TRIP REPORT FOR THE TCE HAVERTOWN SITE VAPOR INTRUSION ASSESSMENT HAVERTOWN, DELAWARE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. Prepared for

Transcription

1 TRIP REPORT FOR THE TCE HAVERTOWN SITE VAPOR INTRUSION ASSESSMENT HAVERTOWN, DELAWARE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region III Hazardous Site Cleanup Division 1650 Arch Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Submitted by Weston Solutions, Inc Weston Way West Chester, PA EPA Contract No. EP-S Technical Direction Document No. WS Document Control No. WS July 16, 2011 Revised August 2, 2011 Prepared by: Approved by: Charles Rapone Project Team Leader Weston Solutions, Inc. Robert McGlade START Scope of Work Manager Weston Solutions, Inc. Ruth Scharr On-Scene Coordinator EPA

2 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S CONTENTS Section Page 1. INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND SITE LOCATION SITE DESCRIPTION AND HISTORY PREVIOUS SITE INVESTIGATION ACTIVITIES SITE ACTIVITIES SAMPLE COLLECTION SAMPLE LOCATION SAMPLE NOMENCLATURE SAMPLE HANDLING PROCEDURES ANALYTICAL RESULTS STATION STATION STATION STATION STATION STATION STATION STATION STATION STATION REFERENCES X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/2011 iii

3 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S TABLE 1 TABLE 2 TABLES FIELD SAMPLING LOCATION DATA METEOROLOGICAL DATA SUMMARY FIGURE 1 FIGURE 2 SITE LOCATION MAP FIGURES RESIDENTIAL SAMPLING LOCATIONS APPENDICES APPENDIX A ANALYTICAL RESULTS FOR DETECTED COMPOUNDS Table A-1 TCE Havertown Station 11 s Table A-2 TCE Havertown Station 14 s Table A-3 TCE Havertown Station 18 s Table A-4 TCE Havertown Station 47 s Table A-5 TCE Havertown Station 51 s Table A-6 TCE Havertown Station 53 s Table A-7 TCE Havertown Station 54 s Table A-8 TCE Havertown Station 67 s Table A-9 TCE Havertown Station 206 s Table A-10 TCE Havertown Station 207 s APPENDIX B APPENDIX C VALIDATED ANALYTICAL DATA PACKAGE AND REPORT ATSDR REVIEW OF TCE HAVERTOWN AIR DATA X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/2011 iv

4 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S ACRONYMS F degrees Fahrenheit µg/l micrograms per liter µg/m 3 micrograms per cubic meter ATSDR Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry AF attenuation factor bgs below ground surface BTEX benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene COC chemical of concern EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ESAT Environmental Services Assistance Team FID flame ionization device HI hazard index L liter MPH miles per hour mg/kg milligrams per kilogram PCE tetrachloroethylene PCP pentachlorophenol ppm parts per million ppb parts per billion QAPP Quality Assurance Project Plan RSL Regional Screening Level START Superfund Technical Assessment and Response Team TCE trichloroethylene TDD Technical Direction Document VIP vapor intrusion pathway VOC volatile organic compound WESTON Weston Solutions, Inc. X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/2011 v

5 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S INTRODUCTION Under Eastern Area Superfund Technical Assessment and Response Team (START) Contract No. EP-S , Technical Direction Document (TDD) No. WS , U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region III tasked Weston Solutions, Inc. (WESTON) to conduct a vapor intrusion assessment inclusive of indoor air, sub-slab soil gas, and ambient air sampling at residential properties located in close proximity to the Trichloroethylene (TCE) Havertown Site (henceforth referred to as the Site ) in Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania. The objective of this assessment was to determine whether TCE contamination in the groundwater presents an unacceptable risk via the vapor intrusion pathway to residents living within close proximity to a low level TCE contaminant groundwater plume. The primary chemical of concern (COC) for the TCE Havertown Site is trichloroethylene (TCE). Breakdown products of TCE were also evaluated as COCs including: 1,1-dichloroethene (1,1-DCE), cis-1,2 DCE, trans-1,2-dce, and vinyl chloride. To meet this objective, air samples were collected from beneath the building sub-slab along with indoor and ambient air data. At some dwellings a crawl space air sample was collected in lieu of a sub-slab air sample due to concern of a high water table. For the site COCs, including the primary contaminant and its breakdown products, all indoor and outdoor/ambient air results were compared to the EPA Regional Screening Level (RSL) for Residential Indoor Air (June 2011) corresponding to 1E-04 risk level for carcinogens, as well as a non-cancer risk level calculated using a Hazard Index (HI) of 1. The results fell within the EPA acceptable risk range of 1E-04 to 1E-06 (i.e., 1 excess cancer in 10,000 to 1 excess cancer in 1,000,000 people exposed) and were below a HI of 1. In the absence of an EPA RSL, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDRs) comparison values were used to evaluate chemical exposures and the need for removal activities. A comparison value is the concentration of a substance in air, food, soil and water that is unlikely, upon exposure to cause adverse health effects. This trip report provides site background in Section 2, describes site activities in Section 3, and summarizes analytical results in Section 4. All references cited in this report are listed in Section 5. X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

