Dinantien Kalkstenen zijn hot! van grafsteen tot grot door Bastiaan Jaarsma (EBN)

Transcription

1 Dinantien Kalkstenen zijn hot! van grafsteen tot grot door Bastiaan Jaarsma (EBN)

2 enkele kernboodschappen: Ambitie: 50 PJ aardwarmte in 2030, 200+ in 2050 (nu 3 PJ) (opschaling van 17 doubletten nu naar resp. 175 en 700+) Richting 2050 met name opschalen in gebouwde omgeving, daarnaast in lichte industrie afh. van resultaten UDG pilots Download: 3 e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 2

3 Ultra Deep Geothermal Program (UDG) to assess high temperature GT potential of Dinantian Carbonates, below 4 km Green Deal UDG (June 2017) - EBN, TNO, Ministries and 6 industry consortia corporate to utilize synergies and lower risks Program Technical play-based - seismic acquisition / processing / interpretation, facies and diagenesis, petrophysics, static & dynamic reservoir models, temperature gradients, stress & seismicity, conceptual well and stimulation design, risk analyses Non-technical program - business cases, stake holder management, communication, heat demand and surface system integration, financing Activities should result in identification of 1-3 pilot UDG projects Duration 3 years, ~25 FTE, 28 million. Strong government support 3 e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 3

4 What are Dinantian Carbonates? They are Shallow-marine platform carbonates of Lower Carboniferous age (~350 million years old) Geological formation also known as Kolenkalk These rocks have been used for ages Belgisch Hardsteen 3 e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 4

5 Dinantian (Lower Carboniferous) Carbonates are hot! Present day distribution of the Dinantian Carbonates in the Netherlands wells that drilled Dinantian strata? Netherlands??? Germany carbonate platforms (proven) carbonate platforms (possible) carbonate platforms less likely (basin facies) Depth range 1 5 km (or more) Temperature gradient ~31 degrees / km Belgium Map modified from Boxem et al, (2016) 3 e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 5

6 Dinantian (Lower Carboniferous) Carbonates are hot! Potential for hydrocarbons and geothermal being explored at the same time UGS project in Belgium Exploration for hydrocarbons in Southern North Sea Netherlands Shallow geothermal projects Belgium Germany Green Deal - Ultra Deep Geothermal projects Map modified from Boxem et al, (2016) 3 e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 6

7 Predicting reservoir quality is a challenge Requires realistic input parameters (ranges) porosity and permeability fracture porosity and permeability fracture swarm Fracture swarms fault damage zone fault damage zone matrix porosity and andpermeability 10 S to 100 s m Background fractures FAULT ZONE arrows indicate fluid flow From Di Cuia et al. (2005) 3 e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 7

8 Dinantian Carbonates are heterogeneous Seismic expression varies a lot (data density and quality as well) Dinantian carbonate platform faulted and karstified 2D lines 80 s 90 s Bron: Yang et al. (2010) 3 e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 8

9 Dinantian Carbonates are heterogeneous Seismic expression varies a lot (and data density and quality as well) SW NE Uithuizermeeden platform below Groningen gasfield Reprocessed / PSDM 3D 90 s From Kortekaas and Jaarsma (2018) 3 e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 9

10 Dinantian Carbonates are heterogeneous Seismic expression varies a lot (and data density and quality as well) W E Californie geothermal projects 2 2D lines 2009 From EBN (2016) 3 e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 10

11 Dinantian Carbonates are heterogeneous Large variations in log porosity, severe losses, but sparse well dataset From Reijmer et al., e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 11

12 Dinantian Carbonates are heterogeneous Californie geothermal projects producing from / injecting in this reservoir reservoir modeling TNO well Cal-GT-01 drilled large cavity, well tested ~240 m 3 /hr production from fractured / karstified fault zone and injection away from fault zone. Possibly Devonian part of the system as well? the sparse G&G dataset leaves room for various hypotheses on production dynamics (Dominique Reith (2018, in progress)) 3 e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 12

