AP Chapter 3 Study Questions

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1 Class: Date: AP Chapter 3 Study Questions True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. The mass of a single atom of an element (in amu) is numerically EQUAL to the mass in grams of 1 mole of that element. 2. The molecular weight is ALWAYS a whole-number multiple of the empirical formula weight. 4. A great deal of the carbon dioxide produced by the combustion of fossil fuels is absorbed into the oceans. 5. The quantity of product that is calculated to form when all of the limiting reagent reacts is called the actual yield. 3. Carbon dioxide called a greenhouse gas because bacterial degradation of fertilizers in a greenhouse environment produce large quantities of carbon dioxide. Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 6. When the following equation is balanced, the coefficients are. NH 3 (g) + O 2 (g) NO 2 (g) + H 2 O (g) a. 1, 1, 1, 1 b. 4, 7, 4, 6 c. 2, 3, 2, 3 d. 1, 3, 1, 2 e. 4, 3, 4, 3 7. When the following equation is balanced, the coefficients are. Al(NO 3 ) 3 + Na 2 S Al 2 S 3 + NaNO 3 a. 2, 3, 1, 6 b. 2, 1, 3, 2 c. 1, 1, 1, 1 d. 4, 6, 3, 2 e. 2, 3, 2, 3 8. When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of H 2 is. K (s) + H 2 O (l) KOH (aq) + H 2 (g) a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of Al is. Al (s) + H 2 O (l) Al(OH) 3 (s) + H 2 (g) a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 5 e When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of H 2 O is. Ca (s) + H 2 O (l) Ca(OH) 2 (aq) + H 2 (g) a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 5 e When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of Al 2 O 3 is. Al 2 O 3 (s) + C (s) + Cl 2 (g) AlCl 3 (s) + CO (g) a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. 5 1

2 12. When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of H 2 S is. FeCl 3 (aq) + H 2 S (g) Fe 2 S 3 (s) + HCl (aq) a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 5 e When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of HCl is. CaCO 3 (s) + HCl (aq) CaCl 2 (aq) + CO 2 (g) + H 2 O (l) a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of HNO 3 is. HNO 3 (aq) + CaCO 3 (s) Ca(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + CO 2 (g) + H 2 O (l) a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 5 e When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of H 3 PO 4 is. H 3 PO 4 (aq) + NaOH (aq) Na 3 PO 4 (aq) + H 2 O (l) a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of C 3 H 8 O 3 is. C 3 H 8 O 3 (g) + O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) + H 2 O (g) a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 7 e When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of O 2 is. C 2 H 4 O (g) + O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) + H 2 O (g) a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5 e When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of H 2 is. CO (g) + H 2 (g) H 2 O (g) + CH 4 (g) a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of H 2 SO 4 is. H 2 SO 4 (aq) + NaOH (aq) Na 2 SO 4 (aq) + H 2 O (l) a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of water is. K (s) + H 2 O (l) KOH (aq) + H 2 (g) a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of hydrogen is. K (s) + H 2 O (l) KOH (aq) + H 2 (g) a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of oxygen is. PbS (s) + O 2 (g) PbO (s) + SO 2 (g) a. 1 b. 3 c. 2 d. 4 e When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of sulfur dioxide is. PbS (s) + O 2 (g) PbO (s) + SO 2 (g) a. 5 b. 1 c. 3 d. 2 e. 4 2

