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2 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF NIGERIA /.._/,./-/---/---,..,/ /-/ /I/-/'/-/,/,/.-_/.I.,,/---/---/-/ /...7.1/-/-/"",/-//, /_..,-/,.-/-"""",,/-,/-,,-,-/-/-/-'/-/.oj! l ~ l. I J ~ ~ I ~ I EXECUTIVE COUNCIL 2007 i, I i ~ ~ I PRESIDENT: Professor A. A. Adesiyun ~ 1 '.. '" i VICE-p~SIDENT: Dr (Mrs) B. N Iloba, ~ '- ~ SECRETARY: Dr. F. I. Aigbodion ~ ~. ~ i TRESURER: Dr. Mrs E. A. Egwurube I l ~ f ASSISTANT SECRETARY: Dr. A. S. Omoloye I f BUSINESSMANAGER: Dr.A. M. Oparaeke I t ~ ~ EDITOR-IN-CHIEF:. ProfessorE. O. Ogunwolu ~ I BRANCH REPRESENTATrVES IN COUNCIL; 7. l i l l ~ KADUNAIZARIA Professor M. C. Dike I ~ EIBADAN - Professor J. A. Odebiyi ~ '- ~ ~ IFE - Professor W. A. Muse ~ I BENIN - Dr. (Mrs.)B. N. Iloba I i l l NSUKKAIENUGU - -- l ~ PORT-HARCOURT - Dr.T.T.Epidi I l AKURE Dr. M. O. Ashamo ~. l t KANO - Mr. S. O. Okunade ~ ), ~ VOM/JOS. ~ MAIDUGURI - Dr.B. Sastawa! UMUAHIA - Dr.T. Echendu ~ t ~ f AWKA ~ I LAGOS - Professor S. Malaka. ~ i ILORIN/OGBOMOSHO - ProfessorJ.o. Fasoranti I i BIDAIMINNA - Dr.I.N.Kolo ~ I. MAKURDI/YANDEV/L,\FIA -Dr..M. U. Ukwela,I J AKWA IBOM/CROSS RIVER. - Professor E. J. Usua I t. ~! ~ ~M'+'- <"..""""'"'''''-''''''''''''''''''''''..7./O'/''','''''''''-/I/..'X /'''''..,./I/_/ / / /..,",/ J/.".W /_I/"'7.../ /.., /,.,-/ /.",,,,,-/-,---/-/_..0"/""""/-/".'.1. 'bi..'~.~.~, {!J "~,.:.. H?I?;';:ir;~~~1fg~!{}~~r~~wt~~!~~~1t~~J~~(~:::','.~., ':\:.~1ii:~I~~iitIJt~r!~~',', " ""*",~,,,,"'."' ". "..,...~..""",.".,.,-- -." '.~..-,." >,.:...',.~.~-:' ",""".~., ""-.' "".

3 SHORT COMMUNICATION Re-examination of the Larva of the MayOy Genus Compsoneuria Eaton (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) From lie-ice,south-western Nigeria. OGBOGU, S. S. Department of Zoology, Obafemi Awolowo University, lie-ife , Osun State, Nigeria. Nig. J. Ent. 24: (2007) ABSTRACT. Sequel to a recent re-evaluation of the heptageniid mayfly genus, Compsoneuria Eaton, the larva of an unknown species earlier reported from Ile-Ife was re-examined and additional diagnostic features highlighted. Compared with the descriptions of the five species of the genus that occur in the Afrotropical region, features of the larva agree with those of C. njalensis Kimmins, thereby confirming the presence of the species in Nigeria. Geographical distribution of the species is briefly discussed INTRODUCTION The Family Heptageniidae in the insect with Compsoneuriella (Gattolliat and Sartori, 2006). Following the higher classification Order Ephemeroptera has three recognized of the Heptageniidae by Wang and subfamilies: Ecdyonurinae Ulmer, Heptageniinae McCafferty (2004) in which the adult of Needham, and Rhithrogeniinae the species was placed in Ecdyonurinae, Lestage. Belonging to the Ecdyonurinae is and the larva originally described by Ulmer Compsoneuria Eaton in the Tribe, (1939) discovered to actually belong to a Compso- neuriini Wang & McCafferty species of Trichogenia Braasch & Soldan (Wang and McCafferty, 2004). At present in the Heptageniinae, C. spectabilis has there are at least 11 known species in the been renamed T. ulmeri Braasch & Webb genus world- wide, five of them well (Webb et al., 2006). Furthermore, the distributed in the Afro-tropical region classification of Compsoneuria has been (Elouard and V mboahangy, 1991; updated and the genus clearly distinguished Gattolliat and Sartori, 2006; Webb et al., from Thalerosphyrus by Webb et al. 2006). (2006), to which many species of Compsoneuria One consequence of the lack of clear were hitherto assigned (McC- understanding of the phylogenetic relationships afferty, 2003). Now that the differences of Compsoneuria is the confusion between the two genera are clear, Webb et regarding the real identity of the type al. (2006) returned all the five species of species, C. spectabilis Eaton. Recently, Thalerosphyrus from the Afro-tropical Wang and McCafferty (2004) rejected the region to Compsoneuria. Thus Compsoneuria synonymy between the genus and is at present considered a valid Compsoneuriella (Ulmer, 1939) earlier genus and a senior synonym for both proposed by Braasch and Soldan (1986) eompsoneuriella and Notonurus (Gattolliat and synonymised Thalerosphyrus Eaton and Sartori, 2006; Webb etal., 2006). slvd58@yahoo.com. In the light of this recent finding, it, > 141

