David B. Mickunas, U.S. EPA/ERTC Work Assignment Manager SUBJECT: DOCUMENT TRANSMITTAL UNDER WORK ASSIGNMENT #0-298

Transcription

1 DATE: 25 July 2003 TO: THROUGH: FROM: David B. Mickunas, U.S. EPA/ERTC Work Assignment Manager Dennis A. Miller, REAC Program Manager Danielle McCall, REAC Task Leader SUBJECT: DOCUMENT TRANSMITTAL UNDER WORK ASSIGNMENT #0-298 Attached please find the following document prepared under this work assignment: FINAL ANALYTICAL TAGA REPORT ARMEN CLEANERS SITE ANN ARBOR, MI JULY 2003 cc: Central File - WA #0-298 (w/attachment) Dennis A. Miller, REAC Program Manager (w/o attachment) 0298-DFA /TAGA-July

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3 FINAL ANALYTICAL TAGA REPORT ARMEN CLEANERS SITE ANN ARBOR, MI JULY 2003 U.S. EPA Work Assignment No.: LOCKHEED MARTIN Work Order No.: R1A00298 U.S. EPA Contract No.: 68-C Prepared by: Lockheed Martin/REAC Prepared for: U.S. EPA/ERTC David B. Mickunas Danielle McCall Date Work Assignment Manager REAC Task Leader Dennis A. Miller REAC Program Manager Date 0298-DFA /TAGA-July

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5 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE LIST OF TABLES...v LIST OF FIGURES...vi 1.0 INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY Mass Spectrometer/Mass Spectrometer General Theory TAGA Procedure TAGA Mass Calibration TAGA Response Factor Measurements Transport Efficiency TAGA Air Monitoring Meteorological Monitoring TAGA AIR MONITORING RESULTS Unit Surveys Mobile Monitoring Stationary Monitoring Exterior Unit Sweep TAGA File Event Summaries Graphical Presentations TAGA Target Compound Summaries DISCUSSION OF RESULTS House Surveys Unit AC-007 House Survey, ARMN Unit AC-008 House Survey, ARMN Unit AC-004 House Survey, ARMN Unit AC-009 House Survey, ARMN Unit AC-006 House Survey, ARMN Unit AC-003 House Survey, ARMN Unit AC-005 House Survey, ARMN Unit AC-001 House Survey, ARMN Unit AC-013 House Survey, ARMN Unit AC-014 House Survey, ARMN Unit AC-015 House Survey, ARMN Unit AC-012 House Survey, ARMN Unit AC-002 House Survey, ARMN Unit AC-011 House Survey, ARMN Unit AC-010 House Survey, ARMN Unit AC-005 House Survey, ARMN Mobile Monitoring Mobile Monitoring around the Armen Cleaners Site, ARMN Mobile Monitoring around the Armen Cleaners Site, ARMN Stationary Monitoring Stationary Monitoring on South Ashley Street at Unit AC-004, ARMN Stationary Monitoring on South First Street at Unit AC-005, ARMN Stationary Monitoring on West Mosley Street, ARMN DFA /TAGA-July iii

6 4.4 Exterior Sweep of Armen Cleaners Site, ARMN QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL Calculations for the Summaries of the Detection and Quantitation Limit Data Calculations for the Summaries of the Target Compound Detection and Quantitation Limits Calculations for the Intermediate Response Factors Calculations for the Potential Maximum Concentration Percent Deviations for the Target Compounds for the Mobile and Stationary Monitoring Periods Calculations for the Summary of the Detection and Quantitation Limit Data for Mobile and Stationary Monitoring...14 APPENDIX A Standard Gas Cylinder Certification APPENDIX B Compiled Meteorological Data 0298-DFA /TAGA-July iv

7 TABLE LIST OF TABLES 1 Summary of Transport Efficiencies Measured on 02 June through 05 June Summary of Meteorological Conditions During Monitoring, 02 June through 05 June Response Factor Summary for 02 June through 05 June Summary of Detection and Quantitation Limit Data for 02 June through 05 June Unit Survey Detection and Quantitation Limits 6 Intermediate Response Factors and Error Bars 7 Intermediate Response Factors, Detection Limits and Quantitation Limits, Monitoring Files: ARMN008 and ARMN009, 02 June Intermediate Response Factors, Detection Limits and Quantitation Limits, Monitoring Files: ARMN021 and ARMN022, 03 June Intermediate Response Factors, Detection Limits and Quantitation Limits, Monitoring File: ARMN030, 04 June Summary of Target Compound Detection and Quantitation Limits, Measured for Exterior Sweep of Armen Cleaners 0298-DFA /TAGA-July v

