EAS 331 Igneous Petrology Fall 2018

Transcription

1 Page 1 EAS 331 Igneous Petrology Fall 2018 Instructor: Robert W. Luth Office: ESB robert.luth@ualberta.ca Course Web Page: eclass Office Hours: Monday , Tuesday , or by appointment Lecture: Tory 1-125, MWF Labs: ESB 3-12 Lab Coordinator: Marilyn Huff GTAs: Matthew Hardman and Alix Osinchuk Calendar Course Description: A survey of igneous rocks from the ocean basins and the continents; their field settings, classification, petrography, mineralogy and chemistry; magmatic processes and petrogenesis; problem solving and laboratory work on major rock suites. Course Prerequisites: CHEM 102 (or SCI 100), and EAS 232. EAS 320 is a corequisite. Do not try to take this course without the pre-/corequisites. By enrolling in this course, you represent that you have passed the prerequisites for it. The Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences reserves the right to remove students from courses for which they do not have the prerequisites, or for failing to enrol in corequisite course(s). It is important to prepare yourself for this course through a review of the appropriate prerequisite material. Course Objectives: This course will introduce you to the diversity of igneous rocks and their petrogenesis to further your understanding of the Earth, and enable you to be able to apply this knowledge in either academic or industry contexts. This course builds on your previous coursework in introductory earth sciences (EAS 100 and 105) and in mineralogy (EAS 224 and 232). You will learn the knowledge and skills to classify igneous rocks, and the theoretical background to be able to place these rocks in the context of where, why, and how they form on Earth. The geochemical aspects of this course complement, and are complemented by, what you will learn in EAS 320 (Geochemistry). This course provides prerequisite knowledge for courses such as EAS 332 (Metamorphic Petrology), EAS 333 (Advanced Geology Field School), EAS 432 (Precambrian Geology), EAS 466 (Petrogenesis), and EAS 467 (Planetary Geology). Required Textbook: Winter, J.D. (2010) Principles of Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology, 2nd edition. You will use this text for both EAS 331 and EAS 332. Recommended or Optional Learning Resources: Notes and the textbook from EAS 232 will be helpful in the laboratory portion of this course. Supplementary materials will be provided as handouts and posted on eclass.

2 Organization of Course: This course is divided into five units as outlined below. For each unit, the appropriate background readings in Winter s text are given. There is much more material in the igneous portion of this textbook than can be learned in a single term. We will sample some topics briefly and some not at all. It would be ideal if you read over the appropriate material in the textbook before I talk about it petrology is difficult, and if you try to absorb everything just from class, it will be challenging and frustrating. You should at least read over the appropriate section of the textbook after each class as needed to help with your understanding of the material. Unit 1: Introduction and context describe the variation in pressure and temperature with depth in the Earth. describe the basics of any igneous system: melting evolution emplacement describe the two basic mechanisms for producing diversity in igneous rock suites and relate them to their appropriate home in the igneous system outline the plate tectonic model as a framework for conceptualizing igneous activity Page 2 Unit 1 reading: Winter, Chapter 1: sections 1.1, 1.2, 1.7, 1.8. Unit 2: Petrography of igneous rocks write out the essential igneous minerals and their chemical formulae describe the mode of emplacement (extrusive versus intrusive) inferred from the texture of a sample produce an accurate petrographic description of a rock sample, including minerals present and their modes and texture demonstrate competence at the basic terminology of igneous rocks by identifying the fields of the QAP, and be able to reproduce the mafic and ultramafic diagrams of the IUGS classification scheme classify a rock sample both in terms of appropriate general labels (felsic/mafic, silicic/basic, etc.), and with the IUGS classification scheme. Unit 2 reading: Winter Chapters 2 and 3. Unit 3: Geochemistry of igneous rocks describe how the chemistry of an igneous melt affects eruptive behaviour through its effects on viscosity and dissolved volatiles graph major element geochemical data for a suite of samples and infer possible relationships between them explain why the lanthanide elements figure so prominently in trace element geochemistry, and interpret a dataset featuring them interpret isotope geochemical data (Rb/Sr and Sm/Nd) in terms of implications of origin and evolution of suite of rock samples. Unit 3 reading: Winter Chapters 4, 8, 9 Unit 4: Magmatic processes