6 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S BACKGROUND This section describes the site location, presents a description and history of the Site, and summarizes previous site investigations. 2.1 SITE LOCATION The TCE Havertown Site is located in a mixed industrial, light commercial and residential area within Haverford Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania, as identified in Figure 1, Site Location Map. The bounds of the TCE Havertown Site have not been fully delineated, however, based on existing groundwater data from the nearby Havertown PCP Site, this Site is not expected to extend to the north beyond the industrial properties located north of Lawrence Road, to the west beyond monitoring well cluster 14 or the Lynnewood Elementary School, to the south beyond Warren Avenue or Achilles Road, or to the east beyond Belvedere Avenue. The geographic coordinates of the approximate center of the Site are north latitude and west longitude. 2.2 SITE DESCRIPTION AND HISTORY The TCE Havertown Site is adjacent to the Havertown Pentachlorophenol (PCP) Site, as shown in Figure 2. An existing groundwater monitoring well system and groundwater pumping treatment system are currently in use at the Havertown PCP Site. The vapor intrusion assessment at the TCE Havertown Site investigates sub-slab, crawl space, and indoor air among residential areas that are located within the vicinity of Rittenhouse Circle and Lawrence Road. Commercial and industrial properties are located within the site boundaries; however, these properties are not included in the current sub-slab and indoor air investigation. Commercial and industrial properties may be included in activities related to delineation of groundwater contamination at the Site. Stormwater runoff is collected by an underground stormwater collection system that discharges to Naylors Run. Naylors Run flows to the southeast along the Site s eastern boundary. Abandoned and currently-in-use sanitary sewer lines also exist within the vicinity of Naylors X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

7 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S Run, along the eastern side of the Site. Based on monitoring data collected by EPA in relation to the Havertown PCP Site, groundwater is expected to flow southeast towards Naylors Run. The Havertown PCP Site is currently listed on the National Priorities List and encompasses between 12 and 15 acres surrounding the former National Wood Preservers facility. In the groundwater, primary contaminates of concern at the Havertown PCP Site currently include PCP, arsenic, dioxin, VOC and petroleum hydrocarbons. Remedial activities at the Site were initiated in the early 1970 s and are currently ongoing. Throughout remedial activities at the Havertown PCP Site, soil, sediment, groundwater, surface water, and air samples have also been collected at the Site. 2.3 PREVIOUS SITE INVESTIGATION ACTIVITIES Well cluster CW-1 has shown the greatest concentrations of TCE of all wells related to the Havertown PCP Site between 1988 and Concentrations have ranged from non-detect to 1,700 micrograms per liter (µg/l). The most recent sampling event in March 2011, documented concentrations of TCE at 420 µg/l and 9.1 µg/l in CW-1S and CW-1D, respectively. CW-1S has a total depth of 21.3 feet below ground surface (bgs). CW-1D has a total depth of 57.6 feet bgs. Well cluster CW-1 is located on the eastern edge of the industrial properties along Lawrence Road, within an area that was capped in TCE has never been detected in well cluster CW-14, which is located in the playground adjacent to the western edge of the industrial properties along Lawrence Road. In 1995, subsurface soil samples were collected from an industrial property along Lawrence Road. A total of 15 soil borings were sampled at varying depths. TCE concentrations were detected in four borings. The maximum concentration was detected at 10.7 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) at 3-5 bgs. This area was capped in 1997 as part of a remedial action for the Havertown PCP Site. Surface water sampling was conducted at the Havertown PCP Site in 1987 and 1988 along Naylors Run. TCE was detected in five surface water samples downstream of a storm sewer outfall associated with the Philadelphia Chewing Gum Factory located on the Site. Concentrations ranged from 1.8 µg/l to 16 µg/l. The highest concentration of TCE was located X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

8 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S nearest to the storm sewer outfall. A second set of surface water sampling activities were conducted in 1990 and TCE was detected in three locations along Naylors Run ranging from 4J µg/l to 7µg/L. The J laboratory qualifier signifies that the analyte is present in the sample; however the reported value may not be accurate. Surface water samples were also collected from the storm sewer prior to discharge to Naylors Run. In one of the three samples, TCE was detected at a concentration of 16 µg/l. Between 2002 and 2005, additional surface water testing occurred at the Havertown PCP Site. TCE was not detected in Naylors Run at that time; however, TCE was detected in the Recreational Open Space area located southeast of Rittenhouse Circle. Detected concentrations in four samples ranged from 2J µg/l to 4J µg/l. During the Havertown PCP Site investigation activities, an abandoned sewer line was identified as a migration pathway for contaminants from the Havertown PCP Site. The sewer was sealed in 2004, when TCE was no longer detected in the surface water in the Recreational Open Space area. Additionally, TCE has not been detected in air or sediment samples collected from the Havertown PCP Site. X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