3 24. When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of dinitrogen pentoxide is. N 2 O 5 (g) + H 2 O (l) HNO 3 (aq) a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of water is. N 2 O 5 (g) + H 2 O (l) HNO 3 (aq) a. 5 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of nitric acid is. N 2 O 5 (g) + H 2 O (l) HNO 3 (aq) a. 5 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e Write the balanced equation for the reaction that occurs when methanol, CH 3 OH (1), is burned in air. What is the coefficient of methanol in the balanced equation? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. 3/2 28. Write the balanced equation for the reaction that occurs when methanol, CH 3 OH (1), is burned in air. What is the coefficient of oxygen in the balanced equation? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. 3/2 29. What is the coefficient of O 2 when the following equation is completed and balanced? C 4 H 8 O 2 + O 2 a. 2 b. 3 c. 5 d. 6 e Predict the product in the combination reaction below. Al (s) + N 2 (g) 31. The balanced equation for the decomposition of sodium azide is. a. 2NaN 3 (s) 2Na (s) + 3N 2 (g) b. 2NaN 3 (s) Na 2 (s) + 3N 2 (g) c. NaN 3 (s) Na (s) + N 2 (g) d. NaN 3 (s) Na (s) + N 2 (g) + N (g) e. 2NaN 3 (s) 2Na (s) + 2N 2 (g) 32. There are mol of carbon atoms in 4 mol of dimethylsulfoxide (C 2 H 6 SO). a. 2 b. 6 c. 8 d. 4 e There are sulfur atoms in 25 molecules of C 4 H 4 S 2. a b c d. 50 e There are hydrogen atoms in 25 molecules of C 4 H 4 S 2. a. 25 b c d. 100 e A sample of C 3 H 8 O that contains 200 molecules contains carbon atoms. a. 600 b. 200 c d e How many grams of hydrogen are in 46 g of CH 4 O? a. 5.8 b. 1.5 c. 2.8 d e How many grams of oxygen are in 65 g of C 2 H 2 O 2? a. 18 b. 29 c. 9.0 d. 36 e How many moles of carbon dioxide are there in g of carbon dioxide? a b c d e There are molecules of methane in mol of methane (CH 4 ). a. 5 b c d e a. AlN b. Al 3 N c. AlN 2 d. Al 3 N 2 e. AlN 3 3

4 40. A 2.25-g sample of magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO 3 ) 2, contains mol of this compound. a b c d e A 22.5-g sample of ammonium carbonate contains mol of ammonium ions. a b c d e What is the empirical formula of a compound that contains 27.0% S, 13.4% O, and 59.6% Cl by mass? a. SOCl b. SOCl 2 c. S 2 OCl d. SO 2 Cl e. ClSO What is the empirical formula of a compound that contains 29% Na, 41% S, and 30% O by mass? a. Na 2 S 2 O 3 b. NaSO 2 c. NaSO d. NaSO 3 e. Na 2 S 2 O What is the empirical formula of a compound that contains 49.4% K, 20.3% S, and 30.3% O by mass? a. KSO 2 b. KSO 3 c. K 2 SO 4 d. K 2 SO 3 e. KSO A compound contains 40.0% C, 6.71% H, and 53.29% O by mass. The molecular weight of the compound is amu. The molecular formula of this compound is. a. C 2 H 4 O 2 b. CH 2 O c. C 2 H 3 O 4 d. C 2 H 2 O 4 e. CHO A compound that is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen contains 70.6% C, 5.9% H, and 23.5% O by mass. The molecular weight of the compound is 136 amu. What is the molecular formula? a. C 8 H 8 O 2 b. C 8 H 4 O c. C 4 H 4 O d. C 9 H 12 O e. C 5 H 6 O A compound that is composed of only carbon and hydrogen contains 85.7% C and 14.3% H by mass. What is the empirical formula of the compound? a. CH 2 b. C 2 H 4 c. CH 4 d. C 4 H 8 e. C 86 H A compound that is composed of only carbon and hydrogen contains 80.0% C and 20.0% H by mass. What is the empirical formula of the compound? a. C 20 H 60 b. C 7 H 20 c. CH 3 d. C 2 H 6 e. CH A compound contains 38.7% K, 13.9% N, and 47.4% O by mass. What is the empirical formula of the compound? a. KNO 3 b. K 2 N 2 O 3 c. KNO 2 d. K 2 NO 3 e. K 4 NO A compound is composed of only C, H, and O. The combustion of a g sample of the compound yields 1.24 g of CO 2 and g of H 2 O. What is the empirical formula of the compound? a. C 6 H 6 O b. C 3 H 3 O c. CH 3 O d. C 2 H 6 O 5 e. C 2 H 6 O Combustion of a g sample of a compound containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen produced g of CO 2 and g of H 2 O. What is the empirical formula of the compound? a. C 3 H 8 O b. C 3 H 5 O c. C 6 H 16 O 2 d. C 3 H 9 O 3 e. C 3 H 6 O Combustion of a g sample of a compound containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen produced g of CO 2 and g of H 2 O. What is the empirical formula of the compound? a. C 2 H 5 O b. C 4 H 10 O 2 c. C 4 H 11 O 2 d. C 4 H 10 O e. C 2 H 5 O Magnesium and nitrogen react in a combination reaction to produce magnesium nitride: 3 Mg + N 2 Mg 3 N 2 In a particular experiment, a 9.27-g sample of N 2 reacts completely. The mass of Mg consumed is g. a b c d e

