Chemistry Final Review Worksheet

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1 Chemistry Final Review Worksheet 1. Balance this equation and then write it in words. Al + F 2 ---> AlF 3 N P 2. What does it mean for a molecule to be polar? What are polar molecules able to do? Use the solubility curves in the book to answer the following: (p 46) 3. How much potassium nitrate could be dissolved in 670 grams of water at a temperature of 70 deg. C? 4. What is the percent concentration if 37g of Potassium chloride are stirred into 100g of water? 5. What is the concentration of oxygen gas in 1000g of 30 o C water? 6. What ions are the following compounds made of? Cation Anion Name of compound a. Ba(NO 3 ) 2 b. (NH 4 ) 2 SO 3 7. Give the molecular formula for each: Ammonium carbonate Magnesium phosphate mi. = km 50 kg = lbs. 20 L = qts. 120 cm = m 4.5 kg = g 170 ml = L 9. Name the following ionic compounds: Al 2 (C 2 O 4 ) 3 Sn(NO 2 ) Define a chemical property and give an example. 11. Explain why the Periodic Table is so named. 12. Explain the relationship between elements of the same family. 13. Give the formula and name the compounds formed from these elements: Mg and Br Al and O K and N Be and F Ca and P 14. The BP of Mg is 341 o C and Ca has a BP of 475 o C, what is the BP of Be? 15. If we stirred a platinum solution with a silver spoon, would there be a reaction? If so, write an equation for the reaction and tell what was oxidized, reduced, and the reducing agent. (p 121) 16. One mole of CO weighs? 17. How many molecules in a mole of H 2 O? moles P =? g P 19. What percentage of azurite [ Cu 3 (CO 3 ) 2 (OH) 2 ] is copper?

2 20. Balance the equation, then interpret the balanced equation in words using moles, and then give the molar mass for each reactant and product. PbS + O > PbO + SO In the following reaction, 9 moles of oxygen gas react to produce the product: 4 Fe + 3 O 2 2 Fe 2 O 3 a. How many moles of Iron are consumed? b. How many moles of Iron(III) oxide are produced? c. How many grams of Fe 2 O 3 are produced? 22. For the following reaction: Fe (s) + H 2 SO 4(aq) H 2(g) + FeSO 4(aq) a. What kind of atoms make up the gas that is produced? b. Where did these atoms come from? c. What form is the Iron in before the reaction begins? d. What happens to the Iron as the reaction proceeds? (What would you see?) e. What element gets oxidized? f. Which compound in the equation is a formula unit? 23. Explain how a covalent bond forms between two chlorine atoms to form a diatomic chlorine molecule. 24a. How many electrons are in each of the energy levels of an calcium atom? b. How many valence electrons would it have? 25. Write electron dot diagrams of the following compounds: H 2 O 1 N &? F 3 C alkene 26. List the energy conversions (and name the types of energy) that take place when electricity is used to power your living room light bulb. Start with the fuel in a natural gas burning power plant run by PG&E. 27. Write structural diagrams for 3 isomers of pentane. 28. How many seconds are left in your life? ---Assume that it's midnight on your 16th birthday and you will live to be 80 years old) 29. If the molar heat of combustion for propane is 2200 kj per mole, how much energy would I get from burning 116 g of propane? 30. Write the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of propane including amount of thermal E. (Molar heat of combustion for propane is in the above question) 31. Identify the following compounds:ch 3 CH 2 COOCH 2 CH 2 CH 3 CH 3 CH 2 COOH 32. Explain Global Warming

