays diverse and ample collections of objects representing geology, mineral resources, bioresources and environment collected directly from the archipelago areas in the recent period. - Environmental geology programme: On November 2010, the Institute for Marine Resources and Environment under VAST in collaboration with the Geological Survey of Japan organized the Workshop on geoenvironment characteristics of the coastal area of the Red river delta. The Workshop was organised in Hai Phong city, funded by CCOP, the Workshop programme included a 3-day field excursion in the margin area of the Red river delta. - Geohazards programme: + The Institute of Geophysics under the VAST implemented and completed phase 1 of the Project "Modernization of the seismic station network for earthquake notification and tsunami warning in Vietnam". A survey has been carried out for selecting the sites for construction of 30 seismic stations, the equipment have been purchased, 9 wide range seismic stations of the Project have been put into operation. The Project is to be implemented during a 5 year period. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 265 CCOP Technical Secretariat

269 + From 8 to 10 November 2010, the Institute of Geophysics in collaboration with Geophysical Association of Vietnam organized successfully the 8th ASC General Assembly (ASC 2010) Mitigating seismic hazards and disasters in Asia. In the Assembly, 145 scientists from 32 countries participated together with 200 Vietnamese scientists with 128 papers presented. Besides, special training courses were organized before and after the Assembly with trainees from various countries and a scientific field excursion with hundreds of participants Proposed Future Activities - From 15 to 16 September 2011 VAST in conjunction with VASI of MONRE will organize the National Workshop on International cooperation in marine research and investigation ; - Continue phase 2 of Project "Modernization of the seismic station network for earthquake notification and tsunami warning in Vietnam"; - Construction of radioactive environment monitoring stations in areas with mineral deposits ( ) and carrying out long term monitoring; - Compilation of natural radiation background map of Vietnam at 1: 1,000,000 scale; - Investigation of geohazards in areas along Highway 7, Ca river, Nghe An province and the area along Highway 8, Ngan Pho river, Ha Tinh province; - Delineation of areas containing hazardous minerals and assessing their possible impacts on the environment in the territory of Vietnam (the mainland part) to serve the sustainable socio-economic development; - Continue implementing Component 1 of the Project Investigation of geological, geodynamic characteristics, mineral resources, geoenvironment and prediction of geohazards in offshore areas of Vietnam in the offshore area of Vietnam with m water depth, scale 1/500,000; - Research on the history of climate change and sea level rise in Late Pleistocene Holocene period and long-term prediction of their future impacts in Vietnam Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities - Investigation of geohazards in Vietnam. - Application of new technologies for investigation of marine resources and environment Assistance Offered to CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities Assist Cambodia in investigation on geology, mineral resources, environmental geology and geohazards in coastal and shallow offshore areas. Programme Contact Person: Dr. Quach Duc Tin, Director of Science, Technology and International Cooperation Department, General Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam. tindcmt@gmail.com Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 266 CCOP Technical Secretariat

270 GEO-INFORMATION SECTOR 5. GEO-DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME 5.1 Summary The geodata and information management activities are carried out by many organizations including the Centre for Information and Archives of Geology under the Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam, now the General Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam. 5.2 Annual Review of Technical Programmes / Activities - From the beginning of July 2010 to June 2012, in the project "Computerization of geological reports in the Geological Archives", GDGMV computerized 72 geological reports, bringing up the number of computerized geological reports to 1, From August 2011 to August 2012, Geological Archives received 100 basic geological investigation and mineral exploration reports, bringing up the number of geological reports in the Geological Archives to 3, Geoscience bibliography: the Geoscience bibliography has been continuously updated into the database of magazines and books directories in the Geological Library. 27,000 new bibliographic items were converted to SANGIS format developed by CCOP and CIFEG, so far 1,000 items have been updated. - Participated in the project "Development of the software to be used jointly for natural resource and environment sectors", geology and mineral component, disseminated the project results to Provincial Departments of Natural Resources and Environment. - Completed the plan for the project "Establishment of national database for geology and mineral resources" as a component in the project "Establishment of national database for natural resources and environment" to be implemented in period Completed the project Editing for publication of the 1/1,000,000 scale Geological and Mineral Resources map of Vietnam for integration with the International OneGeology program. - Application of IT in administrative reform. Updating regularly the website of GDGMV including the English version. - Publication of the Journal of Geology series A (in Vietnamese) and series B (in English) were on schedule; Completion of the publication of the Annual Report 2011 of GDGMV. 5.3 Proposed Future Activities - Implement the 5th year of the project "Computerization of geological reports in the Geological Archive" (5 years); - Implement phase 2 of the project "Establishment of national database for geology and mineral resources as a component in the project "Establishment of national database for natural resources and environment", to be implemented in ; - Participate in the implementation of the project Development of the Natural Resources and Environment Information Network" led by the Department of Information Technology; - Participate in the implementation of the project Construction of the electronic information portal of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment led by the Department of Information Technology; - Initiate 3 new projects to be implemented in period ; Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 267 CCOP Technical Secretariat

271 - Intensify the training and technology transfer to subordinate units of GDGMV. 5.4 Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities CCOP is requested to continue exchanging information, IT and software, to provide technical assistance in compilation and publication of geological and mineral resources maps at 1/ 1, to conform with the International OneGeology programme. 5.5 Assistance Offered to CCOP in Support of Future Activities Sharing experience in processing, synthesizing data to serve geological investigation and mineral assessment projects. Programme Contact Person: Mr. Tran Hong Hai, Director of the Centre for Information and Archives of Geology, GDGMV. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 268 CCOP Technical Secretariat

272 ANNEX VI COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia COOPERATING COUNTRIES AND ORGANIZATIONS REPORTS Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 269 CCOP Technical Secretariat

273 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia Cooperating Country Report of CANADA Submitted by Dr. Carmel Lowe Geological Survey of Canada (For Agenda Item 4) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 270 CCOP Technical Secretariat

274 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) , Fax: +66 (0) , Website: ANNUAL COOPERATING COUNTRY REPORT Country/Organization: CANADA Period: 1 July June Summary Natural Resources Canada (Geological Survey of Canada (GSC), Canada Centre for Remote Sensing (CCRS)) continues to engage in a number of formal bilateral projects with Japan, China and Korea, principally in the areas of remote sensing, energy and natural hazard research. It is developing new agreements with CCOP member countries, including Thailand, to expand collaborations in these research areas, as well as to initiate new partnerships in marine geohazards, geochemistry, 3-D geologic modeling and airborne geophysics. In addition, it continues to be engaged informally with member countries on a range of other geoscience and remote sensing issues. Canada actively supports the training of highly qualified personnel from CCOP member countries. 2. Review of current technical activities and geoscience programmes in the CCOP Region (Multilateral or Bilateral) CHINA Following the successful completion of a multi-year joint project between Natural Resources Canada and the China Geological Survey on the application of Canadian RADARSAT technology to the assessment of landslide hazard within China - specifically on the Danba landslide located west of Chengdu, Sichuan Province discussions on follow-up projects were advanced. A new agreement signed by both agencies in Canada in March, 2012 aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Chinese developed fibre optic landslide monitoring technology relative to more standard real-time monitoring technologies typically employed by geotechnical companies in Canada. The results of this project are expected to provide important guidance for the effective mitigation of these hazards in all landslide prone countries and also potentially enhanced marketing opportunities for the Chinese developed monitoring system. During the review period, a number of bilateral meetings between these agencies also explored the potential for collaboration in geochemistry, 3-D modeling and airborne geophysics and project proposals to advance these collaborations have been developed and are currently being reviewed by the agencies management. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 271 CCOP Technical Secretariat

275 Japan: Natural Resources Canada s CCRS continued collaboration with the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, JAXA, (formerly NASDA) on the utilization of synthetic aperature rader (SAR) satellite systems (e.g. Radarasat, ALOS-2) in the area of calibration/validation and in SAR Interferometry (InSAR) and discussions are underway to formalize collaboration on Earth Observation data exchanges. Collaborations were also on-going, principally through the Japan Oil, Gas and Metals Corporation (JOGMEC), on the study of terrestrial gas hydrates beneath the permafrost in Canada s Mackenzie Delta. During the review period, analysis and interpretations of the full suite of data generated by a 2007/08 production test were completed and a comprehensive account of the findings will be published as a Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin later this year. The production test, which demonstrated proof of concept of commercial-scale production rates from gas hydrates by controlled pressure drawdown has been successful in stimulating industry interest in this new energy resource. Both JOGMEC and Natural Resources Canada have been approached by private sector companies for advice on the design of follow-up industry-led gas hydrate production tests. Fertile collaborations also continued with Japan through a number of different agencies and universities on the hazard posed by subduction earthquakes and on detailed comparisons of the structures and geological processes active in the Nankai, Japan Trench and Cascadia subduction zones. Highlights for the review period include completion of Phase I of the SeaJade experiment in Cascadia (deployment of Japan s ocean bottom seismometers off Canada s west coast) and, as part of an IODP effort, deployment of marine borehole observatories based on Canadian technology in the Nankai subduction zone off southeast Japan. Both of these efforts were collaborations between Japan Agency for Marine Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) and the GSC with each party benefitting from the transfer of technologies. Results from the experiment are providing new insights into the deformation active in subduction zones during the inter-seismic phase of the earthquake cycle. Discussions on a successor to the SeaJade experiment were also advanced and are expected to culminate in a new agreement to be signed by JAMSTEC and GSC later this year. Understanding of the deformation and physical processes active during the co-seismic and post-seismic phases of the Tohoku earthquake and its devastating tsunami were advanced through informal partnerships between personnel at the GSC, Tohoku University and the University of Tokyo. KOREA A collaborative geoscience research agreement was signed between Natural Resources Canada and the Korean Polar Research Institute (KOPRI) in February, During the course of this review period the agencies made significant advances in the development of a new multi-year/multi-phase collaborative project on marine geohazards (also intended to include participation of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, the Monteray Bay Aquarium Research Institute and the United States Geological Survey). Specifically, technical meetings were held in Canada and Korea to define the goals, key elements and logistics for the first phase of the project which will take place in Canada s Beaufort Sea in 2013 using KOPRI s new state-of-art Polar Class 6 icebreaker, Araon. These goals include the identification and evaluation of marine geohazards (permafrost degradation, submarine landslides, gas release features, etc.), an assessment of the risks they pose to the sustainable development of offshore natural resources and the ways in which any such Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 272 CCOP Technical Secretariat