8 FIGURE 1a House Survey in Unit AC-007, ARMN003 LIST OF FIGURES 1b 1c 1d 1e 2a 2b 2c 2d 2e 3a 3b 3c 3d 3e 4a 4b 4c 4d 4e 5a TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN003 Acquired on 02 June 2003 at 9:53:56, Title: House Survey in Unit AC-007 Monitoring in Unit AC-007 for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Monitoring in Unit AC-007 for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary for Unit AC-007, File: ARMN003 Acquired on 02 June 2003 at 09:53:56 House Survey in Unit AC-008, ARMN005 TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN005 Acquired on 02 June 2003 at 12:35:27, Title: Unit AC-008 Survey Monitoring in Unit AC-008 for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Monitoring in Unit AC-008 for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary for Unit AC-008, File: ARMN005 Acquired on 02 June 2003 at 12:35:27 House Survey in Unit AC-004, ARMN007 TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN007 Acquired on 02 June 2003 at 13:56:42, Title: Unit AC-004 Survey Monitoring in Unit AC-004 for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Monitoring in Unit AC-004 for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary for Unit AC-004, File: ARMN007 Acquired on 02 June 2003 at 13:56:42 House Survey in Unit AC-009, ARMN011 TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN011 Acquired on 02 June 2003 at 15:59:28, Title: Unit AC-009 Survey Monitoring in Unit AC-009 for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Monitoring in Unit AC-009 for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary for Unit AC-009, File: ARMN011 Acquired on 02 June 2003 at 15:59:28 House Survey in Unit AC-006, ARMN015 FIGURE 0298-DFA /TAGA-July LIST OF FIGURES (continued) vi

9 5b 5c 5d 5e 6a 6b 6c 6d 6e 7a 7b 7c 7d 7e 8a 8b 8c 8d 8e 9a 9b TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN015 Acquired on 03 June 2003 at 8:20:49, Title: Unit AC-006 Survey Monitoring in Unit AC-006 for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Monitoring in Unit AC-006 for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary for Unit AC-006, File: ARMN015 Acquired on 03 June 2003 at 08:20:49 House Survey in Unit AC-003, ARMN018 TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN018 Acquired on 03 June 2003 at 10:57:19, Title: Unit AC-003 Survey Monitoring in Unit AC-003 for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Monitoring in Unit AC-003 for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary for Unit AC-003, File: ARMN018 Acquired on 03 June 2003 at 10:57:19 House Survey in Unit AC-005, ARMN020 TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN020 Acquired on 03 June 2003 at 13:19:37, Title: Unit AC-005 Survey Monitoring in Unit AC-005 for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Monitoring in Unit AC-005 for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary for Unit AC-005, File: ARMN020 Acquired on 03 June 2003 at 13:19:37 House Survey in Unit AC-001, ARMN029 TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN029 Acquired on 04 June 2003 at 9:29:34, Title: Unit AC-001 Survey Monitoring in Unit AC-001 for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Monitoring in Unit AC-001 for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary for Unit AC-001, File: ARMN029 Acquired on 04 June 2003 at 09:29:34 House Survey in Unit AC-013, ARMN032 TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN032 Acquired on 04 June 2003 at 13:11:01, Title: Unit AC-013 Survey 9c Monitoring in Unit AC-013 for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene LIST OF FIGURES (continued) FIGURE 0298-DFA /TAGA-July vii

10 9d 9e 10a 10b 10c 10d 10e 11a 11b 11c 11d 11e 12a 12b 12c 12d 12e 13a 13b 13c 13d Monitoring in Unit AC-013 for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary for Unit AC-013, File: ARMN032 Acquired on 04 June 2003 at 13:11:01 House Survey in Unit AC-014, ARMN034 TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN034 Acquired on 04 June 2003 at 15:49:49, Title: Unit AC-014 Survey Monitoring in Unit AC-014 for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Monitoring in Unit AC-014 for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary for Unit AC-014, File: ARMN034 Acquired on 04 June 2003 at 15:49:49 House Survey in Unit AC-015, ARMN036 TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN036 Acquired on 04 June 2003 at 17:08:25, Title: Unit AC-015 Survey Monitoring in Unit AC-015 for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Monitoring in Unit AC-015 for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary for Unit AC-015, File: ARMN036 Acquired on 04 June 2003 at 17:08:25 House Survey in Unit AC-012, ARMN040 TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN040 Acquired on 05 June 2003 at 9:32:05, Title: Unit AC-012 Survey Monitoring in Unit AC-012 for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Monitoring in Unit AC-012 for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary for Unit AC-012, File: ARMN040 Acquired on 05 June 2003 at 09:32:05 House Survey in Unit AC-002, ARMN042 TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN042 Acquired on 05 June 2003 at 11:45:44, Title: Unit AC-002 Survey Monitoring in Unit AC-002 for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Monitoring in Unit AC-002 for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene 0298-DFA /TAGA-July viii

11 FIGURE LIST OF FIGURES (continued) 13e 14a 14b 14c 14d 14e 15a 15b 15c 15d 15e 16a 16b 16c 16d 16e 17a 17b 17c 17d 18a TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary for Unit AC-002, File: ARMN042 Acquired on 05 June 2003 at 11:45:44 House Survey in Unit AC-011, ARMN044 TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN044 Acquired on 05 June 2003 at 14:02:34, Title: Unit AC-011 Survey Monitoring in Unit AC-011 for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Monitoring in Unit AC-011 for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary for Unit AC-011, File: ARMN044 Acquired on 05 June 2003 at 14:02:34 House Survey in Unit AC-010, ARMN046 TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN046 Acquired on 05 June 2003 at 15:12:49, Title: Unit AC-010 Survey Monitoring in Unit AC-010 for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Monitoring in Unit AC-010 for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary for Unit AC-010, File: ARMN046 Acquired on 05 June 2003 at 15:12:49 House Survey in Unit AC-005, ARMN048 TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN048 Acquired on 05 June 2003 at 16:49:44, Title: Unit AC-005 Survey Monitoring in Unit AC-005 for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Monitoring in Unit AC-005 for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary for Unit AC-005, File: ARMN048 Acquired on 05 June 2003 at 16:49:44 Mobile Monitoring Path One, ARMN009 TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN009 Acquired on 02 June 2003 at 15:02:38, Title: Mobile Monitoring Survey around Armen Cleaners Mobile Monitoring Survey around Armen Cleaners for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Mobile Monitoring Survey around Armen Cleaners for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene Mobile Monitoring Path Two, ARMN022 FIGURE 0298-DFA /TAGA-July LIST OF FIGURES (continued) ix