3 33. Ozone is a very toxic, highly chemically reactive gas. What does it do that is good? a) What are we doing that is affecting this? 34. Explain acid rain. Include in your explanation the types of acid rain, how they are produced, and what acid rain does that is bad. 35. Give a complete explanation of Electromagnetic Radiation. 36. What is ph and how does the scale work? 37. What is the ph of a solution with an OH - concentration of 1x10-11? (p 307) 38. The the hydrogen ion concentration, the the ph. (R =.0821 L atm/k mol) 39. Convert: 82 kpa = mmhg 333 K = o C 40. A 2 L tank at 29 o C contains gas at 17.8 psi. What will the new P be if the T becomes 6 o C? 41. What V would 4.7 moles of gas occupy at STP? 42. A 6.7 L balloon at STP is moved to a 67 o C room at of 532 mmhg. What is the new V? 43. How do you make 370 ml of a 1.3 M Li 2 S solution? For the reaction: 4Na + O 2 2Na 2 O : 44. If we were to mix 12 moles of each reactant together: a. which reactant would be the limiting reactant? b. how many moles of product would be formed? c. how many moles of the excess reactant would be left over? 45. If we mixed 184 grams of sodium with 128 grams of oxygen: a. which reactant would be the limiting reactant? b. how many grams of product would be formed? c. how many grams of the excess reactant would be left over? 46. What is 'collision theory' (i.e. what does it say?). 47. Draw the potential energy diagram for an exothermic reaction. Label the vertical axis, show location of reactants, products, and show activation energy.

4 48. In the reversible reaction shown below, what will happen to the equilibrium concentration of the product (ammonia) when: 3 H 2(g) + N 2(g) 2 NH 3(g) + 92kJ a. The concentration of hydrogen is increased? b. The concentration of nitrogen is decreased? c. The temperature is increased? d. The pressure is decreased? e. A catalyst is added? 49. How many neutrons would Barium-139 have? 50. What is it that is the same about all atoms of iron, and how can they be different from each other? 51. What does it mean for a substance to be radioactive? 52. Name the three types of nuclear radiation. Explain how they are different from each other grams of low level nuclear waste, with a half-life of 3 months, is deposited in a waste dump. How many grams of this waste will remain (as a radioactive substance) after 2 years? 54. Explain how nuclear radiation can both cause and cure cancer. 55. Explain the history of the atom include an explanation of the modern concept of the atom. 56. Curium-249 decays through alpha particle emission. Write the equation. 57. Indium- 117 has a half-life of 3.6 hours. If it takes 18 hours to ship it, what percent Indium-117 is lost during shipping? 58. Provide the missing items in each equation and name each process Cs + He Pu + Cm + n n I H + H + n n Ag n

5 59. Explain where the energy in nuclear reactions comes from? ,000 grams of low level nuclear waste with a half life of 6 months, is deposited in a waste dump. How many grams of this waste will still not have decayed after two and a half years? 61. Explain the difference between nuclear fusion and nuclear fission. 62. In what ways is nuclear chemistry different from regular chemistry? 63. Burning 3 grams of dried banana chips in a calorimeter causes the 340 ml of water in the calorimeter to rise in temperature 37 deg. Celsius. a. How many calories did the water absorb from the burning banana? b. How many food calories did the banana chips contain? c. If a standard serving of banana chips is one ounce (28 grams), how many Calories are in a standard serving? 64. Identify each of the following chemical compounds by type. H H H H H H H H H H O-H H O O H H H H--C--C--C--C--C==C--C--C--C--C=O H--C--C--C--C--C--C=O H H H H H H H H O H H O O H H H H H H H H H H H O-H O=C-C-C-N-H H--C--C--C==C--C--C==C--C==C C=O H-O H H H H H H H H H H H H H H O H H H H-O H O H O H H H O-H H-N-C-C-C-N-C-C-C=O H-C-C-C-C-C-C=O H-N-C-C-C=O H H H O-H H O H O H H H H-C-H H-C-H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H-O H H H H--O--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C H O=C-C-N-C-C-C-N-H O H H H H H H H H H H H O H H H

6 65. OK Now, without looking at the above question or your notes or book: In the space below, write the structural formula for an example of each type of substance listed. Circle the functional group(s) in each. monosaccaride saturated fatty acid polyunsaturated fatty acid amino acid dipeptide 66. List the types of nutrients discussed in Unit 7. Explain how the body uses each. 67. Define the following terms: Protein Essential amino acids Complete protein Complementary protein 68. Use the space below to draw the structural diagram for a dipeptide (two amino acids joined together) (Use any two of the amino acids on page 242)

Chemistry Final Exam Sample Items

Chemistry Final Exam Sample Items 1. Which best describes the current atomic theory? a. Atoms consist of electrons circling in definite orbits around a positive nucleus. b. Atoms are composed of electrons