a. What is the particle that makes these two elements VERY different from each other? The PROTONS make each element different from one another.
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1 Name: Date: Directions: 1. You need to be sure to go over ALL of the pages in your classwork section; these notes will help you complete this study guide. 2. You should also look back at all of your exit tickets and daily goals to see which topics you may want to spend extra time on. Your homework worksheets would also be a good source. 3. Try to complete as much as you can without looking at your notes. After that, go back through your notes to help you fill in the rest. A. Fill in the missing information in the chart to the right. Particle Location Charge Proton Inside nucleus Positive Neutron Inside nucleus Neutral B. Use the electron shells below to draw a model of a nitrogen atom. Use the following key to help you complete the model: Electron Outside nucleus Negative Key: = protons = 7 = electrons = 7 = neutrons = 7 C. Now use the electron shells below to draw a model of a fluorine atom. Key: = protons = 9 = electrons = 9 = neutrons = 10 a. What is the particle that makes these two elements VERY different from each other? The PROTONS make each element different from one another.
2 D. Fill in the missing information into the graphic organizer below. atoms elements Two or more elements CHEMICALLY combined Two or more elements PHYSICALLY combined compounds mixtures E. The following circles represent ONE atom. Each color circle represents a DIFFERENT kind of atom. Use the different circles to draw examples of the following types of matter. Then, below your picture, give a real life example of each. The example of molecule has been done for you. One atom of Element A One atom of Element B Element Mixture Compound Molecule (this should be ONE unit of the compound you drew) Carbon Salt & pepper Salt One molecule of salt has 1 sodium atom and 1 chlorine atom. F. Use your periodic table to fill in the missing information below. This is the ATOMIC NUMBER. The atomic number tells us the number of protons in the element. (It is ALSO equal to the number of electrons.) This is the ATOMIC MASS. This tells us the TOTAL number of protons PLUS neutrons. This is the Chemical Symbol. This is the Chemical Name.
3 G. Use your periodic table to fill in the missing information below. Chemical Name Chemical Symbol Atomic Number Atomic Mass Protons Electrons Neutrons Potassium K Nickel Ni Lead Pb H. A chemical formula is a way of writing a compound to tell us what ELEMENTS are in the compound. a. Look at the following chemical formulas and identify what ELEMENTS are in the compound. b. Then, tell us how many ATOMS of each element are present in the compound. N 2 O H 2 SO 4 C 8 H 10 N 4 O 2 Nitrogen 2 Hydrogen 2 Carbon 8 Oxygen 1 Sulfur 1 Hydrogen 10 Oxygen 4 Nitrogen 4 Oxygen 2 I. Silver Nitrate is one of the compounds we used in our lab. a. Silver Nitrate has the following elements in it, in this exact order: i. One atom of Silver (Ag) ii. One atom of Nitrogen (N) iii. Three atoms of Oxygen (O) b. Use the above information to write the CHEMICAL FORMULA: AgNO 3 J. Fill in the following venn diagram with information about physical and chemical changes. Physical Changes A change in size, shape or state The original substance does NOT lose its identity Does not change into anything new True of Both A change in matter. Chemical Changes A substance changes from one substance into a NEW substance with new & different properties. The original substance DOES lose its identity
4 K. Identify which of the following examples are examples of a chemical change by placing an in the box. One example has been done for you. Example of Matter Changing Bleaching a shirt Leaves changing color in the fall Ice melting Salt dissolving in water A necklace tarnishing (when jewelry turns a brownish color) Cutting pancakes Cooking pancakes Chemical Change L. A chemical equation is a way to represent a chemical change. a. Using the chemical equation below, DRAW A CIRCLE around the REACTANTS and DRAW A SQUARE around the PRODUCTS. Zn + HCl ZnCl 2 + H 2 b. When a compound has a coefficient attached, the coefficient tells us how many MOLECULES of that compound are present. For example: + + M. Below are some examples of chemical equations. a. Determine if each equation is balanced by counting the atoms on each side of the equation. b. Then, write a letter B in the space if the equation is balanced and a U in the space if it is unbalanced. B CH 4 + 2O 2 CO 2 + 2H 2 O C = 1 H = 4 O = 4 C = 1 H = 4 O = 4 U 2P + 3Cl 2PCl 3 P = 2 Cl = 3 P = 2 Cl =6
5 N. Use the chart below to fill in the top 3 elements found in each of these locations. Use the graphs/charts below to help you fill in the missing information. Earth s Atmosphere Earth s Crust Earth s Oceans Human Body Top Element # 1 Nitrogen Oxygen Oxygen Oxygen Top Element # 2 Oxygen Silicon Hydrogen Carbon Top Element # 3 Argon Aluminum Chlorine Hydrogen
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