DATE: NAME: CLASS: BLM 1-9 ASSESSMENT. 2. A material safety data sheet must show the date on which it was prepared.

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1 Chapter 1 Test Goal Demonstrate your understanding of the information presented in Chapter 1. What to Do Carefully read the instructions before answering each set of questions. True/False On the line provided, indicate whether each statement is true (T) or false (F). If the sentence is false, rewrite it to make it true. 1. Positively charged ions are referred to as cations. 2. A material safety data sheet must show the date on which it was prepared. 3. Rutherford s model of the atom was rejected because it did not include neutrons. 4. The element mercury is the only element in the periodic table that is a liquid at room temperature. 5. All atoms of any one element must have the same number of neutrons. Matching Match each description in column A with the correct term in column B. Write the letter for the term on the line beside the description. A 6. sharing of valence electrons 7. ion with a negative charge 8. compound formed by the mutual attraction of two ions 9. neutral particle composed of two or more atoms that share electrons 10. regular repeating pattern of ions strongly bonded together B (a) anion (b) crystal lattice (c) covalent bond (d) ionic compound (e) molecule

2 Fill in the Blanks Use the following terms to complete the sentences below. You will not need to use all the terms. law of conservation of mass isotope ion energy level valence electron nucleus law of chemical reactions atom nucleon metalloid chemical halogen alkali metal reaction covalent bond 11. The states that matter can be neither created nor destroyed in any chemical reaction. 12. A(n) is any of two or more atoms of a specific element that are chemically identical but that have different masses. 13. A hydrogen atom has only a single occupied. 14. A(n) is any atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge. 15. A(n) is the mutual attraction of two atoms through a shared pair of electrons. Multiple Choice Circle the letter for the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 16. Which statement is not part of Dalton s atomic theory? (a) All matter is made up of small particles called atoms. (b) Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. (c) Atoms cannot be created, destroyed, or divided into smaller particles. (d) A chemical reaction changes the way that atoms are arranged. 17. J. J. Thomson discovered that cathode rays are (a) emitted from the nucleus of an atom (b) a stream of charged atoms (c) a result of nuclear reactions (d) composed of tiny, negatively charged particles

3 18. Isotopes are best described as two atoms of the same element that (a) become electrically charged (b) differ in mass but are chemically alike (c) give away electrons to become positively charged (d) have the same mass but different chemical properties 19. The isotope 40 20Ca has (a) 40 protons and 20 neutrons (b) 20 protons and 40 neutrons (c) 20 protons and 20 neutrons (d) 40 electrons and 20 neutrons 20. Elements in the same period in the periodic table (a) share similar properties (b) have the same atomic weight (c) cannot react with each other (d) have the same number of energy levels 21. Which electron dot diagram correctly represents a nitrogen atom? (a) (b) (c) (d) 22. How many protons does an atom of silver contain? (a) 47 (b) 108 (c) 61 (d) An electron dot diagram shows (a) unpaired electrons only (b) valence electrons only (c) electrons from the innermost energy level only (d) all the electrons in an atom 24. An atom is found to have seven valence electrons. To which family of elements in the periodic table does this atom belong? (a) noble gases (b) halogens (c) alkaline earth metals (d) alkali metals 25. The nucleus of any atom, except hydrogen, is made up of (a) only neutrons (b) only protons (c) equal numbers of electrons and protons (d) neutrons and protons

4 Short Answer Answer each question in the space provided. Use complete sentences when required. 26. Describe how Rutherford s gold foil experiment led to a rejection of Thomson s model of the atom. 27. How is an ionic bond different from a covalent bond? 28. Use electron dot diagrams to show how potassium, K, and nitrogen, N, form a compound.

5 Long Answer Answer each question in the space provided. Use complete sentences, and include diagrams (with labels) when required. 29. Oxygen is the most abundant element found on Earth. Oxygen is a key component in many organic and inorganic compounds. (a) Although oxygen-16 is the most common isotope of oxygen, oxygen-17 and oxygen-18 are also present. Despite the differences in the atomic structures of the three isotopes, there is no difference in how they form ionic or molecular compounds with atoms of other elements. Explain how this can be. (b) Two oxygen-containing compounds are sodium oxide, Na 2 O, and silicon dioxide, SiO 2. Draw electron dot diagrams to represent these two compounds. (c) How is the bonding in sodium oxide different from the bonding in carbon dioxide?

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