Stomata and water fluxes through plants
|
|
- Tyrone Norton
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Stomata and water fluxes through plants Bill Davies The Lancaster Environment Centre, UK
2 Summary Stomata and responses to the environment Conductance, a function of frequency and aperture Measuring/estimating conductance Mutant stomatal behaviour The transpiration stream Water uptake by roots The development of deficits
3 Mills, L. N. et al. J. Exp. Bot : ; doi: /jxb/erh027 Copyright restrictions may apply.
4 Wet cell surfaces - a problem for plant water retention!
5 Stomatal responses : Short term (minutes to hours) aperture regulation : light temperature increase aperture air humidity water deficit air pollutants (eg. O 3 ) decrease CO 2 partial pressure(p)
6 Stomatal responses to environmental variation Transpiration = conductance (g) x driving force ( vp)
7 Estimating leaf (stomatal) conductance The diffusion porometer Conductance changes with changes in stomatal aperture but also changes in size and frequency of stomata
8 Thermal sensing of stomatal conductance The leaf cools with increasing Evaporation rate
9 Increasing leaf temperature therefore indicates stomatal closure which itself is a good indicator of plant stress So we can use leaf temperature as an indicator of irrigation need 25 stomatal conductance Tleaf 20 15
10 Potential application to irrigation Monitoring for failures in irrigation Cotinus
11 Potential application to irrigation Monitoring for failures in irrigation Automated irrigation control using thermal sensing lavender
12 1.Take images Increasing the efficiency of water use applying less water effectively 2.Identify leaves sun/shade areas) (and 3.Read temperatures 4.Calculate stress index 5.Decide on irrigation (which pots and how much) 6.Apply irrigation
13 Change in stomatal density of 100 plant species with CO 2 enrichment (Woodward & Kelly 1995) % of all species % change in stomatal density Impact of stomatal differentiation on leaf conductance/water loss
14 Mutant stomatal behaviour stomata that don t work Hot Mutants: leaf temperature higher than wt at ambient [CO 2 ], and no significant change in leaf temperature from ambient to elevated CO 2 conditions. N2 and HP5 Cool Mutants: no change in leaf temperature between ambient [CO 2 ] and elevated [CO 2 ] conditions. Some appear cooler then wt at ambient CO 2 concentrations. E26.2, EEA8, MQ1, F, and GV5
15 Mutant EEA8 No response to elevated CO2 assessed with thermal imaging camera Digital images Thermal images: Ambient vs. Elevated [CO 2 ]
16 MQ1(M3) MQ1 Col-0 Ambient vs. Elevated [CO 2 ] Note: leaves are more wilted then wt at low humidity, softer than wt. Plants grows as fast as wt.
17 F (M3) [CO 2 ] 360ppm 1500ppm Col-0 F Note: leaves are wider and more flat than wild type. Grows well.
18
19 The transpiration stream Xylem - mostly up (water, ions, hormones) Phloem - mostly down (carbohydrates, proteins water, amides, amino acids, organic acids, inorganic ions (no Ca, S and Fe), hormones) A range of compounds from the soil Carbon and a range of exudates
20 Vascular development from the tip of each shoot to the tip of each root
21 The Xylem Angiosperms broad leaves most transport through vessels Gymnosperms most transport through tracheids Vessels may be up to 0.3 mm in diameter and may be meters in length (Poiseuille s law -flux proportional to 4th power of the radius) Tracheids - a few tens of microns in diameter and a few mms in length
22 Relationship between vascular development and leaf area - can be problems
23 Measuring the hydraulic properties of plants
24 Hydraulic properties of plants - genotypic variation and functional significance
25 In the leaf, no cell is more than a few cells from a vein ending
26 The driving forces for the movement of water and solutes in the xylem
27 A) Osmotically driven water movement B) Can counteract this with pressure -osmotic pressure C) Excess pressure will drive water flow against an osmotic gradient D) Tension will also drive water flow
28 In the living cell, walls exert pressure, solutes and membranes generate osmotic forces. In the xylem - no membranes, tensions promote flow. A) Turgid cells will lose turgor as water is lost B) Solutes become more concentrated as water is lost C) Water potential = turgor + solute potential D) All water moves along water potential gradients - from high water potential to low water potential