12 18b 18c 18d 19a 19b 19c 19d 19e 20a 20b 20c 20d 20e 21a 21b 21c 21d TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN022 Acquired on 03 June 2003 at 14:31:59, Title: Mobile Monitoring around Armen Cleaners Mobile Monitoring around Armen Cleaners for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Mobile Monitoring around Armen Cleaners for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene Stationary Monitoring at Unit AC-004 TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN008 Acquired on 02 June 2003 at 14:39:11, Title: Stationary Monitoring at Unit AC-004 Stationary Monitoring at Unit AC-004 for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Stationary Monitoring at Unit AC-004 for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary at Unit AC-004, File: ARMN008 Acquired on 02 June 2003 at 14:39:11 Stationary Monitoring at Unit AC-005 TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN021 Acquired on 03 June 2003 at 14:13:51, Title: Stationary Monitoring at Unit AC-005 Stationary Monitoring at Unit AC-005 for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Stationary Monitoring at Unit AC-005 for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary at Unit AC-005, File: ARMN021 Acquired on 03 June 2003 at 14:13:51 Stationary Monitoring on West Mosley Street TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN030 Acquired on 04 June 2003 at 10:36:04, Title: Stationary Monitoring on West Mosley Street Stationary monitoring on West Mosley Street for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Stationary monitoring on West Mosley Street for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene 21e TAGA Target Compound Survey Summary for West Mosley Street, File: ARMN030 Acquired on 04 June 2003 at 10:36:04 22a 22b 22c 22d 22e Side View of Armen Cleaners Top View of Armen Cleaners TAGA File Event Summary, File: ARMN026 Acquired on 03 June 2003 at 16:03:49, Title: Exterior Sweep of Armen Cleaners Exterior Sweep of Armen Cleaners for Vinyl Chloride and Dichloroethene Exterior Sweep of Armen Cleaners for Trichloroethene and Tetrachloroethene 0298-DFA /TAGA-July x

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14 1.0 INTRODUCTION The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA)/Environmental Response Team Center (ERTC) issued Work Assignment (WA) Number 0-298, Armen Cleaners Site, to Lockheed Martin under the Response Engineering and Analytical Contract (REAC). An element of this WA was to conduct target compound monitoring using the ECA Trace Atmospheric Gas Analyzer (TAGA) IIe, at the direction of U.S. EPA personnel, in Ann Arbor, MI to assist U.S. EPA Region V in its investigation of residential indoor air quality. The TAGA air monitoring events were conducted on 02 June through 05 June 2003 and were screening in nature. Indoor and outdoor air monitoring for tetrachloroethene (PCE), trichloroethene (TCE), dichloroethene (DCE) and vinyl chloride (VC) was performed in accordance with the REAC Draft Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) # 1711, Draft Trace Atmospheric Gas Analyzer (TAGA) IIe SOP. Monitoring for the target compounds was performed using a selected ion technique. These compounds were selected based on information provided by the U.S. EPA, Region V and ERTC. 2.0 METHODOLOGY 2.1 Mass Spectrometer/Mass Spectrometer General Theory The ECA TAGA IIe is based upon the Perkin-Elmer API 365 mass spectrometer/mass spectrometer (MS/MS) and is a direct air monitoring instrument capable of detecting, in real time, trace levels of many organic compounds in ambient air. The technique of triple quadrupole MS/MS is used to differentiate and quantitate compounds. The initial step in the MS/MS process involves simultaneous chemical ionization of the compounds present in a sample of ambient air. The ionization produces both positive and negative ions by donating or removing one or more electrons. The chemical ionization is a "soft" ionization technique, which allows ions to be formed with little or no structural fragmentation. These ions are called parent ions. The parent ions with different mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios are separated by the first quadrupole (the first MS of the MS/MS system). The quadrupole scans selected m/z ratios allowing only the parent ions with these ratios to pass through the quadrupole. Parent ions with m/z ratios different than those selected are discriminated electronically and fail to pass through the quadrupole. The parent ions selected in the first quadrupole are accelerated through a collision cell containing uncharged nitrogen molecules in the second quadrupole. A portion of the parent ions entering the second quadrupole fragment as they collide with the nitrogen molecules. These fragment ions are called daughter ions. This process, in the second quadrupole, is called collision induced dissociation (CID). The daughter ions are separated according to their m/z ratios by the third quadrupole (the second MS of the MS/MS system). The quadrupole scans selected m/z ratios, allowing only the daughter ions with these ratios to pass through the quadrupole. Daughter ions with m/z ratios different than those selected are discriminated electronically and fail to pass through the quadrupole. Daughter ions with the selected m/z ratios are then counted by an electron multiplier. The resulting signals are measured in ion counts per second (icps) for each parent/daughter ion pair selected. The intensity of the icps for each parent/daughter ion pair is directly proportional to the ambient air concentration of the organic compound that produced the ion pair. All of the ions discussed in this report have a single charge. The m/z ratios of all of the ions discussed are equal to the ion masses in atomic mass units (amu). Therefore, the terms parent and daughter masses are synonymous with parent and daughter ion m/z ratios DFA /TAGA-July 1