276 risks might best be mitigated. The study will also examine the extent to which climate change acts as a trigger or modifer of these natural hazards. In a separate and long standing collaboration with the Korean Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) Canada provided scientific advice in support of the second round of gas hydrate drilling that took place in the Ulleung Basin in summer The highly successful experiment is described in multi-authored Expedition Report recently published by KIGAM. In addition, Canada continued to contribute expertise in gas hydrate drilling and the interpretation of well log data to this initiative. The results of these contributions will be presented in a special publication of the journal of Marine Petroleum Geology tentatively scheduled for release in March TAIWAN Canada continues highly productive informal collaborations with the Central Weather Bureau, the National Central University and Academica Sinica in Taiwan on studies of the episodic tremor and slip phenomena and on the development and validation of seismic techniques for real-time landslide monitoring. THAILAND: Canada is engaged in discussions with the Thailand Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency (GISTDA) on developing a new Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) in the area of geospatial technology / remote sensing. The MOU would build on previous satellite/remote sensing collaborations that Canada has had with GISTDA dating back to the 1980 s. 3. Proposed future activities and assistance to CCOP in support to current and future activities Canada plans to continue the active transfer of domestically-developed technologies of interest and relevance to CCOP member countries, to engage in collaborative projects on issues of mutual interest and, to support the training of highly qualified personnel from the CCOP region in the geosciences and related fields. In particular, it is very pleased to be a contributor to the special workshop on Land Subsidence in Coastal Mega-Cities which will be held in Langkawi, Philippines on November 9, CHINA Meetings are planned between Canada and China Geological Survey to review progress on the co-operative landslide monitoring technology project and to hold an in-depth review of bilateral project proposals in the fields of geochemical research, 3-D geological modeling and airborne geophysics. Employees from the China Geological Survey will visit Canada in late November to install fibre-optic monitoring technology developed in China at a multi-instrumented landslide site in British Columbia. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 273 CCOP Technical Secretariat

277 Meetings are also planned with the Chinese Academy of Sciences to review progress on a current multi-national (Australia, Brazil, Canada and China) project focused on the use of remote sensing to monitor global change that was initiated in A secondary objective of these meetings is to gain an improved understanding of the S&T plans and priorities of the recently merged Centre for Earth Observation and Digital Earth and the Institute for Remote Sensing Application with a view to assessing future opportunities for collaboration. KOREA A Canadian mission to Korea is planned for November, 2012 to finalize and sign an agreement annex on the above-noted marine geohazards collaborative project. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 274 CCOP Technical Secretariat

278 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langawi, Malaysia Cooperating Country Report of FINLAND Submitted by ESKO KORKIAKOSKI (Lao PDR) PHILIPP SCHMIDT-THOMÉ (Vietnam) JUKKA LAUKKANEN (Mongolia) Geological Survey of Finland (For Agenda Item 4) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 275 CCOP Technical Secretariat

279 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) , Fax: +66 (0) , Website: ANNUAL COOPERATING COUNTRY REPORT Country/Organization: FINLAND Period: 1 July June Summary During the reporting period the Geological Survey of Finland undertook the following activities in the CCOP Region: 1. The Lao-Finnish Minerals Sector Institutional project (completed Dec 2011) 2. Mining Cadastre System project in Lao PDR (on going) 3. Climate change adaptation project in Vietnam (VIETADAPT) (on going) 4. Mineral processing in Mongolia (on going) 5. A Memorandum of Understanding with the China Geological Survey 6. Visiting Fellowship at the South East Asia Disaster Prevention Institute (SEADPRI) 2. Review of current technical activities and geoscience programmes in the CCOP Region (Multilateral or Bilateral) 2.1 Lao-Finnish Minerals Sector Institutional Project LAOFIMIN The overall objective of the LAOFIMIN project was to support the minerals sector development as a fundamental driver of the Lao s economy. This was done by strengthening the capacities of Mines and Geology Departments in the governance of national mineral resources in a sustainable and economically viable manner and using geoinformation as a decision making tool and for the promotion of minerals investments. The project was implemented by GTK with the Department of Mines (DOM) and the Department Geology (DGEO) of the Ministry of Energy and Mines as local partners. The duration of the project was 26 months (Sep Nov. 2011) and included 25 working months by GTK experts. The total budget was of ca It was financed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland. The project was successfully completed and consisted of four components: 1) Geoinformation and data management o Available spatial geodata sets were compiled into a geographically uniform and easy-to-use Lao GeoDataBase o Available geological maps were unified into ArcGIS format (partly digitized) o Selected staff members have capacities to use ArcGIS programme efficiently Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 276 CCOP Technical Secretariat

280 2) Training in GIS-aided geological mapping o Field training, geological mapping using GIS, satellite image interpretation 3) Mine Closure o Two guidebooks were prepared: (1) Handbook for Mine Closure and (2) the Principles of Mine Environmental and Social Monitoring 4) Promotion of minerals investment o Instructions of administrative procedures related to minerals sector development and licenses were compiled into leaflets and updated MEM websites o A promotional leaflet, Mining in Laos PDR, was prepared and published o The Lao PDR was incorporated into the international OneGeology portal, which is a worldwide compilation (currently 117 countries) of 1:1M scale geological maps providing countrywide geological maps through the internet to the public ( or The GTK server provides this service for Lao PDR 2.2 The Mining Cadastre System project in Lao PDR The Mining Cadastre System project in Lao PDR is a natural continuation of the LAOFIMIN project. It started in October 2011 and will continue for two years. Objectives of the project are to strengthen the cadastral organization and build a new cadastral system for the management of map data and to assess the current cadastre system in order to propose a uniform grid system to be used in Lao PDR. The implemented Lao Mining Cadastre System (MCS) is based on the Block system using a 200 m x 200 m grid (Cadastral Units -CUs), and is used to reserve areas for new concessions. The use of spatially a fixed CU grid prevents overlapping license areas. The project takes into consideration the revised Mining Laws, and the licensing practices in order to improve the coding system by assigning the unique identifier for each individual license or application. As a result, the new spatial database (MCS), based on the new coding system, has been prepared. During the project the existing prospecting, exploration and mining licenses have been transferred into uniform coordinate units and combined with the Lao GeoDataBase (Lao GDB) prepared by the LAOFIMIN project. They both are using the international ITRF96 coordinate system due to its compatibility with the WGS84 coordinate system and GPS. The spatial accuracy of the licenses on the cadastral block system based on fixed CUs is verified. The contract for the project between the Lao Ministry of Energy and Mines and GTK was signed on 15th of June, GTK, being active in Lao PDR for other Finnish funded projects, was selected as a consultant to the Mining Cadastre project using so called Single Source Selection. It is funded by the World Bank and the value of the contract is about USD , excluding the hardware and software purchased under a separate WB budget. The contract includes 7 working months for the GTK experts and includes collaboration with the Department of Mines (DOM) from the Ministry of Energy and Mines (MEM) and the Department of Geology and Minerals (DGM) from the new Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE). As a result of the revised administrative restructuring the granting of mineral rights in the Lao PDR was split last year into two parts. The prospecting, exploration and pre-feasibility licenses are granted by DGM while permit for the detailed feasibility study and the mining license are processed by DOM. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 277 CCOP Technical Secretariat

281 2.3 VIETADAPT project VIETADAPT - Development and implementation of climate change adaptation measures in coastal areas of Vietnam Project duration: October December 2013 Financial frame: Financed by: Finish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (ICI Funds) Overall VIETADAPT objective To contribute to the Vietnamese Climate Change Adaptation Strategy by developing adaptation measures in local planning procedures. Background: The coastal areas of Vietnam are developing strongly and growing in population Sea level rise is expected to lead to salinisation of groundwater aquifers Other climate change impacts might sseverely affect humans and ecosystems in the coastal areas. Activities Communication and dissemination of climate change adaptation in science-stakeholder cooperation Applying model predictions for coastal and off-shore planning Applying models and predictions to ensure drinking water supply Developing climate change and socio-economic scenarios for local climate change adaptation It is intended to hold workshops in combination with the CCOP annual meeting on the building of scenario workshops for climate change adaptation Partners: The Geological Survey of Finland (GTK) The Vietnam Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Environment (IMHEN) The Vietnamese Centre for Water Resources Planning and Investigation (CWRPI) Subcontractor: The Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) Associated partner (for regional dissemination and overall support): South East Asia Disaster Prevention Institute (SEADPRI) A Vietnamese delegation visited the final BaltCICA conference in January 2012 in Helsinki, Finland. The background of the project is largely based on achievements of the BaltCICA and by participating in the conference the Vietnamese partners had the chance to hold discussions directly with key scientists and decision makers. In addition, several workshops and training sessios were held. In April 2012 a first scenario workshops to identify climate change impacts and related vulnerabilities were held in Thanh Hoa and Vung Tau in Vietnam. The results of these workshops will be processed to identify potential adaptation options. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 278 CCOP Technical Secretariat