29 Water movement into and out of the cell
30 Wet cell surfaces - a problem for plant water retention!
31 Water is sucked up the plant - the loss of water from the leaves generates a tension in the xylem A water potential gradient from the atmosphere to the leaf to the stem to the root to the soil
32 Drying soil will reduce the water potential in the shoots. In the xylem this is largely a function of increasing tension
33 Cavitation Water columns must be intact for water flux to occur Cohesive and adhesive forces are substantial Run-away cavitation will kill the plant - there is genotypic variation in this property
34
35 Water uptake from the soil Driven by a gradient in water potential Water potential of the soil declines as the soil dries For water to enter, the water potential of the root must be more negative - this means dehydration or solute regulation -unless it is pumped!
36 What is the pathway of radial water movement?
37 Cross section of a monocot root Casparian band
38 Aquaporins - water channels in the membranes Diurnal variation in Lp - is this a function of variation in aquaporin activity? From Clarkson et al. 2000
39 Everything is affected by water deficit!
NOTES: CH 36 - Transport in Plants
NOTES: CH 36 - Transport in Plants Recall that transport across the cell membrane of plant cells occurs by: -diffusion -facilitated diffusion -osmosis (diffusion of water) -active transport (done by transport
More informationCHAPTER TRANSPORT
CHAPTER 2 2.4 TRANSPORT Uptake of CO2 FOCUS: Uptake and transport of water and mineral salts Transport of organic substances Physical forces drive the transport of materials in plants over a range of distances
More informationChapter 36~ Transport in Plants
Chapter 36~ Transport in Plants Structural Features Used for Resource Acquistion Roots and stems to do transport of resources Diffusion, active transport, and bulk flow Work in vascular plants to transport
More informationHormonal and other chemical effects on plant growth and functioning. Bill Davies Lancaster Environment Centre, UK
Hormonal and other chemical effects on plant growth and functioning Bill Davies Lancaster Environment Centre, UK Integrating the impacts of soil drought and atmospheric stress High radiant load Reduced
More informationChapter 35 Regulation and Transport in Plants
Chapter 35 Regulation and Remember what plants need Photosynthesis light reactions Calvin cycle light sun H 2 O ground CO 2 air What structures have plants evolved to supply these needs? Interdependent
More informationOrgans and leaf structure
Organs and leaf structure Different types of tissues are arranged together to form organs. Structure: 2 parts (Petiole and Leaf Blade) Thin flat blade, large surface area Leaves contain all 3 types of
More informationAP Biology. Transport in plants. Chapter 36. Transport in Plants. Transport in plants. Transport in plants. Transport in plants. Transport in plants
Chapter 36. Transport in Plants evaporation, adhesion & cohesion negative pressure evaporation, adhesion & cohesion negative pressure transport in phloem bulk flow Calvin cycle in leaves loads sucrose
More informationTransport in Vascular Plants
Chapter 36 Transport in Vascular Plants PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Seventh Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero Vascular tissue Transports nutrients throughout a plant; such
More informationWater Relations in Viticulture BRIANNA HOGE AND JIM KAMAS
Water Relations in Viticulture BRIANNA HOGE AND JIM KAMAS Overview Introduction Important Concepts for Understanding water Movement through Vines Osmosis Water Potential Cell Expansion and the Acid Growth
More informationTransport in Plants Notes AP Biology Mrs. Laux 3 levels of transport occur in plants: 1. Uptake of water and solutes by individual cells -for
3 levels of transport occur in plants: 1. Uptake of water and solutes by individual cells -for photosynthesis and respiration -ex: absorption of H 2 O /minerals by root hairs 2. Short distance cell-to-cell
More informationTransport in Plants (Ch. 23.5)
Transport in Plants (Ch. 23.5) Transport in plants H 2 O & minerals transport in xylem Transpiration Adhesion, cohesion & Evaporation Sugars transport in phloem bulk flow Gas exchange photosynthesis CO
More informationIntroduction to Plant Transport
