AP Chemistry Summer Work

Transcription

1 AP Chemistry Summer Work Dr. Pamela Jungman Azle High School

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. AP Chemistry Summer Work Instructions 2. Introductory Letter to Students and Parents 3. Student Information Sheet 4. Notes: Unit 1 Analytical Chemistry 5. Worksheet: Mole Fraction 6. Worksheet: Concentration of Ions in Solution 7. Worksheet: The Preparation of Solutions by Dilution 8. Worksheet: Limiting Reagents Revisited 9. Worksheet: Solution Stoichiometry 10. Worksheet: Gravimetric Analysis 11. Worksheet: Chemical Nomenclature 12. Common Form: General Information for All Pre-AP and AP Students

3 AP CHEMISTRY SUMMER WORK INSTRUCTIONS Dr. Pamela Jungman Be sure to sign up for Remind as soon as you get this packet. There may be important information that you need to have during the summer and this is the best way I have of getting this information to you. To sign up, send the text to This is the new AP Chemistry class for Your old Remind class will no longer be active at the end of this year. The notes and assignments in this packet are designed to give students a head start on the year by covering the information necessary for our first unit, Gravimetric Analysis. Completion of this material will allow us to begin the year by participating in laboratory activities to apply and reinforce the concepts introduced in this unit. It will be necessary to watch a series of videos (found on my website) in order to complete the notes. FILL IN THE NOTES COMPLETELY!! If you do not have internet access at home, you have the following options: 1. Use the computers at the Azle Public Library 2. Watch the videos at school before the end of this school year (If you do not have access to an ipad or phone at this point, you may make arrangements with me to view the videos in my room before or after school, or at lunch) Please turn in the material in the packet beginning with Item #12 from the table of contents the Common Form. This is required by the high school for identification. The next item in the packet should be Item #3 from the table of contents the Student Information Sheet, along with the remainder of the packet. Be sure that these remaining papers are IN THE ORDER SHOWN ON THE SYLLABUS. (5 points) DO NOT turn in any of the previous material (#1-2), or points will be deducted from your grade! (5 points) Be sure that your name is on EVERY PAGE. (5 points) Please me if you have any questions! The attached work is due back to Azle High School by: June 23 rd 10:00 12:00 & 1:00 3:00 Work will not be accepted after the dates listed above. If you are out of town on the above listed dates all assignments must be submitted to the AHS counseling office prior to June 23 rd. Summer counseling office hours are 7:30 11:30 & 12:30 4:00 Thank you!

4 Dr. Jungman Dear students and parents, I am very excited to begin a new year of AP Chemistry. This summer work packet is designed to reinforce concepts that you have learned in Pre-AP Chemistry. This will help you to begin the course with a firm foundation in some of the basics We are facing the AP test at the end of this year, and it is a very difficult exam. Therefore, I will be using a variety of methods this year to help you retain the information you learn in class so that you can be successful on the comprehensive test in May. As usual, completion of homework and studying for tests are both crucial to the success of the program. There is a great deal of homework in this class. If you are not willing to do the homework and occasionally watch video notes on your own, then please do not take this class! You can stay plugged in to your academic performance by having your parents sign up for the parent portal and by checking out my web page on the AHS website: Go to Click on Azle Schools and go to the high school site Click on Teacher Websites Click on Science Click on my name (Pamela Jungman) Click on the AP Chemistry link on the left side of the page Alternatively, you can just google my name (Pamela Jungman) and it will give you direct access to my website. *Note: The Azle ISD website will be changing in the near future. When it does, I will send you additional information. Be sure to take advantage of the ipads offered by the school. All of my lessons are on the new Canvas platform, and we use these devices quite often! Working with study partners is always a good idea as long as you are doing your own work and only getting help when absolutely necessary! Try to assimilate as much as possible while you are working on this summer packet. We will have a review and test over this material during the second week of class. Don t panic! The review will tell you exactly what to study!

5 STUDENT INFORMATION NAME: BIRTHDATE: Math class you are taking this year: (Circle one) Algebra II Pre-AP Algebra II Pre-Cal Pre-AP Pre-Cal Calculus Dual Credit College Math Your usual grades in math: (Circle one) A A- B+ B B- C+ C C- English class you are taking this year: (Circle one) English III AP English III English IV AP English IV Dual Credit English Comp Your usual grades in English: (Circle one) A A- B+ B B- C+ C C- Activities at school: (Please be specific) Address: Mother s Name: Cell Phone: Mother s Father s Name: Cell Phone: Father s Will you have access to an ipad? Do You have internet access at home?

6 AP CHEMISTRY NOTES 1-1 MOLE FRACTION Mole Fraction (X) the number of moles of a substance per total moles of a mixture Mole Fraction = Moles A Moles A + Moles B +... Determine the mole fraction of iodine in a mixture of 0.23 moles of I2 mixed with 1.1 moles of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). A canister contains 2.3 g of PCl5, 1.2 g of PCl3, and 0.75 g of Cl2. Determine the mole fraction of each of these gases.

7 AP CHEMISTRY NOTES 1-2 THE CONCENTRATION OF IONS IN SOLUTION REVIEW Determine the molarity of a solution that contains 1.22 g of KI dissolved in water to make 250. ml of solution. Determine the concentration of each ion in the following solutions: 0.25 M BaCl2 1.5 M Cr(OH) M K3PO ml of 0.50 M K2SO4 is mixed with 75.0 ml of 0.25 M Al(NO3)3. What is the concentration of each ion in the solution? 50. ml of M FeCl3 is mixed with 25 ml of M FeCl3. What is the resulting molarity of the solution?

8 AP CHEMISTRY NOTES 1-3 THE PREPARATION OF SOLUTIONS BY DILUTION To Prepare a Solution by Dilution: M1 V1 = M2 V2 (stock soln) (new soln) How would you prepare ml of a 0.40 M solution of MgSO4 from a stock solution that is 2.0 M in concentration? How much water would you add to 25 ml of 1.00 M NaOH to prepare a 0.75 M solution?

9 AP CHEMISTRY NOTES 1-4 LIMITING REAGENTS REVISITED 20.0 grams of propane are reacted with 50.0 grams of oxygen at STP according to the following reaction: C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O Determine the limiting reagent: Determine the mass of carbon dioxide produced: Determine the mass of excess reagent that remains after the reaction.

10 AP CHEMISTRY NOTES 1-5 STOICHIOMETRY OF SOLUTIONS Calculate the volume of 12 M HCl that just reacts with 15 g of aluminum. What is the molarity of a solution of sodium hydroxide, NaOH, if 36.9 ml of this solution is required to react with 29.2 ml of M hydrochloric acid solution according to the following reaction? HCl + NaOH > NaCl + H2O

11 AP CHEMISTRY NOTES 1-6 GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS An impure sample of solid Na2CO3 is allowed to react with M HCl. Na2CO3 + 2HCl > 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O A g sample of sodium carbonate requires ml of HCl solution to react completely. What is the purity of the sodium carbonate? When a sample of impure potassium chloride (0.4500g) was dissolved in water and treated with an excess of silver nitrate, g of silver chloride was precipitated. Calculate the percentage KCl in the original sample.

12 NAME: DATE: PERIOD: WORKSHEET Mole Fraction 1. What is the mole fraction of sodium chloride in a solution containing 0.23 moles of NaCl and 5.5 moles of water? 2. What is the mole fraction of oxygen in a gaseous mixture containing 25 grams of oxygen, 15 grams of nitrogen, and 10 grams of helium? R1. The following information was obtained in the laboratory. Determine the density of the object involved. Pre-AP Notes 2-6 Description of Measurement Mass of object Volume of water in graduated cylinder Volume of water in cylinder after object is added Value g 52.5 ml 63.2 ml

13 NAME: DATE: PERIOD: AP CHEMISTRY WORKSHEET Concentration of Ions in Solution 1. Determine the concentration of each ion in the following solutions: 2.22 M Li2SO M (NH4)3PO M Cr(NO3)6 2. What is the molarity of a solution that contains g of KMnO4 dissolved to make 15.0 ml of solution? ml of M Na3PO4 is mixed with 200. ml of M Li2CrO4. What is the concentration of all ions in the solution? 4. If 25.0 ml of 1.0 M (NH4)2CO3 is mixed with 25.0 ml of 0.75 M (NH4)2CO3, what is the resulting concentration of the solution?

