Atoms and Bonding. Chapter 18 Physical Science
|
|
- Molly McDonald
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Atoms and Bonding Chapter 18 Physical Science
2 Atoms and Bonding: Chemical Bonding The combining of atoms of elements to form new substances. Bonding of atoms determine a compound s properties. Compounds More than one kind of atom chemically combined. Atoms combine in distinct ways based on their structure (valence electrons).
3 Lewis-dot Diagram Bonds can be shown using a Lewis-dot diagram. The diagram uses dots that represent the outer electrons of each atom involved in the bonding. ulyopnxjaz8
4 Electrons & Energy Levels: Atoms are by nature neutral. i.e. Electrons will equal protons. Electrons are held by electromagnetism to the protons in the nucleus. Electrons are arranged around the nucleus in an electron cloud. Electron clouds are made up of energy levels
5 Electrons & Energy Levels: Electron clouds are made up of energy levels. Maximum electrons per energy level (2n 2 ) 1 st = (2)(1 2 ) = 2 nd = (2)(2 2 ) = 3 rd = (2)(3 2 ) = 4 th = (2)(4 2 ) = 5 th = (2)(5 2 ) = or 18 8 or 32 8 or 50 *Note: No element known today has attained an outer energy level of 50 electrons.
6 Electrons & Energy Levels: When an atom s outer energy level is completely filled with electrons, it becomes stable (unreactive). Q: Which elements in the periodic table have complete outer energy levels? A: Noble Gases (Group 8a) Q: Based on this principle, would you rather fly in a hydrogen filled or helium filled airship?
7 The Octet Rule: Most elements with more than 2 energy levels are stable with 8 outer electrons even though they can hold 18, 32, or 50 electrons. This rule applies to the behavior of most elements and compounds, but is not universal.
8 The Octet Rule, cont d: If an atom has only one outer electron (valence electron), it will likely lose that electron to another atom. With this electron missing, the element becomes stable with its next inner energy level full, but is now an ion. Specifically a + ion (cation).
9 Ionic Bonding: Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. Always formed between a metal and a non-metal. An atom in an ionic bond will become either positive or negatively charged.
10 Ionic Bonding: Ion (charged particle) = An atom that has lost or gained electrons. Becoming ions for an ionic bond: Sodium (Na) Fluorine (F) 11P 9P 11 Protons (+11) 11 Electrons + (-11) net charge = 0 9 Protons (+9) 9 Electrons + (-9) net charge = 0
11 Ionic Bonding: Since Sodium becomes positively charged and Fluorine becomes negatively charged, electromagnetism holds the atoms together to form a compound Sodium fluoride (NaF) Sodium (Na +1 ) Fluorine (F -1 ) 11P 9P 11 Protons (+11) 11 Electrons + (-10) net charge = +1 9 Protons (+9) 9 Electrons + (-10) net charge = -1
12 Electron Affinity: Electron affinity is the tendency of an atom to attract electrons. Q: Which element has the highest electron affinity, calcium or chlorine? A: Chlorine
13 Ionization Energy: Ionization energy is the energy required for ionization. Ionization involves overcoming the attraction of electrons to protons. Ionization energy is proportional to the number of valence electrons. i.e. Atoms with tightly held valence electrons have high ionization energy & high electron affinity.
14 Ionic Bonds cont d: Since (+) ions are attracted to (-) ions and like ions repel, ionic compounds tend to form crystal lattices a repeating arrangement of ions. This arrangement gives rise to stability. i.e. A high amount of energy is required to overcome ionic attractions.
15 Ionic Bonds cont d: Ionic bonds can be shown using Lewis-Dot Diagrams Dots represent outer electrons (valence electrons) Sodium Chloride
16 Covalent Bonds: Covalent bonds involve the sharing of valence electrons. Most likely to occur between atoms w/high ionization energy & electron affinity. - i.e. Atoms in covalent bonds do not lose electrons easily & tend to attract electrons - The positive nuclei of two atoms simultaneously attract each others electrons.
17 Covalent Bonds: Covalent bonds can be shown using Lewis- Dot Diagrams Dots represent outer electrons (valence electrons) e.g. Diatomic Hydrogen Diatomic Iodine
18 Covalent Bonds: Hydrogen Chloride Water Ammonia
19 Covalent Bonds: Covalently bonded atoms are called molecules. - Molecule smallest particle of a covalently bonded substance that has all the properties of that substance. - Molecules tend to have low melting points or are gases. - i.e. Molecules have weak attractions to one another Exceptions are network solids like diamond, graphite, quartz - In network solids there is no separation of molecules it is one big molecule (macromolecule).