9 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S S ITE ACTIVITIES This section describes the sample collection and sample handling activities associated with the March 2011 vapor intrusion assessment at the TCE Havertown Site. 3.1 SAMPLE COLLECTION On March 2, 2011 and March 19, 2011, WESTON conducted two sampling events at a total of 10 residences. WESTON collected a total of 28 indoor air samples [including two co-located (or duplicate ) samples], three outdoor/ambient air samples, and seven sub-slab samples [including one co-located (or duplicate ) sample] to be analyzed for evidence of vapor intrusion. Sub-slab sample ports were installed at five of the residential properties. In the remaining residential properties, crawl space air samples were collected in lieu of sub-slab samples due to the presence of a high water table. Ports were installed by following EPA ERT SOP No. 2082, Construction and Installation of Permanent Sub-slab Soil Gas Wells. Samples were collected in accordance with the EPA-approved Field Sampling Plan (February 2011) using 6-liter (L) Summa canisters. The samples were collected over a 24-hour period and submitted to the EPA s in Fort Meade, Maryland for VOC analysis in accordance with EPA Method TO-15. Prior to the March 1-2 and March sampling activities, each property was screened to identify potential background sources of indoor contaminants. Screening activities were conducted with a ppbrae VOC detector monitor and TVA-1000 Photo Ionization Detector (PID)/Flame Ionization Detector (FID). Any material that was identified in the home which was considered a potential source of contaminants was removed from the sampling areas prior to sampling. 3.2 SAMPLE LOCATION To protect the privacy of the residents, the EPA used a random number generator to identify and select a station number to represent each property sampled. A summary of the field sampling location data is provided in Table 1 and shown on Figure 2. Additionally, the following summarizes the samples collected at each property, presented by station number: X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

10 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S Outdoor Air Two canisters were positioned outside to collect outdoor ambient air for the duration of sampling. The purpose of these samples was to evaluate the concentration of background contaminants of interest from areas surrounding the Site. On the March 2 sampling date, one 6-L Summa canister was placed at Station 47. On the March 19 sample date, two 6-L Summa canisters were placed outside at the following locations: One was positioned at station 54 and one positioned at Station 67. Station 11 One 24-hour Summa canister was collected from the crawl space within the residential property located at Station 11. Station 14 Three 24-hour Summa canisters were collected from within the residential property located at Station 14. Samples were collected from the following locations: two locations in the basement, including one sub-slab soil gas sample, and one indoor air sample; and one indoor air sample on the first floor of the residence. Station 18 Four 24-hour Summa canisters were collected from within the residential property located at Station 18. Samples were collected from the following locations: one sub-slab soil gas sample; one indoor air sample from the crawl space; one indoor air sample from the lower level; and one indoor air sample on the first floor. Station 47 Five 24-hour Summa canisters were collected from within the residential property located at Station 47. One canister was positioned outside the residence to collect outdoor ambient air for the duration of sampling. The purpose of this sample was to evaluate the background concentration of contaminants of interest. Samples were collected from inside the residence at the following four locations: one indoor air sample from the crawl space; one indoor air sample from the lower level; and two indoor air samples on the first floor. Samples collected on the first floor were collected as a duplicate pair for quality control purposes. Station 51 Four 24-hour Summa canisters were collected from within the residential property located at Station 51. Indoor air samples were collected from both the lower X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

11 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S level and the first floor. Additionally, two sub-slab soil gas samples were collected as a duplicate pair for quality control purposes. Station 53 Three 24-hour Summa canisters were collected from within the residential property located at Station 53. Samples were collected from the following locations: two locations in the basement, including one sub-slab soil gas sample, and one indoor air sample; and one indoor air sample on the first floor. Station 54 Five 24-hour Summa canisters were collected from the residential property located at Station 54. One canister was positioned outside the residence to collect outdoor ambient air for the duration of sampling. The purpose of this sample was to evaluate the background concentration of contaminants of interest from areas surrounding the Site. Samples were collected from inside the residence at the following four locations: two indoor air samples from in the crawl space; one indoor air sample from the lower level; and one indoor air sample on the first floor. Station 67 Six 24-hour Summa canisters were collected from the residential property located at Station 67. One canister was positioned outside the residence to collect outdoor ambient air for the duration of sampling. The purpose of this sample is to evaluate the background concentration of contaminants of interest from areas surrounding the Site. Samples were collected from inside the residence at five locations. One indoor air sample on the first floor and four locations in the basement: two sub-slab soil gas samples, one in the front and the second in the rear of the basement; and two co-located duplicate indoor air samples. Station 206 Three 24-hour Summa canisters were collected from within the residential property located at Station 206. Indoor air samples were collected from the crawl space, the lower level, and the first floor. Station 207 Four 24-hour Summa canisters were collected from within the residential property located at Station 207. Samples were collected from the following locations: two X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

12 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S indoor air samples from the crawl space; one indoor air sample from the lower level; and one indoor air sample on the first floor. 3.3 SAMPLE NOMENCLATURE WESTON designated sample identifiers according to five components and the following format: [ ] - [ ] - [ ] - [ ] - [ ] Component 1 Identifies the location on the property from where the sample was collected: BS Indoor air sample collected from the basement CS Indoor air sample collected from the crawl space FF Indoor air sample collected from the first floor LL Indoor air sample collected from the lower level of split level residence OA Outdoor/Ambient Air SS Soil gas sample collected from the sub-slab Component 2 Identifies the property, by station number from where the sample was collected. Samples were collected from station numbers 11, 14, 18, 47, 51, 53, 54, 67, 206, and 207. Component 3 Identifies the number of the sample collected at each location at a specific property. In most cases, this number is -01- ; however, there are some instances where two, non-duplicate pair, samples were collected at a location. In such instances, the second sample was designated with a -02- in the third component of the sample identifier. Component 4 Identifies the start date of the sample collection in non-hyphenated numerical format, i.e. March 1, 2011 is represented as Component 5 Identifies the QA sample type Environmental sample 02 - Duplicate sample For example, sample identifier CS indicates that this sample was the second indoor air sample collected from within the crawl space of Station 54 on March 18, This sample is an environmental sample rather than a duplicate. X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

