DUE DATE: JUNE 18 TH. SUMMER REV: Physical and Chemical Properties

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NAME: DUE DATE: JUNE 18 TH AP Chemistry SUMMER REV: Physical and Chemical Properties Why? Iron is a metal that has become quite useful in modern society due to its abundance and strength.

1 NAME: DUE DATE: JUNE 18 TH AP Chemistry SUMMER REV: Physical and Chemical Properties Why? Iron is a metal that has become quite useful in modern society due to its abundance and strength. When mixed with carbon, it forms the alloy steel, which is used extensively in everyday life. But iron has a major disadvantage it rusts when exposed to air. By understanding iron s physical and chemical characteristics, as well as the physical and chemical changes it undergoes, we are able to utilize it as best as possible. For instance, when iron is mixed with carbon, chromium and nickel, it forms stainless steel, which is used in appliances and dinner ware. When it is combined with chromium, nickel and molybdenum, it forms surgical steel, which is used in scalpels. Success Criteria You should be able to: o Differentiate between physical and chemical characteristics and changes. o Identify examples of physical and chemical characteristics. o Identify examples of physical and chemical changes. MODEL: Physical and Chemical Properties of Aluminum Example 1: Mass is a Physical Property Example 2: Volume is a Physical Property

2 S U M M E R R E V : P h y s i c a l a n d C h e m i c a l P r o p e r t i e s 2 Example 3: Magnetism is a Physical Property Example 4: Melting Point is a Physical Property Example 5: Reactivity is a Chemical Property

3 S U M M E R R E V : P h y s i c a l a n d C h e m i c a l P r o p e r t i e s 3 Key Questions 1. Make a list of the physical properties that are identified in the Model. 2. What are common features of physical properties represented in the Model? 3. According to the Model, how does the chemical property differ from the physical properties? 4. Take a closer look at Example 2 (Volume of Aluminum). Study Measuring the property part of the illustration. Identify another chemical property of aluminum. (In what way does aluminum react or not react with water?) 5. Below is a representation of sugar dissolving in water (sugar = solute, water = solvent): Looking at the geometric shapes closely, is solubility a physical property or chemical property? Explain. 6. Density is calculated as Mass / Volume. Based on the Model, would this be a physical property or a chemical property? Explain.

S U M M E R R E V : P h y s i c a l a n d C h e m i c a l P r o p e r t i e s 4 EXERCISES 7. Identify the following statements about phosphorous as being physical or chemical.

4 S U M M E R R E V : P h y s i c a l a n d C h e m i c a l P r o p e r t i e s 4 EXERCISES 7. Identify the following statements about phosphorous as being physical or chemical. STATEMENT PHYSICAL CHEMICAL a b c d Never found in elemental form in nature. (Will catch fire spontaneously in air.) Melts at 44.1 C. Elemental phosphorous can be stored under water. Dissolves in carbon disulfide (CS 2 ) but not in alcohol. 8. Take a close look at Example 4 in the Model. Complete the sketches below for the determination of the boiling point of water. Before the property is measured Measuring of the property After the property is measured 9. Determine if the following are physical changes or chemical changes. STATEMENT PHYSICAL CHEMICAL The digestion of a peanut butter and jelly sandwich after lunch. a b The pages in an old book yellow over time. Perfume evaporates from an open bottle. c d A cut finger heals in a few weeks, leaving behind scar tissue.

5 S U M M E R R E V : P h y s i c a l a n d C h e m i c a l P r o p e r t i e s The figures below represent changes in matter at the atomic scale. a. Which figure(s) represents a physical change? Explain. b. Which figure(s) represents a chemical change? Explain. c. Circle the proper state of matter for each figure. State of Reactants State of Products Figure A Solid Liquid Gas Solid Liquid Gas Figure B Solid Liquid Gas Solid Liquid Gas d. Which figure(s) resulted in a change in physical state? e. Which represented the products having different physical properties than the reactants? Explain. f. Which represented the products having different chemical properties than the reactants? Explain.

Chapter 2 Matter & Change

Chapter 2 Matter & Change Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space Matter can exist in four states Solid Liquid Gas Plasma Matter can be classified into two main groups Pure Substance Mixture A pure substance is a material