Tuesday, November 10, 2015 Welcome to Investigative Science with Mr. Fireng

Transcription

1 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter Tuesday, November 0, 05 Welcome to Investigative Science with Mr. Fireng. Get out your stampsheet/warm-up packet. Get out your interactive journal. Take out homework from binder put on desk (this may be in your interactive journal).. Get out agenda from binder. Write your homework for the next day in your agenda, fold agenda back leave open your agenda open on you desk. 5. Put Binder Away (in backpack or underdesk) Start warm up. If you are not ready working at the end of the -min drill you will lose your participation points. Tuesday, November 0,

2 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter Page 6 What is an ionic bond What is an ionic bond example: Naming Ionic Bonds Formula to name: Naming Ionic Bonds: Name to formula: Summary Ions

3 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter Tuesday, November 0, 05 Learning goal: How the transfer of energy from source to consumption affects energy costs production preferences. Learning scale: Know multiple uses of energy. Know uses sources of electrical energy in the United States the relative costs. Underst how American choose their energy source based on the three pillars. Able to use multiple sets to demonstrate in energy consumption based on a ranking of the three pillars.

4 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter r Trends of the table : the table can predict an element's physical chemical due to similar atomic structure of the elements within their or periods.

5 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter Trend of the table: Reactivity Trend one: Reactivity: the tendency of a substance to undergo chemical reaction. Chemical reactions form chemical bonds.

6 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter Chemical Bonds A chemical bond is the force of attraction that holds two atoms together. Two types: Ionic Bond Covalent bond Na Attractive Force Cl

7 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter Trend of the table: Reactivity The metallic stairway.. That separates the metals from the non-metals.

8 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter Tuesday, November 0, 05 Reactivity increases from center. More reactive More reactive Transition metals Not very reactive Nobel gases are NOT REACTIVE!

9 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter Reactivity increases from center.

10 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter Driving force for Chemical reactions is stability Chemical bonds make atoms more STABLE!

11 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter The Nobel gases provides a clue to how elements combine Nobel gases are not reactive! Each one of the outer shells of a Nobel gas is filled! They are stable!

12 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter The Octet Rule: Happiness is a filled shell. Atoms form chemical bonds in order to fill their outermost energy level with electrons. All elements strive to become a noble gas, at least as far as the electrons are concerned. Atoms Filling the outer shell or 8 electrons Achieve this by losing or adding electrons

13 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter The Octet Rule: Happiness is a filled shell Filling the outer shell or 8 electrons Achieve this by losing or adding electrons What is the easiest way??

14 What is the easiest way to get a Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter full shell?? The Octet Rule: Happiness is a filled shell Sodium has one valance electron, wants 8..If it lost one, it would have a complete outer shell!

15 What is the easiest way to get a Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter full shell?? The Octet Rule: Happiness is a filled shell In general, metals lose electrons, become Cations Na +

16 What is the easiest way to get a Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter full shell?? The Octet Rule: Happiness is a filled shell Chlorine has seven valance electron, wants 8..easier to steal an electron..

17 What is the easiest way to get a Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter full shell?? The Octet Rule: Happiness is a filled shell In general, Non-metals gain electrons, become anions Cl -

18 What is the easiest way to get a Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds Tuesday, November 0, using of the table know how energy can alter full shell?? 05 Equal to the number of valance electrons Equal to the number of electrons Needed to fill outer

19 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter Making ions. Metals lose electrons, become Cations, Ion charge is equal to the valance electrons.. Non-metals gain electrons, become anions, Ion charge equal to #number of valance electrons need to fill shell.

20 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter Tuesday, November 0, 05 Some metals can form cations of more than one possible charge. Mn+ : manganese(ii) ion Mn+ : manganese(iii) ion Fe+ : ferrous ion [Fe(II)] Fe+ : ferric ion [Fe(III)] Use roman numerals to show positive charge

21 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter IONIC BOND Formed between two ions by the transfer of electrons (not shared)

22 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter Ionic bond Example Electron from Na is transferred to Cl. The Na becomes (Na+) the Cl becomes (Cl-), charged particles or ions. The charged ions are held together.. Like a magnet. Overall charge is 0.

23 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter Using Lewis dot structures. Positive negative ions are combined so that the total number of positive charges is balanced by the total number of negative charges. For example, CuS, CuCl, AlCl Al O

24 Naming Ionic Compounds Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter Naming Ionic Bonds: Formula to name:. Write the name of the cation first (use roman numeral if necessary). Write the name of the anion (use the ide ending) Example: Na S is named as sodium sulfide Problems:. MgO. CaBr

25 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter Naming Ionic Bonds: Name to formula: THE OVERALL CHARGE OF AN IONIC BOND IS ZERO! So how many of each ions do we need?? Barium Chloride The charge here would be +, NO!!

26 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter Naming Ionic Bonds: Name to formula: THE OVERALL CHARGE OF AN IONIC BOND IS ZERO! So how many of each ions do we need?? Barium Chloride The charge here would be +, NO!!

27 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter Naming Ionic Bonds: Name to formula:. THE OVERALL CHARGE IS ZERO!. Write the of both elements. Write the charge each as superscript. Ignore the charges 5. Criss-cross the superscript so they become subscript 6. Reduce when possible. (draw this) Barium Chloride

28 Learning goal: Predict of elements compounds using of the table know how energy can alter Examples: Lead (IV) Oxide Problems: Magnesium oxide Potassium iodide Tin (II) oxide