13 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S Table 1 Field Sampling Location Data Sample ID Start Start End End Canister Vacuum Canister Vacuum Date Time Date Time at Start (Hg) at Stop (Hg) CS /1/ /2/ BS /1/ /2/ FF /1/ /2/ SS /1/ /2/ SS /1/ /2/ FF /1/ /2/ CS /1/ /2/ LL /1/ /2/ LL /1/ /2/ FF /1/ /2/ FF /1/ /2/ CS /1/ /2/ OA /1/ /2/ FF /1/ /2/ SS /1/ /2/ SS /1/ /2/ LL /1/ /2/ FF /1/ /2/ BS /1/ /2/ SS /1/ /2/ FF /18/ /19/ LL /18/ /19/ CS /18/ /19/ CS /18/ /19/ OA /18/ /19/ BS /18/ /19/ BS /18/ /19/ OA /18/ /19/ FF /18/ /19/ SS /18/ /19/ SS /18/ /19/ FF /1/ /2/ LL /1/ /2/ CS /1/ /2/ FF /18/ /19/ LL /18/ /19/ CS /18/ /19/ CS /18/ /19/ Note: * = Stop times were collected on 03/02/2011 and 03/19/2011 (24 hour regulator) X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

14 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S Meteorological data were recorded from the local meteorological data (wind speed and direction, temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, barometric pressure, etc.) prior to (7 days) and concurrent with the Summa canister air/vapor sampling as shown in Table 2. Table 2 Meteorological Data Summary Date Temperature High ( Fahrenheit) Temperature Low ( Fahrenheit) Humidity Average (Percent) Pressure Maximum (Inches) Pressure Minimum (Inches) Wind Speed Average (Miles per Hour) Precipitation (Inches) Events 2/20/ T Snow 2/21/ Fog, Rain, Snow 2/22/ Fog, Snow 2/23/ /24/ Rain 2/25/ Rain, Thunderstorm 2/26/ /27/ /28/ Rain 3/1/ /2/ /11/ Rain 3/12/ /13/ /14/ /15/ /16/ Rain 3/17/ /18/ /19/ X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

15 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S SAMPLE HANDLING PROCEDURES Samples were handled and packaged in accordance with the START-4 Program-Wide Uniform Federal Policy Act Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP), (WESTON, 2010). All shipping canisters and packages were properly labeled with chain-of-custody seals and shipped via FedEx on March 3, 2011 and March 21, 2011, to the EPA Region 3 Laboratory located at Fort Meade, Maryland. Canisters were shipped with signed chain-of-custody forms (Appendix B). The samples were received and logged with receipt dates of March 4, 2011, March 8, 2011, and March 22, 2011, and arrived in good condition. WESTON personnel conducted photographic and written documentation of sampling activities. Field logbook documentation was conducted in accordance with WESTON s QAPP for START (WESTON, 2010). X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

16 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S ANALYTICAL RESULTS This section discusses the analytical results of the sub-slab, indoor air, and ambient/outdoor air samples collected at the Site in March The samples were analyzed for VOCs in accordance with EPA Method TO-15. Analytical results were validated by the EPA Region 3 Environmental Services Assistance Team (ESAT) contractor. A copy of the laboratory analytical data packages from EPA Region 3 Laboratory and the ESAT-validated report are included as Appendix B to this report. The site COCs are TCE and its breakdown products: 1,1-DCE, cis1,2-dce, trans-1,2-dce, and vinyl chloride of which none were detected in any living space indoor air. In one crawlspace sample cis-1,2-dce was detected at a concentration of 1.0 µg/m 3. In one sub-slab sample, TCE was detected at a concentration of 1.19µg/m 3. These results were compared to the EPA RSL for Residential Indoor Air (June 2011) corresponding to 1E-04 risk levels for carcinogens, as well as a non-cancer risk level calculated using a Hazard Index (HI) of 1. In the absence of a RSL the results were compared to ATSDRs Comparison Values. The results for the Site COCs fell within the EPA acceptable risk range of 1E-04 to 1E-06. (i.e., 1 excess cancer in 10,000 to 1 excess cancer in 1,000,000 people exposed). With the exception of one crawlspace sample, TCE and its breakdown products were not detected in indoor air samples. The one detection of 1,2 DCE in a crawl space was below screening levels and was not detected in the associated sub-slab sample. Therefore, the contaminant at this location appears to be related to background sources. Based on the data set, TCE and any TCE breakdown products in the shallow groundwater contaminant plume do not pose an unacceptable risk to residents via a vapor intrusion pathway. These contaminants have not been detected in the indoor air living space and therefore, a removal action is not required to mitigate potential risks from TCE. Several non-site related contaminants were detected at low levels in indoor air, and outdoor air. Many of the non-site related contaminants detected can be from sources of background contamination. In some cases, the same non-site related contaminant was detected in the indoor X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

