Xe_ Xenon Nonmetal (metal or nonmetal) _Gas_ (solid, liquid, or gas) _Colorless (color?)

Transcription

1 Name: Activity #15-Families of Elements 1.) Define an element Substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances Quiz Act # s Study Guide 2.) Whether something is in the solid, liquid, or gas form is known as its state of matter. Is an elements state of matter a physical or chemical property? EXPLAIN Physical because it can be observed with a reaction 3.) Is the reactivity of an element a physical or chemical property? Chemical 4.) Using your activity #15 data, which family of elements contains highly reactive metals that form 2 bonds with hydrogen? Alkaline Earth Metals 5.) What is a family as it relates to the periodic table of elements? A group of elements with SIMILAR characteristics 6.) In the periodic table, families are all located in the same Row or Column (circle one) 7.) What are the names of the four families of elements you learned about in this activity? Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth Metals, Halogens and Nobel Gases 8.) The element Xenon (Xe) is below Krypton (Kr) in column 18 on the periodic table of elements. Design an element card below that shows the properties you predict for Xenon. Hint: Use periodic table & your act #15 data Xe_ Xenon Nonmetal (metal or nonmetal) _Gas_ (solid, liquid, or gas) _Colorless (color?) Atomic Mass: _131.3 Reactivity Very Low (low, moderate, very high) # of bonds to hydrogen None 9.) Circle the following statement that correctly represents the relationship between atoms and elements. a.) Elements are made of 1 or more identical atoms b.) Atoms are made of 1 or more identical elements 10.) What does the atomic mass of an element represent? Number of protons AND neutrons 11.) What does the atomic number of an element represent? Number of protons

2 Activity #16-Elements and the Periodic Table 1.) An element is a pure substance that contains many? a.) atoms of the same type b.) atoms of a different type 2.)The reactivity of an element describes how likely it is to react or other elements a.) look at b.) combine with c.) snarl at 3.) If an element is reactive, it is likely to a.) explode violently c.) combine with other elements b.) rust if exposed to air d.) move away when near another element 4.) Which scientists ideas led to the creation of the modern periodic table? a.) Mr. Strelick s cat Milo c.) Dmitri Mendeleev b.) Albert Einstein 5.) true/false- everything around you is made of elements True 6.) In addition to the name and chemical symbol, what two things does the periodic table tell us about each element? Number of protons AND neutrons 7.) How could you find the number of neutrons in an element using the periodic table? Subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass. 8.) What side of the periodic table (right or left) are the metals located? Left_ 9.) What side of the periodic table (right or left) are the non-metals located? _Right_ 10.) Sodium (Na) is a metal or non-metal?_metal 11.) Krypton (Kr) is a metal or non-metal? Nonmetal 12.) Magnesium (Mg) is a metal or non-metal?_metal 13.) What is Fluorine s chemical symbol? 9 14.) What is Fluorine s atomic mass? ) What is Fluorine s atomic number? 9 16.) How many protons are in fluorine? 9 17.) How many protons and neutrons are in fluorine? ) How many neutrons are in fluorine? 19-9=10 19.) Which of the three atomic particles (Proton, Neutron, & Electron) are found in the nucleus of an atom? Protons and Neutrons 20.) Is salt water an element, compound, or mixture? Explain Mixture since it s made of two componds (or molecules) that can be separated from eachother. 21.) Is H 2 0 an element, compound, or mixture? Explain Compound since it s made of different atoms that are chemically combined

3 Activity #17 Modeling Molecules 1.) Know how many binding sites are on each of the 4 types of atoms we used in class. Carbon- _4_ Hydrogen- _1_ Oxygen- _2 Nitrogen- _3_ 2.) What is the difference between an atom and a molecule? Atoms combine to form molecules. Molecules are made up of atoms 3.) How many molecules are shown above? 1_ What is the chemical formula of the above molecule? How many atoms are in above molecule? 12 Order of atoms does not matter. ex. H 5 NaC 2 ClNO 2 C 2 O 2 NaClH 5 N How many types of atoms are in above molecule? 6 What is holding the atoms together in the above atom?_ Chemcial Bonds 4.) Which model provides more information- a chemical formula or a sketch of the molecule? A sketch shows more information because it shows you the chemical bonds, while the formula does not 5.) Draw a molecule with the chemical formula H 2 O 2 Activity #18-Properties of Plastics 1.) The different plastics used in activity #18 had different. (circle all that apply) a.) atoms b.) molecular structure c.) chemical formulas d.) physical properties e.) chemical properties f.) uses 2.) Why do different plastics have different properties? Different plastics have different properties because they have different molecular structures.