3 use simple phase diagrams to explain magmatic processes of melting and crystallization outline the processes that produce partial melting in common tectonic environments propose possible mechanisms of magmatic differentiation for a suite of rock samples that would relate them. Unit 4 reading: Winter Chapter 6, 7 (sections 7.1.1, ), 10, 11, 12 (sections 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4). Unit 5: Tectonic Environments compare and contrast models of magmatic activity in different tectonic environments (divergent plate boundary, convergent plate boundary, intra-plate) diagnose the possible tectonic context of a suite of rock samples, based on interpretation of the petrography and geochemistry of the suite. Unit 5 reading: Winter Chapters Laboratory Assignments: The laboratory assignments are designed to complement material covered in lecture, and to provide hands-on experience to help the students learn the material and gain the skills necessary to complete the course successfully. They provide practical training in the identification, classification, and interpretation of igneous rocks based on hand samples and thin sections, and in dealing with mineralogical and geochemical data related to igneous rocks. Please bring your hand lens and appropriate reference materials for mineral identification to lab. The lab assignments are to be handed in at the beginning of the next lab (usually in the following week) unless instructed otherwise by the graduate teaching assistants. Please hand your assignments in on time; it makes the GTAs lives easier when they can mark the assignments at one time. Assignments that are handed in late will receive a reduction of the grade of 10% per day, and will not be accepted at all once the lab has been handed back to the other students. Assignments cannot be handed in during weekends. Although the labs are only worth a total of 25% of the course mark, actually doing them is essential to understand the material, practice your skills, and do well on the exams. You are expected to do the labs yourself; submission of work copied from others is an academic offense and will be dealt with according to the University s policies as set out in the Code of Student Behaviour. Some lab exercises are usefully done collaboratively, but what you submit must be your own work. The graduate teaching assistants are available to help you during the laboratory periods. They have other responsibilities, and are limited in the amount of time they are allowed to devote to this course. Therefore, they do not have additional consultation hours outside of the lab periods. Laboratory Schedule: Labs begin week of September 10. Week of 09/10: Lab 1: Introduction to petrography: Igneous minerals in hand sample and thin section Page 3

4 Week of 09/17: Week of 09/24: Week of 10/01: Week of 10/08: Week of 10/15: Week of 10/22: Week of 10/29: Week of 11/05: Week of 11/12: Week of 11/19: Week of 11/26: Week of 12/03: Lab 2: Textures and crystallization sequences of igneous rocks Lab 3: Classification of plutonic igneous rocks Lab 4: Crystallization in mafic magma chambers layered mafic intrusions Lab 5: Basalts Lab exam I Lab 6: Phase Diagrams Lab 7: The subduction factory volcanics Lab 8: The subduction factory plutonics READING WEEK No labs Lab 9: Alkaline igneous rocks, carbonatites, and kimberlites Review for lab exam Lab exam II Evaluation and Grading: All assignments and examinations in this course will be given a numerical score. A cumulative course mark will be calculated from those scores, weighted as tabulated below. A final letter grade will be assigned based upon your cumulative mark and my analysis of the class s cumulative mark distribution. Where possible, natural breaks in the cumulative mark distribution will be used in assigning grades, but no pre-determined distribution of grades will be imposed on the class. Your grade will reflect a combination of your absolute achievement and relative standing in the class. In past years, the mean grade in this course has been in the B- to B range. The mean grade this year will be based on my judgment of the overall calibre of this class relative to past cohorts. Grades are unofficial until approved by the Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences. Exams and Assignments Weighting Date Lecture Exam I 10% Oct. 05 Lecture Exam II 10% Nov. 09 Lecture Final Exam 30% Dec. 19* Lab Assignments 25% due as per schedule Lab Exam I 10% Week of Oct. 15 Lab Exam II 15% Week of Dec. 03 *Students should verify the date, time, and location of the final exam on Bear Tracks when the Final Exam Schedule is posted. Past Evaluative Materials: Past midterm and final exams will be posted on the course website to illustrate the types of questions that will be posed on the exams. The exams from 2013 and 2014 are not posted because I did not teach the course those years. Missed Term Exams and Assignments: For an excused absence where the cause is religious belief, a student must contact the instructor(s) within two weeks of the start of classes to request accommodation for the term (including the final exam, where relevant). Please provide appropriate documentation to substantiate your request. Page 4