17 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S air sample, and a sub-slab or crawl space sample. Generally the concentrations detected in the indoor air were slightly higher than the sub-slab or crawl space sample. This may indicate that the contaminant detected in the living space area is likely due to background contamination. In cases where the contaminant is not detected in the sub-slab sample but is found in the indoor air, the source of the contaminant would be considered background contamination and not due to a vapor intrusion pathway. In cases where the contaminant concentrations detected in the sub-slab are slightly higher than the indoor air, it is difficult to determine whether the vapor intrusion pathway is complete because the levels that were detected in the samples are near the detection level or at low levels. The results for non-site related contaminants were compared to the EPA RSL for Residential Indoor Air (June 2011) corresponding to 1E-04 risk levels for carcinogens, as well as a non-cancer risk level calculated using a HI of 1. In the absence of a RSL the results were compared to ATSDRs Comparison Values. With the exception of three individual indoor air results for 1,2- Dichloroethane (1,2-DCA), 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene, and 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene which were slightly above the RSL, the results fell within the EPA acceptable risk range of 1E-04 to 1E-06. (i.e., 1 excess cancer in 10,000 to 1 excess cancer in 1,000,000 people exposed). These detections are considered to be from background contaminant sources. Based on the results, a removal action is not required to mitigate potential risks from non-sited related contaminants. The analytical results (Appendix A) are summarized in micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m 3 ). All indoor and outdoor/ambient air results are compared to the EPA Regional RSL for Residential Indoor Air (June 2011) corresponding to 1E-04 risk levels for carcinogens, as well as a non-cancer risk level calculated using a HI of 1. Sub-slab samples are compared to the same criteria using an Attenuation Factor (AF) of 0.1. The results fell within the EPA acceptable risk range of 1E-04 to 1E-06. (i.e., 1 excess cancer in 10,000 to 1 excess cancer in 1,000,000 people exposed). The ATSDR evaluated the overall data package and determined that contaminant concentrations do not pose a risk to public health and are below levels of concern at the Site (Appendix C). X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/11 4-2

18 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S Each station-specific table contains the results of the ambient/outdoor sample(s) collected during the same time. One of the three samples, OA , was collected at Station 47 during the first round of sampling (March 1-2, 2011). The following eight compounds were detected in this sample: acetone, benzene, chloromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, ethanol, m,p-xylene, toluene, and trichlorofluoromethane. None of the results exceeded RSLs for Indoor Air. The results were reported with the laboratory J qualifier, which indicates that the analyte is present; however the reported value is an estimate. The remaining two outdoor/ambient air samples (OA and OA ) were collected outdoors at Stations 54 and 67 during the second round of sampling (March 18-19, 2011). The following seven compounds were detected in both of these samples: acetone, chloromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, ethanol, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, and trichlorofluoromethane. None of the results exceeded RSLs for Indoor Air. Benzene was not detected in the outdoor/ambient air samples collected at Stations 54 and 67. For compounds that were detected in indoor air samples that were also detected in outdoor/ambient air samples, it may be reasonable that the compounds are attributable to local background concentrations. The following sections present the results by station number. 4.1 STATION 11 One indoor air sample was collected from the crawl space of the residence at Station 11. No subslab soil gas samples were collected at Station 11. During the initial property screen, cigarette smoke was observed in the lower level area just outside the crawl space. Using a TVA-1000 flame ionization device (FID), a reading of 60 parts per million (ppm) was detected at the sampling location in the lower level area. The resident indicated he or she smokes inside the home. The presence of the cigarette smoke may have caused background interference during the collection of the sample. High concentrations of some contaminants, including benzene, can be found in tobacco smoke (MNDOH, 2009). No items or materials were removed prior to setting the canisters. X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

19 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S No site related contaminates were detected at this location. Thirteen non-site related compounds were detected. All detected concentrations were reported below the respective Residential Indoor Air RSLs based on a cancer risk of 1E-04 and a non cancer HI of 1.0. Eight of the 13 compounds detected in the indoor air sample collected were also detected in the concurrently-collected outdoor/ambient air sample. Table A-1 in Appendix A summarizes the analytical results for Station STATION 14 One sub-slab soil gas sample and two indoor air samples were collected from the residential property located at Station 14. Indoor air samples were collected from the basement and the first floor. During the initial property screening, multiple household chemicals were observed on a shelf adjacent to where the sub-slab sample was collected. Chemicals included wasp insecticide, hand cleanser, Oxiclean, lock lubricants, CLR, WD-40, and moth balls. These items were removed from the basement. In addition, the odor of moth balls was observed on the first floor and in the basement area. A readings of 120 parts per billion (ppb) was detected using a ppbrae VOC detector monitor in the first floor location near a painted lamp. The lamp was removed to an upper level floor. No site related contaminates were detected in the indoor air samples. Five non-site related compounds were detected in the basement indoor air sample, and two of the five compounds were reported in the first floor indoor air sample. All of the chemicals found in the indoor air samples were also detected in the outside air sample. Chemicals detected, in both the indoor air and the sub-slab, were detected at lower concentrations in the sub-slab. All detected concentrations in all samples were reported below the respective Residential Indoor Air RSLs based on a cancer risk of 1E-04 and a non cancer HI of 1.0. Five compounds including, TCE, were detected in the sub-slab sample collected at Station 14. All of the detected concentrations were reported below their respective RSLs for sub-slab samples based the 1E-04 risk levels for carcinogens and the non-cancer risk level. TCE was detected at 0.2 or 1.19 µg/m 3 which is below the quantitation limit of 1.0 and J X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

