The Aptian Stage : Input from the historical stratotype

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1 The Aptian Stage : Input from the historical stratotype Bruno Granier (speaker), Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest (Fr) Michel Moullade, Museum d'histoire naturelle de Nice, Nice (Fr) Pierre Ropolo, Université de Provence, Marseille (Fr) Guy Tronchetti, Université de Provence, Marseille (Fr) Wolfgang Kuhnt, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Kiel (De)

2 The Aptian Stage : Input from the historical stratotype XIX th -XX th centuries: stratotypes Late XX th century: Hypo-/para- stratotypes XXI th century: Global Stratotype Sections and Points ( GSSP )

3 The Aptian Stage : Input from the historical stratotype

4 The successions at Cassis-La Bédoule and at Apt perhaps constitute the only places in the world where most of the Aptian Stage is represented in continuous, expanded sedimentary successions without hiatus. Moullade M., Tronchetti G. & Masse J.-P. (eds, 2000).- Le stratotype historique de l'aptien inférieur (Bédoulien) dans la région de Cassis-La Bédoule (S.E. France).- Géologie Méditerranéenne, Marseille, t. XXV, Nº 3-4 (1998), 298 p. Moullade M., Tronchetti G. & Granier B. (eds., "in press").- The Gargasian (Middle Aptian) strata from Cassis-La Bédoule and La Tuilière - St-Saturnin-lès-Apt (SE France), Aptian historical stratotypical areas.- Carnets de Géologie - Notebooks on Geology, Brest, Memoir 200X/XX (CG200X_MXX).

5 As a whole, these works, nearing completion, yielded the following main results: 1) Barremian-Aptian boundary defined by the FAD (1st appearance datum) of the ammonite genus Deshayesites (Delanoy et alii, 1997; several papers from the 2000 special issue of Géologie méditerranéenne, t. XXV, n 3-4 (1998); etc.) Latest Barremian to Lower Aptian biozonation in the stratotypical area of Cassis-La Bédoule, SE France. Bed numbering is that used in Moullade et alii (2000). Delanoy G., Busnardo R., Ropolo P., Gonnet R., Conte G., Moullade M. & Masse J.-P. (1997).- The 'Pseudocrioceras beds' at La Bédoule (SE France) and the position of the Barremian-Aptian boundary in the historical lower Aptian stratotype.- Comptes Rendus de l'académie des Sciences, Paris, Sciences de la Terre et des Planètes, (série Iia), t. 325, n 8, p

6 1) Barremian-Aptian boundary defined by the FAD (1st appearance datum) of the ammonite genus Deshayesites (Ropolo et alii, 2006) Lower Aptian section of the Cassis-La Bédoule area, with the position of the collected species (Deshayesitidae p.p. max.). Bed numbering is that used in Moullade et alii (2000).. Ropolo P., Moullade M., Gonnet R., Conte G. & Tronchetti G. (2006).- The Deshayesitidae Stoyanov, 1949 (Ammonoidea) of the Aptian historical stratotype region at Cassis-La Bédoule (SE France).- Carnets de Géologie / Notebooks on Geology, Brest, Memoir 2006/01 (CG2006_M01), 46 p., 9 figs., 14 pls.

7 As a whole, these works, nearing completion, yielded the following main results: 2) Homophyletic zonation of the Bedoulian (= Lower Aptian) using the evolution of representatives of the Family Deshayesitidae, to which the genus Dufrenoyia belongs Ropolo P., Moullade M., Gonnet R., Conte G. & Tronchetti G. (2006).- The Deshayesitidae Stoyanov, 1949 (Ammonoidea) of the Aptian historical stratotype region at Cassis-La Bédoule (SE France).- Carnets de Géologie / Notebooks on Geology, Brest, Memoir 2006/01 (CG2006_M01), 46 p., 9 figs., 14 pls.

8 2) Homophyletic zonation of the Bedoulian (= Lower Aptian) using the evolution of representatives of the Family Deshayesitidae, to which the genus Dufrenoyia belongs Latest Barremian to Lower Aptian biozonation in the stratotypical area of Cassis-La Bédoule, SE France. Bed numbering is that used in Moullade et alii (2000). Ropolo P., Moullade M., Gonnet R., Conte G. & Tronchetti G. (2006).- The Deshayesitidae Stoyanov, 1949 (Ammonoidea) of the Aptian historical stratotype region at Cassis-La Bédoule (SE France).- Carnets de Géologie / Notebooks on Geology, Brest, Memoir 2006/01 (CG2006_M01), 46 p., 9 figs., 14 pls.

9 Furcata Zone (Bedoulian since 1994) Uppermost part of the Comte quarry in 1970, and base of the Middle Aptian (above bed 178).