282 In September 2012 four young Vietnamese scientists participated in several training courses on groundwater modeling, and use of ArcGIS at the Geological Survey of Finland in Espoo. Further activities in 2012 comprise a workshop adjacent to the CCOP Annual Session in Langkawi, Malaysia. Background 2.4 Improvement of Mineral Processing Services of Central Geological Laboratory, Mongolia CHINGGISS PROCESS An overall need was recognised: to produce research information for the mineral sector of Mongolia - to be utilised in technical-economical evaluation of ore resources A need for better service capacity at the Central Geological laboratory (CGL) was identified particularly in the area of Mineral processing The project idea was proposed by CGL to the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland Purpose The main purpose was to improve the service capacity of the Mineral Processing laboratory of CGL Training of personnel Purchase of new equipment Overall, the purpose was to enhance the general service capacity of CGL by training in issues like governance, administration, information management, quality systems and reporting The project would also enhance cooperation and networking of CGL, and make the services of CGL better known Project scope: To develop methods and technologies for extracting valuable metals and minerals from their ores Project setup So-called ICI-project (Institutional Cooperation Instrument) between the Central Geological Laboratory (CGL) of Mongolia and the Geological Survey of Finland (GTK) Project is financed by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland Project duration is +1.5 years: Dec 2009 Sept 2011 Budget EURO Training periods in Finland and in Mongolia Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 279 CCOP Technical Secretariat

283 2.5 Development of research services for REE-ores at Central Geological Laboratory (CGL), Mongolia CHINGISS PROCESS II Background The CHINGISS PROCESS II project is a clear continuation for the CHINGISS PROCESS project described above. During the first collaborative project, a need for further development of research services was presented by CGL, and also identified by GTK s experts, focusing on the characterization and processing of REE ores. The high-tech elements, the Rare Earth Elements among them, are expected to be increasingly important in the future. Mongolia has a high potential for deposits of strategic minerals, REEs being a good example. The CHINGISS PROCESS II project would strengthen the knowledge and capabilities of both institutes (CGL and GTK) in the areas of REE s geology, mineralogy and processing. Purpose The main purpose was to improve the service capacity of the Mineral Processing laboratory of CGL Training of personnel Purchase of new equipment Another purpose was to enhance the general service capacity of CGL by training in issues like governance, administration, information management and reporting The project would also enhance cooperation and networking of CGL, and make the CGL services better known Mineral processing : methods and technologies for extracting REE-minerals Project setup So-called ICI-project (Institutional Cooperation Instrument) between the Central Geological Laboratory (CGL) of Mongolia and the Geological Survey of Finland (GTK) Project is financed by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland Project duration is 2.5 years: July December 2014 Budget EUROs Training periods in Finland and in Mongolia Implementation Two field trips to REE deposits in Mongolia has just been completed by Mongolian and Finnish geologists Mineral processing studies have been started The purchase of equipment has been started 3. Proposed future activities and assistance to CCOP in support of current and future activities Hold workshops on scenario building for climate change adaptation as a joint sciencestakeholder approach. The workshops are to be held in close connection with the CCOP annual meetings. To this end special funds have been reserved under the VIETADAPT project. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 280 CCOP Technical Secretariat

284 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia Cooperating Country Report of Germany Submitted by F. Schwarz Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, (BGR) Germany (For Agenda Item 4) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 281 CCOP Technical Secretariat

285 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) , Fax: +66 (0) , Website: ANNUAL COOPERATING COUNTRY REPORT Country/Organization: Germany, BGR Period: 1 July June Summary During 2010 and 2012 the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) has continued its activities in SE Asia with its local partners. In the Scientific-Technical Cooperation sector several projects are ongoing. BGR is cooperating with Indonesia in an Integrated Ocean Drilling Program. Scientific cooperation with the Chinese Ministry of Land and Resources (MLR) is realised with the Chinese Geological Survey in the areas of mineral and energy resources, management of geological data and data bank systems as well as CO 2 -storage (CCS) in geological formations. In the field of environmental geology specific hydro-geological aspects in areas of karst and georisk zoning, applying the multi hazard approach, were recently added. - Seismic risk analysis Yanqing with China and the Philippines in the Project Rift processes and basin development in the northern South China Sea (RISE) and furthermore in the multilateral project Groupe Recherche Industrie South China Sea. The Technical Cooperation sector comprises three projects funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ). One project is in Indonesia: - Good Local Governance: Component Mitigation of Georisks. In Vietnam the project Improvement of Groundwater Protection is ongoing. In 2011, BGR started a new project on Support for a sustainable Development of the Mining Sector in Lao PDR. 2. Review of current technical activities and geoscience programmes in the CCOP Region (Multilateral or Bilateral) People s Republic of China Geo-Information: Sino-German Cooperation in Geosciences between BGR and the Ministry of Land and Resources (MLR) BGR and MLR work together in accordance with the cooperation agreement signed in 1979, with The Chinese Geological Survey (CGS) as the partner institution for BGR. The exchange program for the Sino-German Scientific Knowledge Exchange Program is negotiated between the partner institutions and every two years a wide field of geo-scientific disciplines are covered. In the exchange period of 2010 and 2011, activities on Land subsidence and on the drilling data base ended. During the exchange period activities will continue on information technology systems, mineral and energy resources data and CO 2 storage in geological formations. Under the environmental geology topic, hydrogeological issues related to karst aquifers and geo-hazard zonation will be new tasks for knowledge exchange. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 282 CCOP Technical Secretariat

286 - Seismic risk analysis - Yanqing The Yanqing Project is a joint project of BGR and the Chinese Earthquake Administration (CEA). An array of 9 seismological 3-component broadband stations is being used to investigate the Yanqing-Huailai basin, a seismically active region about 80 km northwest of Beijing. The goals of the project are observation and analysis of near-field records for a better understanding of the source process and as a contribution to the seismic risk analysis of the Beijing region. As first steps the seismicity has been analyzed and local velocity models have been derived. Ongoing work aims at the further refinement of the velocity structure, the integration of neighboured stations of Chinese networks and the incorporation of geological (tectonic) models of the area into the interpretation of the observations. In October 2012 BGR experts will visit CEA for jointly coordinating the further course of the project. - Information technology. Based on cooperative results from , exchange in research on 3D applications and digital geo-information will continue in , specifically discussing standards and mechanisms for spatial data infrastructure. - The Mineral and Energy Theme Under the mineral and energy theme exchanges of data and policy information on mineral resources, supply-demand situation on selected mineral commodities and special metals for future technologies were conducted. The publication of the Report on Supply and Demand of Steel Alloy Metals (Manganese, Vanadium, Chromium and Molybdenum) in the world (including EU Countries and the PR China) is scheduled for the end of CO 2 Storage in Geological Formations. The CO 2 theme will continue in the next exchange period.. Based on cooperative results from 2009 to 2011, the two sides will study a large-scale CO 2 geological storage site in deep saline aquifers in the Ordos Basin of China. - Environmental Geology Under this new topic two areas have been identified. Information exchange is planned on specific issues related to karst hydrogeology, specifically numerical groundwater flow and transport modelling, geochemical modelling and monitoring systems. Geo-hazard assessment applying a multi hazard approach and hazard zonation in relation to regional and town planning are envisaged for exchange of experiences. Further activities could be specified during a first visit to China by a joint BGR mission of the two sections in Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 283 CCOP Technical Secretariat

287 Geo-Environment: Investigations for the final disposal of radioactive waste Based on the Memorandum of Understanding between BGR and BRIUG signed in 2010, the work is continually focused on: - the methodological study of site characterisation, - the study of the stability of underground excavations and underground repositories, - the study of the mechanical and hydraulical properties of the granite of the Beishan site in China, - the study of migration of radio nuclides in fractured rock. 3D numerical calculations were carried out by the BGR using code OpenGeoSys. These calculations consider the whole disposal system for the optimisation of the vertical tunnel-borehole disposal concept. The results of these 3D calculations were analysed in comparison with the 2D calculation results from BRIUG. The results will be published in the coming international conference IRSM 2011 in Beijing. A workshop within the EC-PEBS project was held in Beijing. The long-term thermo-hydro-mechanical and chemical behaviour of bentonite was discussed based jointly on the laboratory, mock-up and in-situ measured results. Additionally, the Chinese partner is preparing the data from the deep borehole measurement from the Beishan site for BGR, which is necessary for the construction up of a geological model. Geo-Resources: Rift processes and basin development in the northern South China Sea (RISE) The joint research project in cooperation between BGR and Second Institute of Oceanography (SIO), Hangzhou, P.R. China continued with Dr. Weiwei Ding from SIO visiting BGR as a guest scientist for 6 months in 2010/2011. During his stay data from the South China Sea were jointly interpreted. Geo-Resources: Rift processes and basin development in the northern South China Sea (RISE) The joint research project in cooperation between BGR and Second Institute of Oceanography (SIO), Hangzhou, P.R. China continued with Dr. Weiwei Ding from SIO visiting BGR as a guest scientist for 6 months in 2010/2011. During this stay data from the South China Sea were jointly interpreted. Indonesia Geo-Environment: Good Local Governance: Component Mitigation of Georisks The Technical Cooperation project Mitigation of Georisks between the Indonesian Geological Agency of Indonesia (GAI) and BGR started in 2002 and was extended in The project was originally implemented as a component of an existing GIZ project on civil society and inter-municipal co-operation for strengthening good local governance and is now executing the third phase which is envisaged to end in June Its objective is to strengthen the service provision of GAI in the georisk sector by supporting the fields of landslide hazard assessment, seismic microzonation, risk assessment and risk-sensitive spatial planning. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 284 CCOP Technical Secretariat