4 142 NIGERIAN, J~URNAL C?FENTOMOLOGY VOL. 21, 2007 becomes imperi:ltiveto re-examine the larva' of an, uilnamed species!of..compsoneuria earlier reported from Ile-Ife, South-western Nigeria (Ogbogu and Jagun, 1999). In that paper, the larva was suspected to be that of a cl()se, relative to the Afrotropical C. njalensis Kimmins. In this paper, the larva is re-examined in the light of the updated diagnostic characters of the genus (Webb et al., 2006), and its specific identity determined. Additional detailed description is provided to complement the earlier one provided inogbogu and Jagun (1999), and the geographical, distribution of c., njalensis is discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Materials Examined Mature larvae were collected from a stream below Opa reservoir in Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife ( ' E, ' N, 141 m a.s.1.), and stored in 70% ethano1. The stream is in a typical rain forest zone and is almost entirely shaded. Examination of mature larva A larva was whole-mounted in water on a slide and examined under the low and high power of an Olympus BHB microscope. Diagnostic features were illustrated with photographs and line drawings. To identify the larva to family and generic levels, the description in Demoulin (1970), the keys in Demoulin (1981) and Barber-James and Lugo-Ortiz (2003) were used. To confirm species identity, the description herein was checked against the original descriptions of the five species of Compsoneuria known to occur in the Afro-tropical region. Three other la.rvae have been deposited in the' Natural History Museum of Obafemi Awolowo University, lie-ife, Nigeria. RESULTS Description of Larva Headcapsule subquadrangular, brown, with large eyes. Meso- and metathoracic supracoxal sclerites long and projecting laterally away frqm theabcj.omen. Femur of foreleg stout (Fig. 1) with short, robust spatulate setae on the dorsal surface and the anterior margin (Fig. 2); posterior margin with a row of short, robust spatulate setae and a row of fine, long brush-like setae (Fig. 3). Fig.I. (a) Fore, (b)mid- and(c) hindleg femur. Fig. 2. Setae on dorsum of hind femur Lateral ridge of foretibia with sparse row of setae (Fig.4). Mid- and hindlegs similar to forelegs except that the setae on the anterior and posterior margins of hindleg femur are more robust, longer and numerous. Tarsus (Fig.S) <;imilar in all

5 OGBOGU: DESCRIPTION OF THE LARVA OF Compsolleura lljalellsis 143 legs. Tarsal claw with three sub-apical denticles (Fig. 6). Posterior margin of abdominal tergite with a row of sharp spines (Fig. 7). '" Fig. 3. Hind femur enlarged Fig. 6. Claw Fig. 4. Tibia ''',<~:1 'j <:"> ~' ", "'~ Fig. 5. Tarsus Fig. 7. Posterior margin of abdominal tergite IV and V Gills 1-7 with lamellae that are rounded apically and numerous long filaments. Caudal filaments with spines at intersegmental margins. DISCUSSION When compared with the original descriptions (Crass, 1947; Kimmins, 1937; Navas, 1930, 1931; Sartori and Elouard, 1996; Schoonbee, 1967) for the five species of Compsoneuria known from the Afrotropical region (namely: C. beql/acr/i Navas, C. josettae Sartori & E]oll.trJ, C. njalensis Kimmins, C. sinuosa 0.aVaS and C. tortinervis Navas), the material examin- --

