Homework Packet. Name: Period: Teacher:

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1 Homework Packet Name: Period: Teacher: 1

2 Name Per, Is IT ÿÿ ÿiÿi?fÿr, OR SALTY? Identify the following properties as to Acid, Base or Salt, 1. acid + base ÿ water +? 2. Tastes sour 3, Turns litmus red 4. Produces [H30+] in solution 5. Neutral solution 6. Produces the [OH'] in solution 7. Neutralizes an acid 8.? + metal.-> hydrogen gas 9. Feels slippery 10. Usually has OH in the formula Note that H30+ ions are "hydrated" hydrogen ions. H+ and H30 are interchangeable, H + H20 = H30+ 2

3 Name: Chemistry PreoAP Period: Properties and Identification of ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS SECTION 1: IDENTIFICATION - Identify the following examples as: A = acid B -- base S -- salt Remember from the previous units, a salt is any ionic compound, excluding what we classify as a base, 1, AgOH 7, Mg(OH)2 2. MgSO4 8, HNO3 3, ZnCO3 9, Pb(C10)2 4, H2SO4 10, (NH4)2CO3 5. NaOH!!, HC2H HC10!2, HBr SECTION 2: PROPERTIES - Determine if each of the following is an acid (A) or a base (B) using the descriptions listed. 13, A cleaning solution turns litmus paper blue, 14, Your breakfast juice tasted sour, 15, The substance you are analyzing in lab has a greater concentration ofh than OH, 16, The face wash you used this morning felt slippery, 17, The battery in your remote control was alkaline. 18. The bumper on your car started to corrode because the rain water had a ph of 5, 19, Your morn washed your mouth out with soap (you probably deserved it) and it tasted bitter, 20, Drinldng too much Coke is bad for my teeth and it will turn litmus paper red, 21. The bleach I spilled on my favorite shirt had a ph of 10, 22, The Drano that I used to unclog the drain has more OH ions than H+ ions, SECTION 3: STRONG/WEAK ACIDS AND BASES - Using your notes, fill in the following information. Make a list of the strong acids: How can you tell if an acid is weak? Make a list of the strong bases: What is the main weak base you need to know? Which of the above categories are strong electrolytes? weak electrolytes? 3

4 Name Per. Practice Worksheet: Acid/Base Noraenclature Decide whether each is an acid or base, and then write formulas: 1. sulfuric acid 6. sodium hydroxide 2. chloric acid 7. phosphorous acid 3. magnesium hydroxide 8, ammonia 4. nitric acid 9, calcium hydroxide 5, hydrofluoric acid 10. hydrobromic acid Decide whether each is an acid or base, and then write names: 11, H2CO3 12. AI(OH)3 13, H3PO4 14. HCIO4 15, KOH t6, HCI 17, HNO2 18. Ba(OH)2 19. H2803 2O. HCN 4

5 Name: Part I: Discovering the math behind ph phooey! Period: Instructions: The following data table contains some data collected in a lab by students just like you, I have added some additional information to help you understand and make connections between the values for ph and the math used to determine these values from concentration, Complete this table by adding in the missing values: Substance Stomach acid (0.1 M HCI) Clear Soda Rain Water Distilled Water Alcohol Salt Water Washing soda Ammonia Drain Cleaner 0,1 M NaOH' 1 M NaOH 1 M HCl Acidic or Basic? Acidic Acidic Neutral Basic ph 13 [H+] (in decimal) 0.1M 0,00! M O1M OO1M M [H+] (in scientific. notation) t,ox t0-1 M 1,0x 10-o M t,ox 10-8M 1,0 x 10-lo M 1.0 x M Answer the following questions: 1, What does [H+] stand for? 2. If you know the concentration of [H+] of a solution in decimal form, explain how you can determine its ph, 3. If you know the concentration of [H+] of a solution in scientific notation, explain how you can determine its ph, 4, As the value of ph increases, what happens to the concentration of H+? 5. As the value of ph decreases, what happens to the concentration of H+? 6. Solution A has a ph of 5. Solution B has a ph of 9, a. What is the [H+] of Solution A? Solution B? b. Identify the solutions as acidic or basic. c. Which solution has the greatest concentration of H+? How many times greater is the concentration of H+? 5