288 Within the framework of the project, the GAI-CCOP-BGR Workshop on Landslides in Southeast Asia: Management of a Prominent Hazard was held from 28 th of November until 1 st of December 2011 in Bandung, Indonesia. Participants from more than 10 countries seized the chance to have fruitful scientific and governmental exchanges of information on topics ranging from landslide hazard assessment to remote sensing as well as GISapplications and conducting related disaster management. Laos Geo-Resources: Support for a Sustainable Development of the Mining Sector Starting in June 2011 the Long term project Support for Sustainable Development of the Mining Sector provides support for the Department of Mines Lao (DOM) and the Department of Energy and Mines Lao (PDEM). During the first three year phase the project aims to enable the mine and environmental divisions of DOM and local governments of selected provinces to fulfil their tasks in the fields of mining project assessments and mines inspection (mine safety, labor/health and environmental protection) and to establish a legal framework for mines inspection. The project contributes: technical consultancy, training, equipment and international long and short term consultants. The project aims to encourage the: improvement of health and safety of workers and local communities in mining areas, reduction of environmental damage caused by mining operations, enhancing the potential for creating economic and social benefits for state, region or communities, improvement of resources-use-efficiency (e. g. recovery of valuable minerals, energy, water, reagents) and implementation of risk management strategies based on valid data. In the long term, the project aims to contribute to more transparent and sustainable governance and management of the mining sector in general. Vietnam Geo-Environment: Improvement of Groundwater Protection The aim of the project carried out by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE) and its subordinate Centre for Water Resources Planning and Investigation, (CWRPI) in cooperation with the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) is the improvement of groundwater protection in Vietnam. Based on enhanced investigation, modeling, planning and management of groundwater resources exercised first in pilot areas, integrated water resources management should improve the quantity and quality of the groundwater as a main source for drinking water. Great importance is being accorded in this context to the establishment of groundwater protection areas and the embedding of protection aspects in regional planning. The objective of the 1st implementation period was to support CWRPI and selected DONREs in capacity building towards Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). Focus of the 2nd implementation period is the improvement of Groundwater Investigation, Planning and Management in CWRPI and selected DONREs. The project started in 6/2009. The first phase ended in 12/2010 (1.5 years). The second phase is envisaged as lasting until mid 2014 (3.5 years). Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 285 CCOP Technical Secretariat

289 Geo-Resources: Support for a mines inspectorate Starting in September 2004, the Technical Cooperation project Support for a mines inspectorate aimed to support the Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam (DGMV) to establish a Mines or Mineral Inspectorate, provide basic and further training in the fields of mining and processing of minerals, mining regulations, safety operations, work safety, health protection, mine surveying, data processing and environmental protection for Vietnamese counterparts. The project has also included an elaboration of an Investor s Guide for Vietnam s extractive industries sector. The project phased was out in Proposed future activities and assistance to CCOP in support to current and future activities Geo-Environment: CCOP Workshop on Groundwater Management - Vietnam BGR envisages conducting a workshop in cooperation with CCOP on Groundwater Management in Vietnam at the end of 2013/ beginning of The aim of the workshop is to facilitate exchange of experience among CCOP member countries regarding Groundwater Management. In cooperation with the BGR project partner Centre of Water Resources Planning and Investigation (CWRPI) the project concepts and results of the Vietnamese - German Technical cooperation project Improvement of Groundwater Protection in Vietnam could be presented and project activities in the project pilot area Nam Dinh demonstrated. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 286 CCOP Technical Secretariat

290 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia Cooperating Country Report of Netherlands Submitted by F. Schwarz Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, (BGR) Germany (For Agenda Item 4) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 287 CCOP Technical Secretariat

291 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) COOPERATING COUNTRY REPORT The Netherlands Geological Survey of The Netherlands (GSN) and Deltares Geological Survey of the Netherlands (GSN), formally under TNO (Netherlands Organisation of Applied Research) Information management tasks for the Netherlands territory Oil & Gas, deep subsurface (CO2 storage, etc.) Deltares, the autonomous knowledge institute for delta technology, including many geoscience aspects of delta and coastal areas applied research and advisory tasks in delta s, coastal lowlands, river basins International cooperation Knowledge transfer and training partner organisations Specialist advisory services (Hydraulic/offshore engineering, Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 288 CCOP Technical Secretariat

292 THE DUTCH: WATER, SUBSURFACE, COASTAL Focus of Dutch collaboration is on WATER, in the Water Mondiaal programme 1. Vietnam, with a focus on the Mekong Delta, 2. Indonesia; with a focus on the greater Jakarta Ciliwung delta area, 3. Bangladesh, Dhaka; water management and water supply 4. Thailand; following Bangkok floods Associated issues: general environmental and geoscience topics: water hazards (i.e. floods, tsunami, drought) disaster risk reduction (DRR) use of groundwater and underground storage, subsidence IWRM in coastal and delta zones. Cooperation projects in Vietnam Projects and collaboration with partners: Hanoi: MARD, MONRE IWRP, NRSC, IMHEN Hanoi Water Resources Univ. Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam National Univ. VNU - WACC; SIWRR, SIWRP DWRPIS, Steering Centre for Flood Control - HCMC Provincial PC s Can Tho University & Dutch and/or International Consultants Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 289 CCOP Technical Secretariat

293 Some projects in Vietnam Mekong Delta Plan; long-term integrated Master Plan for climate adaptation, water and flood management and sustainable economic development. Ho Chi Minh City Flood and inundation management; Technical Assistance project to develop effective flood management strategies for the greater HCM City area, including the development of a flood model, assessment of current and future land subsidence, evaluation of technical infrastructure measures, institutional strengthening and capacity building. Ho Chi Minh City Moving towards the sea; Technical Assistance project to develop and introduce climate adaptation concepts and measures in urban planning, including improved urban water management. Supporting studies and collaboration with local R & D institutes; on groundwater management, water quality, land subsidence in the delta, capacity development for higher education and applied research, modeling tools. SYNTHESIS DOCUMENT 8 Supporting sectoral reports with concise summaries ± 350 pages of documentation Reference & source materials Community of experts Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 290 CCOP Technical Secretariat

294 Dam & Dike inspection & monitoring; integrated methodology Remote sensing survey Airborne survey Monitoring from space Ground survey In Vietnam there is large demand (++ dam locations) and serious concern Innovative and state-of-the-art data collection methods (Netherlands-based) Combination of different & complementary techniques to obtain maximum result Knowledge transfer and staff training; technology transfer Versatile information access and use, on PC or personal device in user-oriented format Open Access data sharing Cost recovery on tailored information products Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 291 CCOP Technical Secretariat

295 The HCMC Flood and Inundation (HCMC-FIM) project Steering Centre for Flood Control institutional support, knowledge transfer, training Flood model and flood management strategy Evaluation of hydraulic structures and Master Plans DỰ ÁN CHỐNG NGẬP KHU VỰC THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH Input for flood & climate robust urban planning Analysis of current and future land subsidence The project area Hydraulic model includes Saigon, Vam Co and Dong Nai rivers, sea level, tides rainfall topography Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 292 CCOP Technical Secretariat

296 HCMC SUBSIDENCE MODEL RESULTS applied in flood model > future flood vulnerability Current land subsidence areas derived from the InSAR study Future subsidence (2025), with major areas >0,5 m, up to 1,8 m lower. UNIVERSITY capacity building Nuffic NICHE Capacity Building for Higher Education Three major projects (HCMC, Hue and Hanoi) 3 x 2,5 M Euro funding, 4-5 year projects Prioritised topics: water management, climate change adaptation, disaster reduction Investment in local educational capacity, facilities, systems research VNU-HCMC WACC HWRU Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 293 CCOP Technical Secretariat

297 Indonesia; Jakarta and Coastal Lowlands Jakarta Coastal Defence Strategy project: focus on identifying sustainable solutions for coastal defence for Jakarta Subsidence (groundwater extraction, infastructure development Rising sea level, poor coastal defense, land reclamation Floods from river basin (urbanization, climate change Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 294 CCOP Technical Secretariat

298 Coastal lowlands management Peat and Lowland Resources and Action Planning for the Implementation of a National Lowland Strategy. Quick Assessment and Nationwide Screening (QANS) This project assesses the limitations and possibilities for sustainable development of Low-lying areas, often with significant peat soils in view of CO2 emissions and subsidence risks associated with water table lowering and deforestation. BANGLADESH DELTA PROGRAMMA DELTA MANAGEMENT, including: Water safety and flood management, including subsidence studies for Dhaka Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) and water supply issues Delta sustainability, climate change adaptation and quality of the environmental system Knowledge transfer and training Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 295 CCOP Technical Secretariat

299 THAILAND: BANGKOK FLOODING Currently, bilateral cooperation activities with Thailand are being revived after the November 2011 floods. In 2012 projects are prepared that include: Integrated Flood Management 1. Greater Bangkok area Master Plan support (including flood risk & operational management, adaptation to climate change, land subsidence 2. Flood inundation modelling for Lower and Middle Chao Phraya basin 3. Conceptual Plan study for WRM and Flood Risk Management HIGH LEVEL CONSULTATION ON EMERGENCY MEASURES Advising PM Yingluck (Nov. 2011) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 296 CCOP Technical Secretariat

300 Bangkok floods: levee breach To conclude: OPPORTUNITIES CCOP Countries and The Netherlands: cooperation opportunities 1. National priorities and project focus 2. Regional partnerships: with national agencies and also with Japan, China, Singapore organisations 3. Water and subsurface issues (subsidence, groundwater, geohazards 4. Knowledge development and transfer, (software) tool development 5. KGB formula: Knowledge, Government, Business partners 6. Joint financing, but active participation from ADB, Worldbank and other international funds Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 297 CCOP Technical Secretariat