5 54. The combustion of ammonia in the presence of excess oxygen yields NO 2 and H 2 O: 4 NH 3 (g) + 7 O 2 (g) 4 NO 2 (g) + 6 H 2 O (g) The combustion of 28.8 g of ammonia consumes g of oxygen. a b c. 108 d e The combustion of ammonia in the presence of excess oxygen yields NO 2 and H 2 O: 4 NH 3 (g) + 7 O 2 (g) 4 NO 2 (g) + 6 H 2 O (g) The combustion of 43.9 g of ammonia produces g of NO 2. a b. 178 c. 119 d e The combustion of propane (C 3 H 8 ) produces CO 2 and H 2 O: C 3 H 8 (g) + 5O 2 (g) 3CO 2 (g) + 4H 2 O (g) The reaction of 2.5 mol of O 2 will produce mol of H 2 O. a. 4.0 b. 3.0 c. 2.5 d. 2.0 e The combustion of propane (C 3 H 8 ) in the presence of excess oxygen yields CO 2 and H 2 O: C 3 H 8 (g) + 5O 2 (g) 3CO 2 (g) + 4H 2 O (g) When 2.5 mol of O 2 are consumed in their reaction, mol of CO 2 are produced. a. 1.5 b. 3.0 c. 5.0 d. 6.0 e Calcium carbide (CaC 2 ) reacts with water to produce acetylene (C 2 H 2 ): CaC 2 (s) + 2H 2 O (g) Ca(OH) 2 (s) + C 2 H 2 (g) Production of 13 g of C 2 H 2 requires consumption of g of H 2 O. a. 4.5 b. 9.0 c. 18 d e Under appropriate conditions, nitrogen and hydrogen undergo a combination reaction to yield ammonia: N 2 (g) + 3H 2 (g) 2NH 3 (g) A 7.1-g sample of N 2 requires g of H 2 for complete reaction. a b c. 1.2 d. 1.5 e Lead (II) carbonate decomposes to give lead (II) oxide and carbon dioxide: PbCO 3 (s) PbO (s) + CO 2 (g) How many grams of lead (II) oxide will be produced by the decomposition of 2.50 g of lead (II) carbonate? a b c d e GeF 3 H is formed from GeH 4 and GeF 4 in the combination reaction: GeH 4 + 3GeF 4 4GeF 3 H If the reaction yield is 92.6%, how many moles of GeF 4 are needed to produce 8.00 mol of GeF 3 H? a b c d e What mass in grams of hydrogen is produced by the reaction of 4.73 g of magnesium with 1.83 g of water? Mg (s) + 2H 2 O (l) Mg(OH) 2 (s) + H 2 (g) a b c d e Silver nitrate and aluminum chloride react with each other by exchanging anions: 3AgNO 3 (aq)+ AlCl 3 (aq) Al(NO 3 ) 3 (aq) + 3AgCl (s) What mass in grams of AgCl is produced when 4.22 g of AgNO 3 react with 7.73 g of A1C1 3? a b c d e

6 64. How many moles of magnesium oxide are produced by the reaction of 3.82 g of magnesium nitride with 7.73 g of water? Mg 3 N 2 + 3H 2 O 2NH 3 + 3MgO a b c d e A 3.82-g sample of magnesium nitride is reacted with 7.73 g of water. Mg 3 N 2 + 3H 2 O 2NH 3 + 3MgO The yield of MgO is 3.60 g. What is the percent yield in the reaction? a b c d e Pentacarbonyliron (Fe(CO) 5 ) reacts with phosphorous trifluoride (PF 3 ) and hydrogen, releasing carbon monoxide: Fe(CO) 5 + PF 3 + H 2 Fe(CO) 2 (PF 3 ) 2 (H) 2 + CO (not balanced) The reaction of 5.0 mol of Fe(CO) 5, 8.0 mol of PF 3 and 6.0 mol of H 2 will release mol of CO. a. 15 b. 5.0 c. 24 d. 6.0 e What is the maximum mass in grams of NH 3 that can be produced by the reaction of 1.0 g of N 2 with 3.0 g of H 2 via the equation below? N 2 (g) + H 2 (g) NH 3 (g) (not balanced) a. 2.0 b. 1.2 c d. 17 e What is the maximum amount in grams of SO 3 that can be produced by the reaction of 1.0 g of S with 1.0 g of O 2 via the equation below? 69. Solid aluminum and gaseous oxygen react in a combination reaction to produce aluminum oxide: 4Al (s) + 3O 2 (g) 2Al 2 O 3 (s) The maximum amount of Al 2 O 3 that can be produced from 2.5 g of Al and 2.5 g of O 2 is g. a. 9.4 b. 7.4 c. 4.7 d. 5.3 e Sulfur and fluorine react in a combination reaction to produce sulfur hexafluoride: S (s) + 3F 2 (g) SF 6 (g) The maximum amount of SF 6 that can be produced from the reaction of 3.5 g of sulfur with 4.5 g of fluorine is g. a. 12 b. 3.2 c. 5.8 d. 16 e Solid aluminum and gaseous oxygen react in a combination reaction to produce aluminum oxide: 4Al (s) + 3O 2 (g) 2Al 2 O 3 (s) In a particular experiment, the reaction of 2.5 g of Al with 2.5 g of O 2 produced 3.5 g of Al 2 O 3. The % yield of the reaction is. a. 74 b. 37 c. 47 d. 66 e Sulfur and oxygen react in a combination reaction to produce sulfur trioxide, an environmental pollutant: 2S (s) + 3O 2 (g) 2SO 3 (g) In a particular experiment, the reaction of 1.0 g S with 1.0 g O 2 produced 0.80 g of SO 3. The % yield in this experiment is. a. 30 b. 29 c. 21 d. 88 e. 48 S (s) + O 2 (g) SO 3 (g) (not balanced) a b. 1.7 c. 2.5 d. 3.8 e

7 73. Sulfur and fluorine react in a combination reaction to produce sulfur hexafluoride: S (s) + 3F 2 (g) SF 6 (g) In a particular experiment, the percent yield is 79.0%. This means that in this experiment, a 7.90-g sample of fluorine yields g of SF 6. a b c d e When the following equation is balanced, the coefficients are. C 8 H 18 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O a. 2, 3, 4, 4 b. 1, 4, 8, 9 c. 2, 12, 8, 9 d. 4, 4, 32, 36 e. 2, 25, 16, Of the reactions below, which one is not a combination reaction? a. C + O 2 CO 2 b. 2Mg + O 2 2MgO c. 2N 2 + 3H 2 2NH 3 d. CaO + H 2 O Ca(OH) 2 e. 2CH 4 + 4O 2 2CO 2 + 4H 2 O 76. When a hydrocarbon burns in air, what component of air reacts? a. oxygen b. nitrogen c. carbon dioxide d. water e. argon 77. Of the reactions below, which one is a decomposition reaction? a. NH 4 Cl NH 3 + HCl b. 2Mg + O 2 2MgO c. 2N 2 + 3H 2 2NH 3 d. 2CH 4 + 4O 2 2CO 2 + 4H 2 O e. Cd(NO 3 ) 2 + Na 2 S CdS + 2NaNO Which one of the following substances is the product of this combination reaction? Al (s) + I 2 (s) a. AlI 2 b. AlI c. AlI 3 d. Al 2 I 3 e. Al 3 I Which one of the following is not true concerning automotive air bags? a. They are inflated as a result of a decomposition reaction b. They are loaded with sodium azide initially c. The gas used for inflating them is oxygen d. The two products of the decomposition reaction are sodium and nitrogen e. A gas is produced when the air bag activates. 80. The reaction used to inflate automobile airbags. a. produces sodium gas b. is a combustion reaction c. is a combination reaction d. violates the law of conservation of mass e. is a decomposition reaction 81. Which of the following are combination reactions? 1) CH 4 (g) + O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) + H 2 O (l) 2) CaO (s) + CO 2 (g) CaCO 3 (s) 3) Mg (s) + O 2 (g) MgO (s) 4) PbCO 3 (s) PbO (s) + CO 2 (g) a. 1, 2, and 3 b. 2 and 3 c. 1, 2, 3, and 4 d. 4 only e. 2, 3, and Which of the following are combustion reactions? 1) CH 4 (g) + O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) + H 2 O (l) 2) CaO (s) + CO 2 (g) CaCO 3 (s) 3) PbCO 3 (s) PbO (s) + CO 2 (g) 4) CH 3 OH (l) + O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) + H 2 O (l) a. 1 and 4 b. 1, 2, 3, and 4 c. 1, 3, and 4 d. 2, 3, and 4 e. 3 and Which of the following are decomposition reactions? 1) CH 4 (g) + O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) + H 2 O (l) 2) CaO (s) + CO 2 (g) CaCO 3 (s) 3) Mg (s) + O 2 (g) MgO (s) 4) PbCO 3 (s) PbO (s) + CO 2 (g) a. 1, 2, and 3 b. 4 only c. 1, 2, 3, and 4 d. 2 and 3 e. 2, 3, and The formula of nitrobenzene is C 6 H 5 NO 2. The molecular weight of this compound is amu. a b c d e

