Friday, 09/09/16. Topic: Acids, Bases & Salts (I) Essential Question: By the end of today, Explain differences in acids, bases & salts
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1 Friday, 09/09/16 P.S.1; P.S. 2-11: Distinguish between chemical and physical properties and changes. Essential Question: How do we differentiate between acids, bases and salts? By the end of today, IWBAT Explain differences in acids, bases & salts Topic: Acids, Bases & Salts (I)
2 Acids & Bases They are everywhere.. In your food In your house EVEN IN YOU!!!!!
3 What is an acid? An acid is a solution that has an excess of H+ ions. It comes from the Latin word acidus that means "sharp" or "sour". The more H + ions, the more acidic the solution.
4 Properties of an Acid Tastes Sour Conduct Electricity Corrosive, which means they break down certain substances. Many acids can corrode fabric, skin,and paper Some acids react strongly with metals Turns blue litmus paper red Picture from BBC Revision Bites ases_1.shtml
5 Uses of Acids Acetic Acid = Vinegar Citric Acid = lemons, limes, & oranges. It is in many sour candies such as lemonhead & sour patch. Ascorbic acid = Vitamin C which your body needs to function. Sulfuric acid is used in the production of fertilizers, steel, paints, and plastics. Car batteries
6 What is a base? A base is a solution that has an excess of OHions. Another word for base is alkali. Bases are substances that can accept hydrogen ions
7 Properties of a Base Feel Slippery Taste Bitter Corrosive Can conduct electricity. (Think alkaline batteries.) Do not react with metals. Turns red litmus paper blue.
8 Uses of Bases Bases give soaps, ammonia, and many other cleaning products some of their useful properties. The OH- ions interact strongly with certain substances, such as dirt and grease. Chalk and oven cleaner are examples of familiar products that contain bases. Your blood is a basic solution.
9 ph Scale ph is a measure of how acidic or basic a solution is. The ph scale ranges from 0 to 14. Acidic solutions have ph values below 7 A solution with a ph of 0 is very acidic. A solution with a ph of 7 is neutral. Pure water has a ph of 7. Basic solutions have ph values above 7.
10 ph Scale A change of 1 ph unit represents a tenfold change in the acidity of the solution. For example, if one solution has a ph of 1 and a second solution has a ph of 2, the first solution is not twice as acidic as the second it is ten times more acidic.
11 A reaction between an acid and a base is called neutralization. An acid-base mixture is not as acidic or basic as the individual starting solutions. Acid Base Reactions
12 Acid Base reactions Each salt listed in this table can be formed by the reaction between an acid and a base.
13 Monday, 09/12/16 P.S.1; P.S. 2-11: Distinguish between scientific hypotheses and scientific theories. By the end of today, IWBAT Explain differences in acids, bases & salts Essential Question: How do we differentiate between acids, bases and salts? Topic: Acids, Bases & Salts (II)
14 Identifying Acids and Bases Acids have a ph from 0-7 Lower ph value indicates a stronger acid. Bases have a ph from 7-14 Higher ph value indicates a stronger base.
15 OH Definitions of Acids and Bases An acid is a substance that breaks into H ions in an aqueous solution. A Base (alkaline) is a substance that breaks into OH ions in an aqueous solution. Note: aqueous solution is any solution where H 2 O is the solvent.
16 Did we Miss something?? What happens when the ph of a substance is 7? Ans: A ph level of 7 indicates a Neutral Substance i.e: Water!
17 Test Your Knowledge What is the range of an ACID on the ph scale? Ans: 0-7 What is the range of a BASE and what is another name for a BASE? Ans: 7-14, Alkaline
18 Characteristics Of Acids Acids can be characterized by: 1. A sour taste. 2. It turns blue litmus paper red 3. It tastes sour. Try drinking lemon juice (citric acid)
19 Characteristics of Bases A Base is characterized by: 1. A bitter taste. (Milk of Magnesia) 2. It feels slippery. (Soapy Water) 3. It turns Red Litmus Blue.
20 Why Learn about Acids & Bases? What do you think is the ph level of NYC tap water? The ph of a swimming pool must be checked periodically. Why? Is it important for Lakes & Rivers to maintain a certain ph?
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