301 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 49 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia Cooperating Country Report of Norway Submitted by Per Blystad Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (For Agenda Item 4) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 298 CCOP Technical Secretariat

302 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) , Fax: +66 (0) , Website: ANNUAL COOPERATING COUNTRY REPORT Country/Organization: NORWAY Period: 1 July June Summary The last two years have been active years in the cooperation between CCOP and Norway. The main activities have been implementation of workshops and seminars of the Enhanced Public Petroleum Management Project (EPPM). The activities in EPPM Project 1 and EPPM Project 3 are reported here. The extensive activities of Petrad, including those that are part of the EPPM P2 project, are reported separately. There has also been activity on several bilateral projects with different CCOP Member Countries. 2. Review of current technical activities and geosciences programmes in the CCOP Region (Multilateral or Bilateral) a) Program on Enhancing Public Petroleum Management of the CCOP Member Countries (EPPM Program) The EPPM Program was approved by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) and an agreement between CCOP and MFA was signed on 10 th July The project period is 1. July June 2012 and the budget is NOK 15 million. The goal of the programme is to create the highest possible value for society from petroleum resources in order to improve the quality of life of the people in the CCOP member Countries. The objectives of the Programme are: 1. To enhance the capability and capacity of Member Countries in assessment of the undiscovered petroleum resources with focus on natural gas. 2. To enhance the capacity and capability of member Countries in natural gas development and clean development mechanism and environmental issues. 3. To set up an easily accessible metadata on natural gas resources of the CCOP Countries for knowledge sharing and preservation on natural gas resource exploration, exploitation and environmental impact mitigation. The EPPM project comprises three main areas, addressed in three projects: Project 1 (P1): Petroleum Resource Management with focus on Natural Gas; Project 2 (P2): Natural Gas Field Developments and Environmental Issues; and Project 3 (P3): Metadata on Natural Gas Resources of the CCOP Region. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 299 CCOP Technical Secretariat

303 The EPPM project is implemented in cooperation with the NPD, supporting the activities under the P1 and P3 projects, and Petrad, supporting the P2 project. Agreement on cooperation between CCOP and NPD, and between CCOP and Petrad where signed 9 th October The project also includes a Feasibility study on Networking of Petroleum Geosciences Institutes and Petroleum Geosciences Organizations in the CCOP Member Countries. The networking study has been carried out by the Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (SEADPRI-UKM), who was commissioned to conduct the project and CCOP Technical Secretariat in a collaborative effort. A report of the study is now available at the CCOP TS. During the reporting period, a total of eight capacity building workshops have been conducted; three for project P1, three for project P3, and two for project P2. Details of the P2 projects will be reported separately by Petrad. In addition three Program Seminars have been carried out, two planning meetings for Case studies, and one special training course. The workshops for P1 and P3 were as follows: The third workshop of P1 (P1W3): North Sumatra Mergui Basin Case Study: Basin Modelling, Map Integration and Fractured Basement, was carried out in Langkawi, Malaysia 2 nd to 5 th August From CCOP MC a total of 42 persons were attending the workshop. In addition 2 persons from ASCOPE attended. Resource persons from Norway were Mr. Arne Forsberg from Statoil ASA and Mr. Knut Henrik Jakobsson, NPD. The workshop covered basin modelling with focused on all geologic elements and the processes involved for hydrocarbon accumulation. The PetroMod 1D (express freeware) of IES was used as the basin modelling tool for the workshop and was supported by case studies from Malaysia s basins and other basins of the world. In addition a presentation of a case study from Vietnam on Fractured basement was given. Status on updated and integrated data for the basin study was presented by the three case-study countries. The workshop was finished by a one-day excursion/field work on fractured basement in Langkawi area. The fourth workshop of P1 (P1W4): North Sumatra Mergui Basin Case Study: Workshop on Seismic Stratigraphy and Petroleum Play concepts was carried out in Chiang Mai, Thailand 21 st to 25 th February, The workshop covered seismic stratigraphy and common risk segment maps as well as Petroleum System assessment and Play/Prospect analysis. The case study countries presented the update of the accomplished work and the plans forward. The workshop was finished with a one day excursion/field work in the Chiang Mai area. From CCOP a total of 33 persons from the CCOP Member Countries participated as well as representatives from ASCOPE. Resource person from Norway was Mr. Knut Henrik Jakobsson, NPD. The fifth workshop of P1 (P1W5): North Sumatra Mergui Basin Case Study: Workshop on Petroleum Play and Prospect analysis was carried out in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 12 th to 14 th October, Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 300 CCOP Technical Secretariat

304 The workshop covered petroleum prospect and petroleum play analysis. Totally 35 participants attended the workshop. Program director Gunnar V. Soiland from NPD was resource person. Prior to the workshop a coordination meeting between the three case study countries Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand was held. The workshop was finished with a one day geological excursion in the area around Yogyakarta. The fourth workshop of P3 (P3W4): Workshop and training in the new version of CCOP Geo-information Metadata System (GIMS) in cooperation with the CCOP Metadata Phase 2 Group, was carried out in Shanghai, China, 20th to 22nd July From CCOP Member Countries a total of 33 persons participated. The objectives of the workshop is to further train the participants in the usage of the GIMS, developed by the China Geological Survey (CGS) for the Project, including data entry and metadata management. The workshop tested the new version of the software, developed after the P3W3 held in Pattaya. Feedback on experience with use of the software is considered for incorporation in the next version of the GIMS. The GIMS software will be hosted at a server in CCOP TS to avail further testing of the software after the workshop. The fifth workshop of P3 (P3W5): Workshop/training for Metadata encoder and data managers using the new CCOP GIMS was carried out in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 17th to 19th January The objective is to further enhance the knowledge of data managers and encoders from the Member Countries participating in the EPPM Program P3 on the new CCOP Geoinformation Metadata System (GIMS) that is developed by the China Geological Survey (CGS). The training was based on the latest version of the software. The data used for the training was real data selected by and from the member countries. It was agreed that the country teams will continue to load their own data using GIMS. Clarification of different terms was discussed and changes/improvements were agreed upon. From CCOP Member Countries a total of 25 persons participated. The sixth workshop under P3 (P3W6): Workshop on Metadata management Systems was carried out in Phnom Penh, 15 th 17 th March The objective of the workshop was to further enhance the knowledge of data managers and encoders from the Member Countries on database management. From Norway Mr. Knut Henrik Jakobsson from NPD participated. From CCOP Member Countries a total of 40 persons participated In conjunction with the sixth workshop, a two days training course on usage of GIMS was organised for Cambodia, Lao-PDR, Timor Leste and Myanmar prior to the workshop. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 301 CCOP Technical Secretariat

305 Under project P2, two workshops have been carried out: EPPM P2W5: Mapping of CCS Potential Reservoir and Selection Criteria & CCOP-ASCOPE-PETRAD Meeting to develop a CO2-CCS Regional Program, Bali, Indonesia, and EPPM P2W6: Workshop on developing strategies for public awareness and acceptance of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) into geological reservoirs, Bangkok, Thailand. These will be reported separately by Petrad. The third EPPM Program Seminar (S3): National Program addressing the Climate Change issues - Role of Geosciences, was organised in Bangkok, 11th -12th November 2010 with representatives from the CCOP member Countries and from NPD, Norway. The fourth EPPM Program Seminar (S4): Seminar/Workshop on the UN Classification System for Oil & Gas and Mineral Resources was organized in Bangkok, Thailand 10 th -11 th February The fifth EPPM Program Seminar (S5): Seminar/Workshop on How should Governments Manage the End of Concession Period and Decommissioning of Oil and Gas Installations? was organized in Bangkok, Thailand 12 th 14 th June, b) Tsunami Risk Assessment and Mitigation in South and South East Asia. The project was initiated after the catastrophic tsunami that followed a large earthquake offshore Sumatra in December The Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI) have cooperated with CCOP and with CCOP Member Countries in tsunami related issues. Phase I of the project was concluded early 2006 and Phase II was concluded at the end of Preparatory work for a Phase III was initiated by CCOP and NGI, but due to lack of funding the work was terminated. c) Development of Cambodia s Oil and Gas Sector In December 2010, OfD made the decision to refrain from starting new programmes in Cambodia for the time being. The target date for production start in 2012 necessitates focused attention on short-term activities rather than long term capacity building within the CNPA. To this end, hands-on practical training for CNPA staff and representatives from the Ministry of Finance will be provided through on-going UNDP and World Bank programmes, partly funded by OfD. d) Development of Management Systems on Safety and Pollution Control in the Vietnamese Petroleum Industry, Phase III The objectives are to establish a sustained process for further development of health, safety and environmental management in the Vietnamese petroleum industry to minimize the risk of personnel injuries, major accidents and environmental damage. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 302 CCOP Technical Secretariat