20 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S qualified. At this low level, the TCE detected beneath the building does not present a vapor intrusion risk. Table A-2 in Appendix A summarizes the analytical results for Station STATION 18 One sub-slab soil gas sample and three indoor air samples were collected from the residential property located at Station 18. Indoor air samples were collected from the crawl space, the lower level, and the first floor. During the initial property screen multiple household chemicals were observed within the vicinity of where the sub-slab sample was collected. Chemicals included spray paint, latex paint, joint compound, Liquid Nails, and Roundup. Outside the garage area, a gasoline can had recently been used to fill a piece of equipment with fuel. On the lower level, a reading of 35 ppb was detected using a ppbrae VOC detector monitor, and a reading of 3.5 ppm using a FID. On the first floor, the ppbrae VOC detector monitor read 60 ppb, and the FID read 4.0 ppm. In the crawl space, the ppbrae VOC detector monitor read 20 ppb, and the FID read 3.0 ppm. In the garage, where the sub-slab sample was collected, the ppbrae VOC detector monitor read 60 ppb, and the FID read 4.0 ppm. No items or materials were removed prior to setting the canisters. No TCE was detected in any samples. Collectively, seventeen compounds, including cis 1,2-DCE (in one sample), were detected in the three indoor air samples collected at Station 18. All detected concentrations were reported below the respective Residential Indoor Air RSLs based on a cancer risk of 1E-04 and a non cancers HI of 1.0. Sixteen of the 17 compounds listed were detected in the indoor air sample collected from the first floor; 13 of the 17 compounds were detected in the indoor air sample collected from the lower level; and six of the compounds, including cis-1,2,-dce, were detected in the indoor air sample collected from the crawl space. Cis-1,2- DCE was detected at 0.2 or 1.00 µg/m 3 which is below the quantitation limit of 1.0 and J qualified. Cis-1,2-DCE was not detected in either of the living space indoor air samples collected from this station, the sub-slab sample, or in any of the three outdoor/ambient air samples; therefore, it is likely that the source of the contaminant is a background source within the crawl space. Generally, compounds reported in each of the X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

21 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S three indoor air samples were reported at the highest concentrations in the first floor sample and the lowest concentrations were observed in the crawl space sample. No site related contaminates were detected in the sub-slab sample. Five non-site related compounds were detected in the sub-slab sample collected at Station 18. All of the compounds detected in the sub-slab soil gas sample were detected below their respective RSLs for sub-slab samples based on the 1E-04 risk levels for carcinogens, and the non-cancer risk. Generally, these compounds were detected below the concentration detected in the indoor air. Table A-3 in Appendix A summarizes the analytical results for Station STATION 47 Four indoor air samples were collected from within the residential property located at Station 47. Indoor air samples were collected from the crawl space, the lower level, and the first floor. Two samples were collected on the first floor as a duplicate pair for quality control purposes. On the lower level, a reading of 15 ppb was detected using a ppbrae VOC detector monitor, and a reading of 1.5 ppm using a FID. On the first floor, the ppbrae VOC detector monitor read 40 ppb, and the FID read 2.0 ppm. In the crawl space the ppbrae VOC detector monitor read 18 ppb, and the FID read 1.0 ppm. No items or materials were removed prior to sampling. The resident indicated that they ran the washer and the dryer, which are both located in the lower level of the house, during the sample collection period. No site related contaminates were detected in the indoor air samples. Sixteen non-site related compounds were reported for the four indoor air samples collected at Station 47. Fourteen of the compounds listed were detected in both indoor air samples collected from the first floor; 13 of the 16 compounds were detected in the indoor air sample collected from the lower level; and nine of the compounds were detected in the indoor air sample collected from the crawl space. Half of the 16 compounds detected in the indoor air sample collected at Station 47 were also detected in the concurrently-collected outdoor/ambient air sample, which was collected at Station 47. For each compound detected, the reported concentration from within the crawl space generally represented the lower range of the reported concentrations. All of the indoor air X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

22 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S concentrations were detected below the respective Residential Indoor Air RSLs for non-cancer HI of 1, and the respective Residential Indoor Air RSLs for cancer risk of 1E-04. No sub-slab soil gas sample was collected at this location. Table A-4 in Appendix A summarizes the analytical results for Station STATION 51 Two sub-slab soil gas samples and two indoor air samples were collected from the residential property at Station 51. The two sub-slab soil gas samples were collected as a duplicate pair for quality control purposes. The indoor air samples were collected from the lower level and the first floor. The resident indicated that he or she smokes cigarettes in the laundry room, which is located on the lower level. The soil gas samples were intended to be collected from within the crawl space. However, this area contained paints, lubricants, latex, and an old oil tank; therefore, the soil gas samples were collected from within a closet located outside of the crawl space. None of these items were removed from the crawl space prior to sampling. On the lower level, a reading of 45 ppb was detected using a ppbrae VOC detector monitor, and a reading of 5.0 ppm using a FID. On the first floor, the ppbrae VOC detector monitor read 45 ppb, and the FID read 2.0 ppm. No site related contaminates were detected in the indoor air samples. Thirteen non-site related compounds were detected in the indoor air sample collected from the lower level, and 15 nonsite related compounds were detected in the indoor air sample collected from the first floor. Eight of the 15 compounds detected in the indoor air samples were also detected in the concurrentlycollected outdoor/ambient air sample. Twenty non-site related compounds were detected in the sub-slab soil gas sample, and 22 non-site related compounds were detected in the sub-slab soil gas duplicate sample. The number of chemicals detected in indoor air on the lower level and the first floor could also indicate that there are many sources of indoor air background contamination (e.g., cigarette smoke) and background ambient air contamination. All compounds were detected below their respective RSLs in the sub-slab and indoor air for non-cancer HI of 1, and the respective Residential Indoor Air RSLs for cancer risk of 1E-04. Table A-5 in Appendix A summarizes the analytical results for Station 51. X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

