Sec on 5-6: Paleoclimate

Transcription

1 Sec on 5-6: Paleoclimate Outline Introduc on Tools for assessing climate variability over long me periods Pa erns of climate variability over 2-100s of million years ago Pa erns of climate variability during Pleistocene (2 million to 10,000 years ago) Pa erns of climate variability during Holocene (10,000 years ago to present) Rate of paleoclimate change GEOG 313/513 Fall 2014 Global Climate Change 1 Prof J. Hicke

2 Sec on 5-6: Paleoclimate Learning outcomes be able to describe some of the important tools that climatologists have used to quan fy past climate understand that Earth s climate has been both much warmer and much colder in the distant past be able to explain the different forcings that have influence Earth s climate over eons because of different factors as well as the role of feedbacks recognize that although climate some mes takes 100s to 1000s of years to change, records indicate that some mes climate changes quickly within 20 years GEOG 313/513 Fall 2014 Global Climate Change 2 Prof J. Hicke

3 Sec on 5-6: Paleoclimate Outline Introduc on Tools for assessing climate variability over long me periods Pa erns of climate variability over 2-100s of million years ago Pa erns of climate variability during Pleistocene (2 million to 10,000 years ago) Pa erns of climate variability during Holocene (10,000 years ago to present) Rate of paleoclimate change GEOG 313/513 Fall 2014 Global Climate Change 3 Prof J. Hicke

4 Tree rings Kitchen, Pearson Education, Inc. Global Climate Change 4 Prof J. Hicke

5 Tree rings Kitchen, Pearson Education, Inc. Global Climate Change 5 Prof J. Hicke

6 Interpre ng climate from tree rings knowledge.allianz.com/environment/climate_change/?619/earths- climate- history- wri en- in- ice- wood- stone Global Climate Change 6 Prof J. Hicke

7 Crossda ng tree rings to extend record backward in me With permission of Leonard Miller All rights reserved. Global Climate Change 7 Prof J. Hicke

8 Dendrochronology back 2000 years Kitchen, Pearson Education, Inc. Global Climate Change 8 Prof J. Hicke

9 Ice cores Kitchen, Pearson Education, Inc. Global Climate Change 9 Prof J. Hicke

10 Sec on 5-6: Paleoclimate Outline Introduc on Tools for assessing climate variability over long me periods Pa erns of climate variability over 2-100s of million years ago Pa erns of climate variability during Pleistocene (2 million to 10,000 years ago) Pa erns of climate variability during Holocene (10,000 years ago to present) Rate of paleoclimate change GEOG 313/513 Fall 2014 Global Climate Change 10 Prof J. Hicke

11 Geologic periods Kitchen, Pearson Education, Inc. Global Climate Change 11 Prof J. Hicke

12 Changes in climate and CO 2 Global Climate Change 12 Prof J. Hicke

13 Slow cooling over 10s of millions of years Kitchen, Pearson Education, Inc. Global Climate Change 13 Prof J. Hicke

14 Sec on 5-6: Paleoclimate Outline Introduc on Tools for assessing climate variability over long me periods Pa erns of climate variability over 2-100s of million years ago Pa erns of climate variability during Pleistocene (2 million to 10,000 years ago) Pa erns of climate variability during Holocene (10,000 years ago to present) Rate of paleoclimate change GEOG 313/513 Fall 2014 Global Climate Change 14 Prof J. Hicke

15 T about Global Climate Change 15 Prof J. Hicke

16 Pleistocene Glacial Periods Kitchen, Pearson Education, Inc. Global Climate Change 16 Prof J. Hicke

17 Pleistocene Temperature, Sea Level ~5 ºC ~300 Kitchen, Pearson Education, Inc. Global Climate Change 17 Prof J. Hicke

18 If West Antarc ca sheet melted 5 Meters (18 Feet) Sea Level Rise William Haxby, Lamont- Doherty Earth Observatory Global Climate Change 18 Prof J. Hicke

19 CO 2 Changes Follow Temperature Changes Kitchen, Pearson Education, Inc. Global Climate Change 19 Prof J. Hicke

20 CO 2 higher than any me in last 400,000 years Global Climate Change 20 Prof J. Hicke

21 LGM Differences in vegeta on types Global Climate Change 21 Prof J. Hicke

22 Slide courtesy C. Still Global Climate Change 22 Prof J. Hicke

23 Sec on 5-6: Paleoclimate Outline Introduc on Tools for assessing climate variability over long me periods Pa erns of climate variability over 2-100s of million years ago Pa erns of climate variability during Pleistocene (2 million to 10,000 years ago) Pa erns of climate variability during Holocene (10,000 years ago to present) Rate of paleoclimate change GEOG 313/513 Fall 2014 Global Climate Change 23 Prof J. Hicke

24 Global Climate Change 24 Prof J. Hicke

25 Historical (last 2,000 years) climate change Kitchen, Pearson Education, Inc. Global Climate Change 25 Prof J. Hicke

26 Sec on 5-6: Paleoclimate Outline Introduc on Tools for assessing climate variability over long me periods Pa erns of climate variability over 2-100s of million years ago Pa erns of climate variability during Pleistocene (2 million to 10,000 years ago) Pa erns of climate variability during Holocene (10,000 years ago to present) Rate of paleoclimate change GEOG 313/513 Fall 2014 Global Climate Change 26 Prof J. Hicke

27 Rapid climate change in the past Kitchen, Pearson Education, Inc. Global Climate Change 27 Prof J. Hicke

28 Freshening of N. Atlan c, changes in AMOC Kitchen, Pearson Education, Inc. Global Climate Change 28 Prof J. Hicke