15 2.2 TAGA Procedure TAGA Mass Calibration At the beginning of the sampling day, a gas mixture containing benzene, xylenes, PCE, TCE, DCE and VC was introduced by a mass flow controller (MFC) into the sample air flow (SAF), and the tuning parameters for the first quadrupole at 30,78,106,130 and 166 amu, and the third quadrupole at 30, 78, 105,129 and 166 amu were optimized for sensitivity and mass assignment. The peak widths were limited between 0.55 amu and 0.85 amu. The mass assignments were set to the correct values within 0.15 amu TAGA Response Factor Measurements The calibration system consisted of a regulated gas cylinder with a mass flow controller. The mass flow controller was checked with a National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) traceable flow rate meter. The calibration system was used to generate the analytes' response factors (RFs), in units of ion counts per second per part per billion by volume (icps/ppbv), which were then used to quantify trace components in ambient air. The TAGA was calibrated for the target compounds at the beginning of the monitoring day and before entry into the unit. The gas cylinder standard, which contained a known mixture of target compounds, certified by the supplier, was regulated at preset flow rates and diluted with ambient air. The dilution of the gas cylinder standard gave known analyte concentrations. The calibrations consisted of a zero point and five known concentrations obtained by setting the mass flow controller to 0, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 90 milliliters per minute (ml/min) with the sample air flow at 1,500 milliliters per second (ml/sec). The approximate concentration range of standards introduced into the TAGA was between 1 ppbv and 25 ppbv. The RFs were then determined by using a least-square-fit algorithm to calculate the slope of the curves. The coefficient of variation was checked for each ion pair's RF to ensure that it was greater than The software utilized the analytes' cylinder concentrations, gas flow rates, air sampling flow rates, and atmospheric pressure to calculate the RFs. The RFs were obtained for the ion pairs of each compound of interest in the cylinder. The cylinder calibration was used for PCE, TCE, DCE and VC. The certification of the gas standard is in Appendix A. A 200-foot length of corrugated Teflon 7 sampling hose was attached prior to each calibration, and was used to perform the transport efficiency determinations and unit surveys Transport Efficiency The transport efficiency and residence time for the target compounds through the 200-foot length of corrugated Teflon 7 sampling hose was determined prior to and at the conclusion of indoor air monitoring activities each day. A transport efficiency of 85 percent is considered acceptable. The transport efficiency was determined by introducing a known concentration of the target compounds into the proximal end and then into the distal end of the sampling hose. The concentrations were recorded for both and the percent (%) transport efficiency calculated using the equation below: % transport efficiency = ppbv for the distal ppbv for the end of the hose proximal end of hose x DFA /TAGA-July 2

16 The transport efficiency results are summarized in Table 1. The residence time is the interval, in seconds, it takes for an air sample to travel the length of the sampling hose. The residence time was determined by introducing a gas standard at the distal end of the sampling hose and recording the time difference between the standard introduction and the response of the TAGA TAGA Air Monitoring The TAGA performed indoor air monitoring using a 200-foot length of corrugated Teflon 7 sampling hose. The TAGA performed stationary and mobile ambient air monitoring using a six-foot length of corrugated Teflon 7 sampling hose connected to a glass transfer tube passing through the wall of the TAGA bus. Air was continuously drawn through the Teflon 7 hose at a flow-rate of approximately 1,500 ml/sec. The air then passed through a glass splitter where the pressure gradient between the mass spectrometer core and the atmosphere caused a sample flow of approximately 10 ml/min into the ionization source through a heated transfer line. The flow into the TAGA source was controlled so that the ionization source pressure was maintained at an optimum value of approximately 2.6 torr. The remaining air flow was drawn through the air pump and vented from the TAGA. The TAGA performed air monitoring in the parent/daughter ion monitoring mode. As the air monitoring proceeded, the operator pressed the letter keys (flags) sequentially to denote events or locations during the monitoring. This information was also recorded on the operator's log sheet. The intensity of each parent ion/daughter ion monitored by the TAGA, in turn, is recorded by the computer in a file on the hard disk. One set of measurements of all of the ions is called a sequence. At the beginning of each unit survey or investigation file, a one-minute pre-entry ambient data segment was collected. The sampler then entered the unit at the operator's signal while holding the distal end of the hose at breathing height. The sampler proceeded to each room in the unit where a one-minute data segment was collected. After the rooms in the unit were sampled, each unit survey or investigation was concluded by collecting a 1-minute post-entry ambient data segment. At the end of the survey or investigation file the calibration system was used to introduce a flow of calibration standard gas sufficient to produce a concentration of approximately 2 ppbv of PCE, TCE, DCE and VC. 2.3 Meteorological Monitoring Meteorological data were provided by the National Weather Service for 02 June through 05 June Data were collected at the Ann Arbor Municipal Airport. The airport was located approximately four miles south of the Armen Cleaners Site, and wind speed and direction were measured once each hour for a two-minute time period. Additional measurements were recorded when significant changes in wind speed or direction occurred. Because of the distance of the meteorological monitoring location from the study location and the short averaging period, care should be exercised in relating the wind speed and direction with the conditions existing near the Armen Cleaners Site. The wind speed and direction data from the airport most closely associated in time with each TAGA monitoring period are summarized in Table 2. The compiled meteorological data are presented in Appendix B. 3.0 TAGA AIR MONITORING RESULTS The TAGA was used to survey indoor air in housing units in the vicinity of Armen Cleaners, to monitor outdoor air at stationary locations, to conduct mobile monitoring around Armen Cleaners, and to investigate specified potential emission points from the Armen Cleaners building DFA /TAGA-July 3