20 Covalent Bonds: Polyatomic Ions Covalently bonded atoms that have a charge and act like a single atom. - These tend to form ionic bonds w/other atoms - Ammonium NH Phosphate PO Sulfite SO 3-2
21 Covalent Bonds: Polar Covalent Bonds Unequal sharing of electrons e.g. Water (H 2 O) - O H + + H
22 Covalent Bonds: H O H Oxygen tends to possess the Hydrogens electrons more often; Hydrogen becomes positively charged & Oxygen becomes negatively charged. This is why water molecules adhere to each other.
23 Metallic Bonds: Metallic bonds are bonds between two metals. Metals tend to give up electrons. Positive nuclei of atoms of metals are surrounded by free-moving electrons. i.e. They form a common electron cloud & all equally share their outer electrons.
24 Metallic Bonds: Free floating electrons allow for metallic properties because: - Atoms can slide by each other when twisted or hammered. - Electrons can flow easily (high conductivity). - The overall attraction of electrons give metals a high melting point.
25 Predicting Bond Types: Metal & Non-Metal = Ionic Bonded Compounds Non-metal & Non-metal = Covalently Bonded Compounds Metal & Metal = Metallic Bonds
26 Formation of Water: H 2H 2 H H H Hydrogen + Oxygen Reactants O O 2H 2 O Water O H H O 2 O H H Products
27 Oxidation Numbers: Oxidation numbers are the number of electrons an atom gains, loses, or shares in a chemical bond. e.g. Sodium (Na) = 1 valence electron = Na+ when bonding occurs = +1 oxidation number Magnesium (Mg) = +2
28 Oxidation Numbers: Q: What is the oxidation number of Fluorine? A: -1 Q: Carbon? A: +4 or -4
29 Using Oxidation Number to predict Chemical Bonding and Formulas. - Step 1: Identify the element symbol or the polyatomic ion formula for each part of the compound name. - Step 2: Determine the oxidation number for each part. - Step 3: The sum of oxidation numbers must equal zero for the completed formula. - Step 4: If the sum is not zero, use Least Common Multiple of the oxidation numbers to determine how many of each element or ion is needed so that the sum will be zero.
30 Ex: Write the formula for Sodium chloride and for Calcium chloride Sodium chloride step 1: Na Cl step 2: +1-1 step 3: (+1) + (-1) = 0 Formula = NaCl Calcium chloride step 1: Ca Cl step 2: +2-1 step 3: (+2) + (-1) 0 step 4: 1(+2) + 2(-1) = 0 Step 4 tells me I need 1 Ca and 2 Cl: Formula = CaCl 2
31 Oxidations of Common Elements: +1 Ammonium NH 4 + Cuprous Cu + Hydrogen H + Mercurous Hg + Potassium K + Silver Ag + Sodium Na Barium Ba ++ Aluminum Al +++ Calcium Ca ++ Arsenic As +++ Cupric Cu ++ Chromic Cr +++ Ferrous Fe ++ Ferric Fe +++ Lead Pb ++ Magnesium Mg ++ Manganese Mn ++ Mercuric Hg ++ Nickel Ni ++ Tin Sn ++ Zinc Zn ++
32 Oxidations of Common Elements: -1 Acetate C2H3O2 - Bicarbonate HCO3 - Bisulfate HSO4 - Bromate BrO3 - Bromide Br - Chlorate ClO3 - Chloride Cl - Cyanide CN - Flouride F - Hydroxide OH - Iodide I - Nitrate NO3 - Nitrite NO2 - Permanganate MnO Carbonate CO 3 -- Chromate CrO 4 -- Dichromate Cr 2 O 7 -- Oxide O -- Peroxide O 2 -- Sulfate SO 4 -- Sufide S -- Sulfite SO Nitride N --- Phosphate PO 4 ---
Ionic and Metallic Bonding
Unit 5: Ionic and Metallic Bonding H 2 O Valence Electrons are? The electrons responsible for the chemical properties of atoms, and are those in the outer energy level. Valence electrons - The s and p
More informationCHEM 1364 Test #1 (Form A) Spring 2010 (Buckley)
Name CHEM 1364 Test #1 (Form A) Spring 2010 (Buckley) If you get stuck on one item, just go to the next and come back later. Point possibilities are indicated in parentheses to the right of each problem
More informationChapter 5 Ionic Compounds. Classification of Compounds. Chemical Nomenclature
Chapter 5 Ionic Compounds Classification of Compounds Chapter 5 2 Chemical Nomenclature The term nomenclature come from the Latin word meaning calling by name. Chemical Nomenclature is a system for naming
More informationHow do atoms of elements exist in the
How do atoms of elements exist in the nature? How do atoms of elements exist in the nature? But noble gases like He,Ne,Ar,Kr,Xe,Rn etc do not exist in the nature in the combined state..they exist as monoatomic
More informationU N I T T E S T P R A C T I C E
South Pasadena Honors Chemistry Name 6 Compounds Period Date U N I T T E S T P R A C T I C E Section 1: Multiple Choice. Select the best answer choice for each question. (1 point each) 1. Bonds between
More informationIonic Bonding (Ch.7) Covalent Bonding (Ch.8) Metallic Bonding
Unit 3: Chemical Bonding Outline Ionic Bonding (Ch.7) Valence electrons Positive and negative ions and transition metal ions Ionic bonding: Charge on compounds Ionic compounds characteristics Writing ionic
More informationMolecule 2 atoms chemically combined, smallest part of compound
Chemical Bonds 008: Chemical Bonds Bonding: the way atoms are attracted to each other to form molecules, determines nearly all of the chemical properties we see. And, as we shall see, the number 8 is
More informationChemical Bonding. Comparison of Properties Ionic Compounds Covalent Compounds Metals
Chemical Bonding Comparison of Properties Ionic Compounds Covalent Compounds Metals Essential Questions Why/How do atoms combine with one another to form the vast array of chemical substances that exist?