Introduction to Plant Transport The algal ancestors of plants were completely immersed in water and dissolved minerals. The adaptation to land involved the differentiation of the plant body into roots,
More informationWater Acquisition and Transport - Whole Plants. 3 possible pathways for water movement across the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum
Water transport across the entire soil-plant-atmosphere continuum Water Acquisition and Transport - Whole Plants 3 possible pathways for water movement across the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum Apoplast
More informationAP Biology Chapter 36
Chapter 36 Chapter 36 Transport in Plants 2006-2007 Transport in plants - Overview H2O & minerals transport in xylem transpiration evaporation, adhesion & cohesion negative pressure Sugars transport in
More informationChapter 36: Transport in Vascular Plants - Pathways for Survival
Chapter 36: Transport in Vascular Plants - Pathways for Survival For vascular plants, the evolutionary journey onto land involved differentiation into roots and shoots Vascular tissue transports nutrients
More informationResource acquisition and transport in vascular plants
Resource acquisition and transport in vascular plants Overview of what a plant does Chapter 36 CO 2 O 2 O 2 and and CO 2 CO 2 O 2 Sugar Light Shoots are optimized to capture light and reduce water loss
More informationTRANSPIRATION. An important regulator of transpiration is the stomatal complex composed of the opening or
BIOL 1134 1 TRANSPIRATION LEARNING OBJECTIVES After completing this exercise, students should be able to: Describe the process of and principles behind transpiration. Describe how stomata, guard cells,
More information! P = -2T/r. Example: calculate! P for r = 1 x 10-6 m and 1 x 10-7 m. About -0.15MPa for 1!m, and -1.5 MPa for 0.1!m.
! P = -2T/r Example: calculate! P for r = 1 x 10-6 m and 1 x 10-7 m. About -0.15MPa for 1!m, and -1.5 MPa for 0.1!m. Getting water from the soil into the plant.! root
More informationExchanging Materials in Plants
Exchanging Materials in Plants 1 of 23 Boardworks Ltd 2012 2 of 23 Boardworks Ltd 2012 3 of 23 Boardworks Ltd 2012 All living things need to exchange materials Plants need to obtain certain materials for
More informationCh. 36 Transport in Vascular Plants
Ch. 36 Transport in Vascular Plants Feb 4 1:32 PM 1 Essential Question: How does a tall tree get the water from its roots to the top of the tree? Feb 4 1:38 PM 2 Shoot architecture and Light Capture: Phyllotaxy
More informationTransport in Plants AP Biology
Transport in Plants 2006-2007 Water & mineral absorption Water absorption from soil osmosis aquaporins Mineral absorption active transport proton pumps active transport of H + aquaporin root hair proton
More informationBIOL 221 Concepts of Botany Water Relations, Osmosis and Transpiration:
BIOL 221 Concepts of Botany Topic 12: Water Relations, Osmosis and Transpiration: A. Water Relations Water plays a critical role in plants. Water is the universal solvent that allows biochemical reactions
More informationTransportation in Plants
Transportation in Plants Bell Ringer - 5 Min Why do you need transportation in living organisms? Explain your answer with a suitable example. Water movement through plants How does water move through a
More informationBIOL 221 Concepts of Botany Spring Water Relations, Osmosis and Transpiration
BIOL 221 Concepts of Botany Spring 2008 Topic 07: Water Relations, Osmosis and Transpiration A. Water Relations Water plays a critical role in plants. Water is the universal solvent that allows biochemical
More informationTransport of substances in plants
Transport of substances in plants We have already looked at why many organisms need transport systems with special reference to surface area and volume. The larger the volume : surface area ratio, the
More informationof water unless it is moving via the symplast Water moves into the xylem for transport up the plant Water that does not cross the
Uptake of water The through Casparian Strip blocks root epidermis by passage osmosis of water unless it is moving via the symplast Water moves into the xylem for transport up the plant Water that does
More informationIntroduction to Plant Transport
Introduction to Plant Transport The algal ancestors of plants were completely immersed in water and dissolved minerals. The adaptation to land involved the differentiation of the plant body into roots,