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18 3.1 Unit Surveys Figures 1a through 16a present the floor plans of the units and the sampling locations in the units. An approximate representation of the floor plans and sample locations marked by letters are depicted in these figures. These letters are the "flags" that the TAGA operator placed into the file while it was being acquired. These "flags" mark events and they are carried through the rest of the data presentation. 3.2 Mobile Monitoring Figures 17a and 18a present the monitoring paths used by the TAGA bus as it traveled around the Armen Cleaners site. The maps representing the monitoring paths are marked by letters. These letters are the "flags" that the TAGA operator placed into the file while it was being acquired. These "flags" mark events and they are carried through the rest of the data presentation. 3.3 Stationary Monitoring Figures 19a through 21a present maps of the study site, with markers indicating the location of the TAGA bus while it was conducting stationary ambient air monitoring. 3.4 Exterior Unit Sweep Figures 22a and 22b present schematic drawings of the monitoring locations on the exterior of the Armen Cleaners building. An approximate representation of the exterior sample locations marked by letters are depicted in these figures. These letters are the "flags" that the TAGA operator placed into the file while it was being acquired. These "flags" mark events and they are carried through the rest of the data presentation. 3.5 TAGA File Event Summaries Figures 1b through 21b and 22c present the TAGA file event summaries. The TAGA file event summaries are the observations made during the acquisition of the file by the TAGA operator, along with the times from the TAGA file and the letter "flags" used to mark the data as they were being recorded by the TAGA computer. 3.6 Graphical Presentations Figures 1c and 1d through 21c and 21d and 22d and 22e, are the graphical representations of the TAGA files. A graph of each target compound concentration is presented with ppbv plotted on the vertical axis, and time into the run, in minutes, on the horizontal axis. The target compound concentration was calculated by averaging the concentrations obtained from the ion pairs that were monitored for each target compound. In some rooms of some of the units, there was a positive interference with the 64/27 vinyl chloride ion pair. When that occurred, only the 62/27 vinyl chloride ion pair was used for the graphic representation for the unit, and the detection limit and quantitation limit presented were for the 62/27 ion pair. There are two horizontal lines on each graph. The lower horizontal line running through each graph is set at the detection limit for the compound. The detection limit is three times the standard deviation of the target compound concentration measured in an ambient background sample. The higher horizontal line is set at the concentration equal to the quantitation limit for the target compound. The quantitation limit is ten times the standard deviation of the target compound concentration measured in an ambient background sample. When high concentrations are represented, the lower detection limit line may not be readily discerned. Transient, momentary spikes above the quantitation limit line are occasionally observed. These spikes are electronic in nature and do not effect average concentrations and may be distinguished from elevated concentrations because these transient spikes are only present for one sequence DFA /TAGA-July 5

19 3.7 TAGA Target Compound Summaries Figures 1e through 16e and 19e through 21e present the TAGA target compound summaries. These figures contain the concentrations of the target compounds, averaged over specified time periods, at the various locations logged into the TAGA file event summaries. 4.0 DISCUSSION OF RESULTS 4.1 House Surveys The TAGA target compound survey summaries for the house surveys are represented in Figures 1e through 16e. During a survey, a one-minute average was measured in each room or at various locations within a room. In some rooms of some of the units, there was a positive interference with the 64/27 vinyl chloride ion pair. When that occurred, only the 62/27 vinyl chloride ion pair was used for the graphic representation for the unit, and the detection limit and quantitation limit presented were for the 62/27 ion pair. The TAGA is unable to distinguish between 1,2-dichloroethane and vinyl chloride, so that any instantaneous concentration maxima attributed to vinyl chloride could be caused by 1,2-dichloroethane, vinyl chloride, or both compounds. Only the highest average room results above the QL are listed below Unit AC-007 House Survey, ARMN003 - the unit was surveyed on 2 June 2003 at 9:53:56 and is represented in Figures 1a through 1e. The wind speed at the airport at 9:53 was 8 miles per hour (mph) from 340 degrees. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The average concentrations of tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not above their quantitation limits at any of the monitoring locations. There was some selective positive interference with the 64/27 vinyl chloride ion pair when monitoring inside the unit, so the graphic representation for vinyl chloride includes only the 62/27 vinyl chloride ion pair Unit AC-008 House Survey, ARMN005 - the unit was surveyed on 2 June 2003 at 12:35:27 and is represented in Figures 2a through 2e. The wind speed at the airport at 12:53 was 6 mph from 260 degrees. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The average concentrations of tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not above their detection limits at any of the monitoring locations. There was some selective positive interference with the 64/27 vinyl chloride ion pair when monitoring inside the unit, so the graphic representation for vinyl chloride includes only the 62/27 vinyl chloride ion pair Unit AC-004 House Survey, ARMN007 - the unit was surveyed on 2 June 2003 at 13:56:42 and is represented in Figures 3a through 3e. The wind speed at the airport at 13:53 was 3 mph and the direction was variable. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The average concentrations of tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not above their detection limits at any of the monitoring locations inside the unit. The instantaneous concentrations of tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene exceeded their quantitation limits multiple times at the outside ambient location after completing the post-exit ambient but before starting the 10 ml/minute spike. The highest instantaneous concentrations were: tetrachloroethene, 16 ppbv at minutes, between flags N and O, and trichloroethene, 0.25 ppbv at minutes, between flags N and O. There was some selective positive interference with the 64/27 vinyl chloride ion pair when monitoring inside the unit, so the graphic representation for vinyl chloride includes only the 62/27 vinyl chloride ion pair DFA /TAGA-July 6