More informationChapter 7 & 8 Nomenclature Notes/Study Guide. Properties of ionic bonds & compounds. Section 7-2
Objectives Properties of ionic bonds & compounds Section 72 Define chemical bond. Describe formation of ionic bonds structure of ionic compounds. Generalize of ionic bonds based on Main Idea of ionic compounds
More informationIons and Ionic Compounds
Ions and Ionic Compounds Elements combine in a specific ratio to form compounds. Compounds can be categorized as ionic or covalent depending on the type of bond present within the compound. Ionic compounds
More informationTest- Teacher s Use Only Student s Name Question Max Point Number Score Scored Date Duration Grade Instructions
Physical Science Test- Unit Teacher s Use Only Student s Name Date 2016-2017 Academic Year- Term Question Number Max Score Point Scored Duration Grade minutes G Q1 Q2 Q3 Instructions Fill in your student
More informationChemistry. Test - Unit Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q15 Q16 Q17. Total. Teacher s Use Only. Student s Name. Max Score. Question Number. Point Scored.
Chemistry Test - Unit Teacher s Use Only Student s Name Date 2016-2017 Academic Year- Term Question Number Max Score Point Scored Duration Grade minutes G Q1 Q2 Q3 Instructions Fill in your student ID
More informationChapter 6 Inorganic and Organic Compounds: Names and Formulas
Chapter 6 Inorganic and Organic Compounds: Names and Formulas 6.1 Octet Rule and Ions 1 Octet Rule An octet is 8 valence electrons is associated with the stability of the noble gases does not occur with
More informationIonic Compounds and Metals
Ionic Compounds and Metals Chapter 7 Ch. 7.1 Chemical bond Cation Anion Vocabulary Ch. 7.2 Ionic bond Ionic compound Binary compound Crystal lattice Electrolyte Lattice energy 2 Objectives Define a chemical
More informationChapter 6 Chemical Names and Formulas
Chemistry/ PEP Name: Date: Chapter 6 Chemical Names and Formulas Chapter 6: 1 9, 12, 14 24, 26 28, 31 36, 40, 42, 49, 52, 53, 56, 58, 62, 67 (37 total) 1. Provide the name and symbol of the ion formed
More informationInorganic Chemistry Nomenclature A. Anions
Writing Net Ionic Equations and Determination of Spectator Ions Predicting Products and Balancing Total Equation: 1. Given reactants, swap appropriate ions to form product compounds 2. Determine phase
More informationCHEMICAL BONDING. Dear Reader
CHEMICAL BONDING Dear Reader As you have already studied that the substances exist as discrete units called molecules. These molecules are formed by the combination of atoms. When these atoms combine,
More information5072 CHEMISTRY (NEW PAPERS WITH SPA) BASIC TECHNIQUES 5067 CHEMISTRY (NEW PAPERS WITH PRACTICAL EXAM) BASIC TECHNIQUES
5072 CHEMISTRY (NEW PAPERS WITH SPA) BASIC TECHNIQUES 5067 CHEMISTRY (NEW PAPERS WITH PRACTICAL EXAM) BASIC TECHNIQUES LEARNING OUTCOMES a) Be able to write formulae of simple compounds b) Be able to write
More informationChemistry B11 Chapter 4 Chemical bonds
Chapter 4 Chemical bonds Octet rule: when undergoing chemical reaction, atoms of group 1A7A elements tend to gain, lose, or share sufficient electrons to achieve an electron configuration having eight
More informationChapter 4 Compounds and Their Bonds. Octet Rule. Metals Form Positive Ions. Ionic and Covalent Bonds. Formation of a Sodium Ion, Na +
Chapter 4 Compounds and Their Bonds Octet Rule 4.1 Octet Rule and Ions An octet Is 8 valence electrons. Is associated with the stability of the noble gases. Helium (He) is stable with 2 valence electrons
More informationWhat are the rules for writing and naming stable ionic formulas?