More informationQuestion 1: What are the factors affecting the rate of diffusion? Diffusion is the passive movement of substances from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. Diffusion of
More informationName AP Biology - Lab 06
LAB 06 Transpiration Objectives: To understand how water moves from roots to leaves in terms of the physical/chemical properties of water and the forces provided by differences in water potential. To test
More informationOCR (A) Biology A-level
OCR (A) Biology A-level Topic 3.3: Transport in plants Notes Plants require a transport system to ensure that all the cells of a plant receive a sufficient amount of nutrients. This is achieved through
More informationResource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants
Chapter 36 Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley
More informationChapter 36. Transport in Vascular Plants
Chapter 36 Transport in Vascular Plants Overview: Pathways for Survival For vascular plants The evolutionary journey onto land involved the differentiation of the plant body into roots and shoots Vascular
More informationPhotosynthesis. Water is one of the raw materials needed for photosynthesis When water is in short supply the rate of photosynthesis is limited
Photosynthesis Water is one of the raw materials needed for photosynthesis When water is in short supply the rate of photosynthesis is limited Support Water is needed to ensure plant cells remain turgid
More informationin angiosperms 10/29/08 Roots take up water via roots Large surface area is needed Roots branch and have root hairs Cortex structure also helps uptake
in angiosperms A. Root System Roots take up water via roots Large surface area is needed Roots branch and have root hairs Cortex structure also helps uptake 1 B. Minerals Nitrogen (NO 3-,NH 4+ ) Potassium
More informationResource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants
Chapter 36 Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley
More informationChapter 21: Plant Structure & Function
Chapter 21: Plant Structure & Function Chapter 21: Plant Structure & Function All organisms must: Take in certain materials, e.g. O 2, food, drink Eliminate other materials, e.g. CO 2, waste products Chapter
More information35 Transport in Plants
Transport in Plants 35 Transport in Plants 35.1 How Do Plants Take Up Water and Solutes? 35.2 How Are Water and Minerals Transported in the Xylem? 35.3 How Do Stomata Control the Loss of Water and the
More informationTransport in Plants. Transport in plants. Transport across Membranes. Water potential 10/9/2016
Transport in Plants Transport in plants How is a plant able to move water and nutrients from roots to the rest of the plant body? Especially tall trees? Sequoia can be over 300 feet tall! Transport across
More informationCHAPTER 32 TRANSPORT IN PLANTS OUTLINE OBJECTIVES
CHAPTER 32 TRANSPORT IN PLANTS OUTLINE I. The traffic of water and solutes occurs on cellular, organ, and whole-plant levels: an overview of transport in plants A. Transport at the Cellular Level B. Short
More informationREVIEW 7: PLANT ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY UNIT. A. Top 10 If you learned anything from this unit, you should have learned:
Period Date REVIEW 7: PLANT ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY UNIT A. Top 10 If you learned anything from this unit, you should have learned: 1. Gas exchange a. structure: stomates b. function: diffusion, supports
More informationIntroduction to Plant Transport
Introduction to Plant Transport The algal ancestors of plants were completely immersed in water and dissolved minerals. What would be the advantages to living on the land? What would be the problems? This
More informationThe three principal organs of seed plants are roots, stems, and leaves.
23 1 Specialized Tissues in Plants Seed Plant Structure The three principal organs of seed plants are roots, stems, and leaves. 1 of 34 23 1 Specialized Tissues in Plants Seed Plant Structure Roots: absorb
More informationAP Biology Transpiration and Stomata
AP Biology Transpiration and Stomata Living things must exchange matter with the environment to survive, Example: Gas Exchange in Plants photosynthesis cellular respiration 1. During which hours does a
More informationDescribe plant meristems. Where are they located? perpetually embryonic cells found at tips of roots and shoots (apical vs.
Which conditions have the higher rate of transpiration? Light or dark: Humid or dry: Breezy or still air: Hot or warm: light (need CO 2 for photosyn.) dry (lower H 2 O potential out) breezy (greater evaporation)
More informationPlant Transport and Nutrition
Plant Transport and Nutrition Chapter 36: Transport in Plants H 2 O & Minerals o Transport in xylem o Transpiration Evaporation, adhesion & cohesion Negative pressure. Sugars o Transport in phloem. o Bulk
More information23 4 Leaves Slide 1 of 32
23 4 Leaves 1 of 32 Leaf Structure The structure of a leaf is optimized for absorbing light and carrying out photosynthesis. 2 of 32 Leaf Structure To collect sunlight, most leaves have thin, flattened
More informationStems and Transport in Vascular Plants. Herbaceous Stems. Herbaceous Dicot Stem 3/12/2012. Chapter 34. Basic Tissues in Herbaceous Stems.
Bud scale Terminal bud Stems and Transport in Plants One year's growth Terminal bud scale scars Axillary bud Leaf scar Node Internode Node Chapter 34 Lenticels Terminal bud scale scars Bundle scars A Woody
More informationPOTASSIUM IN PLANT GROWTH AND YIELD. by Ismail Cakmak Sabanci University Istanbul, Turkey
POTASSIUM IN PLANT GROWTH AND YIELD by Ismail Cakmak Sabanci University Istanbul, Turkey Low K High K High K Low K Low K High K Low K High K Control K Deficiency Cakmak et al., 1994, J. Experimental Bot.
More informationPlant Organs. Roots & Stems
Plant Organs Roots & Stems I. Roots A. F(x)s = grow underground 1. Absorb water & nutrients from soil 2. Anchor plant in the soil 3. Make hormones important for growth & development I. Roots B. Structure
More informationPlant Form & Function Chs 36 &37
Plant Form & Function Chs 36 &37 Focus on Angiosperms Most (97%) angiosperms are in two clades: 05 March 2009 ECOL 182R UofA K. E. Bonine Video 35.2 1 Monocots: one cotyledon Eudicots: two cotyledons Otherclades
More informationTranspiration Lab. Introduction
Transpiration Lab Name Introduction The amount of water needed daily by plants for the growth and maintenance of tissues is small in comparison to the amount that is lost through the process of transpiration
More informationMovement of water and solutes in plants Chapter 4 and 30
Movement of water and solutes in plants Chapter 4 and 30 Molecular Movement Diffusion Molecules or ions moving in the opposite direction = movement against a diffusion gradient. Rates of diffusion are
More informationHomework for Monday: Correct potometer questions Complete transport in plants worksheet
Transport in plants Homework for Monday: Correct potometer questions Complete transport in plants worksheet Transpiration the loss of water from a plant through evaporation Did you know? A 15m maple tree
More informationSave My Exams! The Home of Revision For more awesome GCSE and A level resources, visit us at Transport in plants
Transport in plants Question Paper 1 Level A Level Subject Biology Exam Board OCR Topic Exchange and transport Sub-Topic Transport in plants Booklet Question Paper 1 Time Allowed: 75 minutes Score: / 62
More informationCompartments and Transport. Three Major Pathways of Transport. Absorp+on of Water and Minerals by Root Cells. Bulk flow
Plasmodesmata Channels connec+ng neighboring cells Cell membrane and cytosol are con+nuous from cell to cell Symplast Cytoplasmic con+nuum Apoplast Compartments and Transport Through plasmodesmata con+nuum
More informationBiology. Slide 1 of 32. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Biology 1 of 32 23 4 Leaves 2 of 32 Leaf Structure Leaf Structure How does the structure of a leaf enable it to carry out photosynthesis? 3 of 32 Leaf Structure The structure of a leaf is optimized for
More informationWATER. water in the biosphere. water in the landscape. water in the soil. water in the plant. (Atwell, Kriedemann & Turnbull 1999)
WATER water in the biosphere water in the landscape water in the soil water in the plant (Atwell, Kriedemann & Turnbull 1999) precipitation (P) transpiration (Et) evaporation of intercepted precipitation
More information3. Describe the role played by protein pumps during active transport in plants.