23 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S STATION 53 One sub-slab soil gas sample and two indoor air samples were collected from within the residential property located at Station 53. Indoor air samples were collected from the basement and the first floor. During the initial property screen, the field team observed a waterline, approximately 3.5 inches high along the baseboard of the area where the soil gas samples were collected. Also, 16 paint cans were removed from the sub-slab sampling area. In the basement, Bounce Fabric Softener and Oxiclean were observed in the laundry room, adjacent to where the indoor air sample was collected. Readings of 1.0 ppb were detected using a ppbrae VOC detector monitor in both the basement and on the first floor, where a perfume odor was observed. No site related contaminates were detected in the indoor air samples. Nine non-site related compounds were detected in the indoor air sample collected from the basement, and 16 non-site related compounds were detected in the indoor air sample collected from the first floor. Generally, the compounds that were detected in both indoor air samples were reported in higher concentrations in the sample collected from the first floor of the house. With the exception of 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene, all of the non-site related compounds detected in the indoor air samples were reported below their respective Residential indoor air RSLs based on a cancer risk of 1E-04 and a non-cancer HI of 1. 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene was detected in the first floor air sample at 0.4 or 2.84 micrograms per cubic meter () which was below the quantitation limit of 1.0 and J qualified. This concentration is slightly above the non-cancer HI of ,2,4-Trichlorobenzene was not detected in the basement indoor air sample, the sub-slab sample, or the outdoor air sample; therefore, it is likely that its presence is a result of background contamination originating from an indoor source. Half of the 16 compounds detected in the indoor air sample collected at Station 53 were also detected in the concurrently-collected outdoor/ambient air sample, which indicates they may be attributable to the outside/ambient air. Twenty-two non-site related compounds were detected in the sub-slab soil gas sample; however, all of the reported concentrations were reported below the RSLs for sub-slab samples based on cancer risks of 1E-04, and non-cancer risk levels. Six compounds detected in both the sub-slab soil gas sample and the indoor air samples were reported in slightly higher concentrations in the X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

24 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S soil gas sample than they were in the indoor air samples. These same compounds were also detected in the ambient air sample. Table A-6 in Appendix A summarizes the analytical results for Station STATION 54 Four indoor air samples were collected from within the residential property located at Station 54. Two indoor air samples were collected from the crawl space, and one sample each was collected from the lower level and the first floor. Screening was conducted on the same day the canisters were placed. In the crawl space the ppbrae VOC detector monitor read 60 ppb, and the FID read 5.0 ppm. On the lower level, a reading of 105 ppb was detected using a ppbrae VOC detector monitor, and a reading of 3.5 ppm using a FID. On the first floor, the ppbrae VOC detector monitor read 120 ppb, and the FID read 4.0 ppm. Just prior to placing the sample canister in the crawl space, several paint cans, a can of roof muck, and a container of unknown material was removed from the crawl space. No site related contaminants were detected in the indoor air samples. Samples collected from the crawl space contained detections of 14 and 19 non-site related compounds; 22 non-site related compounds were detected in the sample collected from the lower level, and 23 non-site related compounds were detected in the sample collected from the first floor. Higher concentrations were detected in samples collected from the lower level and the first floor than samples collected from the crawl space. With the exception of 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene, all of the non-site related compounds detected in the indoor air samples were reported below their respective Residential indoor air RSLs based on a cancer risk of 1E-04 and a non-cancer HI of 1. The 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene was detected at micrograms/cubic meter (µg/m 3 ) in the lower level air sample and 12.1 µg/m 3 in the first floor air sample. These concentrations are slightly above the non-cancer RSL of 7.30 µg/m 3. Seven of the 22 non-site related compounds detected in the indoor air samples were also detected in the concurrently-collected outdoor/ambient air sample, which was collected outdoors at the X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

25 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S same station. No sub-slab soil gas samples were collected at Station 54. Table A-7 in Appendix A summarizes the analytical results for Station STATION 67 Two sub-slab soil gas samples and three indoor air samples were collected from within the residential property located at Station 67. Two indoor air samples were collected from the basement and one was collected from the first floor. The samples collected in the basement are a duplicate pair for quality control purposes. During the property screen, the resident indicated that cigarette smoking occurs in the basement. In the basement, a reading of 15 ppb was detected using a ppbrae VOC detector monitor, and a reading of 0.2 ppm using a FID. On the lower level, the ppbrae VOC detector monitor read 116 ppb, and the FID read 1.1 ppm. On the first floor, the ppbrae VOC detector monitor read 138 ppb, and the FID read 1.2 ppm. No items or materials were removed prior to setting the canisters. No site related contaminates were detected in the indoor air samples. Fifteen non-site related compounds were detected in the indoor air sample collected from the basement; however, only five of those 15 compounds were detected in the co-located duplicate indoor air sample. All of the detected concentrations were reported below the respective RSLs for indoor air samples based on the 1E-04 risk levels for carcinogens and the non-cancer HI of 1. Seven non-site related compounds, including 1,2-DCA, were reported for the indoor air sample collected from the first floor. The concentration of 1,2-DCA was detected in the first floor at 3.0 or µg/m 3 which was below the quantitation limit of 5.0 and J qualified. 1,2-DCA was also detected in the basement indoor air at 0.7 or 2.94 µg/m 3 which was below the quantitation limit of 1.0 and J qualified. The reported value on the first floor is slightly higher than the Residential Indoor Air RSL for a cancer risk of 1E-04 and non-cancer HI of 1. This compound was not detected in any of the outdoor/ambient air samples collected, and was not detected in either of the two sub-slab samples collected at this station. The other six nonsite related compounds reported as detections for this sample were below the respective Residential RSLs for Indoor Air. The fact that 1,2-DCA was detected in indoor air but not sub- X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