1 1. Define electronegativity. a measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons. 2. On the periodic table, where are the LEAST/MOST electronegative elements found? Least-Bottom
More information2. Covalent bond bonds in which electrons are shared resulting in a molecule
REVIEW: UNIT 3: BONDING: OXIDATION NUMBERS: NAMING CHEMICALS What are valence electrons? How do you determine valence electrons? How do you write dot notations? The outermost electrons are always s and
More informationHe 1s 2 2 Ne 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 8 = Ar 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 8 = O 1s 2 2s 2 2p 4 6 = S 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 4 6 = 2 + 4
Bonding is the joining of two atoms in a stable arrangement. CHAPTER 7: IONIC COMPOUNDS There are two different kinds of bonding: 1. Ionic bonds result from the transfer of electrons from one element to
More informationNomenclature for ionic compounds
Name: Nomenclature for ionic compounds Nomenclature is a system of naming. This worksheet presents a widely used system of nomenclature for ionic compounds. There are two types of metal cations with different
More informationChapter 2. The Components of Matter
Chapter 2. The Components of Matter 1 The Periodic Table (Section 2.6) 13 Al 26.981 Main Idea: 1. Groups: Old numbering system: New IUPAC numbering system: 2. Periods: 3. Know the names and properties
More informationChemical Bonding. Chemical Bonds. Metals, Ions, or Molecules. All Matter Exists as Atoms,
Chemical Bonding Valence electrons (the outer most electrons) are responsible for the interaction between atoms when forming chemical compounds. Another way to say that is that valence electrons are the
More informationTernary Compounds. , to give the compound, NaNO 3, sodium nitrate.
Ternary Compounds Ternary Compounds Ternary compounds are those containing three different elements. (NaNO 3, NH 4 Cl, etc.). The naming of ternary compounds involves the memorization of several positive
More informationChapter 6: Chemical Bonding
Chapter 6: Chemical Bonding Learning Objectives Describe the formation of ions by electron loss/gain to obtain the electronic configuration of a noble gas. Describe the formation of ionic bonds between
More informationCHEM 1105 S10 January 21, 2014
CHEM 1105 S10 January 21, 2014 Chapter 3: Compounds and Formulas Today: Types of compounds: Ionic vs. covalent Naming ionic compounds Naming binary covalent compounds (two elements only) Ionic Bonding
More informationBell Work 6-Nov How many valence electrons does magnesium and oxygen have? Draw their Lewis dot structures.
Bell Work 6-Nov-2012 How many valence electrons does magnesium and oxygen have? Draw their Lewis dot structures. Objective: You will UNDERSTAND how to write a basic chemical formula Ions Some compounds
More informationThe Structure of Matter:
The Structure of Matter: How atoms form compounds and Chemical Bonding This information is found in Chapter 6 Sections 1 & 3. 1 Compounds Are formed when two or more elements combine (or compounds combine)
More informationChapter 5: Nomenclature
Chem 1025 Prof George W.J. Kenney, Jr Introductory Chemistry, Zumdahl Decoste, 6th ed Last Update: 21July09 Chapter 5: Nomenclature These Notes are to SUPPLIMENT the Text, They do NOT Replace reading the
More informationChapter 8 Nomenclature
8.1 Names of Atoms Chapter 8 Nomenclature Simple neutral atoms with no charge are named as is: Na is sodium atom, Ne is neon atom Know the names and symbols for elements #1-20 and Ba, Co, I, Cu, Fe, Pb,
More informationA chemical bond is a force that holds two or more atoms together.