20 4.1.4 Unit AC-009 House Survey, ARMN011 - the unit was surveyed on 2 June 2003 at 15:59:28 and is represented in Figures 4a through 4e. The wind speed at the airport at 15:53 was 5 mph and the direction was variable. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The average concentrations of tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not above their detection limits at any of the monitoring locations Unit AC-006 House Survey, ARMN015 - the unit was surveyed on 3 June 2003 at 8:20:49 and is represented in Figures 5a through 5e. The wind speed at the airport at 8:53 was 7 mph from 40 degrees. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The average concentrations of tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not above their detection limits at any of the monitoring locations Unit AC-003 House Survey, ARMN018 - the unit was surveyed on 3 June 2003 at 10:57:19 and is represented in Figures 6a through 6e. The wind speed at the airport at 10:53 was 8 mph from 70 degrees. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The average concentrations of tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not above their detection limits at any of the monitoring locations. There was some selective positive interference with the 64/27 vinyl chloride ion pair when monitoring inside the unit, so the graphic representation for vinyl chloride includes only the 62/27 vinyl chloride ion pair Unit AC-005 House Survey, ARMN020 - the unit was surveyed on 3 June 2003 at 13:19:37 and is represented in Figures 7a through 7e. The wind speed at the airport at 13:53 was 12 mph from 60 degrees. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The unit is located adjacent to Armen Cleaners, and was approximately downwind of Armen Cleaners during this time period. Unit AC-005 consists of two separate apartments. The front door of apartment one faces to the west, away from Armen Cleaners. The unit=s basement is entered through apartment one immediately adjacent to the front door of the apartment. The front door of apartment two faces to the east, toward Armen Cleaners, separated from the building by a small parking lot. The ambient monitoring location was placed cross wind to the north of the unit to avoid being downwind of the cleaners. After completion of pre-entry ambient monitoring, the monitoring hose inlet was moved south to the front door of apartment one. The instantaneous concentrations of tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene rose as the door was approached, and reached instantaneous concentrations of 29 ppbv for tetrachloroethene, and 0.74 ppbv for trichloroethene, both at minutes into the monitoring period, at the front door. The highest average concentration of tetrachloroethene on the first floor of apartment one was 11 ppbv in the bedroom, between flags J and K. Trichloroethene was not found above the quantitation limit on the first floor of apartment one. As the hose inlet passed the open front door on the way to the basement, the instantaneous concentrations reached 56 ppbv at minutes for tetrachloroethene and 0.39 ppbv at minutes for trichloroethene. The highest average concentrations in the basement were: tetrachloroethene, 26 ppbv in Store Room One, between flags N and O, and in Store Room Two, between flags P and Q, and trichloroethene, 0.45 ppbv in Store Room Two between flags P and Q. After exiting apartment one, the hose inlet was moved to the front door of apartment two. At that location, the instantaneous concentrations reached 79 ppbv at minutes for tetrachloroethene and 1.7 ppbv at minutes for trichloroethene. The highest average concentrations on the first floor of apartment two were: tetrachloroethene, 29 ppbv, and trichloroethene, 0.43 ppbv, both in Living Room Two, between flags V and W. Dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not found above their detection limits in Unit AC-005. There was some selective positive interference with the 64/27 vinyl chloride ion pair when monitoring inside the unit, so the graphic 0298-DFA /TAGA-July 7

21 representation for vinyl chloride includes only the 62/27 vinyl chloride ion pair Unit AC-001 House Survey, ARMN029 - the unit was surveyed on 4 June 2003 at 9:29:34 and is represented in Figures 8a through 8e. The wind speed at the airport at 9:53 was 7 mph from 10 degrees. The precipitation during the preceding hour was 0.09 inches. The average concentrations of tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not above their detection limits at any of the monitoring locations. There was some selective positive interference with the 64/27 vinyl chloride ion pair when monitoring inside the unit, so the graphic representation for vinyl chloride includes only the 62/27 vinyl chloride ion pair Unit AC-013 House Survey, ARMN032 - the unit was surveyed on 4 June 2003 at 13:11:01 and is represented in Figures 9a through 9e. The wind speed at the airport at 12:53 was 6 mph from 20 degrees. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The average concentrations of tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not above their detection limits at any of the monitoring locations. The apparent instantaneous maximum for dichloroethene at minutes was due to electronic noise. There was some selective positive interference with the 64/27 vinyl chloride ion pair when monitoring inside the unit, so the graphic representation for vinyl chloride includes only the 62/27 vinyl chloride ion pair Unit AC-014 House Survey, ARMN034 - the unit was surveyed on 4 June 2003 at 15:49:49 and is represented in Figures 10a through 10e. The wind speed at the airport at 15:53 was 6 mph from 330 degrees. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The average concentrations of tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not above their detection limits at any of the monitoring locations. There was some selective positive interference with the 64/27 vinyl chloride ion pair when monitoring inside the unit, so the graphic representation for vinyl chloride includes only the 62/27 vinyl chloride ion pair Unit AC-015 House Survey, ARMN036 - the unit was surveyed on 4 June 2003 at 17:08:25 and is represented in Figures 11a through 11e. The wind speed at the airport at 17:24 was 5 mph from 280 degrees. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The average concentrations of tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not above their detection limits at any of the monitoring locations. There was some selective positive interference with the 64/27 vinyl chloride ion pair when monitoring inside the unit, so the graphic representation for vinyl chloride includes only the 62/27 vinyl chloride ion pair Unit AC-012 House Survey, ARMN040 - the unit was surveyed on 5 June 2003 at 9:32:05 and is represented in Figures 12a through 12e. The wind speed at the airport at 9:53 was 8 mph from 310 degrees. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The average concentrations of tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not above their detection limits at any of the monitoring locations. There was some selective positive interference with the 64/27 vinyl chloride ion pair when monitoring inside the unit, so the graphic representation for vinyl chloride includes only the 62/27 vinyl chloride ion pair Unit AC-002 House Survey, ARMN042 - the unit was surveyed on 5 June 2003 at 11:45:44 and is represented in Figures 13a through 13e. The wind speed at the airport at 11:53 was 12 mph from 310 degrees. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The average concentrations of trichloroethene, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not above their detection limits at any of the monitoring locations. The highest average concentration of tetrachloroethene was 3.7 ppbv in Basement Room One, Basement Room Three, and in Hole One through the concrete 0298-DFA /TAGA-July 8