306 Phase III aims at implementation of the Safety Management Regulation and accompanying guidelines. Petrovietnam is the cooperating institution in this project. The total budget for Phase III is NOK 7.1 million. Phase III project started in 2008 and was concluded in The project has been completed very successfully and the goals have been reached. The following activities have been carried out: Activity 1 Baseline Study Activity 2 Development of HSE planning Activity 3 Development of HSE Auditing Activity 4 Risk Based Inspection/Maintenance Guidelines Activity 5 HSE recording Incident/Accident Reporting Guidelines Activity 6 Data Control System and database Activity 7 Development of Emergency Response Management Activity 8 Oily and Hazardous Management guidelines Activity 9 Document Control Procedure Activity 10 Assistance to implementation of HSE Management System An Experience Transfer Conference was organized in Da Nang City in October This aims at relevant organizations in Petrovietnam. The total cost for the full project, including Phase I, II and III, is approximately NOK 54 million (equivalent to USD 9 million at exchange rate of 6 NOK/USD). The project has been evaluated and concluded as very successful. The evaluation report can be found here: b01. e) Assistance in developing the management of petroleum in Timor-Leste The goal of the project is to assist the Government of Timor-Leste in managing the petroleum activities in such a way that the petroleum sector delivers the greatest possible benefit to the people of Timor-Leste. The purpose is to increase competence and capacity of the authorities of Timor-Leste such that the public sector can manage all petroleum activities, in particular within technical, legal, health, safety and environment (HSE) compliance, and in revenue management. Project period: Total budget: NOK 67.2 million Cooperating institutions: Timor-Leste State Secretariat for Natural Resources (SERN) Timor-Leste Ministry of Finance (MoF) Timor-Leste State Secretariat for the Environment (SEMA) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 303 CCOP Technical Secretariat

307 Cooperating institutions in Norway: Ministry of Petroleum and Energy Ministry of Finance Ministry of the Environment Norwegian Petroleum Directorate The programme consists of the following main components: Resource management including data management and legal advice Revenue management Financial management Environmental management Education and training Technical assistance KEY ACHIEVEMENTS IN 2010 Timor-Leste achieved the status of an EITI compliant country in July The long-standing legal challenge of compelling taxpayers to maintain copies of their books and records in Timor-Leste to facilitate audit of oil companies, was resolved in A comprehensive audit of selected taxpayers started in November A record amount of USD 36.7 million was collected in audit revenue in An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was carried out for the first two drilling activities in Timor-Leste Exclusive Area. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between SEMA/DNMA and SERN/ANP was signed in December 2010 for cooperation in HSE matters. A Timorese Master student on Norwegian scholarship graduated from the University of Stavanger and was appointed Acreage Release & Promotion Director at ANP in May KEY ACHIEVEMENTS IN 2011 Knowledge of sustainable petroleum management was improved due to capacity building and support in the fields of evaluation of resources and reserves, production strategy, field development concept, the issue of flaring of associated gas and fiscal metering. An amended Petroleum Fund law, including a new investment policy that allows for a higher degree of diversification, was approved. Four master students graduated from Norwegian universities in 2011 and took up important positions in Timor-Leste governmental institutions. The State Secretariat for Environment National Department (DNMA) received basic training in environmental management and environmental data management in the petroleum sector. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 304 CCOP Technical Secretariat

308 3. Proposed future activities and assistance to CCOP in support to current and future activities a. A request for extension of the EPPM project P1: North Sumatra Mergui Basin Case Study, into a Phase II. Extension is both geographically, to cover Myanmar part of the basin and also time wise to incorporate participation of personnel from Myanmar. Un-utilized funds from the EPPM project are proposed to be used for this extension. b. A post-eppm project activity, following up on Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) issues that were introduced during the EPPM Project, is currently being developed by the CCOP TS in close cooperation and consultation with the Member Countries and with several international expert centers. The project will focus upon creating an Atlas of CO 2 storage potential in the CCOP region. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 305 CCOP Technical Secretariat

309 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia Cooperating Country Report of UNITED KINGDOM Submitted by Mike Patterson / British Geological Survey Keyworth, Nottingham (For Agenda Item 4) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 306 CCOP Technical Secretariat

310 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) , Fax: +66 (0) , Website: ANNUAL COOPERATING COUNTRY REPORT Country/Organization: UK/BGS Period: 1 July June Summary During the reporting period BGS saw the successful completion of a 5-year geological mapping and mineral potential assessment project of the Papua New Guinea Highlands (GEOMAP), undertaken in partnership with Deutsche Montan Technologie GmbH and the Council for Geoscience SA, with funding from the EDF. Details of this project and its outputs have been given in previous submissions. A 3-year geochemical mapping assistance project in Nigeria (WB-funded) was competed in July The only other major geological mapping project remaining is that currently being conducted in the United Arab Emirates for the UAE Ministry of Energy, which is due to complete in November A major landslide in August 2010 at Zhouqu, a county town in SW Gansu Province, China led to much speculation on the causes of the disaster, with deforestation, hydropower development and mining all being blamed. Following an invitation from Professor Meng Xingmin of Lanzhou University, a number of UK researchers visited the area in November 2010 in order to apply a more rigorous scientific approach to the question. BGS in partnership with two UK universities was successful in securing Urgency Grant funding from the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) to support field data collection, modeling and preliminary geohazard assessment. The specific BGS contribution involved developing preliminary process models and constructing a geohazard risk distribution map for the Zhouqu area (see illustration below). A principal conclusion that can be drawn from the study is that there is a complex pattern of landform evolution in the region that strongly influences landslide and debris flow potential. A new company was formed in December 2010 by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), of which the BGS is a component institute. The company is registered as IGS (International Geoscience Services) Ltd but has a five-year renewable licence issued by NERC to trade as BGS International. The new company is located on the BGS site at Keyworth, under the leadership of its Managing Director (David Ovadia, formerly Director of BGS Resources & Business), Technical Director (Bill McCourt, formerly Head of BGS International Business Development), and Commercial Director (Peter Zawada). The Executive Director of BGS, John Ludden, is a non-executive director on the Board of BGS International, and BGS, through NERC, owns 67% of the shares in the Company at the present time. The role of BGS International is to take forward the externally funded overseas geological mapping and capacity building previously carried out by BGS in-house, and to do so at more competitive prices and with greater flexibility. It has access to current and past BGS staff, and to other associates from the international geoscience community. BGS International, rather than BGS itself, will in future be submitting tenders for projects funded through the World Bank and others. BGS will continue to pursue its research interests globally, but funded from its own budgets. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 307 CCOP Technical Secretariat

311 Risk map showing buildings and infrastructure susceptible to future debris flow activity in the Sanyayu and Luojiayu valleys, Ghansu Province, China. the town of Zhouqu appears bottom left. 2. Review of current technical activities and geosciences programmes in the CCOP Region (Multilateral or Bilateral) With the completion of the PNG GEOMAP project in March 2011, BGS has no other ongoing geological mapping or mineral assessment projects in the CCOP Region. The Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) provided Urgency Grant funding at short notice in order for BGS to undertake a field-based study of the geological background to the Japan tsunami of 11 March Three visits to Japan were undertaken by Professor David Tappin, BGS s principal Marine Geohazards expert, accompanied on two of these by Hannah Jordan (Coastal Geomorphologist) and on one by Dr. Colm Jordan (Remote Sensing Geologist). Three peer reviewed papers have so far resulted, together with the publication of a short non-technical paper in July 2011 (all listed under section 4 below). Studies under the present funding arrangement are due to continue during The principal objectives of the researches are to investigate the impact of the tsunami on the coast and the extent and type of deposits and indicators left by the tsunami before they are destroyed. A further objecting is to develop a mapping methodology using high resolution satellite imagery uploaded onto a tablet PC developed by BGS for digital field data capture. This methodology was used on the ground to map the tsunami deposits, together with information on run-up, flow depths and flow direction, landslides, liquefaction, and general damage. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 308 CCOP Technical Secretariat

312 David Tappin was invited to present an intensive training course on Coastal Geology and Coastal Geohazard organised by the International School for Geoscience Resources of KIGAM. The course took place during September 2011 at Daejeon, Korea. A Hazards Workshop, entitled Tsunami disasters: how effective has science been for mitigation planning and disaster relief?, was held at University College London on 6-7 September BGS continues to take an active interest in technical issues related to carbon capture and storage, particularly in China, where we currently maintain links with the Chinese Academy of Sciences, LinksChina Investment Advisory Limited (LC), and other agencies. BGS has undertaken research on CO 2 storage since Our carbon dioxide storage team consists of over 22 staff skilled in storage capacity estimation, storage site characterization and development, application of monitoring technologies to storage sites, analysis of geochemical and geo-mechanical processes and related storage project reviews. A member of BGS staff (Ceri Vincent) was invited by the Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology (CEEP-BIT), to attend the China-Australia Geological Storage of CO 2 Technical Symposium at Beijing on April 2012, where she made a presentation on Challenges of CCS in developing economics: a comparison of CC projects in China and South Africa. Funding was provided by CEEP-BIT. Ceri Vincent has also been invited to speak at a conference hosted by the Ministry of Science and Technology in Beijing on October BGS maintains its close involvement in One Geology and in this respect provided two representatives to attend a One Geology Steering Group meeting in Tokyo in September Proposed future activities and assistance to CCOP in support to current and future activities BGS will continue to develop its capability in the area of carbon capture and storage (CCS) and is keen to secure funding for CCS projects in the CCOP region. BGS has been awarded funding by its parent body (NERC) to undertake a two-year project aimed at making our database designs freely available to all via the BGS website. We are currently seeking project partners, including CCOP member countries, who are interested in trying our designs and would benefit from BGS help on implementing and amending such designs. We are not looking for any financial contributions and we would like to hear from anyone with a geological or technical interest in how geological data is captured. Further information can be obtained at: Other areas in which BGS continues to develop its expertise include shale gas prospecting, underground disposal of radioactive waste, marine geoscience, mineral commodities resource security, volcanology and seismology, and databasing. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 309 CCOP Technical Secretariat