Bonding A chemical bond is a force that holds two or more atoms together. Compound two or more elements chemically combined by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons. Molecule a particle made of 2 or more
More informationUNIT 5.1. Types of bonds
UNIT 5.1 Types of bonds REVIEW OF VALENCE ELECTRONS Valence electrons are electrons in the outmost shell (energy level). They are the electrons available for bonding. Group 1 (alkali metals) have 1 valence
More informationH 2 O. Chapter 9 Chemical Names and Formulas
H 2 O Chapter 9 Chemical Names and Formulas Section 9.1 Naming Ions OBJECTIVES: Identify the charges on monatomic ions by using the periodic table, and name the ions. Section 9.1 Naming Ions OBJECTIVES:
More informationAtomic Theory and Donding
Surrounding Name Date Atomic Theory and Donding Textbook pages 1 68-183 Summary Before You Read What do you already know about Bohr diagrams? Record your answer in the lines below. What are atoms? An atom
More informationCHAPTER 8 Ionic and Metallic Bonds
CHAPTER 8 Ionic and Metallic Bonds Shows the kind of atoms and number of atoms in a compound. MgCl 2 NaCl CaCO 3 Al 2 O 3 Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 Chemical Formulas Al: Cl: counting atoms AlCl 3 Pb: N: O: Pb(NO
More informationName Date Period Ionic Bonding Puzzle Activity
Name Date Period Ionic Bonding Puzzle Activity Introduction When metals and non-metals chemically react, the atoms will tend to form ions or charged atoms. Ions form because electrons are either gained
More informationOccurs when electrons are transferred electrostatic attractions (btw positive & negative atoms)
Ionic Bonding Ionic Bonding Occurs when electrons are transferred from one atom to another, forming two ions The ions stay together because of electrostatic attractions (btw positive & negative atoms)
More informationChapter 6 Chemical Bonding
Chapter 6 Chemical Bonding 1. Define electronegativity. 2. How does electronegativity vary as the atomic number of an element increases within the same period of the periodic table? 3. How is the strength
More informationInformation Required for Memorization
Information Required for Memorization Your students are required to memorize the following information for Chem 10. This information must not be supplied on Cheat Sheets for your Semester Exams or Final
More informationThe following pages provide the answers to the IONIC COMPOUNDS AND IONIC BONDS PAPER LAB.
The following pages provide the answers to the IONIC COMPOUNDS AND IONIC BONDS PAPER LAB. However, I did not draw the models. If you don t understand how I got the formulae, please see me in class. IONIC
More informationBonding-when atoms get it on. Ionic Compounds 9/22/2013. Chemical Formulas and Bonding
Bonding-when atoms get it on Chemical Formulas and Bonding There are two types of bonds that you need to know. The first kind of bond is Ionic bond. Ionic Bond = when a positive ion is attracted to a negatively
More informationUNIT 3: The Octet Rule & Chemical Bonding
UNIT 3: The Octet Rule & Chemical Bonding Section 1: The Octet Rule Section 2: Ionic Bonding & Ionic Compounds Section 3: Covalent Bonding & Molecules Section 4: VESPR & Molecular Polarity Section 5: The
More informationNames and Formulas of Compounds. J. Venables
Names and Formulas of Compounds Chemistry 2 Honors J. Venables Northwestern High School Formation of Compounds When an atom or molecule loses electrons, it becomes positively charged. For example, when
More informationUnit 2. Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
Unit 2. Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Upon successful completion of this unit, the students should be able to: 2.1 State and be able to apply the Law of Conservation of Mass, Law of Definite Proportions,
More informationAP Chemistry Summer Assignment
AP Chemistry Summer Assignment AP Chemistry Students: This summer you are responsible for the following assignments: 1. You need to master the formulas, charges, and names of the common ions. On the second
More informationlost, gained or shared chemical bonds symbols subscripts NaCl, H O, CaCO, CO
Topics Chemical Bonds Force that holds atom together Stability in Bonding Valence Electrons Reactivity Types of Bonds Ionic, Metallic, Covalent, Hydrogen bond Writing Formulas and Naming Compounds Binary
More informationNomenclature. Ex. For sodium the oxidation number is +1. For oxygen the oxidation number is -2.
Nomenclature 1. BONDING CAPACITY (VALENCE) The number of bonds an atom can make. For a Cation, the bonding capacity is the number of electrons lost to become stable. For an Anion, the bonding capacity
More informationTHE ST. MICHAEL SCHOOL THIRD FORM CHEMISTRY MANUAL 3 SYMBOLS AND FORMULAE, CHEMICAL BONDING AND CHEMICAL EQUATIONS
1 THE ST. MICHAEL SCHOOL THIRD FORM CHEMISTRY MANUAL 3 SYMBOLS AND FORMULAE, CHEMICAL BONDING AND CHEMICAL EQUATIONS COMPILED BY G.WALKER, L.WORRELL, T. HARDING REFERENCE BOOKS Anne Tindale Chemistry A
More informationThe chemical formulas of most of the elements are simply their elemental symbol:
Chemical Formulas A chemical formula gives the numbers and types of atoms that are found in a substance. When the substance is a discrete molecule, then the chemical formula is also its molecular formula.