13 Dinantian Carbonates are hot! predicting reservoir quality is a challenge Multiple indications and examples of good reservoir quality in the Dinantian Carbonates from wells and from seismic Various (proven and unproven) reservoir types can be explored sparse data density and mostly limited data quality at target depth requires a play-based exploration program, using analogues Ultra Deep Geothermal (UDG) program to assess geothermal potential of the Dinantian Carbonates 3 e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 13

14 Ultra Deep Geothermal Program (UDG) to assess high temperature GT potential of Dinantian Carbonates, below 4 km Green Deal UDG - EBN, TNO, Ministries and 6 industry consortia corporate to utilize synergies and lower risks Program Technical play-based - seismic acquisition / processing / interpretation, facies and diagenesis, petrophysics, static & dynamic reservoir models, temperature gradients, stress & seismicity, conceptual well and stimulation design, risk analyses Non-technical program - business cases, stake holder management, communication, heat demand and surface system integration, financing Activities should result in identification of 1-3 pilot UDG projects Duration 3 years, ~25 FTE, 28 million. Strong government support 3 e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 14

15 In the lack of data, we need analogues 1) to predict reservoir quality 2) to take technical learnings from other projects Use outcrops Faults & fractures, diagenesis, stratigraphy, rock properties E.g. Belgium, Germany, England, Ireland, Spain, Kazakhstan choose the right ones Crossover - learn from oil & gas fields Reservoir quality and performance (over time) Operations and technical risks Lots of (released / published) data and insights Dinantian Carbonates in Caspian Sea (example next slide), Ukraine, England, UGS Belgium Other (deep) carbonates 3 e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 15

16 Example - Tengiz and other Caspian oil fields analogue for platforms in Dutch northern onshore in more than one way Caspian Sea Friesland / Groningen 1. Reservoir Quality From Hoornveld, e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie Collins et al. (2014) 16

17 Example - Tengiz and other Caspian oil fields analogue for platforms in Dutch northern onshore in more than one way 1. Reservoir Quality Collins et al. (2014) 2. Technical learnings (including risks) Drilling, stimulation, completion and abandonment 3 e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 17

18 In the lack of data, we need analogues 1) to predict reservoir quality 2) to take technical learnings from other projects Learn from existing geothermal projects Reservoir quality and performance (over time) Operations and technical risks Often limited (released / published) data 3 Dinantian projects Belgium and the Netherlands Other carbonates, e.g. Molasse Basin in Germany and Switzerland From Meneses Rioseco, e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 18

19 Safe & Responsible pre-requisites for UDG and any other subsurface activity Technical studies within UDG program include: presence of gas or H2S corrosion seismicity overpressures reservoir stimulation Results will be made public 3 e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 19

20 Dinantian Carbonates are hot! Summary (1/2) Dinantian Carbonates are the target for geothermal and hydrocarbon exploration at a range of depths and temperatures The Green Deal - Ultra Deep Geothermal (UDG) program will assess the (high temperature) geothermal potential of the Dinantian Carbonates in the Netherlands, with strong support of the Dutch government The Dinantian Carbonates are heterogeneous at different scales Current seismic and well data sets (at target level) are sparse and of variable quality 3 e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 20

21 Dinantian Carbonates are hot! Summary (2/2) Analogues are therefore of key importance, 1. to predict reservoir performance (different reservoir types may have different analogues) 2. for learnings on operations and technical risks. This requires cross-over from oil & gas industry Analysis of the technical risks is part of the program required for safe and responsible development of projects 3 e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 21

22 Focus Energie in beweging opinie en achtergronden over de energietransitie Download: 3 e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 22

23 Energie in Nederland aanbod en verbruik in één oogopslag Download: e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 23

24 Dinantien Kalkstenen zijn hot! van grafsteen tot grot Bedankt voor uw aandacht! e Nationaal Congres Bodemenergie 24