313 4. Reports/publications of technical activities for dissemination to CCOP Member Countries including contributions to GRID-Net BGS personnel are indicated in bold characters Cook, C.G., Jones, R.T., Langdon, P.G., Leng, M.J. & Zhang, E New insights on Late Quaternary Asian palaeomonsoon variability and the timing of the Last Glacial Maximum in southwestern China. Quaternary Science Reviews, 30 (7/8), Densmore, A.L., Li, Y., Richardson, N.J., Zhou, R., Ellis, M. & Zhang, Y The role of Late Quaternary upper-crustal faults in the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 100 (5B), Evans, H., Tappin, D. & Jordan, C Waiting for the next big wave. Planet Earth, summer 2012, (Short, popular feature describing BGS field work in Japan following the tsunami): Goto, K., Chague-Goff, C., Fujino, S., Goff, J., Jaffe, B. E., Nishimura, Y., Richmond, B., Sugawara, D., Szczucinski, W., Tappin, D. R., Witter, D. R. & Yulianto, E New insights of tsunami hazard from the 2011 Tohoku-oki event. Marine Geology, 290 (1-4), Li, J., Riding, J.B., Cheng, J. & He, C Latest Jurassic< earliest Cretaceous (Tithonian< Berriasian) dinoflagellate cysts from the Yanshiping Group of the northern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau (Tibet), western China. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 166 (1/2), O'Dochartaigh, B.E., MacDonald, A.M., Darling, W.G., Hughes, A.G., Li, J.X. & Shi, L.A Determining groundwater degradation from irrigation in desert-marginal northern China. Hydrogeology Journal, 18 (8), Pitfield, P.E.J.; Brown, T.J.; Idoine, N.E Mineral information and statistics for the BRIC countries Keyworth, Nottingham: British Geological Survey, 119 pp (The BRIC countries are made up of Brazil, Russia, India and China, which are important emerging economies in the global market. This report presents production and trade data over a 10 year time period with extended commentary and analysis, and can be freely downloaded as a PDF: ) Tappin, D. R The March 2011 Japan tsunami. Teaching Earth Sciences, 36 (2), 7-9. ( ) Vincent, C., Poulsen, N.E., Rongshu, Z., Shifeng, D., Mingyuan, L. & Guosheng, D Evaluation of carbon dioxide storage potential for the Bohai Basin, north-east China. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 5 (3), Vincent, C., Zheng, R., Chen, W., Ding, G., Li, M., Dai, S. & Poulsen, N. E A geological storage option for CO 2 in the Bohaiwan Basin, east China? Energy Procedia, 4, Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 310 CCOP Technical Secretariat

314 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia Cooperating Organization Report of PETRAD Submitted by Dr. Oystein Berg, Managing Director (For Agenda Item 4) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 311 CCOP Technical Secretariat

315 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) , Fax: +66 (0) , Website: ANNUAL COOPERATING ORGANIZATION REPORT Country/Organization: PETRAD Period: 1 July June History Petrad is a non-profit Foundation established by the Norwegian Government in 1989 to coordinate and facilitate sharing of knowledge and experience within the Petroleum Sector. This is done through tailor- made courses, seminars and projects in cooperation with Government Institutions and National Oil Companies in developing and industrializing countries. A total of more than managers and experts from 111 countries have participated in the Petrad programs so far. Experts and lecturers for the various activities come mainly from the Norwegian Petroleum Authorities, Norwegian and International Petroleum Industry, Universities and R&D Institutions. However, a large number of international lecturers have also made their contributions. Petrad draws each year on the expertise of approximately 200 lecturers from more than 150 government agencies, companies and organizations Petrad has conducted a total of 199 courses and seminars in cooperation with government agencies and national oil companies in East and South East Asia through the ASCOPE and CCOP organizations with a total of 8700 participants. Petrad has in addition had 220 participants from the region attending two 8-week programs held in Stavanger, Norway, every year since Most of these participants have received scholarships worth approximately USD each. These scholarships have been made available through Norad and the Norwegian Ministry of Petroleum and Energy. Petrad has with very limited financial support from the Norwegian Government (Ministry of Petroleum and Energy Funding) been able to arrange a very large number of activities with CCOP and ASCOPE and its Members. This has been possible because many of the speakers used by Petrad who come from Norwegian Petroleum Authorities and Petroleum Industry, have been willing to assist on courses and seminars without any charge for time and have in very many cases also covered their own cost for travel and accommodation. All logistics and practical administration for the Petrad seminars in East and Southeast Asia have until the end of 2011 been done by the CCOP Technical Secretariat in Bangkok in cooperation with the host organization. However, as of 2012, the Norwegian Ministry of Petroleum and Energy stopped financing Petrad s activities with CCOP and ASCOPE. The few activities undertaken in 2012 were financed by Petrad s own capital whilst trying to find alternative financing for coming years. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 312 CCOP Technical Secretariat

316 2. Petrad activities with ASCOPE and CCOP Members in the period 1 July September, 2012 The following activities have been arranged in cooperation with Petrad since 1 July 2010: Seminars / Workshops/Courses 2010 EPPM P2: Regulatory Framework for CCS - storage into geological formations, HSE/CDM/Flaring, Bangkok, Thailand, 29 June 1 July, 2010 Visit by China Ministry of Land and Resources, CNPC, CNOOC and SINOPEC to Stavanger and Oslo, September, EPPM P2: Mapping of CCS potential reservoir and selection criteria, Bali, Indonesia, 28 September 1 October, 2010 Global depositional evolution and petroleum system events of main foreland basins, Wuyshan, China November, Deepwater Subsea Tie-back, Kuching, Malaysia, Gas Hydrates, Halong Bay, Vietnam, EPPM P2: Developing strategies for public awareness and acceptance of CCS, Bangkok, Thailand, Petroleum exploration and production in deepwater, Vietnam, Improved Oil Recovery (IOR) through drilling, well service and IO, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, ASCOPE Guidelines for Decommissioning, Bangkok, How to manage end of concession period, Bangkok Strategy for E&P operations, Xiamen City, 5-7 December, EPPM S5: How to manage the End of Concession Period and Decommissioning of Oil and Gas Installations, Bangkok, Thailand, Study tour to CCS Technology Centre by BPMIGAS, Pertamina, Institute Teknologi Bandung, Mongstad, Norway, Small Scale LNG and Vapor recovery on FSO, Hue Vietnam, EPPM S6: CCS Opportunities in the CCOP Region, Bali, Indonesia September, week courses in Stavanger, Norway Participants from the following countries in East and Southeast Asia participated in Petrad's 8-week courses in Stavanger, Norway: 20 September 11 November, 2010: Petroleum Policy and Management': Cambodia (1), China (3), Timor Leste (2) Petroleum Development and Operations': China (3), Malaysia (1), Papua New Guinea (1), Philippines (1), Timor Leste (1), Thailand (1) 19 September 10 November, 2011: Petroleum Policy and Management': Mongolia (1),Thailand (1), Timor Leste (1) Petroleum Development and Operations': Cambodia (1), Mongolia (1), Papua New Guinea (1), Timor Leste (1) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 313 CCOP Technical Secretariat

317 17 September 8 November, 2012: Petroleum Policy and Management': China (1), Malaysia (1), Myanmar (1), Petroleum Development and Operations': China (1), Indonesia (1), Malaysia (1), Mongolia (1), Myanmar (1), Philippines (2) Many of these have received scholarships worth about USD each which have been provided by either by Norad or the Norwegian Ministry of Petroleum and Energy. Other activities Dr. Oystein Berg, Managing Director Petrad has been a Member of the following: Academic Advisory Council, Universiti Teknologi, Petronas, Malaysia ( ). Merdeka Award, Malaysia. Nomination Committee for Health, Science and Technology ( ) Petrad has in addition assisted with numerous visits from members from ASCOPE and CCOP countries to Norway. Petrad has also assisted Petrovietnam University with professors on various subject areas. 3. Future activities and assistance to members of CCOP and ASCOPE As mentioned above, the Norwegian Ministry of Petroleum and Energy stopped financing Petrad s activities with CCOP and ASCOPE as of The few activities undertaken in 2012 have been financed by Petrad s own capital whilst trying to find alternative financing for coming years. At the time of writing it is highly uncertain that Petrad will be able to continue cooperation with CCOP and ASCOPE. The extensive Petrad programs in developing countries in Africa and Latin America will continue as before as will the Petrad 8-week programs. We hope to bring more information about the possibilities of further cooperation with CCOP and ASCOPE at the CCOP Annual Meeting. 4. Reports/publications of Petrad activities for dissemination to CCOP and ASCOPE Members. All reports from previous Petrad seminars in East and Southeast Asia are available through the CCOP Technical Secretariat in Bangkok. 5. Others Petrad managing director is most grateful for friendship and the excellent cooperation with CCOP TS and CCOP Members since Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 314 CCOP Technical Secretariat

318 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012 Langkawi, Malaysia Cooperating Organization Report of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Submitted by Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Institute Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (SEADPRI-UKM) (For Agenda Item 4) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 315 CCOP Technical Secretariat

319 COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) , Fax: +66 (0) , Website: ANNUAL COOPERATING ORGANIZATION REPORT Organization: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Period: 1 July June Summary CCOP has a very close relationship with the Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Institute of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (SEADPRI-UKM). This relationship is an expansion of the many years of close cooperation that CCOP has had with the Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI) of UKM. A MoU for cooperation between CCOP and UKM has been in effect since 19 July On 21 May 2012, SEADPRI-UKM was formally informed that the 58 th CCOP Steering Committee meeting in Nanjing, China accepted UKM as a new CCOP Cooperating Organization in recognition of its long record of collaboration and shared experiences in CCOP activities. The signing of the MoU between CCOP and UKM and its subsequent elevation to Cooperating Organization was strongly supported and facilitated by the Permanent Representative of Malaysia to the CCOP, the Director General of the Minerals and Geoscience Department, Malaysia. Many activities have been jointly undertaken between UKM and CCOP over the past decade under the auspices of the Minerals and Geoscience Department of Malaysia. The activities were organized to recognize the importance of regional cooperation and build capacity of geoscientists in addressing issues related to sustainable development. Highlights of some of the current initiatives include the following:- Joint organization of the Thematic Session on Geoscience Innovations for Sustainable Development: The Future We Want to be held on 6-7 November 2012, in conjunction with the 48 th CCOP Annual Session in Langkawi, Malaysia. Joint organization of the Workshop on Natural Hazards and Climate Change Adaptation to be held on 9 November 2012, in conjunction with the 48 th CCOP Annual Session in Langkawi, Malaysia. Final report is under preparation for the CCOP-SEADPRI-UKM s collaborative project on Feasibility of Networking Petroleum Geoscience Institutions in East and Southeast Asia. A proposed project on Enhancing Climate Change Adaptation in Southeast Asia was submitted to the ASEAN Secretariat under the India-ASEAN Green Fund mechanism in The project has been endorsed by ASEAN and was submitted to the Indian Government for approval in August Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 316 CCOP Technical Secretariat