More informationChemistry 51 Chapter 5 OCTET RULE & IONS
OCTET RULE & IONS Most elements, except noble gases, combine to form compounds. Compounds are the result of the formation of chemical bonds between two or more different elements. In the formation of a
More informationText: AP Chemistry Text (I will hand these out by the end of this school year and your school account will be charged directly).
AP Chemistry Summer Assignment 2017 Due to the significant amount of material covered in AP chemistry and the fact that this is the first exposure to chemistry for most of you, it is necessary for you
More informationAP/DE CHEMISTRY Summer Assignment
Welcome to AP/DE Chemistry, AP/DE CHEMISTRY Summer Assignment AP/DE Chemistry is a challenging yet extremely rewarding college level course. AP/DE Chemistry involves problem solving to integrate your laboratory,
More informationFormation of Ions. Ions formed when atoms gain or lose valence e - to achieve a stable octet
Ionic Bonding Formation of Ions Ions formed when atoms gain or lose valence e - to achieve a stable octet Cation Positively charged ion Forms when atom loses electrons Anion negatively charged ion Forms
More informationIONIC BONDING. Belton High School
IONIC BONDING Belton High School Chemical Bond Definition a mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms Valence electrons are electrons available to form a
More informationCHEMISTRY 1: Chemical Bonding
CHEMISTRY 1: Chemical Bonding Brown, T.L., LeMay, H.E., and B.E. Bursten. Chemistry: The Central Science 8 th Ed. New Jersey: PrenticeHall, 2002. CHEMICAL BONDS The forces that hold atoms or ions together
More informationChapter 9 Naming Simple Compounds
Chapter 9 Naming Simple Compounds Monatomic Ions Ionic compounds consists of a positive metal ion and a negative nonmetal ion combined in a proportion such that their charges add up to a net charge of
More informationChemistry 110 Lecture Exam 2 Materials
Chamras Chemistry 110 Lecture Exam 2 Materials A Brief Detour on the Development of the Periodic Table of Elements In Ancient Chinese Philosophy: In Greek Philosophy: Dmitri Mendeleev s Original Periodic
More informationCan a group of atoms have a charge?
Why? Polyatomic Ions Can a group of atoms have a charge? Do you know you eat a lot of -ates? Next time you look at a food label, read the ingredients and you will likely find a number of ingredients that
More informationCHAPTER 3 Ionic Compounds. General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry Janice Gorzynski Smith
CHAPTER 3 Ionic Compounds General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry Janice Gorzynski Smith CHAPTER 3: Ionic Compounds Learning Objectives: q Octet Rule & Predicting ionic Charges q Ionic Bonds q Formation
More information» Composed of more than one type of atom chemically bonded.» A pure substance, meaning its properties are the same throughout the substance.
» Composed of more than one type of atom chemically bonded.» A pure substance, meaning its properties are the same throughout the substance.» Separated chemically not physically» No overall charge; they
More information4.0-Ionic Compounds Unit
4.0-Ionic Compounds Unit Objectives: --Given formula, determine if compound is ionic, molecular, or an acid. --Given name, write formula --Given formula, write name --Understand how ionic compounds form
More informationUnit 1 Physical Science: Chemical Reactions
Unit 1 Physical Science: Chemical Reactions The physical sciences are concerned with the study of inanimate natural objects. Chemistry is the study of matter, its properties, how and why substances combine
More informationTopic 04 Bonding. Ch.08 Ions and their compounds Ch.09 Writing and naming formulas CH.10 Covalent Bonding CH.11 Molecular architecture
Topic 04 Bonding Ch.08 Ions and their compounds Ch.09 Writing and naming formulas CH.10 Covalent Bonding CH.11 Molecular architecture Chemistry 10 T03D01 Molecular Interactions Intermolecular Forces Interaction
More informationColumn B 5. periodic table a. A vertical column of elements in the
Unit 4 Assignment Packet Name Period: A1: The Periodic Table: Organizing the Elements A. periodic table B. metals C. nonmetals D. periods E. alkali metals F. halogens G. columns H. periodic law I. alkaline
More informationFrom Writing Formulas to Balancing Equations A Tutorial
Chemistry Revised 2013 Name From Writing Formulas to Balancing Equations A Tutorial Period Oxidation Numbers. The Oxidation numbers written as s _ tell whether an element or group of elements lost or gained
More informationNOTES PACKET COLLIER CHEMISTRY PRE-AP
SECOND NINE WEEKS NOTES PACKET COLLIER CHEMISTRY PRE-AP 1 2 UNIT 5 CHEMICAL NAMING & BALANCING Chapter 6, 15.1, 16.1 3 NOMENCLATURE: Atoms of elements combine to form that are represented by. All compounds
More informationWelcome to AP Chemistry!
Welcome to AP Chemistry! I am looking forward to next year and hope that you feel the same way. AP Chemistry is a very fast paced course as we need to be prepared for the test in early May. The first 3
More informationIonic Compounds and Ionic Bonding
Ionic Compounds and Ionic Bonding Table of Contents: Ionic Compounds and Ionic Bonding Periodic Table Review Valence Electrons and the Octet Rule Ions Ionic Bonding Properties of Ionic Compounds Predicting
More informationChapter 4 Chemical Formulas, Reactions, Redox and Solutions
Terms to Know: Solubility Solute Solvent Solution Chapter 4 the amount of substance that dissolves in a given volume of solvent at a given temperature. a substance dissolved in a liquid to form a solution
More informationREVIEW OF BASIC CHEMISTRY ANSWER KEY
REVIEW OF BASIC CHEMISTRY ANSWER KEY 1. Name the following elements. Spelling counts: 2. Write the symbols for the following elements. H hydrogen sodium Na S sulphur phosphorus P Cl chlorine fluorine F
More informationA. ATOMS Name Period Date 1. Complete the following table. Element Symbol Number of Protons. Number of electrons Ac 227
A. ATOMS Name Period Date 1. Complete the following table. Element Symbol Number of Protons Number of electrons Number of neutrons Atomic Number 25 53 11 12 35 45 Mass Number 39 89 33 75 Ac 227 2. Fill
More informationIntroduction To Nomenclature. based on procedures created by IUPAC which stands for the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
Introduction To Nomenclature the skill of determining the name and/or chemical formula of a compound based on procedures created by IUPAC which stands for the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
More informationChapter 9 Periodic Law The structure of molecules and describing reactions
Chapter 9 Periodic Law The structure of molecules and describing reactions Reading Assignment: Read the entire chapter. Homework: see the web site for homework. http://web.fccj.org/~smilczan/psc/homework7_11.htm
More informationRegents Chemistry Unit 3- Bonding, Moles & Stoichiometry Study Guide & Pre-Test KEY
Name: Regents Chemistry Unit 3- Bonding, Moles & Stoichiometry Study Guide & Pre-Test KEY Focus Questions for the Unit: How are compounds different... from elements?... from mixtures? What role do valence
More informationIONIC BONDS & IONIC FORMULAS
IONIC BONDS & IONIC FORMULAS BONDING CHEMICAL BONDING Chemical bond an attraction between 2 atoms involving their valence electrons Ionic bond -chemical bond resulting from the electrostatic attraction
More informationIonic Compound. Most CATIONS are formed when a metal GIVES UP at least one electron.
Ions Ionic Compound Most CATIONS are formed when a metal GIVES UP at least one electron. Most ANIONS are formed when a non-metal GAINS at least one electron. *Polyatomic Ions are formed when MANY ATOMS
More informationAtom the smallest unit of matter indivisible. Helium atom
Atom the smallest unit of matter indivisible Helium atom electron shells a) Atomic number = number of Electrons a) Electrons vary in the amount of energy they possess, and they occur at certain energy
More informationChapter 6 and 15 Ionic Compounds
Chapter 6 and 15 Ionic Compounds Chapter 6 Ionic compounds 6.3, 6.4 6.1: Intro to Chemical Bonding A chemical bond is a mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different
More informationToday is Wednesday, October 11 th, 2017
In This Lesson: Unit 3: Ionic and Molecular Compounds Ionic Nomenclature and Polyatomic Ions (Lesson 1 of 4) Today is Wednesday, October 11 th, 2017 Pre-Class: Can you name these compounds? H 2 O CO 2
More informationIonic Compounds: Bonding Nomenclature. Edward Wen
Ionic Compounds: Bonding Nomenclature Edward Wen Bonding Theories Bonding: the way atoms attach to make molecules How and Why atoms attach together in the manner they do is central to chemistry An understanding
More informationUnit 5: Bonding and Inorganic Nomenclature Text Questions from Corwin. 1. How did chemists solve the problem of assigning names to chemical compounds?