6 144 NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY VOL. 24, 2007 ed perfectly fitted the description of C. njalensis. This report thereforeconfinns :the presence of C. njalensis in Nigeria. A[tmOllgh the species had earlier been reported along with its closest relative, C. bequaerti, in Nigeria (Medler, 1980), it was based on adult specimens reported by Demoulin (1970) and Kimmins (1937); the larva is not well known (de Moor, 1998). Therefore, the presence of C. bequaerti in Nigeria requires confirmation as there has been no subsequent published data on the species. C. njalensis occurs also in some other West African countries such as Ivory Coast (Kimmins, 1937), Ghana and GUInea (Gattolliat and Sartori, 2006), and Sierra- Leone (Demoulin, 1970). It has also been recorded in South Africa (Barber-James, 2005; de Moor 1998; McCafferty and de Moor, 1995; Schoonbee, 1967), Tanzania (Gillies, 1998), Uganda (Demoulin, 1970; Mathooko, 1998) and Zimbabwe (Gillies, 1963). Therefore, it follows that the present geographical distribution can be considered to include West Africa, East and Southern Africa. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I cherish the memory of late M. T. Gillies for his contribution to the much I know of Nigerian mayfly fauna. REFERENCES Barber-James, H Afro-tropical Heptageniidae. Available from:[http: www. ru.ac.zal academic/ departments/zooento/ma rtin/ephemeropteraafri ca.html]. Barber-James, H. M. and Lugo-Ortiz, C. R Ephemeroptera. In: Guides to the Freshwater Invertebrates of Southern Africa. Vol. 7: Insecta 1. Ephemeroptera, Odonata & Plecoptera. (de Moor, 1. J., Day, J.A. and de Moor, F.e. eds.), pp Water Research Commission, Gezina, South Africa. Report No. TT207/03. Braasch, D. and Soldan, T Die Heptageniidae des Gombak River in Malaysia (Ephemeroptera). Reichenbachi,!- 24(3): Crass, R. S The mayflies (Ephemeroptera) of Natal and the Eastern Cape. Annals of the Natal Museum 11: de Moor, F. C Phoretic association of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) with heptageniid mayflies (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) in South Africa. African Entomology 7(1): Demoulin, G Ephemeroptera des faunes ethiopienne et malgache. South African Animal Life 14: Demoulin, G Ephemeropteres. In: Flore et faune aquatiques de l' Afrique sahelo-soudanienne (Durand, J. and R. Leveque, e. eds.), pp Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique Outre-Mer, Collection Institutions- Documentations Techniques no 45. Elouard, J. M. and Vololomboahangy, B Repertoire taxinomiqe et bibligraphique des Ephemeres de l'afrique sub-saharienne. Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Systemes Aquatiques et leur Environnement, Centre Nationale de la Recherche sur l'environnement. Rapport no pp. Gattolliat, J. L. and Sartori, M The mayflies of Ghana (Insecta: Ephemeroptera). Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 98: Gillies, M. T A list of Ephemeroptera in the National Museum, Bulawayo, Southern Rhodesia. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 98: Gillies, M. T The mayflies (Ephemeroptera) of the Upper River Sigi, northeast Tanzania. Freshwater Forum 10: Kimmins, D. E Some new Ephemeroptera. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 19: Mathooko, J. M Mayfly diversity in East Africa. African Journal of Ecology 36:

7 OGBOGU: DESCRIPTION OF THE LARVA OF Compsoneura njalensis 145 McCafferty, W. P New nomenclatural applications for certain African Heptageniidae (Ephemeroptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 105: McCafferty, W. P. and de Moor, F. C South African Ephemeroptera: problems and priorities. In: Current Directions in Research on Ephemeroptera (Corkum, L.D. and Ciborowski, J. J. H. eds.), pp , Canadian Scholars Press, Inc., Toronto. Medler,J. T Insectsof Nigeriachecklist and bibliography. - Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 30: 919 pp. Navas, L Insectos del Museo de Paris (5e serie). Broteria, Zoologica 24: Navas, L Insectes du Congo BeIge (serie VII). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines 20 (3): Ogbogu, S. S. and Jagun, I. O First report of the mayfy genus Compsoneuria Eaton (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) in Ile-Ife, Southwestern Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Entomology 16: Sartori, M. and Elouard. J. M. (1996). New Heptageniidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) from the Reserve Naturelle Integrale d'andringitra, Madagascar. In: A Floral and Faunal Survey of the Eastern Slopes of the Reserve Naturelle Integrale d'andrin gitra, Madagascar With Reference to Elevational Variation (Goodmann S. M. ed.), Fieldiana (n.s.) 85: Schoonbee, S. H A new record of Compsoneuria njalensis (Kimmins) from South Africa. Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa 29: Ulmer, G Eintagsfliegen (Ephemeropteren) yon den Sunda-Inseln. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Supplement 16: Webb, J. M., Braasch, D. and McCafferty, W. P Re-evaluation of the genera Compsoneuria Eaton and Trichogenia Braasch & Soldan (Epheneroptera: Heptageniidae). Zootaxa 1335: Wang, T.Q. and McCafferty, W.P Heptageniidae (Ephemeroptera) of the World. Part I: Phylogenetic higher classification. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 130: