Potentilla hebiichigo Yonek. & H. Ohashi (Rosaceae) and Its Distribution

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1 J. Jpn. Bot. 83: (2008) Potentilla hebiichigo Yonek. & H. Ohashi (Rosaceae) and Its Distribution Koji YONEKURA a, Hiroyoshi OHASHI b and Kazuaki OHASHI c a Botanical Gardens, Tohoku University, Sendai, JAPAN; yonekura@mail.tains.tohoku.ac.jp b Herbarium TUS, Botanical Gardens, Tohoku University, Sendai, JAPAN; c School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate Prefecture, JAPAN (Received on 10 May 2008) Following the recent generic concept of Potentilla including Duchesnea, a new name P. hebiichigo Yonek. & H. Ohashi is proposed as the replacement name of D. chrysantha (Zoll. & Moritzi) Miq. in the genus Potentilla. The epithet is based on the Japanese name of the species. Distribution area of P. hebiichigo is reconfirmed, because it has been ambiguous by difficulty of correct identification of the species. Key words: Distribution, Duchesnea, nomenclature, Potentilla, Potentilla hebiichigo, replaced name, Rosaceae. 1. The correct name of Duchesnea chrysantha (Zoll. & Moritzi) Miq. in Potentilla Miq. (Rosaceae) is a perennial herb widely distributed in southeastern Asia extending northward to Japan. It is closely related to D. indica (Andrews) Focke ( Potentilla indica (Andrews) Th. Wolf). These species have sometimes been treated as conspecific (e.g., Kitamura 1954, Mizushima 1957, Kalkman 1968). They are, however, distinguished by morphological differences in leaves, fruits and achenes (Hara and Kurosawa 1959, Sugimoto et al. 1991, Naruhashi 2001) and presence of accessory buds in axils of leaves in D. chrysantha or absence in D. indica (Ogura and Kimura 1980). Naruhashi (2001) showed a difference in rhizomes between D. chrysantha and D. indica as often thickened in the former but never in the latter. We confirmed that thickened rhizomes are found in young individuals but are usually not observed in fully grown ones in D. chrysantha, but not in D. indica (Fig. 1). The two species are different from each other in chromosome numbers and karyomorphology (Hara and Kurosawa 1959, Naruhashi and Iwatsubo 1991a, 1991b). Moreover, the nectar guide near the base of petals is visible under UV light in D. indica, but not in D. chrysantha (Naruhashi and Iwatsubo 1991c). From these facts, D. chrysantha and D. indica are considered as distinct species from each other. Recently, Ohashi and Ohashi (2008) transferred taxa of Duchesnea into Potentilla following recent generic revision (Kurtto and Eriksson 2003) inferred from phylogenetic studies (Eriksson et al. 1998). However, they regarded Potentilla chrysantha Trevir. (1818) as identical with Duchesnea chrysantha (Zoll. & Moritzi) Miq. that is based on Fragaria chrysantha Zoll. & Moritzi (1846) described from Java. Potentilla chrysantha Trevir. is distributed in Europe: Balkan peninsula, Romania, Ural, 301

2 Fig. 1. Potentilla hebiichigo (left two) and P. indica (right three) collected in the Aobayama Botanical Garden of Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, showing thickened rhizomes in the former. Photo by Yonekura on 16 May Voucher specimens: Yonekura 15360, (TUS). Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, and Central region of Russia (Ball et al. 1968). Thus Potentilla chrysantha Trevir. is different from F. chrysantha Zoll. & Moritzi indicating Potentilla chrysantha (Zoll. & Moritzi) Trevir. used by Ohashi and Ohashi (2008) is illegitimate and cannot apply to Asian F. chrysantha Zoll. & Moritzi. A new combination based on F. chrysantha Zoll. & Moritzi would produce a later homonym of P. chrysantha Trevir. Duchesnea formosana Odash. (1935) described from Taiwan is a name next to F. chrysantha Zoll. & Moritzi in priority for the Asian plant, but the epithet cannot be used under Potentilla because of the existence of Potentilla formosana Hance (1866), although it is now considered as a synonym of P. discolor Bunge. Duchesnea indica var. japonica Kitam. (1954) is a name proposed for the Asian plants in comparison with Nepalese species Fragaria indica Andrews and Potentilla wallichiana DC., but usage of japonica the epithet at the rank of species will make another homonym of P. japonica Blume (1826). Since no combinations are available based on Duchesnea chrysantha (Zoll. & Moritzi) Miq. in Potentilla, we propose here a new name, Potentilla hebiichigo as follows: Potentilla hebiichigo Yonek. & H. Ohashi, nom. nov. Fragaria chrysantha Zoll. & Moritzi, Syst. Verz. Ind. Archip.: 7 (1846), non Potentilla chrysantha Trevir. (1818). Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat. 1: 372 (1855); H. Hara & T. Kuros. in J. Jpn. Bot. 34: 165 (1959); Ohwi, Fl. Jap. ed. Engl.: 523 (1965); Hatus.,

3 October 2008 Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 83 No Fl. Ryukyus: 307 (1971); T. S. Liu & H. J. Su in H. L. Li & al., Fl. Taiwan 3: 63, t. 479 (1977); K. C. Kuan in T. T. Yü, Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 37: 360 (1985), p. p., excl. syn. Potentilla indica var. wallichiana; Momiy. in Satake & al., Wild Flow. Jap. Herb. Pl. 2: 177, t. 167, 4 & 5 (1982); Ohwi & Kitag., New Fl. Jap.: 832 (1983); H. Ohashi, Fl. Taiwan ed. 2, 3: 75, t. 40 (1993); Naruh., Fl. Jap. 2b: 192 (2001); C. L. Li & al., Fl. China 9: 339 (2003), p.p., excl. syn. Potentilla wallichiana. Duchesnea formosana Odash. in J. Soc. Trop. Agric. Taiwan 7: 79 (1935), non Potentilla formosana Hance (1866). japonica Kitam. in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 15: 160 (1954). leucocephala Makino f. japonica (Kitam.) M. Mizush. in Misc. Rep. Res. Inst. Nat. Res. (45): 68 (1957); Kitam. & Murata, Col. Ill. Herb. Pl. Jap. 2: 131 (1961). f. hebiichigo f. leucocephala (Makino) Yonek. & H. Ohashi, comb. nov. leucocephala Makino in J. Jpn. Bot. 7: 6 (1931). Duchesnea indica (Andrews) Focke f. leucocephala (Makino) M. Mizush. in Misc. Rep. Res. Inst. Nat. Res. (45): 68 (1957), as var. leucocephala Makino f. leucocephala. Miq. f. leucocephala (Makino) H. Hara in J. Jpn. Bot. 34: 166 (1959); Naruh., Fl. Jap. 2b: 192 (2001). Potentilla chrysantha Trevir. f. leucocephala (Makino) H. Ohashi in J. Jpn. Bot. 83: 60(2008). 2. Distribution of Potentilla hebiichigo Yonek. & H. Ohashi Distribution area of Potentilla hebiichigo Yonek. & H. Ohashi ( Duchesnea chrysantha (Zoll. & Moritzi) Miq.) is somewhat ambiguous due to difficulty of identification of the species. Kalkman (1968), as Group a of a part of P. indica, recorded the plant from India, China, Japan, Taiwan, Luzon, Java, Bali and Timor. Kuan (1985) and Li et al. (2003) listed regions of D. chrysantha (Zoll. & Moritzi) Miq. as China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea and Malaysia. Li et al. (2003) cited P. wallichiana Ser. (1825) described from Nepal as a synonym of D. chrysantha, but the type of P. wallichiana is actually P. indica (D. indica) (Hara and Kurosawa 1959, Hara 1979). Naruhashi and Iwatsubo (1991c) reported only dodecaploid plants referable to P. indica from Nepal. Potentilla hebiichigo (as Duchesnea chrysantha) is reported from mainland China (Li et al. 2003). As far as we examined, we found only one specimen of true P. hebiichigo collected from Jiujiang County, Jiangxi Prov. (C. M. Tan 98109, TUS); while the other specimens of Duchesnea from mainland China in TUS are all referable to Potentilla indica (as D. indica). It should be noted that Jiangxi Province, the locality the specimen collected, is outside of the distribution area of the species provided by Li et al. (2003). Although farther extensive study would be necessary, P. hebiichigo seems rare in southeastern China. Potentilla hebiichigo (as Duchesnea chrysantha) has been considered as the only element of the Duchesnea group in Korea floras (T. B. Lee 1980, W. T. Lee 1996), while Hara and Kurosawa (1959) and Kalkman (1968) recorded only P. indica (as D. indica) from Korea and did not include the region as a distribution area of P. hebiichigo. Indeed, photographs or illustrations of D. chrysantha in Korean Flora (e.g., fig. 934 of Y. N. Lee 1996) seem identifiable as P. indica. In addition, all specimens of Duchesnea from Korea we have examined in TUS are referable to P. indica.