Unit 5: Bonding and Inorganic Nomenclature Name: KEY Text Questions from Corwin 1. How did chemists solve the problem of assigning names to chemical compounds? by using a set of systematic rules 2. Who
More informationWriting Formulas and Names of Compounds
Writing Formulas and Names of Compounds PURPOSE - Determine the charge of an ion by observing its electron dot structure. - Write a correct formula and name of an ionic compound. - Determine the number
More informationTypes of bonding: OVERVIEW
1 of 43 Boardworks Ltd 2009 Types of bonding: OVERVIEW 2 of 43 Boardworks Ltd 2009 There are three types of bond that can occur between atoms: an ionic bond occurs between a metal and non-metal atom (e.g.
More informationChemistry Review. a) all of the b) a&b c) a,b&c d) a,b&d above
Chemistry Review 1. The elements whose symbols are P, C, and N are (a) potassium, cadmium, and nickel. (b) potassium, carbon, and nitrogen. (c) phosphorus, calcium, and neon. (d) phosphorus, carbon, and
More informationBonding Mrs. Pugliese. Name March 02, 2011
Bonding Mrs. Pugliese Name March 02, 2011 1. Atoms of which element have the greatest tendency to gain electrons? 1. bromine 3. fluorine 2. chlorine 4. iodine 2. Which polyatomic ion contains the greatest
More informationSeminar 3 Theoretical part
Seminar 3 Theoretical part 1. Methods of qualitative analysis inorganic In order to simplify inorganic qualitative analysis, to separate and identificate the ions of a mixture, all were divided into 5
More informationMid-Term Review (HERBERHOLZ - Honors Chemistry) Chapter 2: 1. How many significant digits are in the following numbers?
Name Hour Mid-Term Review 2017-2018 (HERBERHOLZ - Honors Chemistry) Chapter 2: 1. How many significant digits are in the following numbers? a. 417.0 b. 0.0005 c. 500 000 d. 0.30034 e. 3.970 x 10 5 f. 200.10
More informationScience Class 9 th ATOMS AND MOLECULES. Symbols of Atoms of Different Elements. Atomic Mass. Molecules. Ions. Mole Concept. Finish Line & Beyond
Science Class 9 th ATOMS AND MOLECULES Symbols of Atoms of Different Elements Atomic Mass Molecules Ions Mole Concept Atom An atom is a particle of matter that uniquely defines a chemical element. An atom
More informationPOGIL: Compounds- What s In a Name???
! POGIL: Compounds- What s In a Name??? Page 1 of 5 Name: Date: Identify some simple rules about nomenclature (naming). Model 1: I Lost an Electron! Are You Sure? I m Positive! Cation Anion Formula Name
More informationUNIT 10 Reduction/Oxidation Reactions & Electrochemistry NOTES
Name Period CRHS Academic Chemistry UNIT 10 Reduction/Oxidation Reactions & Electrochemistry NOTES Quiz Date Lab Dates Exam Date Notes, Homework, Exam Reviews and Their KEYS located on CRHS Academic Chemistry
More informationCations have a positive charge and anions have a negative charge. 3. Complete the following table.
Name Pre-AP Chemistry: Ionic Bonding and Nomenclature Period Homework #1: Ionic Bonding 1. Use Lewis Dot Diagrams to predict the ionic compound formed between each of the following atoms. Use arrows to
More informationChapter Six Chemical Names and Formulas WS C U1C6
Chapter Six Chemical Names and Formulas WS C U1C6 Name Period Section 6.1 Part I: Matching. Match the definition with the term that best correlates to it. No definition will be used more than once. 1.
More informationWhat does the word BOND mean to you?
Chemical Bonds What does the word BOND mean to you? Chemical Bond attractive force between atoms or ions in a molecule or compound. Formed by: transferring e - (losing or gaining) sharing e - What do you
More informationElements combine to form compounds chemical bonds. Chemical Bonding
Elements combine to form compounds chemical bonds Chemical Bonding Review Valence electrons Using periodic table to determine them. General bonding rules: If an atom has 1 to 3 valence electrons, it will
More informationIB Chemistry. Chapter 4.1
IB Chemistry Chapter 4.1 Chemical Bonds Atoms or ions that are strongly attached to one another Chemical bonds will form if potential energy decreases (becomes more stable) 2 Valence Electrons Valence
More information7 Ionic Compounds and Metals
Date Class 7 Ionic Compounds and Metals Section 7.1 Ion Formation In your textbook, read about chemical bonds and formation of ions. Use each of the terms below just once to complete the passage. chemical
More informationExperiment #4. Chemical Nomenclature
Experiment #4. Chemical Nomenclature Many everyday and historically important chemical compounds have common names. For example, water is the common name for H 2 O, baking soda is the common name for NaHCO
More information