320 2. Review of current technical activities and geoscience programmes in the CCOP Region (Multilateral or Bilateral) Joint activities between CCOP and UKM focus on building capacity of geoscientists in expanding geoscience to support sustainable development. The ongoing activities include the following:- (i) 48 th CCOP Annual Session: Thematic Session, 6-7 November 2012 At the 48 th CCOP Annual Session in Langkawi, Malaysia, UKM will jointly organize the Thematic Session Geoscience Innovations for Sustainable Development: The Future We Want scheduled for 6-7 November 2012 with the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia, the Minerals and Geoscience Department, Malaysia, Petronas and CCOP Technical Secretariat. The theme aims to show-case geoscience innovations contributing to sustainable development by Member Countries geoscience organizations either alone or as part of a multi-disciplinary effort, particularly in relation to a attaining green economy. (ii) Workshop on Natural Hazards and Climate Change Adaptation, 9 November 2012 At the 48 th CCOP Annual Session in Langkawi, Malaysia, the Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Institute (SEADPRI-UKM) will jointly organize with the Minerals and Geoscience Department, the Geological Survey of Finland (GTK) and CCOP a workshop on Natural Hazards and Climate Change Adaptation to be held on 9 November The workshop aims to sensitize the geoscience community to risk and vulnerability assessments with respect to disasters and climate change as well as to improve the identification of socioeconomically feasible adaptation options. (iii) Feasibility of Networking Petroleum Geoscience Institutions in East and Southeast Asia The CCOP-SEADPRI collaborative project on Feasibility of Networking Petroleum Geoscience Institutions in East and Southeast Asia is divided into 2 phases: Phase 1 for petroleum geoscience and Phase 2 for the other disciplines of geoscience. The CCOP Technical Secretariat contributed USD 45,000 for Phase 1 of the Project while SEADPRI- UKM supported Phase 2. The purpose of the Phase 1 Project is to determine whether a platform could be provided for promoting sharing of knowledge, human, financial resources, facilities, experience in curriculum development and conduct of joint activities in petroleum geoscience. The immediate objective is to determine whether it is feasible to establish a regional petroleum geoscience network and to propose a collaborative mechanism for this purpose. A network of networks framework has been proposed. This is envisaged as a CCOP network for the petroleum geoscience institutions including universities initially. The framework could then be applied for other sectors of geoscience such as geohazards, environmental geology, mineral and groundwater resource. For each sector, the Network of Networks would link national networks, regional network(s) of universities as well as regional organisations. Besides networking within the sector, the proposed CCOP Network of Networks can facilitate cross-disciplinary sharing, exchange and collaboration. The central hub of all the networks is the CCOP Technical Secretariat, which serves as the Anchor Organisation and manages the Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 317 CCOP Technical Secretariat

321 networks. The Project proposed that the Network of Petroleum Geoscience Institutions be established by building on the existing EPPM network to include other institutions that have petroleum geoscience activities, to expand the scope of the activities beyond EPPM, and to enhance the level of sharing and collaboration among the network members. Phase 2 focuses on developing a multi-disciplinary network of researchers on climatic hazards. It draws on a LESTARI-UKM project entitled Assessment of Higher Education Needs for Climate and Ecosystems Change and Adaptation that commenced in December The study is undertaken within the framework of the United Nations University Network for Climate and Ecosystems Change Adaptation Research (UN-CECAR). The objective of the assessment is to map the genuine need for enhancing climate change and related degree programs. The findings will serve to inform CCOP on the multidisciplinary expertise available in East and Southeast Asia and mechanisms to form linkages with such groups. The potential for geoscience expertise to strengthen multi-disciplinary research groups will also be identified. 3. Proposed future activities and assistance to CCOP in support to current and future activities Enhancing Climate Change Adaptation in Southeast Asia SEADPRI-UKM has submitted a project proposal on Enhancing Climate Change Adaptation in Southeast Asia to the ASEAN Secretariat under the India-ASEAN Green Fund mechanism in The project has been endorsed by ASEAN and was submitted to the Indian Government for approval in August This is envisaged to be a 3-year project involving all ASEAN Member Countries. Several of the ASEAN Member Countries that are also CCOP Member Countries have already been identified to participate. CCOP is invited to participate in the project whereby its Member Countries irrespective of their membership with ASEAN will be able to benefit from the project in various ways. CCOP Member Countries that are also Members of ASEAN will be able to participate directly in the project. CCOP Member Countries that are not in ASEAN can also benefit through sharing of information and knowledge, as well as participation in the dissemination seminars under the CCOP platform. 4. Reports/publications of technical activities for dissemination to CCOP Member Countries including contributions to GRID-Net (i) Geological Museums of East and Southeast Asia The book on the Geological Museums of East and South East Asia, published in 2011, is the second in the series under the joint publication project between LESTARI-UKM and CCOP. The first in the series entitled Geoheritage of East and South East Asia was published in (ii)report of the CCOP-SEADPRI Collaborative Project The report of the CCOP-SEADPRI Collaborative Project entitled: Proposed Framework of Networking Petroleum Geoscience Institutions in East and Southeast Asia was submitted to the CCOP-Technical Secretariat in The report for the second phase and a manuscript authored by Begum, R A, Pereira, J J, Chen, S.P. & Caluyong S P. is currently under preparation. Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 318 CCOP Technical Secretariat

322 5. Others Several other activities have been jointly undertaken between UKM and CCOP over the past decade. The activities were organized to recognize the importance of regional cooperation and build capacity of geoscientists in addressing issues related to sustainable development. Below is a summary of some of the activities that were organized. Roundtable Dialogue on Role of Geoscience in Governance for Sustainable Development and Human Security: The dialogue, held on 1 November 2006, was co-organised by CCOP, LESTARI-UKM and the IUGS Commission on Geoscience for Environmental Management (IUGS-GEM) in conjunction with the 43 rd CCOP Annual Session, in Daejeon, Korea. The proceedings, edited by Joy Jacqueline Pereira and Chen Shick Pei and funded by LESTARI-UKM, were published in Geoheritage of East and Southeast Asia: The book, edited by Mohd Shafeea Leman, Anthony Reedman and Chen Shick Pei was jointly published by LESTARI-UKM and CCOP in CCOP Member Countries contributed country chapters, the CCOP- Technical Secretariat and LESTARI-UKM coordinated the editorial process. Printing of the book was funded by LESTARI-UKM. Workshop on the Practice of Knowledge Management for Enhanced Performance: The workshop held on 10 June 2009 was organised by SEADPRI- UKM, CCOP Technical Secretariat, the Geological Society of Malaysia (GSM) and the Mineral and Geoscience Department Malaysia (JMG) with support from the JT Frank Academy and PETRONAS in conjunction with the Eleventh Regional Congress on Geology, Mineral and Energy Resources of Southeast Asia (GEOSEA 2009) held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Asian Dialogue on Geoheritage Conservation: The dialogue was organized by the Malaysian Geological Heritage Group and the Geological Society of Malaysia in conjunction of the Eleventh Regional Congress on Geology, Mineral and Energy Resources (GEOSEA 2009) in June The dialogue was attended by 30 participants from 6 CCOP Member Countries, with support from the UNESCO Global Network of National Geoparks (GGN) and the Asia Pacific Geoheritage and Geoparks Network (APGGN). Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 319 CCOP Technical Secretariat

323 ANNEX VII Coordinating Committee for Geoscience Programmes in East and Southeast Asia (CCOP) 48 th CCOP Annual Session 4-8 November 2012, Langkawi, Malaysia PROPOSED CCOP WORKPLAN 2013 I. Technical Programme GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR Project/ Activities Energy Programme CCOP CO 2 Storage Mapping CO2 Storage Mapping Program (CCS-M) Facilitating Phase - Kick-off Seminar and workshops Phase 1-Case Study Phase 2- Application of Knowledge learned Schedule Date / Venue March 2013 TBC. Enhancing Public Petroleum Management (EPPM) Programme EPPM P1-Phase 2 A Case Study on the North Sumatra- Mergui-Andaman Basin (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and Myanmar) 2013 TBC Remarks Proposed by, Supported by, Submitted to, Participated by Status, Specific trends or future requirement Approved by 57 th SC Meeting March 2011, Chiang Mai, Thailand. Project proposal is formulated and submitted to CSIRO, Global CCS Institute and Geoscience Australia, Australia for financial support for year 1 of the program and to Norwegian Embassy as potential funding agency The proposal will use the remaining fund from EPPM Program (no additional cost to Norway). Application to the Royal Norwegian Embassy (RNE) Bangkok for the fund support of the subject has been favorably endorsed by the RNE to their Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) Report of the 48 th CCOP Annual Session 320 CCOP Technical Secretariat