4 Lee and Lee (2003) showed a thickened rhizome of D. chrysantha. Accordingly, this report confirms the distribution of the species from Korea judging together with its leaf characters observed in their picture. Potentilla hebiichigo seems much rarer than P. indica in Korea. Hara and Kurosawa (1959) and Naruhashi (2001) recorded Duchesnea chrysantha from Indo-China, but Vidal (1968) recorded only D. indica from the region. Vidal noted the distribution area of D. chrysantha in Japan, Taiwan and Java. Thus distribution of Potentilla hebiichigo in Indo-China seems uncertain. Our reconfirmation shows the distribution of Potentilla hebiichigo is at present from Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu and Ryukyu), Taiwan, Korea (rare), China (rare in southeastern part), Philippines and Indonesia (Java, Bali, Timor). 3. Hybrid between Potentilla hebiichigo and P. indica The hybrid formula for Potentilla harakurosawae (Naruh. & M. Sugim.) H. Ohashi in J. Jpn. Bot. 83: 60 (2008) is emended as follows: Hybrid formula: Potentilla hebiichigo Yonek. & H. Ohashi P. indica (Andrews) Th. Wolf. References Ball P. W., Pawlowski B. and Walters S. M Potentilla L. In: Tutin T. G. et al. (eds.), Flora Europaea. 2: Cambridge at the University Press. Eriksson T., Donoghue M. J. and Hibbs M. S Phylogenetic analysis of Potentilla using DNA sequences of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS), and implications for the classification of Rosoideae (Rosaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 211: Hara H Duchesnea Smith. In: Hara H. and Williams L. H. J. (eds.), An Enumeration of Flowering Plants of Nepal 2: 136. Trustees of British Museum (Natural History), London. Hara H. and Kurosawa S On the Duchesnea indica group. J. Jpn. Bot. 34: Kalkman C Potentilla, Duchesnea, and Fragaria in Malesia. Blumea 16(2): Kitamura S Miscellaneous notes on Himalayan plants (Himalaya shokubutsu zatsudan). Act. Phytotax. Geobot. 15: (in Japanese). Kitamura S. and Murata G Duchesnea. Coloured Illustrations of Herbaceous Plants of Japan (Choripetalae): 131. Hoikusha Publ., Osaka (in Japanese). Kuan K.-C Duchesnea. In: Yü T.-T. (ed.), Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 37: Science Press, Beijing (in Chinese). Kurtto A. and Eriksson T Atlas Florae Europaeae notes. 15. Generic delimitation and nomenclatural adjustments in Potentilleae (Rosaceae). Ann. Bot. Fennici 40(2): Lee T.-B Illustrated Flora of Korea. Seoul (in Korean). Lee W.-T Lineamenta Florae Koreae 1. Academy Books, Seoul (in Korean). Lee Y.-N Flora of Korea. Kyohak Publ., Seoul. Lee Y.-N. and Lee D.-H Additional taxonomic characters. Bull. Korea Pl. Res. (3): Li C.-L., Ikeda H. and Ohba H Duchesnea Smith. In: Wu, Z.-Y. and Raven P. (eds.), Flora of China 9: Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. Mizushima M Additional notes on the flora of isl. Aogashima (2). Misc. Rep. Res. Inst. Nat. Resources (45): Naruhashi N Duchesnea Sm. In: Iwatsuki K., Boufford D. E. and Ohba H. (eds.), Flora of Japan 2b: Kodansha Publ., Tokyo. Naruhashi N. and Iwatsubo Y. 1991a. Karyological studies of Duchesnea (Rosaceae). Cytologia 56: Naruhashi N. and Iwatsubo Y. 1991b. Cytotaxonomic study on two putative hybrids in the genus Duchesnea (Rosaceae). Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 104: Naruhashi N. and Iwatsubo Y. 1991c. Comparative morphology of flowers and chromosome numbers in Duchesnea indica (Rosaceae) from Nepal and Japan. In: Ohba H. and Malla S. B. (eds.), Himalayan Plants 2: 11 15, t Ogura H. and Kimura C The inflorescences in two species of Duchesnea. J. Jpn. Bot. 55(9): (in Japanese). Ohashi H. and Ohashi K New combination in Potentilla with Duchesnea (Rosaceae). J. Jpn. Bot. 83(1): Sugimoto M., Ishizu H. and Naruhashi N Morphological study of Duchesnea (Rosaceae). J.

5 October 2008 Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 83 No Phytogeogr. Taxon. 39: Vidal J. E Duchesnea J. E. Smith. Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam 6: Muséum National d Historie Naturelle, Paris. a b c 83 1 Potentilla chrysantha Trevir. Miq. Fragaria chrysantha Zoll. & Moritzi Potentilla hebiichigo Yonek. & H. Ohashi Potentilla harakurosawae Naruh. &M.Sugim. H. Ohashi a b c