8 85. The formula weight of potassium dichromate (K 2 Cr 2 O 7 ) is amu. a b c d e The formula weight of potassium phosphate (K 3 PO 4 ) is amu. a b c d e The formula weight of aluminum sulfate (Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ) is amu. a b c d e The formula weight of silver chromate (Ag 2 CrO 4 ) is amu. a b c d e The formula weight of ammonium sulfate ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ), rounded to the nearest integer, is amu. a. 100 b. 118 c. 116 d. 132 e The molecular weight of the acetic acid (CH 3 CO 2 H), rounded to the nearest integer, is amu. a. 60 b. 48 c. 44 d The molecular weight of the ethanol (C 2 H 5 OH), rounded to the nearest integer, is amu. a. 34 b. 41 c. 30 d. 46 e The molecular weight of glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), rounded to the nearest integer, is amu. a. 24 b. 96 c. 136 d. 180 e What is the mass % of carbon in dimethylsulfoxide (C 2 H 6 SO) rounded to three significant figures? a b c d e The mass % of H in methane (CH 4 ) is. a b c d e The mass % of Al in aluminum sulfate (Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ) is. a b c d e The formula weight of a substance is. a. identical to the molar mass b. the same as the percent by mass weight c. determined by combustion analysis d. the sum of the atomic weights of each atom in its chemical formula e. the weight of a sample of the substance 97. The formula weight of calcium nitrate (Ca(NO 3 ) 2 ), rounded to one decimal place, is amu. a b c d e The formula weight of magnesium fluoride (MgF 2 ), rounded to one decimal place, is amu. a b c d e The formula weight of lead nitrate (Pb(NO 3 ) 2 ) is amu. a b c d e The mass % of C in methane (CH 4 ) is. a b c d e The mass % of F in the binary compound KrF 2 is. a b c d e Calculate the percentage by mass of nitrogen in PtCl 2 (NH 3 ) 2. a b c d e Calculate the percentage by mass of lead in Pb(NO 3 ) 2. a b c d e Calculate the percentage by mass of nitrogen in Pb(NO 3 ) 2. a. 4.2 b. 5.2 c. 8.5 d e