CLASS XI BIOLOGY Transport in Plants 1. What are the factors affecting the rate of diffusion? Answer: Factors affecting the rate of diffusion: 1. Gradient of Concentration 2. Permeability of membrane 3.
More informationRecap. Waxy layer which protects the plant & conserves water. Contains chloroplasts: Specialized for light absorption.
Recap Contains chloroplasts: Specialized for light absorption Waxy layer which protects the plant & conserves water mesophyll Layer contains air spaces: Specialized for gas exchange Vascular Tissue Exchange
More informationBio 102 Chapter 32 Transport in Plants
Bio 102 Chapter 32 Transport in Plants 2006-2007 Passive Water & Mineral Absorption Water absorption from soil OSMOSIS = transport of WATER across cell membrane WATER POTENTIAL determines direction of
More informationIB Bio: Plant Biology. Topic 9
IB Bio: Plant Biology Topic 9 9.1: Transport in xylem How and why does water move up a plant? How do plants conserve water? 9.2: Transport in phloem How and why and where does food move in a plant? 9.3:
More informationChapter 12 & 13 Transport, Soil and Mineral Nutrition
Chapter 12 & 13 Transport, Soil and Mineral Nutrition Topics Methods of transport Xylem transport Phloem transport Soils properties and nutrient absorption Macro and micro essential nutrient elements Too
More informationBiology 1030 Winter 2009
Meeting Tissue Needs II Chapter 36 (738-755) Chapter 37 (756-770) Cellular Currency Plants harvest solar energy Photosynthesis Produces sugars Proteins, nucleic acids, lipids? H 2 O CO 2 Plants cells still
More informationHonors Biology I Ch 29 Plant Structure & Function
3 Basic types of plant cells Honors Biology I Ch 29 Plant Structure & Function 1) Parenchyma cells- loosely packed or cells with a and thin, Involved in metabolic functions 2) Collenchyma cells- thicker
More informationInvestigation 11 Transpiration
Introduction What factors, including environmental variables, affect the rate of transpiration in plants? Background Cells and organisms must exchange matter with the environment to grow, reproduce, and
More informationTransport, Storage and Gas Exchange in Flowering Plants
Sixth Year Biology Transport, Storage and Gas Exchange in Flowering Plants Miss Rochford In this topic: Uptake and transport of: Water and minerals Carbon dioxide Gas exchange Transport of photosynthesis
More informationChapter C3: Multicellular Organisms Plants
Chapter C3: Multicellular Organisms Plants Multicellular Organisms Multicellular organisms have specialized cells of many different types that allow them to grow to a larger size than single-celled organisms.
More informationTranspiration. Interesting Fact:
Transpiration Transpiration is a process that involves loss of water vapour through the stomata of plants. Transpiration is thought to be a 'necessary cost or evil' to allow the plant to absorb water from
More informationChapter 36 Transport in Vascular Plants Lecture Outline
Overview: Pathways for Survival Chapter 36 Transport in Vascular Plants Lecture Outline The algal ancestors of plants obtained water, minerals and CO2 from the water in which they were completely immersed.
More informationTRANSPORT OF MATERIALS IN PLANTS
TRANSPORT OF MATERIALS IN PLANTS Plants require adequate supply of CO2, O2, mineral salts and water for normal growth. Lower plants like algae move materials in and out of their bodies by diffusion and
More informationLaboratory 9: Transpiration
Laboratory 9: Transpiration YOU MUST KNOW The role of water potential and transpiration in the movement of water from roots to leaves. The effects of various environmental conditions on the rate of transpiration.
More informationChapter 23 Notes Roots Stems Leaves
Chapter 23 Notes Roots Stems Leaves I. Specialized tissue in plants - effective way to ensure the plant s survival A. Seed plant structure 1. Roots - a. Absorbs water and dissolves nutrients b. anchors
More informationTransport in Plant (IGCSE Biology Syllabus )
Transport in Plant (IGCSE Biology Syllabus 2016-2018) Plants have transport systems to move food, water and minerals around. These systems use continuous tubes called xylem and phloem: - Xylem vessels
More informationTwo major categories. BIOLOGY 189 Fundamentals of Life Sciences. Spring 2004 Plant Structure and Function. Plant Structure and Function
BIOLOGY 189 Fundamentals of Life Sciences Spring 2004 Plant Structure and Function 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 Examination #1 Class Average: 33/60 for 55% 4 Chapters 31-32 32 2 0 6 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
More informationPlease sit next to a partner. you are an A or a B
Please sit next to a partner you are an A or a B Plants Transport in Vascular Plants Transport Overview Vascular tissue transports nutrients throughout a plant Such transport may occur over long distances
More informationEarth Has a Rich Diversity of Plants. Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport. Angiosperms: Monocots and Dicots. Angiosperms: Dicots
Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport Earth Has a Rich Diversity of Plants There are over 280,000 different plant species organized into four major groups: bryophytes (mosses), seedless vascular plants,
More informationCBSE Quick Revision Notes (Class-11 Biology) CHAPTER-11 TRANSPORT IN PLANTS
CBSE Quick Revision Notes (Class-11 Biology) CHAPTER-11 TRANSPORT IN PLANTS Plant transport various substance like gases, minerals, water, hormones, photosynthetes and organic solutes to short distance
More information1 (a) carbon dioxide / CO 2 ; (aerobic) respiration ; (simple) diffusion ; [3] A excretion I gas exchange
1 (a) carbon dioxide / CO 2 ; (aerobic) respiration ; (simple) diffusion ; [] A excretion I gas exchange (b) water enters by osmosis ; down a water potential gradient / high(er) to low(er) water potential
More informationVOCABULARY LECTURE 5. NUTRIENT TRANSPORT: LONG- DISTANCE TRANSPORT 9/2/2015
LECTURE 5. NUTRIENT TRANSPORT: LONG- DISTANCE TRANSPORT 1. Adherent 2. Sever 3. Immerse 4. Impregnate 5. Twig 6. result from 7. Pits 8. Taper 9. Allow 10. Stick together 11. driving force VOCABULARY 1
More informationSynoptic Biology: Water Potential
Number 225 Synoptic Biology: Water Potential This Factsheet reviews the very wide range of exam questions that test your understanding of water potential. Osmosis: the diffusion of water through a partially
More informationC MPETENC EN I C ES LECT EC UR U E R
LECTURE 7: SUGAR TRANSPORT COMPETENCIES Students, after mastering the materials of Plant Physiology course, should be able to: 1. To explain the pathway of sugar transport in plants 2. To explain the mechanism
More informationChapter 4-2. Transpiration diffusion of water vapor
Chapter 4-2 Transpiration diffusion of water vapor Transpiration diffusion of water vapor Diffusion is primary means of any further movement of the water out of the leaf. That is water movement is controlled
More informationPreview from Notesale.co.uk Page 20 of 34
Page 20 of 34 (i) The role of haemoglobin in transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide To include the reversible binding of oxygen molecules, carbonic anhydrase, haemoglobinic acid, HCO3- and the chloride
More informationRuBP has 5 carbons and is regenerated in the Calvin cycle. In the Calvin cycle, carbon is conserved, ATP is used and NADPH is used.
