THE EFFECTS OF LIGHT ON EELGRASS (ZOSTERA MARINA) GROWTH RATES IN SEQUIM BAY. Allie Simpson
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1 THE EFFECTS OF LIGHT ON EELGRASS (ZOSTERA MARINA) GROWTH RATES IN SEQUIM BAY Allie Simpson
2 Abstract Seagrasses form meadows that provide many ecological services ranging from supplying food and habitat for economically important species to sediment stabilization. Yet, seagrasses are experiencing worldwide decline largely driven by anthropogenic stressors. Increased turbidity is one major stressor contributing in their decline and remains a major concern in seagrass restoration. Seagrasses demand higher levels of light to support their growth and survival than other marine plants such as seaweeds. Here, we focus on the connection between the net primary productivity (NPP) of eelgrass (Zostera marina) populations at Sequim Bay and the corresponding light levels over a two-week growing period at three sites within the bay (Washington Harbor, on the beach, off the laboratory dock). To do so, we measured irradiance and the growth rate to determine approximately how much growth occurred during certain light levels. These results will aid in the management of eelgrass in the Washington Harbor restoration site.
3 EELGRASS
4 SEQUIM BAY
5 Question What is the connection between the net primary productivity (NPP) of eelgrass (Zostera marina) populations at Sequim Bay and the corresponding light levels over a two week growing period?
6 3 quadrats Mark above sheath Left to grow for 2 weeks Photo Credit: Ron Thom MARKING TECHNIQUE
7 Photo Credit: Ron Thom HARVESTING
8 Processing Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4: Step 5: Step 6:
9 Odyssey PAR Light Sensor, LI-COR Spherical Quantum Sensor, HOBO temperature gauge off the south side of the dock Photo Credit: Ron Thom Odyssey PAR Light Sensor in eelgrass meadow next to plots SENSORS
10 Setup Quadrats Temperature Gauge Light Sensor Photo Credit: Ron Thom
11 µmols/m 2 /s Odyssey PAR Light Sensor readings for eelgrass meadow Courtesy of Odyssey Data Logging Software PRELIMINARY RESULTS
12 Eelgrass Meadow Laboratory Dock Time Period Number of days/period Average quadrat shoot density Mean growth (g/shoot/period) Mean growth (g/shoot/day) Mean temperature/period ( C) n/a Minimum temperature/period ( C) n/a Maximum temperature/period ( C) n/a Average daily integrated PAR (mol/m 2 /day) n/a n/a LI-COR (mol/m 2 /day) n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a NPP (g dry wt/m 2 /period) RESULTS
13 What s next Restoration Washington Harbor More light, NPP and temperature data
14 References Orth, R. J., T. J. B. Carruthers, W. C. Dennison, C. M. Duarte, J. W. Fourqurean, K. L. Heck, Jr., A. R. Hughes, G. A. Kendrick, W. J. Kenworthy, S. Olyarnik, F. T. Short, M. Waycott, and S. L. Williams A Global Crisis for Seagrass Ecosystems. BioScience 56: Short, F. T. and S. Wyllie-Echeverria Natural and human-induced disturbance of seagrasses. Environmental Conservation 23: Thom, R. M., A. B. Borde, S. Rumrill, D. L. Woodruff, G. D. Williams, J. A. Southard, and S. L. Sargeant Factors Influencing Spatial and Annual Variability in Eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) Meadows in Willapa Bay, Washington, and Coos Bay, Oregon, Estuaries. Estuaries 26: Thom, R. M., S. L. Southard, A. B. Borde, and P. Stoltz Light Requirements for Growth and Survival of Eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) in Pacific Northwest (USA) Estuaries. Estuaries and Coasts 31: Waycott, M., C. M. Duarte, T. J. Carruthers, R. J. Orth, W. C. Dennison, S. Olyarnik, A. Calladine, J. W. Fourqurean, K. L. Heck, Jr., A. R. Hughes, G. A. Kendrick, W. J. Kenworthy, F. T. Short, and S. L. Williams Accelerating loss of seagrasses across the globe threatens coastal ecosystems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106:
15 Questions? Contact: Allie Simpson
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