4 3.) Draw a molecule of polyvinyl Chloride (PVC). Remember to use correct number of bonds to each atom. Polyvinyl NOT monovinyl chloride. (draw at least two monomoers and add H to close any open binding sites) Activity #19-Creating New Materials 1.) What were the two reactants in this activity? Sodium Borate and Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) 2.) How did the properties of the final product compare to the reactants? The final products (the goop) had different properties from the reactacnts, for example the goop was more like a gel then it was a liquid. 3.) What did the Sodium Borate do to the Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)? The sodium borate modified the PVA, or changed its molecular structure or added cross links. 4.) What was the difference between a polymer and a monomer? Monomers chemically combine to form polymers. A polymer is made of identical monomers repeating over and over. 5.) True/False and EXPLAIN In activity #19, we added sodium borate to PVA to create a polymer? FALSE, We added sodium borate to PVA to create a Modified Polymer or a cross linked polymer. 6.) A chemical reaction occurs when? (hint: LabLog) A chemical reaction occurs when the atoms and molecules of two or more substances rearrange to form new substances. 7.) What is the scientific name for the goop cross linked polyvinyl alcohol Activity #20-Modeling Polymers 1.) What 2 cross linked polymers have you worked with so far? (one from #19 & one from #20) Example from #19 The goop or Cross linked Polyvinyl Alcohol Example from #20 Glob of paperclips or cross linked paperclips 2.) What did the chain of silver paper clips represent? Polymer 3.) What did a single silver paper clip represent? Monomer

5 4.) What do the colored paper clips connect? Polymer chains 5.) What did the colored paper clips represent? Cross links 6.) What substance from act#19 did the chain of silver clips represent? PVA 7.) What substance from act#19 did the colored paper clips represent? Sodium Borate 8.) What substance from act #19 did the cross linked polymer (glob of paper clips) represent? The goop or crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol 9.) What did Activity #19 (the goop lab) and Activity #20 (paper clips) have in common. (circle all that apply) a.) both used the same reactants d.) both made cross linked polymers b.) both altered (modified) a polymer e.) both modeled how a polymer is made c.) both used polyvinyl alcohol f.) both used or modeled a chemical reaction Activity #21-Polymer Parts 1.) Poly means Many Mono means One 2.) What are cross links? What do they do? Cross-links are like glue that connect polymer chains 3.) If poly catchasemiceylene is a polymer, what would the monomer be? a.) catschasemiceylene c.) catschasemice b.) miceylene d.) chasemice 4.) Polypropylene and Polystyrene are two different plastics, why do they have different physical and chemical properties? The two different plastics have different properties because they have different molecular structures. 5.) Adding more crosslinks to a polymer would make it a.) more rubbery b.) less rubbery 6.) Adding more crosslinks to a polymer would make it a.) more goopy b.) less goopy 7.) If you wanted to make the goop from activity #19 more rubbery, or less flexible. What should you add to it? a.) PVA c.) colored paperclips b.) Sodium Borate d.) ethanol 8.)Sulfur is similar to sodium borate in that it creates cross links in rubber. Which has more sulfur a rubber band or a tire. EXPLAIN A tire would have more sulfer because it would have more crosslinks since it is more compact, harder, ridged and less flexible 9.) TRUE/FALSE and EXPLAIN: All molecules are made of the same atoms? False, Molecules contain many different types of atoms 10.) TRUE/FALSE and EXPLAIN: All polymers contain the same molecules within them True, a polymer contains the same molecule (a monomer) repeating over and over.

6 11.) TRUE/FALSE and EXPLAIN: All cross linked polymers contain the same molecules within them.false, The actual cross-links in a cross-linked polymer will be different from the polymer 12.) Explain the three ways that a polymer can be altered and provide a picture for each 13.) What does the process of polymerization do? Chemically combined monomers together to form a polymer chain of repeating, identical momomers. 14.) With the above molecule, What is the chemical formula? C 2 OH 2 How many atoms total make up this molecule 6 How many types of atoms make up this molecule 3 Is the above molecule a compound or a mixture? Explain Compound because it is made of different atoms. Atoms 1.) Protons are _Positively charged 2.) Electrons are _Negatively_ charged 3.) Neutrons are _neutrally charged. (no charge) 4.) If an atom has no charge, and it has 12 protons, how many electrons does it have? a.) 12 b.) 11 c.) 13 d.) can not be determined based on this info 5.) If an atom has no charge, and it has 12 protons, how many neutrons does it have? a.) 12 b.) 11 c.) 13 d.) can not be determined based on this info 6.) If an atom is negatively charged, it will have more Electrons than Protons