9 105. Calculate the percentage by mass of oxygen in Pb(NO 3 ) 2. a. 9.7 b c d e Calculate the percentage by mass of chlorine in PtCl 2 (NH 3 ) 2. a b c d e Calculate the percentage by mass of hydrogen in PtCl 2 (NH 3 ) 2. a b c d e One mole of contains the largest number of atoms. a. S 8 b. C 10 H 8 c. Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 d. Na 3 PO 4 e. Cl One million argon atoms is mol (rounded to two significant figures) of argon atoms. a. 3.0 b c d e There are atoms of oxygen are in 300 molecules of CH 3 CO 2 H. a. 300 b. 600 c d e How many molecules of CH 4 are in 48.2 g of this compound? a b c d e A 30.5 gram sample of glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) contains mol of glucose. a b c d e A 30.5 gram sample of glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) contains atoms of carbon. a x b x c x d x e x A sample of CH 2 F 2 with a mass of 19 g contains atoms of F. a b. 38 c d e A sample of CH 4 O with a mass of 32.0 g contains molecules of CH 4 O. a b c d e How many atoms of nitrogen are in 10 g of NH 4 NO 3? a. 3.5 b c d. 1.8 e Gaseous argon has a density of 1.40 g/l at standard conditions. How many argon atoms are in 1.00 L of argon gas at standard conditions? a b c d e What is the mass in grams of atoms of naturally occurring sodium? a b c d e How many moles of pyridine (C 5 H 5 N) are contained in 3.13 g of pyridine? a b c d e How many oxygen atoms are contained in 2.74 g of Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3? a. 12 b c d e The total number of atoms in mol of Fe(CO) 3 (PH 3 ) 2 is. a b c d e How many sulfur dioxide molecules are there in 1.80 mol of sulfur dioxide? a b c d e How many sulfur dioxide molecules are there in mol of sulfur dioxide? a b c d e

10 124. How many carbon atoms are there in g of carbon dioxide? a b c d e How many oxygen atoms are there in g of carbon dioxide? a b c d e How many moles of sodium carbonate contain carbon atoms? a b c d e How many grams of sodium carbonate contain carbon atoms? a b c d e The compound responsible for the characteristic smell of garlic is allicin, C 6 H 10 OS 2. The mass of 1.00 mol of allicin, rounded to the nearest integer, is g. a. 34 b. 162 c. 86 d. 61 e The molecular formula of aspartame, the generic name of NutraSweet, is C 14 H 18 N 2 O 5. The molar mass of aspartame, rounded to the nearest integer, is g. a. 24 b. 156 c. 294 d. 43 e There are oxygen atoms in 30 molecules of C 20 H 42 S 3 O 2 a. 6.0 x b. 1.8 x c. 3.6 x d. 1.2 x e A nitrogen oxide is 63.65% by mass nitrogen. The molecular formula could be. a. NO b. NO 2 c. N 2 O d. N 2 O 4 e. either NO 2 or N 2 O Which hydrocarbon pair below have identical mass percentage of C? a. C 3 H 4 and C 3 H 6 b. C 2 H 4 and C 3 H 4 c. C 2 H 4 and C 4 H 2 d. C 2 H 4 and C 3 H 6 e. none of the above 134. Sulfur and oxygen react to produce sulfur trioxide. In a particular experiment, 7.9 grams of SO 3 are produced by the reaction of 5.0 grams of O 2 with 6.0 grams of S. What is the % yield of SO 3 in this experiment? S (s) + O 2 (g) SO 3 (g) (not balanced) a. 32 b. 63 c. 75 d. 95 e Propane (C 3 H 8 ) reacts with oxygen in the air to produce carbon dioxide and water. In a particular experiment, 38.0 grams of carbon dioxide are produced from the reaction of grams of propane with excess oxygen. What is the % yield in this reaction? a b c d e The molecular weight of urea ( (NH 2 ) 2 CO ), a compound used as a nitrogen fertilizer, is amu (rounded to one decimal place). a b c d. 8.0 e What is the empirical formula of a compound that is 62.0% C, 10.4% H, and 27.5% O by mass? a. C 3 HO b. C 6 HO 3 c. C 6 H 12 O 2 d. C 5 H 10 O 2 e. C 3 H 6 O 138. Lithium and nitrogen react to produce lithium nitride: 6Li (s) + N 2 (g) 2Li 3 N (s) How many moles of N 2 are needed to react with mol of lithium? a b c d e A sulfur oxide is 50.0% by mass sulfur. This molecular formula could be. a. SO b. SO 2 c. S 2 O d. S 2 O 4 e. either SO 2 or S 2 O 4 10

11 139. Lithium and nitrogen react to produce lithium nitride: 6Li (s) + N 2 (g) 2Li 3 N (s) How many moles of lithium nitride are produced when mol of lithium react in this fashion? a b c d e Lithium and nitrogen react in a combination reaction to produce lithium nitride: 6Li (s) + N 2 (g) 2Li 3 N (s) How many moles of lithium are needed to produce 0.60 mol of Li 3 N when the reaction is carried out in the presence of excess nitrogen? a b. 1.8 c d e Automotive air bags inflate when sodium azide decomposes explosively to its constituent elements: 2NaN 3 (s) 2Na (s) + 3N 2 (g) How many moles of N 2 are produced by the decomposition of 2.88 mol of sodium azide? a b c d e Automotive air bags inflate when sodium azide decomposes explosively to its constituent elements: 2NaN 3 (s) 2Na (s) + 3N 2 (g) How many grams of sodium azide are required to produce 33.0 g of nitrogen? a b c d e Magnesium burns in air with a dazzling brilliance to produce magnesium oxide: 144. Lithium and nitrogen react in a combination reaction to produce lithium nitride: 6Li (s) + N 2 (g) 2Li 3 N (s) In a particular experiment, 3.50-g samples of each reagent are reacted. The theoretical yield of lithium nitride is g. a b c d e Magnesium burns in air with a dazzling brilliance to produce magnesium oxide: 2Mg (s) + O 2 (g) 2MgO (s) When 4.00 g of magnesium burns, the theoretical yield of magnesium oxide is g. a b c d e Calcium oxide reacts with water in a combination reaction to produce calcium hydroxide: CaO (s) + H 2 O (l) Ca(OH) 2 (s) A 4.50-g sample of CaO is reacted with 4.34 g of H 2 O. How many grams of water remains after completion of reaction? a b c d e Calcium oxide reacts with water in a combination reaction to produce calcium hydroxide: CaO (s) + H 2 O (l) Ca(OH) 2 (s) In a particular experiment, a 5.00-g sample of CaO is reacted with excess water and 6.11 g of Ca(OH) 2 is recovered. What is the percent yield in this experiment? a. 122 b c d e Mg (s) + O 2 (g) 2MgO (s) How many moles of O 2 are consumed when mol of magnesium burns? a b c d e

12 Completion Complete each statement A compound was found to contain 90.6% lead (Pb) and 9.4% oxygen. The empirical formula for this compound is The combustion of propane (C 3 H 8 ) in the presence of excess oxygen yields CO 2 and H 2 O: C 3 H 8 (g) + 5O 2 (g) 3CO 2 (g) + 4H 2 O (g) When 7.3 g of C 3 H 8 burns in the presence of excess O 2, g of CO 2 is produced Under appropriate conditions, nitrogen and hydrogen undergo a combination reaction to yield ammonia: N 2 (g) + 3H 2 (g) 2NH 3 (g) A 9.3-g sample of hydrogen requires g of N 2 for a complete reaction Water can be formed from the stoichiometric reaction of hydrogen with oxygen: 152. The combustion of carbon disulfide in the presence of excess oxygen yields carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide: CS 2 (g) + 3O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) + 2SO 2 (g) The combustion of 15 g of CS 2 in the presence of excess oxygen yields g of SO Determine the mass percent (to the hundredth's place) of H in sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ) A certain alcohol contains only three elements, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Combustion of a gram sample of the alcohol produced grams of CO 2 and grams of H 2 O. What is the empirical formula of the alcohol? 155. If 294 grams of FeS 2 is allowed to react with 176 grams of O 2 according to the following equation, how many grams of Fe 2 O 3 are produced? FeS 2 + O 2 Fe 2 O 3 + SO 2 2H 2 (g) + O 2 (g) 2H 2 O (g) A complete reaction of 5.0 g of O 2 with excess hydrogen produces g of H 2 O. Essay 156. Complete and balance the following reaction, given that elemental rubidium reacts with elemental sulfur to form Rb 2 S (s). Na (s) + S (s) 12

13 AP Chapter 3 Study Questions Answer Section TRUE/FALSE 1. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec. 3.7 MULTIPLE CHOICE 6. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec

14 37. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec

15 82. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec

16 127. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 5 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec. 3.7 COMPLETION 148. ANS: Pb 3 O 4 PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: 22 PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: 43 PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: 5.6 PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: 25 PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec ANS: 1.20 PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: C 2 H 6 O PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec

17 155. ANS: 160 PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: Sec. 3.7 ESSAY 156. ANS:? Na 2 S (s) PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: Sec