Case Study: Direct Circulation Drilling
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1 Case Study: Direct Circulation Drilling Power Swivel Adapter Sub with Pin PSG 146 Sliding Sleeve for PSG 146 A Typical Drill-String for Direct Circulation Drilling: Pulling Device for PSG 146 with box PSG 146 -SL Chucks for Make-up and Break- Out Device Drill Pipe 146x8 mm, ID = 127 mm, with box/pin PSG 146 Clamping Device Inserts for Ø 146 mm Cross-Over box PSG 146-SL / pin 4-1/2 IF Drill Collar Ø 6-1/4, with box/pin 4-1/2 IF Stabilizer Ø 9-3/8, with box/pin 4-1/2 IF Bit Sub box 4-1/2 IF / box 4-1/2 Reg. 9-7/8 Tricone Bit Stepped Winged Drag-Bit Drag-Bit 15
2 Case Study: Direct Circulation Drilling Borehole Ø Drill Pump Flow Rates [l/min] Pipe optimal Annular Ø Rising Velocity [inch] [mm] [mm] Mud Annular Rising Velocity [m/s] (0,7-1,0 m/s) 4¾ 120,6 83 1,25 1,94 (3,88) ,75-1, ,9 83 0,71 1,10 2,20 (3,14) (4,71) 6¼ 158,7 83 (0,53) 0,82 1,63 (2,32) (3,48) 108 0,71 1,10 2,20 (3,14) (4,71) 83 (0,32) (0,49) 0,97 1,39 2, ,7 108 (0,37) (0,58) 1,15 1,65 2,47 0,67-0, (0,59) 0,92 1,84 2,62 (3,93) 83 (0,23) (0,35) 0,70 1,00 1,50 8¾ 222,3 108 (0,26) (0,40) 0,79 1,13 1,69 0,65-0, (0,34) (0,53) 1,06 1,51 2,27 83 (0,18) (0,28) 0,57 0,81 1, ,5 108 (0,20) (0,31) 0,62 0,89 1,33 0,56-0, (0,25) (0,39) 0,78 1,11 1,66 83 (0,14) (0,21) (0,42) 0,60 0, ,4 108 (0,15) (0,23) 0,45 0,64 0,96 0,50-0, (0,17) (0,27) 0,53 0,75 1,13 83 (0,11) (0,17) (0,33) 0,48 0,71 12¼ 311,2 108 (0,12) (0,18) (0,35) 0,50 0, (0,13) (0,20) 0,40 0,57 0,85 0,45-0, (0,26) 0,40 0,80 1,14 1, (0,14) (0,27) 0,39 0,58 13¾ 350, (0,15) (0,30) 0,42 0,63 0,40-0, (0,24) 0,48 0,68 1, (0,12) (0,23) (0,33) 0,50 14¾ 374, (0,13) (0,25) 0,36 0,54 0,37-0, (0,19) 0,37 0,53 0, (0,16) (0,23) 0,35 17½ 444, (0,17) (0,24) 0,37 0,34-0, (0,11) (0,22) 0,31 0, (0,12) (0,18) (0,26) , (0,13) (0,18) (0,27) Air-Lift (0,15) (0,22) 0,32 Pressure losses [bar] 83 1,10 2,60 5,80 10, per 100 m in respective 108 0,20 0,40 1,70 3,20 5,00 Drill Pipes: 146 0,04 1,10 0,20 0,30 0, Annular Mud Velocities Using Direct Circulation Drilling in relation to Borehole Ø and the Respective Drill String Employed 16
3 Case Study: Core Drilling Concept of a Borehole for Core Drilling in Direct Circulation: Borehole Diameter: mm Mud rising velocities in Annulus: Ideal: 0,8-1 m/sec Applications: - Geotechnical Investigations, Exploration (Piston Mud Pump: High Pressure rating lesser Flowrates) 17
4 Case Study: Core Drilling Power Swivel Requirements: - Rotational Speeds: rpm - Core diameters >= 85 mm - Piston Mud Pump Pressure Ratings Technically deployable Single Core Barrel Double Core Barrel Wireline Core Barrel 18
5 Case Study: RC Air-Lift Drilling Concept of a borehole being drilled using Reverse Circulation Air-lift Drilling: Drilling Diameter: mm Mud Rising Velocities inside Drill Pipe: Ideal: 3-4 m/sec Mud Sinking Velocities in Annulus: approx. 20 m/min Application: - In wells with larger drilling diameters (Ø >300 mm) - In sensitive geology (loose, unconsolidated rock) - In depths from ca. 30 m, depending on hydrostatic constellation > m 31
6 Case Study: RC Air-Lift Drilling Borehole Ø Drill Pump Flow Rates [l/min] Pipe optimal Annular Ø Rising Velocity [inch] [mm] [mm] Mud Annular Rising Velocity [m/s] (0,7-1,0 m/s) 4¾ 120,6 83 1,25 1,94 (3,88) ,75-1, ,9 83 0,71 1,10 2,20 (3,14) (4,71) 6¼ 158,7 83 (0,53) 0,82 1,63 (2,32) (3,48) 108 0,71 1,10 2,20 (3,14) (4,71) 83 (0,32) (0,49) 0,97 1,39 2, ,7 108 (0,37) (0,58) 1,15 1,65 2,47 0,67-0, (0,59) 0,92 1,84 2,62 (3,93) 83 (0,23) (0,35) 0,70 1,00 1,50 8¾ 222,3 108 (0,26) (0,40) 0,79 1,13 1,69 0,65-0, (0,34) (0,53) 1,06 1,51 2,27 83 (0,18) (0,28) 0,57 0,81 1, ,5 108 (0,20) (0,31) 0,62 0,89 1,33 0,56-0, (0,25) (0,39) 0,78 1,11 1,66 83 (0,14) (0,21) (0,42) 0,60 0, ,4 108 (0,15) (0,23) 0,45 0,64 0,96 0,50-0, (0,17) (0,27) 0,53 0,75 1,13 83 (0,11) (0,17) (0,33) 0,48 0,71 12¼ 311,2 108 (0,12) (0,18) (0,35) 0,50 0, (0,13) (0,20) 0,40 0,57 0,85 0,45-0, (0,26) 0,40 0,80 1,14 1, (0,14) (0,27) 0,39 0,58 13¾ 350, (0,15) (0,30) 0,42 0,63 0,40-0, (0,24) 0,48 0,68 1, (0,12) (0,23) (0,33) 0,50 14¾ 374, (0,13) (0,25) 0,36 0,54 0,37-0, (0,19) 0,37 0,53 0, (0,16) (0,23) 0,35 17½ 444, (0,17) (0,24) 0,37 0,34-0, (0,11) (0,22) 0,31 0, (0,12) (0,18) (0,26) , (0,13) (0,18) (0,27) Air-Lift (0,15) (0,22) 0,32 Pressure losses [bar] 83 1,10 2,60 5,80 10, per 100 m in respective 108 0,20 0,40 1,70 3,20 5,00 Drill Pipes: 146 0,04 1,10 0,20 0,30 0, Annular Mud Velocities Using Direct Circulation Drilling in relation to Borehole Ø and the Respective Drill String Employed 32
7 Case Study: RC Air-Lift Drilling 2 Typical Drill Strings for Air-Lift Drilling: Power Swivel with Adapter Sub and Air-Side Entry for pin DWG 200 Power Swivel with Adapter Sub and Sliding Sleeve for pin PSG 178 Double Walled Drill Pipe 200x168 mm (OD ID) With box/pin DWG 200 Cross-Over Sub box DWG 200 to Flange 520 mm OD for DC Double Walled Drill Collar Ø 520 mm, With Flange 520 mm OD ID: 150 mm Weight: 2000 kg, Length 1500 mm Drill Pipe 178x10 mm, ID: 155 mm, With box/pin PSG 178 Cross-Over Sub box PSG 178 on pin 5-1/2 IF Drill Collar Ø 9-1/2, ID = 110 mm, Stabilizer Ø 17-3/8, ID = 110 mm, Double Walled Drill Collar Ø 520 mm, With Flange and Air-Outlet Valve 4. Reamer Bit Ø 1270 mm 3. Reamer Bit Ø 1050 mm 2. Reamer Bit Ø 820 mm 1. Reamer Bit Ø 620 mm Pilot Tricone Bit Ø 415 mm Drill Collar Ø 9-1/2, ID = 110 mm, Stabiliszer Ø 17-3/8, ID = 110 mm, Bit-Sub box 5-1/2 IF on box 7-5/8 Reg. 17-1/2 Tricone Roller Bit 33
8 Case Study: DTH Hammer Drilling Concept of a borehole being drilled using DTH Hammer Drilling: Drilling Diameter: mm Air Rising Velocities in Annulus: Ideal: ca m/sec! Application: - In wells with any drilling diameter (Ø >100 mm) - In competent geology (hard rock!) - In depths down to ca. 800 m, depending on hydrostatic borehole conditions. - RC-Drilling with DTH Hammer is also possible 44
9 Case Study: DTH Hammer Drilling Air Volume stream required to have respective rising velocities using DTH- Hammer Drilling in relation to Borehole Ø and the respective Drill String employed: Whereby: Q = v*6a [l/min = m/s*m²] 45
10 Case Study: DTH Hammer Drilling Power Swivel Adapter Sub with Pin PSG 146 Sliding Sleeve for PSG 146 Pulling Device for PSG 146 with box PSG /2 IF Power Swivel with Adapter Sub and Sliding Sleeve for pin PSG 178 Drill Pipe 146x10 mm, ID = 125 mm, with box/pin 5-1/2 IF Cross-Over box 5-1/2 IF (DP) to pin 5-1/2 IF (DC) Shockabsorber, with box/pin 5-1/2 IF Drill Collar Ø 9-1/2, with box/pin 5-1/2 IF Bit Sub box 4-1/2 IF / box 4-1/2 Reg. Drill Pipe 178x10 mm, ID: 155 mm, With box/pin PSG 178 Cross-Over Sub box PSG 178 on pin 5-1/2 IF with Shockabsorber Drill Collar Ø 9-1/2, ID = 110 mm, Stabilizer Ø 17-3/8, ID = 110 mm, Bit-Sub box 5-1/2 IF on box 7-5/8 Reg. DTH Hammer Body 12 with pin 7-5/8 API Reg. 12 DTH Hammer Body Drag-Bit Button Bit Winged 17-1/2 Button Bit 46
11 Case Study: RC DTH Hammer Concept of a borehole being drilled using RC DTH Hammer Drilling: Drilling Diameter: mm Air Rising Velocities in Central Pipe: Ideal: ca m/sec or faster! Application: - In wells with any drilling diameter (Ø >300 mm) - In competent geology (hard rock!) - In depths down to ca. 600 m - Depending on hydrostatic borehole conditions: in combination with Booster! 49
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