22 slab Unit AC-011 House Survey, ARMN044 - the unit was surveyed on 5 June 2003 at 14:02:34 and is represented in Figures 14a through 14e. The wind speed at the airport at 13:53 was 13 mph from 320 degrees. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The average concentrations of trichloroethene, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not above their detection limits at any of the monitoring locations. The average concentration of tetrachloroethene did not exceed the quantitation limit at any of the monitoring locations Unit AC-010 House Survey, ARMN046 - the unit was surveyed on 5 June 2003 at 15:12:49 and is represented in Figures 15a through 15e. The wind speed at the airport at 14:53 was 13 mph from 340 degrees. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The average concentrations of tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not above their detection limits at any of the monitoring locations. There was some selective positive interference with the 64/27 vinyl chloride ion pair when monitoring inside the unit, so the graphic representation for vinyl chloride includes only the 62/27 vinyl chloride ion pair Unit AC-005 House Survey, ARMN048 - the unit was surveyed on 5 June 2003 at 16:49:44 and is represented in Figures 16a through 16e. The wind speed at the airport at 16:53 was 12 mph from 340 degrees. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The average concentrations of dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not above their detection limits at any of the monitoring locations. The average concentration of trichloroethene did not exceed the quantitation limit at any of the monitoring locations. The average concentration of tetrachloroethene was highest at 5.4 ppbv in Living Room Two, Bathroom Two and Kitchen Two. There was some selective positive interference with the 64/27 vinyl chloride ion pair when monitoring inside the unit, so the graphic representation for vinyl chloride includes only the 62/27 vinyl chloride ion pair. 4.2 Mobile Monitoring During each mobile monitoring period, The TAGA bus monitored continuously while moving along the roads in the vicinity of the Armen Cleaners Site Mobile Monitoring around the Armen Cleaners Site, ARMN009 - Mobile monitoring was performed on 02 June 2003 at 15:02:38 and is represented in Figures 17a, 17b, 17c and 17d, starting at location A and ending at location CC along the path depicted in Figure 17a. The wind speed at the airport at 14:53 was 8 mph from 230 degrees. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The following instantaneous maximum was highest: tetrachloroethene at 5.0 ppbv at minutes, on South First Street, between flags V and W. The apparent instantaneous maximum for vinyl chloride at minutes was due to interference. Trichloroethene, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not found above their quantitation limits Mobile Monitoring around the Armen Cleaners Site, ARMN022 - Mobile monitoring was performed on 03 June 2003 at 14:31:59 and is represented in Figures 18a, 18b, 18c and 18d, starting at location A and ending at location O along the path depicted in Figure 18a. The wind speed at the airport at 14:53 was 10 mph from 50 degrees. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The following instantaneous maximum was highest: tetrachloroethene at 26 ppbv at minutes, at the intersection of South First Street and West Mosley Street, at flag B. The apparent instantaneous maximum for trichloroethene at minutes was due to electronic interference. Trichloroethene, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not found above their quantitation limits DFA /TAGA-July 9

