st Semester Exam Review

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Oswin Baker
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1 Name: Hour: Date: st Semester Exam Review 1. Does each of the following describe a physical change or a chemical change? a. the helium gas inside a balloon tends to leak out after a few hours b. plants grow c. salt dissolves in a bowl of soup: d. glow sticks glow when bent and shook: 2. Fill in the chart. Element/Ion Atomic # Atomic Mass Mass # Protons Neutrons Electrons 14 C Br Describe the modern model of an atom. Include the location of the protons, neutrons, and electrons, where the most volume is, and where the most mass is. Draw a picture of a representative atom to go along with your explanation. 4. Calculate the percent composition by mass of each element in calcium phosphate. 5. Peroxyacylnitrate is one of the components of smog. It contains 19.8% C, 2.50% H, 11.6% N and 65.5% O. Calculate its empirical formula. 1

2 6. Write the name of each of the following compounds. a. SrCl2: b. Al(NO3)3: c. H3PO4: d. BaHPO4: e. CCl4: f. NO2: 7. Write the chemical formula for each of the following compounds. a. calcium nitride: b. sulfuric acid: c. ammonium sulfate: d. potassium sulfide: e. dinitrogen tetroxide: f. phosphorus trichloride: 8. Predict the products, balance the equation, write the complete ionic and net ionic equation for the reaction of sodium nitrate, Na2SO4, and calcium chloride, CaCl2. Include the correct state after each reactant and product. 9. Consider the reaction: MnO2 + HCl MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O a. If 0.86 moles of MnO2 and 48.2 g of HCl react, which reagent is the limiting reagent? b. How many grams of Cl2 will be produced? c. You produce 18.5 g of Cl2 in lab. What is your percent yield? d. How much of the excess reagent will be left over? 2

3 10. How many atoms of C are in g of C6H12O6? 11. A 5.4 L sample of gas at STP is heated to C and its pressure is decreased to 0.5 atm. What is the new volume of the gas? 12. Circle the isotope in each of the following sets that will have the greatest abundance in nature. a. C-12 C-10 C-14 b. H-1 H-2 H Under constant pressure conditions a 9.6 L sample of hydrogen gas initially at 88 0 C is cooled until its final volume is 4.3 L. What is its final temperature in 0 C? 14. Carbon has two naturally occurring isotopes. 95% of carbon is C-12 and 5% of carbon in nature if C-14. Calculate its average atomic mass. 15. A 5.6 L helium balloon is brought from sea level where the pressure is 1.0 atm to the top of Mt. Everest where the pressure is 34 kpa. What will the new volume of the balloon be? 16. Group the following elements according to those that have similar physical and chemical properties. Neon, copper, nitrogen, xenon, sodium, silver, lithium, phosphorus, gold, cesium, helium 17. Name three metals, nonmetals, and metalloids on the periodic table. 3

4 18. Which of the following substances represent the same element? Which are cations? Which are anions? Which are metals? Which are nonmetals? A B C D E F G # protons # electrons # neutrons Write the correct (X Z A) symbol for each of the particles in #18, where X is the element symbol, Z is the atomic number, and A is the mass number. 20. Answer #31 and #32 on page 70 in your textbook. 21. Draw pictures that represent CO2 as a solid, liquid, and gas. 22. Balance the following equations. a) NaNO3 + PbO Pb(NO3)2 + Na2O b) AgI + Fe2(CO3)3 FeI3 + Ag2CO3 c) C2H4O2 + O2 CO2 + H2O d) ZnSO4 + Li2CO3 ZnCO3 + Li2SO4 23. How many grams of KOH are present in 35.0 ml of a 5.50 M solution? 4

5 24. In the following redox reaction, write the name of the reduced element and the name of the oxidized element. Identify the reducing and oxidizing agents. 2 Cs + Br 2 2 CsBr reduced element: oxidized element: reducing agent: oxidizing agent: 2 C 2H O 2 4 CO H 2O reduced element: oxidized element: reducing agent: oxidizing agent: 25. Assign oxidation numbers to the element underlined in each of the following particles. Write the oxidation number of the underlined element of the line. a. MnO 4-1 : b. C 2H 2 Type 26. Identify the type of reaction and predict the products of the following reactions. Balance each one. If a reaction doesn t occur, write N.R. for no reaction. CaCl 2 (aq) + Mg (s) H 2CO 3(aq) + Ba(OH) 2(aq) Ag (s) + Hg(NO 3) 2 (aq) HBr (aq) + Ca(OH) 2(aq) CH4(g) + O2(g) 5

6 Use the following article to answer questions # Spent fuel (SF), a radioactive waste, is often buried underground in canisters for disposal. As it decays, SF generates high heat and raises the temperature of the surrounding rock, which may expand and crack, allowing radioactivity to escape into the environment. Scientists wanted to determine which of 4 rock types rock salt, granite, basalt, or shale would be least affected by the heat from SF. The thermal conductivity (how well heat is conducted through a material) and heating trends of the 4 rock types were studied. Fifty holes, each 0.5 m across and 20 m deep, were dug into each of the following: a rock salt deposit, granite bedrock, basalt bedrock, and shale bedrock. A stainless steel canister containing 0.4 metric tons of SF was buried in each hole. The rock temperature was measured next to each canister after 1 year had passed. The results are shown in Table 1, along with the typical thermal conductivity of each rock type, in Watts per meter per C (W/m C), at 25 C. The higher the thermal conductivity, the more quickly heat is conducted through the rock and away from the canisters. The scientists also determined the thermal conductivity of the 4 rock types at a number of different temperatures between 0 C and 400 C. (Figure 1) 27. Based only on the information provided, which of the following rock types would be the safest in which to bury SF? A. rock salt B. granite C. basalt D. shale 28. According to the experiment, the thermal conductivity of rock salt measured at a temperature of 500 C would be closest to which of the following values? (1 point) A. 1.0 W/m C B. 2.0 W/m C C. 3.5 W/m C D. 4.0 W/m C Rock Table 1 Thermal Conductivity (W/m C) Rock Temperature ( C) Figure 1 Rock Salt Granite Basalt Shale Identify 2 constants in the experiment. 6

Chemistry 104 Final Exam Content Evaluation and Preparation for General Chemistry I Material

Chemistry 104 Final Exam Content Evaluation and Preparation for General Chemistry I Material What is 25 mph in mm s 1? Unit conversions What is 1025 K in o F? Which is larger 1 ft 3 or 0.1 m 3? What is