5 A student who cannot write a term examination or complete a term assignment because of an incapacitating illness, severe domestic affliction or other compelling reasons can apply for a deferred midterm examination or an extension of time to complete the assignment. Applications for both are to be made in writing to the instructor within 48 hours of the missed exam or assignment due date. Please consult with the instructor regarding necessary supporting documentation. Deferral of term work is a privilege, not a right; there is no guarantee that a deferral will be granted. Misrepresentation of facts to gain a deferral is a serious breach of the Code of Student Behaviour. Deferred Final Examination: A student who cannot write the final examination because of an incapacitating illness or is suffering from severe domestic affliction or other compelling reasons can apply for a deferred final examination. Such an application must be made to the student s Faculty office within 48 hours of the missed examination and must be supported by appropriate documentation or a Statutory Declaration. Deferred examinations are a privilege and not a right; there is no guarantee that a deferred examination will be granted. Misrepresentation of facts to gain a deferred examination is a serious breach of the Code of Student Behaviour. If required, the deferred final examination will be held at 9 am on Saturday, 12 January Location TBA. Academic integrity: The University of Alberta is committed to the highest standards of academic integrity and honesty. Students are expected to be familiar with these standards regarding academic honesty and to uphold the policies of the University in this respect. Students are particularly urged to familiarize themselves with the provisions of the Code of Student Behaviour (online at and avoid any behaviour which could potentially result in suspicions of cheating, plagiarism, misrepresentation of facts and/or participation in an offence. Academic dishonesty is a serious offence and can result in suspension or expulsion from the University. All forms of dishonesty are unacceptable at the University. Any offense will be reported to the Associate Dean of Science who will determine the disciplinary action to be taken. Cheating, plagiarism, and misrepresentation of facts are serious offenses. Anyone who engages in these practices will receive at minimum a grade of zero for the exam or paper in question and no opportunity will be given to replace the grade or redistribute the weights. As well, in the Faculty of Science the sanction for cheating on any examination includes a disciplinary failing grade (no exceptions) and senior students should expect a period of suspension or expulsion from the University of Alberta. Examinations: Your student photo I.D. is required at exams to verify your identity. Students will not be allowed to begin an examination after it has been in progress for 30 minutes. Students must remain in the exam room for at least 30 minutes from the time the exam commenced. Electronic equipment cannot be brought into the examination room and hats are not to be worn. Cell phones: Page 5

6 Please turn off cell phones during lectures and labs. Cell phones are not to be in your possession during exams; leave them at home or put them away in your backpack. Students Eligible for Accessibility-related Accommodations (students registered with Accessibility Resources): Eligible students have both rights and responsibilities with regard to accessibility-related accommodations. Consequently, scheduling exam accommodations in accordance with AR deadlines and procedures is essential. Please note adherence to procedures and deadlines is required for U of A to provide accommodations. Contact Accessibility Resources ( for further information. Academic Success Centre: Students who require additional help in developing strategies for better time management, study skills or examination skills should contact the Academic Success Centre ( Recording and/or Distribution of Course Materials: Audio or video recording, digital or otherwise, of lectures, labs, seminars or any other teaching environment by students is allowed only with the prior written consent of the instructor or as a part of an approved accommodation plan. Student or instructor content, digital or otherwise, created and/or used within the context of the course is to be used solely for personal study, and is not to be used or distributed for any other purpose without prior written consent from the content author(s). Course Outline Policy: Policy about course outlines can be found in the University Calendar. Disclaimer: Any typographical errors in this Course Outline are subject to change and will be announced in class. The date of the final examination is set by the Registrar and takes precedence over the final examination date reported in this syllabus. Page 6