26 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S slab soil gas or ambient air indicates that the 1,2 DCA is from a background contaminant source at this station. Seven of the 15 non-site related compounds detected in the indoor air samples were also detected in the concurrently-collected outdoor/ambient air samples, one of which was collected outdoors at the same station. Twelve non-site related compounds were detected in each of the sub-slab soil gas samples. All compounds reported as detections for both of the sub-slab samples were below the respective Residential RSLs. Table A-8 in Appendix A summarizes the analytical results for Station STATION 206 Three indoor air samples were collected from the residential property located at Station 206; one each from the crawl space, the lower level, and the first floor. In the crawlspace, a reading of 8 ppb was detected using a ppbrae VOC detector monitor, and a reading of 0.2 ppm using a FID. On the lower level, the ppbrae VOC detector monitor read 86 ppb, and the FID read 1.1 ppm. On the first floor, the ppbrae VOC detector monitor read 92 ppb, and the FID read 1.2 ppm. No items or materials were removed. No site related contaminates were detected in the indoor air samples. Seventeen non-site related compounds were reported for both indoor air samples collected from the crawl space and the lower level, and 20 non-site related compounds were reported for indoor air samples collected from the first floor. All of the detected concentrations were reported below the respective RSLs for indoor air samples based the 1E-04 risk levels for carcinogens and the non-cancer HI of 1. Reported concentrations for each of the three indoor air samples were highest in the sample collected from the first floor. With five exceptions, reported concentrations were higher in the sample collected from the lower level than the sample collected from the crawl space. Therefore, the sample from the crawl space generally contained the lowest concentrations. Eight of the compounds detected in the indoor air sample collected at Station 206 were also detected in the concurrently-collected outdoor/ambient air sample. No sub-slab soil gas samples X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

27 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S were collected at Station 206. Table A-9 in Appendix A summarizes the analytical results for Station STATION 207 Four indoor air samples were collected from the residential property located at Station 207; one each from the crawl space, the lower level, and the first floor. Two crawl space samples were collected individually and were not duplicate samples; one sample was collected from both the lower level and the first floor. In the crawlspace, a reading of 0.0 ppb was detected using a ppbrae VOC detector monitor, and a reading of 6 ppm using a FID. On the lower level, the ppbrae VOC detector monitor read 60 ppb, and the FID read 9.0 ppm. On the first floor, the ppbrae VOC detector monitor read 105 ppb, and the FID read 7.5 ppm. Within the kitchen area, the ppbrae VOC detector monitor read 113 ppb, and the FID read 9.0 ppm. No items or materials were removed prior to setting the canisters. No site related contaminates were detected in the indoor air samples. Ten non-site related compounds were reported for both indoor air samples collected from the crawl space; eight compounds were reported for indoor air sample collected from the lower level; and five compounds were reported for indoor air sample collected from the first floor. Of the five contaminants common to all samples, with one exception the lowest levels were detected in the crawl space sample. All of the detected concentrations were reported below the respective RSLs for indoor air samples based the 1E-04 risk levels for carcinogens and the non-cancer HI of 1. No sub-slab soil gas samples were collected at Station 207. Table A-10, Appendix A summarizes the analytical results for Station 207. X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

28 TRIP REPORT TCE Havertown Site Havertown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania TDD No. WS Contract No. EP-S REFERENCES ITRC (Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council) Vapor Intrusion Pathway: A Practical Guideline. VI-1. Washington, D.C.: Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council, Vapor Intrusion Team. MNDOH (Minnesota Department of Health) Indoor Air Sampling at Vapor Intrusion Sites: Introduction, Methods, and Interpretation of s. February WESTON (Weston Solutions, Inc.) START-4 Program-Wide Uniform Federal Policy Act Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP). October X:\EPA_RegionIII_START\TDD_Project_Folders\WS _TCE Havertown\Trip Report\TCE_Havertown_FINAL docx 8/2/

29 FIGURES

30 Legend Approximate Site Location File: \\Fsfed01\TIG\EPA_Region_III\Havertown_TCE\mxd\SiteLocation.mxd, 02-Mar-11 11:52, zieglera Data Sources: Basemap - ESRI USGS Quad Service, USGS 1994 Coordinate System: PA State Plane, NAD83, feet 0 1,500 Feet TCE Havertown Havertown, Pennsylvania TDD#: WS Contract: EP-S Figure 1 Site Location