6 Part I1: Looking at hydroxide, OH" Instructions: Imagine the following table contains results of a series of dilutions of HCI and NaOH, Additional information about the solutions (the poh) is included, Complete this table by adding in the missing values: HCl Solution NaOH Solution Well A B C D E F G H I R Q P 0 N M L K J [H+] xl0-1 M x 10-2M x 10-3M 4, 1,0 x 10-4M 5 1,0 x IO-ÿM 6!,0 x!0-6m x 10-7M x 10-7M 7 t,0 x 10-7 M x 10-7M 7 1,0 X 10"7 M 7 1,0 x t07m 8 1,0 x 10.8 M X 10.9 M x 1040 M x 10-11M x M 13!.0 x!013 M = ph [oa-i 1.0 x M t.0 x 101 M 1,0x 107M 1,0x 10.7 M 1.0x 10.5 M... poh ,0x 10-2M 1,0 x 10-1 M 1 Answer the following questions: 1, What does [OH] stand for? 2, What can you say about the concentration of OH-in solutions with high acidity? 3, How is the value of the ph related to the value of the poh for each concentration? 4. If you know the value of the ph, how can you determine the value of the poh for the same solution? Making the connection: How are ph and poh related to each other mathematically? How are [H ]and [OH-] related to each other mathematically? 6

7 WS9.6 ph&poh 1. What is ph a measure of? 2. What is the equation used for finding ph? 3. What is the equation that relates to ph and poh? 4. Complete the following table: [H+] [OH-] a 1.0 x 10"3 "f # x t o 'j "t ph 3 poh acidic, basic, or neutral b 1.0 x 10-5 c d e f g h 7.00 i 3,2 x 10`3 J 1.8 x 10"14 k I 6.78 m n 0, p... 5, What would be the ph of each of the following: (DANGER! beware of tricks.,, use the ANS BANKI) a) M HCI g) M HCI b) M HNO3 h) M KOH c) M NaOH i) M HCI d) M HCl j) O.O M HCI... mÿw1,... e) 1.0 M HBr k) 12 M KOH f) 1.0 M KOH I) 12 M HCI Arts #4 (a=h)(iro): acid, acid, base, base, base, base, neutral Ans #4 (i-p)(iro): acid, acid, acid, barely acid, base, base, base, base Ans #5 (IRO): ÿ [ÿ-ÿ Co(bLÿ4ÿ #rÿ''ÿ 7

8 Name Per. Acid Base Seesaw Determine the ph, poh, [H+], or [OH] and write the answer in the blank to the left. Then determine whether each solution is acidic (A), basic (B), or neutral (N). Acid: [H+] > [OH] and ph < 7, poh > 7 Base: [II+] < [OH-] and ph > 7, poh < 7 Neutral: [H+] = [OH] and ph = 7 = poh Which ion concentration is greater? Which way does the seesaw tilt? ph = - log [H+] [H+] = 10 -ph [H+] x [OH'] = 1,0 x poh = - log [OH'] [OH'] = 10 - poh ph + poh = ph when poh = 4,0 A / B /N9 2. phwhen [H+] = 1.0x 10-8 A/B IN9 3. poh when [OH] = 1,0 x 10- l0 A / B IN9 4. [H+] when ph = 2,0 A / B IN9 5. ph when [H+] = 5,46 x 10.9 A / B IN9 6. [OH] when [H+] = 1,78 x A / B in9 7. ph when [H+] = 2.45 x 10-5 A / B IN9 8. poh of a solution with ph = 10.7 A / B IN9 9, [H+] when ph = 8.2 A / B IN9 10. [H+] when [OH] = 2,73 x 10-6 A / B IN9 11. ph ofsol'n w/3.2 x 10-Smoles H+ / 500, ml sol'n A / B IN? 12. ph ofsol'n w/9,4 x 10-2moles H+ / 250, ml sol'n A / B IN? 13. ph when [IT] = 1.0 x 10-6 A / B IN? 15. IfpH = 3.78, poh =? A / B IN? 16. ph of a solution with [H+] = 8.54 x 10-4 A / B /N? 17. ph of sol'n w/4.3 moles IT / 400, ml sol'n A / B /N? 18. poh of sol'n w/2.3 x 10-9moles OH / 500.mL so!'na / B /N? 19. [OH] when poh = 4.90 A / B /N? 20. poh when [OH] = 7.50 x 10-3 A / B /N? 8