10 As a whole, these works, nearing completion, yielded the following main results: 3) Homophyletic zonation of the Gargasian (= middle Aptian) using the evolution of representatives of the Subfamily Cheloniceratinae (Family Douvilleiceratidae) Middle Aptian biozonation in the stratotypical area of Cassis-La Bédoule, SE France. Bed numbering is specifically used here for the La Marcouline Quarry section (from Ropolo et alii, 2008, in press). Ropolo P., Conte G., Moullade M., Tronchetti G. & Gonnet R. (2008, in press).- The Douvilleiceratidae (Ammonoidea) of the Lower Aptian historical stratotype area at Cassis-La Bédoule (SE France).- Carnets de Géologie / Notebooks on Geology, Brest, Memoir 2008/03 (CG2008_M03),?? p., 14 figs., 24 pls.

11 As a whole, these works, nearing completion, yielded the following main results: 4) Improvement of correlations between the Tethyan and Boreal Aptian zonations Correlation between the Lower Aptian ammonite zonations of Casey (1961a, 1998), Busnardo (1984) and Ropolo et alii (2006, 2008). Ropolo P., Conte G., Moullade M. & Tronchetti G. & Gonnet R. (2008, in press).- About the stratigraphic position of the Lower Aptian Roloboceras hambrovi level.- Carnets de Géologie / Notebooks on Geology, Brest, Letter 2008/03 (CG2008_L03),?? p., 4 figs.

12 As a whole, these works, nearing completion, yielded the following main results: 5) Refinement and more precise calibration of micropaleontologic zonations (planktonic foraminifera, calcareous nannofossils) for the Bedoulian and

13 5) Refinement and more precise calibration of micropaleontologic zonations (benthic and planktonic foraminifera, ostracoda) for the Gargasian Babinot J.-F., Moullade M. & Tronchetti G. (2007).- The upper Bedoulian and lower Gargasian Ostracoda of the Aptian stratotype: Taxonomy and biostratigraphic correlation.- Carnets de Géologie / Notebooks on Geology, Brest, Article 2007/03 (CG2007_A03), 35 p., 7 figs., 6 pls. Moullade M., Tronchetti G. & Bellier J.-P. (2008).- Associations et biostratigraphie des Foraminifères benthiques et planctoniques du Bédoulien sommital et du Gargasien inférieur de La Tuilière - St-Saturnin-lès-Apt (aire stratotypique de l'aptien, Vaucluse, SE France).- Carnets de Géologie / Notebooks on Geology, Brest, Article 2008/01 (CG2008_A01), 50 p., 8 figs., 10 pls.

14 As a whole, these works, nearing completion, yielded the following main results: 6) Discovery of a triple micropaleontologic datum (benthic and planktonic foraminifera, ostracodes) that is coincident with the Bedoulian-Gargasian boundary as it is defined on the basis of ammonite distribution Quasi-coincidence of the triple micropaleontological datum (LAD of Protocythere bedoulensis - Lenticulina cf. nodosa / FAD of Praehedbergella luterbacheri) with the lithostratigraphic change called "change of color" together with the upper limit of the Furcata ammonite Zone Babinot J.-F., Moullade M. & Tronchetti G. (2007).- The upper Bedoulian and lower Gargasian Ostracoda of the Aptian stratotype: Taxonomy and biostratigraphic correlation.- Carnets de Géologie / Notebooks on Geology, Brest, Article 2007/03 (CG2007_A03), 35 p., 7 figs., 6 pls. Moullade M., Tronchetti G. & Bellier J.-P. (2008).- Associations et biostratigraphie des Foraminifères benthiques et planctoniques du Bédoulien sommital et du Gargasien inférieur de La Tuilière - St- Saturnin-lès-Apt (aire stratotypique de l'aptien, Vaucluse, SE France).- Carnets de Géologie / Notebooks on Geology, Brest, Article 2008/01 (CG2008_A01), 50 p., 8 figs., 10 pls.

15 6) Discovery of a triple micropaleontologic datum (benthic and planktonic foraminifera, ostracodes) that is coincident with the Bedoulian-Gargasian boundary as it is defined on the basis of ammonite distribution ampulla-like expansion 7 chambers in the /last row

16 As a whole, these works, nearing completion, yielded the following main results: 7) The combination of biostratigraphy with cyclostratigraphy of marl-limestone rhythms and isotope stratigraphy allows an estimate of the duration of the Gargasian, which is closer to the time-scale proposed by Fiet et alii (2006): 3 Ma rather than that of Ogg et alii (2004): 6 Ma; Outcrop photograph overlain by greyscale values generated by NIH Image analysis of digitalized color slides. Outcrop photograph of the La Marcouline Quarry Section. The main 400 ka long eccentricity cycles are indicated. Kuhnt W. & Moullade M. (2007).- The Gargasian (Middle Aptian) of La Marcouline section at Cassis-La Bédoule (SE France): Stable isotope record and orbital cyclicity.- Carnets de Géologie / Notebooks on Geology, Brest, Article 2007/02 (CG2007_A02), 9 p., 8 figs., 1 table.