Carbon Reactions: CO 2 is fixed by Rubisco located in the stroma. The molecule that is carboxylated is RuBP. RuBP has 5 carbons and is regenerated in the Calvin cycle. In the Calvin cycle, carbon is conserved,
More informationcytosol stroma Photorespiration: Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco)
Carbon Reactions: CO 2 is fixed by Rubisco located in the stroma. The molecule that is carboxylated is RuBP. RuBP has 5 carbons and is regenerated in the Calvin cycle. In the Calvin cycle, carbon is conserved,
More informationChapter 29. Table of Contents. Section 1 Plant Cells and Tissues. Section 2 Roots. Section 3 Stems. Section 4 Leaves. Plant Structure and Function
Plant Structure and Function Table of Contents Section 1 Plant Cells and Tissues Section 2 Roots Section 3 Stems Section 4 Leaves Section 1 Plant Cells and Tissues Objectives Describe the three basic types
More informationUnderstanding how vines deal with heat and water deficit
Understanding how vines deal with heat and water deficit Everard Edwards CSIRO AGRICULTURE & FOOD How hot is too hot? Cell death will occur in any vine tissue beyond a threshold (lethal) temperature cell
More informationWater use efficiency in agriculture
Water use efficiency in agriculture Bill Davies The Lancaster Environment Centre, UK Summary Introduction and definitions Impacts of stomata, environment and leaf metabolism on WUE Estimating WUE and modifications
More informationChapter III Inorganic Nutrients of Plants The main teaching content Focus and difficulties Teaching methods Section I water metabolism in plant
Chapter III Inorganic Nutrients of Plants The main teaching content: The importance of water in the plant vital movement, water potential,water transport and distribution in plants, physiological significance
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
54 BIOLOGY, EXEMPLAR PROBLEMS CHAPTER 11 TRANSPORT IN PLANTS MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1. Which of the following statements does not apply to reverse osmosis? a. it is used for water purification. b. In
More informationHow do trees like the California redwoods and the aspens of Alberta get water and minerals from their roots to their leaves way up at the top?
Transport in Plants Have you visited or at least heard about the giant California redwoods? These amazing trees can grow up to 100 m tall! In Alberta, even the trees in the central and north central regions
More informationChapter 30: Plant Nutrition & Transport
Chapter 30: Plant Nutrition & Transport Carnivorous Plants Capture animals to supplement their nutrient intake Venus flytrap lures insects with sugary bait; closes on victim Cobra lily lures insects down
More informationUnit B: Cells and Systems
Unit B: Cells and Systems Topic 4: Fluid Movement in Cells The Cell Membrane A cell membrane allows some to enter or leave the cell, while stopping other substances. It is a selectively membrane. (A permeable
More informationPlant Water Relations: Uptake and Transport (TTPB27) Teaching Guide
Plant Water Relations: Uptake and Transport (TTPB27) Teaching Guide Overview Plants, like all living things, are mostly water. Water is the matrix of life, and its availability determines the distribution
More informationCASE STUDY WATER ABSORPTION AND TRANSPORT IN PLANTS
CASE STUDY WATER ABSORPTION AND TRANSPORT IN PLANTS Presentation of the problem: We need a pump to uplift water to a tank. The requirement of a pump is to pull water against the gravity. Look at the human
More informationNutrition and Transport in Plants Chapter 26. Outline
Nutrition and Transport in Plants Chapter 26 Outline Essential Inorganic Nutrients Soil Formation Soil Profiles Soil Erosion Mineral Uptake Transport Mechanisms Water Organic Nutrients 1 2 Plant Nutrition
More informationBio Factsheet. Transport in Plants. Number 342
Number 342 Transport in Plants This Factsheet: Explains why plants need a transport system Describes what plants transport Describes the tissues which carry out transport Outlines the position of the xylem
More informationPLANT SCIENCE. 9.2 Transport in Angiospermophytes
PLANT SCIENCE 9.2 Transport in Angiospermophytes Support of terrestrial plants Support of terrestrial plants comes through: Thickened cellulose in cell walls Turgor pressure of cells Lignified xylem Xylem
More informationBio 10 Lecture Notes 7: Plant Diversity, Structure and Function SRJC
Physiology study of the adaptations by which organisms function in their environ. 1.) Plants, Tissues and Function Plant types and their evolution Terrestrial plants evolved from aquatic green algae There
More informationTREES. Functions, structure, physiology
TREES Functions, structure, physiology Trees in Agroecosystems - 1 Microclimate effects lower soil temperature alter soil moisture reduce temperature fluctuations Maintain or increase soil fertility biological
More information