9 Name: Date: Period: ph Calculations part II The hydroxide ion concentration of an aqueous solution is 6.4xl 0"s M. What is the hydronium ion concenh'ation? 2, Calculate the H30+ and OH" concenh'ations in a 7,50x10"4 M solution ofhno3, a strong acid, 3, Determine the ph of a M solution of HBr, 4, What is the ph of a solution that has a hydronium ion concentration of 1.0 M? 5, What is the ph of a 2,0 M solution of HCl, assuming the acid remains 100% ionized?, What is the ph of a solution with the following hydroxide ion concentrations? a, lxl04 M b, 5x10"8 M c, 2,90x10"11M 7. What are the poh and hydroxide ion concentration of a solution with a ph of 8,92? 8, What are the poh values of solutions with the following hydronium ion concentrations? a. 2,51x10"13 M b, 4.3x10"3M c, 0,070 M 9, A solution is prepared by dissolving 3,50 g of sodium hydroxide in water and adding water until the total volume of the solution is 2,50 L, What are the OH- and H30+ concenta'ations? *HINT: First calculate the molarity of the solution! 10. If 1,00 L of a potassium hydroxide solution with a ph of 12,90 is diluted to 2.00 L, what is the ph of the resulting solution? *HINT: Remember MÿVI = M2V21 9

10 Name Chemistly-PreAP Practice Worksheet Neutralization Reactions Per, I. Nomenclature Name the following: Write formulas for the following: l. HCIO2 4, hydrobromic acid 2. HNO3 5. lithium hydroxide 3. HC2H302 6, calcium hydroxide II. Neutralization Reactions: write the balanced molecular equation, complete ionic equation, and net ionic equation for the reaction between the following acids and bases, Before you begin the complete ionic equations, you should identify each substance as a strong or weak acid/base, a salt, or water. 7, hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide 8, acetic acid and sodium hydroxide 9. hydrofluoric acid and potassium hydroxide 10. nitrous acid and lithium hydroxide 11. nitric acid and strontium hydroxide 12, hydrochloric acid and ammonia (just transfer H+ from the acid to the base; water is there but it doesn't show in the equation) 10

11 Name: Date: TRrations Wovkÿheet Chemistry Pre AP Period: A student titrates a 20,00 ml sample of a solution of HBr with unlmown molarity, The tit:ration requires ml of a 0,1819 M solution of NaOH, What is the molarity of the HBr solution? 2. Vinegar can be assayed (sampled) to determine its acetic acid content, Determine the molarity of acetic acid in a ml sample of vinegar that requires ml of a M solution of NaOH to reach the equivalence point (end of tih'atlon), 3. A 50,00 ml sample of a sodium hydroxide solution is titrated with a 1,605 M solution of sulfuric acid, The titration requires 24,09 ml of the acid solution to reach the equivalence point, What is the molarity of the solution? 4. A ml sample of a solution of St(OH)2 is titrated to the equivalence point with ml of M HC1. What is the molarity of the St(OH)2 solution? 5, A 4,955 g sample of solid NaOH is dissolved and diluted to 500,00 ml with water, A 20,00 ml sample of this solution is titrated to the equivalence point with 22,26 ml of a solution of HCl, What is the concentration of the acid? 11