23 0298-DFA /TAGA-July 10

24 4.3 Stationary Monitoring During each mobile monitoring period, The TAGA bus monitored continuously while stationary in the vicinity of the Armen Cleaners Site. The highest instantaneous concentration above the quantitation limit for each target compound is presented. Average concentrations of target compounds were reported for the monitoring period if they exceeded the detection limits for the compounds Stationary Monitoring on South Ashley Street at Unit AC-004, ARMN008 - Monitoring was performed on 02 June 2003at 14:39:11 at Location A in Figure 19a and is represented in Figures 19a, 19b, 19c and 19d. The wind speed at the airport at 14:53 was 8 mph from 230 degrees. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The following instantaneous maximum was highest: tetrachloroethene at 14 ppbv at minutes. The apparent instantaneous maxima for trichloroethene at minutes and minutes were due to electronic interference. Trichloroethene, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not found above their quantitation limits. The average concentration for tetrachloroethene was 2.3 ppbv for the monitoring period Stationary Monitoring on South First Street at Unit AC-005, ARMN021 - Monitoring was performed on 03 June 2003at 14:13:51 at Location A in Figure 20a and is represented in Figures 20a, 20b, 20c and 20d. The wind speed at the airport at 13:53 was 12 mph from 60 degrees. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The following instantaneous maxima were highest: tetrachloroethene, 60 ppbv at minutes, trichloroethene, 1.2 ppbv at minutes. Dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not found above their quantitation limits. The average concentration for tetrachloroethene was 4.5 ppbv for the monitoring period. The average concentration for trichloroethene was below its detection limit for this monitoring period Stationary Monitoring on West Mosley Street, ARMN030 - Monitoring was performed on 04 June 2003at 10:36:04 at Location A in Figure 21a and is represented in Figures 21a, 21b, 21c and 21d. The wind speed at the airport at 10:53 was 7 mph from 20 degrees. The precipitation during the preceding hour was 0.02 inches. Tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, dichloroethene and vinyl chloride were not found above their quantitation limits. 4.4 Exterior Sweep of Armen Cleaners Site, ARMN026 - An exterior sweep of the Armen Cleaners Site was conducted on 03 June 2003 at 16:03:49 and is represented in Figures 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d and 22e, pausing the inlet of the hose near specified windows and vents as indicated in Figures 22a and 22b. The wind speed at the airport at 15:53 was 10 mph from 40 degrees. There was no precipitation during the preceding hour. The following instantaneous maxima were highest: tetrachloroethene, 50,000 ppbv from minutes to minutes, trichloroethene, 120 ppbv at minutes, dichloroethene, 88 ppbv at minutes all at flag T at vent eleven on the roof. Vinyl chloride was not detected above its detection limit at any of the locations DFA /TAGA-July 11

25 5.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL The compound parent/daughter ion pairs used are listed below. Compound Parent Ion Mass Daughter Ion Mass Vinyl Chloride Vinyl Chloride Dichloroethene Dichloroethene Trichloroethene Trichloroethene Tetrachloroethene Tetrachloroethene The summaries of the RFs, Table 3, document the RFs generated during the calibration procedure for the individual ion pairs used to quantitate the ion pair concentrations. A calibration was performed immediately prior to performing each unit survey. The summaries of detection and quantitation limit data for the calibrations associated with each of the monitoring periods (Section 5.1 and Table 4) document the ppbv concentration required for a compound's ion pair to be considered detectable and quantifiable during the specified monitoring period. The detection limit is defined as three times the standard deviation of the concentration for a compound's ion pair measured in an ambient air sample. The quantitation limit is defined as 10 times the standard deviation of the concentration for the same conditions. Both the detection and quantitation limits are determined using an ambient air sample and the response factors. The summaries of the target compound detection and quantitation limits measured during the house surveys (Section 5.2 and Table 5) document the concentration, in ppbv, required for the compound to be considered detectable and quantifiable. The detection and quantitation limits for a compound result from averaging the detection and quantitation limits of the compound's ion pairs. Mobile and stationary monitoring were also performed between some unit surveys, and intermediate response factors and error bars (Section 5.3, 5.4 and 5.5 and Table 6) were calculated based on the unit calibrations before and after the mobile and/or stationary monitoring periods. The summaries of detection and quantitation limit data for the calibrations associated with each of the stationary and mobile monitoring periods (Section 5.4 and Tables 7, 8 and 9) document the ppbv concentration required for a compound's ion pair to be considered detectable and quantifiable during the specified sampling period. A sweep was conducted of the outside of the Armen Cleaners building, and the summary of the target compound detection and quantitation limits measured during the outside sweep (Section 5.2 and Table 10) document the concentration, in ppbv, required for the compound to be considered detectable and quantifiable. 5.1 Calculations for the Summaries of the Detection and Quantitation Limit Data The detection limits (DLs) and quantitation limits (QLs) were calculated using the standard deviation (SD) of the compound's ion pair intensity measured in an ambient air sample and its RF, described earlier in this section. The standard deviation reflects the variability of the instrument response to the ambient air sample DFA /TAGA-July 12

26 The following equation was used to calculate the 3 x SD detection limits found in Table 4: DL = RF where: DL = SD = RF = Detection limit for an ion pair (ppbv) Standard deviation of the ion intensity measured in an ambient air sample (icps) Response factor for an ion pair (icps/ppbv) For example, the entry for the 164/129 ion pair of tetrachloroethene from Table 4, ARMN001, 02 June 2003 is: SD = icps DL = 3 x = ppbv RF = icps/ppbv That number, , is the detection limit reported for the 164/129 ion pair of tetrachloroethene in Table 4. The following equation was used to calculate the quantitation limits found in Table 4: QL = 10 x SD RF where: QL = SD = RF = Quantitation limit concentration for an ion pair (ppbv) Standard deviation of the ion intensity measured in an ambient air sample (icps) Response factor for an ion pair (icps/ppbv) For example, the entry for the 164/129 ion pair of tetrachloroethene from Table 4, ARMN001, 02 June 2003 is: SD = icps QL = 10 x = ppbv RF = icps/ppbv 5.2 Calculations for the Summaries of the Target Compound Detection and Quantitation Limits The DLs and QLs for the target compound found in Tables 4 were generated by averaging the respective DLs and QLs of the target compound's ion pairs found in Table DFA /TAGA-July 13