Analyse de la météorite "Paris" par faisceaux d'ions et d'agrégats. Manale NOUN 12 Février 2013
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1 Analyse de la météorite "Paris" par faisceaux d'ions et d'agrégats Manale NOUN 12 Février 213
2 Météorite «Paris» «Paris» : a CM chondrite (Blanchard et al., MetSoc 74, 211) 1.37 Kg 5 cm 5 mm 5 μm Détermination de sa composition. Distribution de ses composants et de leur environnement.
3 Méthodes d analyse Analyse par faisceau d ions: PIXE, RBS, µ-pixe Spectroscopie μ-ir en mode de réflexion confocal Spectroscopie μ-raman ToF-SIMS couple à l imagerie (mode statique) ToF-SIMS dynamique
4 Particle Indued X-ray Emission PIXE H + 3MeV I < 1 na Average concentration Diamètre : 3mm profondeur : ~ 1-2 µm
5 H + 3 MeV I < 1 na Rutherford Backscattering Spetroscopy RBS Elément Concentration % C 7.7 O 55
6 Micro PIXE H + 3MeV I < 1 na Ø: 2-5 µm Compon ents Theoretical concentration forsterite (%) Experimental concentration (%) Difference (%) Mg 34,55 32,3 ±,43 6,4 MgO 57,3 53,6 ±,43 6,4 Si 19,96 2,2 ±.61 1,3 SiO 2 42,7 43,3 ±,61 1,3 Forsterite identification
7 Micro PIXE Heavy element: (.86 ±.76) % Molybdenum
8 Micro Infra Rouge Ligne de faisceau «SMIS» au synchrotron SOLEIL : 2 μm aperture, gold reference, 4 cm-1 resolution
9 Micro Infra Rouge Météorite «Paris» 24 Themis asteroid (Rivkin and Emery, Nature 21)
10 Micro Raman Laser 532 nm spot ~ 1,8 μm Enstatite MgSiO 3 Enstatite + Forsterite CaCO 3 + CaSO 4 Forsterite Mg 2 SiO 4
11 Micro Raman Laser 532 nm spot ~ 1,8 μm Carbon aromatique Sulfate de fer
12 ToF-SIMS Bi +, Bi 3 + et Ar délivré par ION TOF V : CLEA-CNRSL Mode statique et dynamique Emission positive and négative Temps de vol (réflecteur)
13 ToF-SIMS Prédominance de l oxygène et du sodium Bi + 25keV μm O- MC: 5; TC: 2.222e+7 μm Na+ MC: 5; TC: 2.362e+7 Certains éléments sont localisés dans des régions spécifiques μm Ca+ MC: 5; TC: 6.647e+6 μm Si+ MC: 12; TC: 1.21e+6 μm Mg+ MC: 5; TC: 1.161e+7 μm Sum of: C2H5+, CH2+, CH3O+, C3H5+, , 71. MC: 228; TC: 9.49e+5
14 ToF-SIMS Région du calcium Emission positive Ca oxides CaOH + Ca + Emission négative O - OH μm Sum of: CaOH+, Ca2O+, Ca2O2+, Ca2O2H+, Ca3O3 MC: 322; TC: 1.71e+6 μm CaOH+ MC: 38; TC: 1.61e+6 μm Ca+ MC: 5; TC: 6.647e+6 Ca + μm O- MC: 5; TC: 2.222e+7 S - μm OH- MC: 5; TC: 1.319e+7 S oxides μm Ca+ MC: 5; TC: 6.647e+6 μm S- MC: 243; TC: 2.36e+6 μm Sum of: SO-, SO2-, SO3-, SO4- MC: 284; TC: 1.446e+6 Sum : CaSO -, CaSO 2-, CaSO 3-, CaSO 4-, CaSO 4 H μm Sum of: CaSO4-, CaSO3-, CaSO-, CaSO2- MC: 19; TC: 1.142e+5
15 Région du magnésium ToF-SIMS μm μm Si- SiO2- MC: 19; TC: 7.881e+4 MC: 81; TC: 1.52e+6. 15
16 ToF-SIMS Cyanure et Cyanate μm CN- MC: 382; TC: 1.382e+6 μm CNO- MC: 77; TC: 4.285e μm Sum of: C2H5+, CH2+, CH3O+, C3H5+, , 71. MC: 228; TC: 9.49e+5 C x H y
17 Région de la matière organique ToF-SIMS μm C x H y μm Sum of: C2H5+, CH2+, CH3O+, C3H5+, , 71. MC: 228; TC: 9.49e+5 Fe+ MC: 5; TC: 7.679e+6 μm O- MC: 5; TC: 2.222e+7 Corrélation entre la matière organique et le fer. Anti-corrélation entre la matière organique et l oxygène.
18 ToF-SIMS CN- Pulvérisation: Ar 1 kev Analyse: Bi keV C 2 H 2 + CNO-
19 Conclusion Depth analysis nm SIMS- Imaging Identification, localisation et environnement des : Eléments. Minéraux et composants organiques. µm 1µm 2µm μ-raman μ-ir PIXE μ-pixe RBS Identification des minéraux et du carbone aromatiques. Analyse élémentaire. Eléments légers dans une matrice lourde: C and O. Composition élémentaire composition (Z >1) et des oxyde (cristaux).
20
21 Météorites Metallic Differentiated : Metallo-Stony Aubrites Howardite Eucrites Diogenites
22 Météorites Primitive Achondrites Undifferentiated : Ordinary chondrites Carbonaceous chondrites CI (Ivuna) CM (Mighei) CO (Ornans) CV (Vigarano) A Chondrule is a spherical grain found in the matrix of meteorites. It is an igneous droplet cooled quickly. The chondrules are free of organic matter and characterized by mineral crystals.
23 Météorites Thermal metamorphism CI CM CO CV Aqueous alteration CI (Ivuna meteorite fell in Tanzania in 1938) Lack of chondrules Lack of refractory inclusions Phyllosilicates, magnetite (FeO Fe 2 O 3 ), olivine ((Mg, Fe) 2 SiO 4 ) and sulfate minerals, lacking metallic Fe High % of amino acids and PAHs CO (Ornans fell in France 1868) Much tiny chondrules (ф: mm) Small and sparsely distributed CAIs Poor in volatile compounds CM (Mighei fell in Ukraine in 1889, Murchison ) Very small chondrules (ф: mm) Light colored inclusions Phyllosilicates, olivine and magnetite Rich in complex organic compounds: amino acids CV (Vigarano fell in Italy in 191) Large chondrules (mm size) Magnesium-rich olivine and iron sulfide Abundant CAIs of different size (up to cm) Poor in volatile compounds
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