14 NAME: DATE: PERIOD: WORKSHEET The Preparation of Solutions by Dilution 1. How would you prepare 1500 ml of a 0.50 M solution of KI from a stock solution which is 2.25 M in concentration? 2. How many milliliters of 0.25 M H2SO4 can be prepared from 57 ml of a 3.0 M solution of H2SO4? ml of a 0.50 M solution of KMnO4 is added to 100. ml of water. What is the molarity of the resulting solution? AP1. How many milliliters of 11.6-molar HCl must be diluted to obtain 1.0 liter of 3.0-molar HCl? a. 3.0 ml b. 35 ml c. 260 ml d. 3,900 ml e. 1,000 ml R1. How many atoms of carbon are in 2.23 grams of propane (C3H8)? Pre-AP Notes 3-4 R2. What is the percent composition of PbSO4? Pre-AP Notes 3-6

15 NAME: DATE: PERIOD: WORKSHEET Limiting Reagents Revisited grams of nitrogen are reacted with 12.0 grams of hydrogen according to the following equation: Determine the limiting reagent: N2 + 3H2 2 NH3 Determine the mass of ammonia produced: Determine the mass of excess reagent that remains after the reaction grams of phosphorus are reacted with 15.0 grams of chlorine gas according to the following equation: 2P + 5Cl2 2PCl5 Determine the limiting reagent: Determine the mass of phosphorus pentachloride produced: Determine the mass of excess reagent that remains after the reaction.

16 NAME: DATE: PERIOD: AP CHEMISTRY WORKSHEET Solution Stoichiometry 1. Calculate the number of grams of carbon dioxide, CO2, that can react with 135 ml of a M solution of potassium hydroxide, KOH, according to the following reaction: 2KOH + CO2 K2CO3 + H2O 2. What volume of M HNO3 solution is required to react completely with 38.6 ml of M Ba(OH)2? Ba(OH)2 + 2HNO3 Ba(NO3)2 + 2H2O 4. An excess of AgNO3 reacts with ml of an AlCl3 solution to give g of AgCl. What is the concentration, in moles per liter, of the AlCl3 solution? AlCl3 + 3AgNO3 3AgCl + Al(NO3) AP1. What volume of molar HCl is required to neutralize 25.0 milliliters of molar Ba(OH)2? a ml b ml c ml d ml e ml AP2. A student wishes to prepare 2.00 L of molar KIO3 (molecular weight 214). The proper procedure is to weigh out : a g of KIO3 and add 2.0 kilograms of H2O b g of KIO3 and add H2O until the final homogeneous solution has a volume of 2.00 liters c g of KIO3 and add H2O until the final homogeneous solution has a volume of 2.00 liters d g of KIO3 and add 2.00 liters of H2O e g of KIO3 and add 2.00 liters of H2O

17 NAME: DATE: PERIOD: AP CHEMISTRY WORKSHEET Gravimetric Analysis 1. Calculate the percent purity of a sample of Mg(OH)2 if titration of g of the sample required ml of M H3PO4. 3Mg(OH)2 + 2H3PO4 Mg3(PO4)2 + 6H2O 2. A 2.00g sample of limestone was dissolved in hydrochloric acid and all the calcium present in the sample was converted to Ca 2+ (aq). Excess ammonium oxalate solution, (NH4)2C2O4(aq), was added to the solution to precipitate the calcium ions as calcium oxalate, CaC2O4(s). The precipitate was filtered, dried and weighed to a constant mass of 2.43g. Determine the percentage by mass of calcium in the limestone sample.

18 R1. Use the data below to: Pre-AP Notes 3-8 A. fill in the missing mass of water in the table B. find the formula of the hydrate SUBSTANCE Cu(NO 3) 2 XH 2O before heating Cu(NO 3) 2 after heating H 2O which evaporated MASS 5.00 grams 3.90 grams R2. A component of protein called serine has an approximate molar mass of 100 g/mole. If the percent composition is as follows, what are the empirical and molecular formulas of serine? Pre-AP Notes 6-6 C = % H= % O = % N= %

19 NAME: DATE: PERIOD: CHEMICAL NOMENCLATURE Complete the following table: Notes 4-5 & 4-6 for ionic/molecular compounds; Notes 10-4 for acids and bases Formula Name Formula Name KCl Barium Nitrate Iron(III) Chromate (NH4)2CO3 Lead(II) Sulfate Silver Sulfide Ni3(PO4)2 Manganese(VII) Sulfite Acetic Acid Iron(II) Arsenide NH3 HBrO2 (acid) Mg3P2 HClO4 (acid) Cadmium Chloride Copper(II) Acetate Nitric Acid FePO3 NaNO2 Dinitrogen Trioxide Ammonium Chromate Tri-antimony Nonachloride Potassium Dichromate Sulfuric Acid HClO (acid) CuSO4 CS2 Diphosphorus Pentoxide Aluminum Nitride Tin(IV) Hydroxide Lead(IV) Selenide Strontium Permanganate Phosphoric Acid KCN Cr2(C2O4)3 Ammonium Nitrate Carbon Tetrachloride P3Cl8 Chromium (VI) Iodide Hydrochloric Acid

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