17 As a whole, these works, nearing completion, yielded the following main results: 8) Defining precisely the position of the global anoxic event AOE1a ( Goguel - Selli ) within the middle part of the upper Bedoulian The δ13c record from the La Bédoule stratotype section (Renard et alii, 2005). Renard M., Rafélis M. de, Emmanuel L., Moullade M., Masse J.-P., Kuhnt W., Bergen J.A. & Tronchetti G. (2005).- Early Aptian δ13c and manganese anomalies from the historical Cassis-La Bédoule stratotype sections (S.E. France): relationship with a methane hydrate dissociation event and stratigraphic.-carnets de Géologie / Notebooks on Geology, Brest, Memoir 2005/04 (CG2005_A04), 18 p., 7 figs.

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20 The Aptian Stage : Input from the historical stratotype The complete successions at Cassis-La Bédoule and at Apt allow detailed study of rich macro-, micro- and nanno- fossil assemblages as well as geochemical analyses (stable isotopes and trace elements).

21 The Aptian Stage : Input from the historical stratotype Moullade M., Tronchetti G. & Granier B. (eds., "in press").- The Gargasian (Middle Aptian) strata from Cassis-La Bédoule and La Tuilière - St-Saturnin-lès-Apt (SE France), Aptian historical stratotypical areas.- Carnets de Géologie / Notebooks on Geology, Brest, Memoir 200X/XX (CG200X_MXX). Babinot J.-F., Moullade M. & Tronchetti G. (2007).- The upper Bedoulian and lower Gargasian Ostracoda of the Aptian stratotype: Taxonomy and biostratigraphic correlation.- Article 2007/05 (CG2007_A05), 35 p., 7 figs., 6 pls. Baudin F., Moullade M. & Tronchetti G. (2008).- Characterisation of the organic matter of upper Bedoulian and lower Gargasian strata in the historical stratotypes (Apt and Cassis-la-Bédoule areas, SE France).- Letter 2008/01 (CG2008_L01), 9 p., 4 figs., 3 pls., 3 tables. Beltran C., Rafélis M. de, Renard M., Moullade M. & Tronchetti G. (2007).- Environmental changes during marl-limestone formation: evidence from the Gargasian (Middle Aptian) of La Marcouline Quarry (Cassis, SE France).- Article 2007/01 (CG2007_A01), 13 p., 3 figs., 2 tables, 1 appendix. Kuhnt W. & Moullade M. (2007).- The Gargasian (Middle Aptian) of La Marcouline section at Cassis-La Bédoule (SE France): Stable isotope record and orbital cyclicity.- Article 2007/02 (CG2007_A02), 9 p., 8 figs., 1 table. Moullade M. & Tronchetti G. (2004).- The Gargasian (Middle Aptian) substage in the Aptian historical stratotypes (SE France): General introduction.- Letter 2004/01 (CG2004_L01_MM-GT), 3 p., 2 figs. Moullade M., Tronchetti G., Balme C. & Kouyoumontzakis G. (2006).- The Gargasian (Middle Aptian) of La Tuilière - St- Saturnin-lès-Apt (area of the Aptian historical stratotype, Vaucluse, SE France): geographic setting and outcrop correlation.- Letter 2006/01 (CG2006_L01), 7 p., 6 figs. Moullade M., Tronchetti G. & Bellier J.-P. (2005).- The Gargasian (Middle Aptian) strata from Cassis-La Bédoule (Lower Aptian historical stratotype, SE France): planktonic and benthic foraminiferal assemblages and biostratigraphy.- Article 2005/02 (CG2005_A02), 20 p., 6 figs., 5 pls. Moullade M., Tronchetti G. & Bellier J.-P. (2008).- Associations et biostratigraphie des Foraminifères benthiques et planctoniques du Bédoulien sommital et du Gargasien inférieur de La Tuilière - St-Saturnin-lès-Apt (aire stratotypique de l'aptien, Vaucluse, SE France).- Article 2008/01 (CG2008_A01), 50 p., 8 figs., 10 pls. Moullade M., Tronchetti G., Kuhnt W., Renard M. & Bellier J.-P. (2004).- The Gargasian (Middle Aptian) of Cassis-La Bédoule (Lower Aptian historical stratotype, SE France): geographic location and lithostratigraphic correlations.- Letter 2004/02 (CG2004_L02_MM_etal), 4 p., 5 figs. Renard M., Rafélis M. de, Emmanuel L., Beltran C., Moullade M. & Tronchetti G. (2007).- Fluctuations of sea-water chemistry during Gargasian (Middle Aptian) time. Data from trace-element content (Mg, Sr, Mn, Fe) in hemipelagic carbonates from La Marcouline Quarry (Cassis, SE France).- Article 2007/03 (CG2007_A03), 28 p., 15 figs., 2 tables. Ropolo P., Moullade M., Gonnet R., Conte G. & Tronchetti G. (2006).- The Deshayesitidae Stoyanov, 1949 (Ammonoidea) of the Aptian historical stratotype region at Cassis-La Bédoule (SE France).- Memoir 2006/01 (CG2006_M01), 46 p., 9 figs., 14 pls.