3 rd Conference on Foundations of Nanoscience (FNANO06): Self- Assembled Architectures and Devices

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1 3 rd Conference on Foundations of Nanoscience (FNANO06): Self- Assembled Architectures and Devices Snowbird Cliff Lodge~Snowbird, Utah April 23-27, Sponsors: Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and International Society For Nananoscale Science, Computation and Engineering (ISNSCE)

2 3 rd Conference on Foundations of Nanoscience (FNANO06): Self- Assembled Architectures and Devices Snowbird, Utah April 23-27, 2006 Sponsors: Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and International Society For Nananoscale Science, Computation and Engineering (ISNSCE) 2006 by ScienceTechnica, Inc. The papers in this volume were presented at the Conference Foundations of Nanoscience: Self-Assembled Architectures and Devices held in Snowbird, Utah, April 23-27, THANKS: The conference was co-sponsored by the Defense Advance Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and International Society For Nananoscale Science, Computation and Engineering (ISNSCE). We express our sincere gratitude to Morley Stone, Program Manager in DARPA / DSO, for his generous support of this enterprise. Special thanks also to the Department of Computer Science at Duke University, and in particular to Camelia Pierson Eaves, Sudheer Sahu and Jewel Wheeler and for their work on this project, as well thanks to Richard Braun for his work on designing and setting up the conference web site.

3 CONFERENCE OVERVIEW: Foundations of Nanoscience is a yearly conference on foundations of nanoscience, maintaining the highest scientific standards. Self-assembly is the central theme of the conference. Topics include self-assembled architectures and devices, at scales ranging from nano-scale to meso-scale. Methodologies include both experimental as well as theoretical approaches. The conference spans traditional disciplines including chemistry, biochemistry, physics, computer science, mathematics, and various engineering disciplines including MEMS. The prior year s 1 st and 2 nd Conferences on Foundations of Nanoscience(FNANO04 and FNANO05) had an significant impact on the emerging fields of Nanoscience and Self-assembly -- they brought many of the leading Nanoscientists and researchers working in a wide variety of areas of Self-assembly in the same place to present invited talks. This year s 3 rd Conference on Foundations of Nanoscience has a mixture of both as invited talks by distinguished Nanoscientists as well as contributed posters and open discussion periods to enhance attendee interaction with the goal of creating vibrant intellectual community in the area of self-assembly. And addition, this year s conference included three new special Tracks (the Track on Biomedical Nanotechnology, the Track on Top-down Meets Bottom-up, and the Track on Self-Assembled System Complexity) on topics of emerging interest to the community of self-assembly.

4 CONFERENCE MOTIVATION: The Challenge of Self-Assembly of Molecular Scale Structures The construction of molecular scale structures at the scale of the nanometer range is one of the key challenges facing science and technology in the twenty-first century. This challenge is at the core of an emerging discipline of Nanoscience, which is at a critical stage of development. There have been some notable successes in the construction of individual molecular components (e.g., carbon nanotubes, and various molecular electronic devices), and the individual manipulation of molecules by probing devices. However, a key deficiency is the lack of methods for constructing complex devices out of large numbers of these molecular components. We need methods to help us hold, shape, and assemble various molecular components into complex machines and systems. Top-down methods for construction of nanostructures, such as e-beam lithography, have inherent limitations in scale. Bottom-up methods appear to have no such scale limitations. Self-assembly is a bottom-up method of construction where substructures are spontaneously self-ordered into superstructures driven by the selective affinity of the substructures. While top-down methods are well understood, and widely used in engineering and manufacturing processes, self-assembly is a much less well-understood construction process. Chemists have for many decades used self-assembly methods (for example, for the self-assembly of lipid or polymer layers), but they conventionally result in structures with limited complexity, and are not readily programmable. However the cell is self-assembled, and contains many complex structured components. A missing pillar in the emerging discipline of Nanoscience is an understanding of self-assembly methods for forming complex structured components. For a variety of historical reasons, self-assembly processes and experiments have not been examined by science to the degree that is now needed by Nanoscience. The Conference provides a synergism for a community of scholars working in self-assembly related areas who would otherwise not have contact with each other. John Reif,, Program Chair Duke University, Department of Computer Science March 2006

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6 FNANO06 CONFERENCE ORGANIZATION: FNANO06 Program Chair: John H. Reif, Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC FNANO06 Program cochairs: Paul Weiss, Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA Erik Winfree, Department of Computer Science and Computation and Neural Systems, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA FNANO06 Program Committee: Track Chairs Track on Principles and Theory of Self-Assembly: Track Chair: Leonard Adleman, Laboratory for Molecular Science, University of Southern California. Los Angeles, CA cochair: Natasha Jonoska, Department of Mathematics, University of South Florida, FL Track on Self-Assembled DNA Nanostructures: Track Chair: Nadrian Seeman, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY cochair: Chengde Mao, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN Track on Self-Assembled Surface Chemistry: Track Chair: Lloyd Smith, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI CoChair: Paul Weiss, Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA Track on Viral Self-Assembly Track Chair: M.G Finn, Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA cochair: Morley Stone, DARPA/DSO, Arlington, VA Track Self-assembly of Peptide-Protein Nanostructures Track Chair: Mehmet Sarikaya, Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA

7 Track on Self-assembly Across Scales: Track Chair: Karl Bohringer, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA cochair: Babak Amir Parviz, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA Track on DNA-linked Nanoparticle Structures: Track Chair: George C. Schatz, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL Track on Molecular Electronic Devices & Circuit Assembly: Track Chairs: James R. Heath, Department of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Los Angeles, CA cochair: Pat Collier, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA Track on Self-assembled Computer Circuit and System Architectures: Track Chairs: Philip J. Kuekes, Hewlett-Packard Corporation, Palo Alto, CA cochair: Alvin R. Lebeck, Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC Track on Molecular Motors: Track Chair: Andrew Turberfield, Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK Track on Fullerene Nanostructures: in Memorial to Rick Smalley Track Chair: Jie Liu, Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC (Special) Track on Biomedical Nanotechnology Description: Talks & posters in this track present biomedical applications of nanoscience. Track Chair: Carston R. Wagner, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (Special) Track on Top-down Meets Bottom-up Description: Talks & posters in this track combine bottom-up selfassembly with top-down methods such as lithography or an external patterning force (e.g., electromagnetic field or chemical gradient).

8 Track Chair: Marya Lieberman, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN (Special) Track on Self-Assembled System Complexity: Description: A special session on system complexity issues in selfassembly, nano-manufacturing, and nano-based systems. Track Chair: Natasha Jonoska, Department of Mathematics, University of South Florida, FL

9 TABLE OF CONTENTS Fill in from FNANO06 Schedule: