(1) a hurricane warning (2) a gale warning (3) a storm watch (4) a storm warning (5) a hurricane watch

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1 Instructor: Prof. Seiberling PHYSICS DEPARTMENT MET 1010 Final Exam December 15, 2003 Name (print, last rst): Signature: On my honor, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid on this examination. YOUR TEST NUMBER IS THE 5-DIGIT NUMBER AT THE TOP OF EACH PAGE. (1) Code your test number on your answer sheet (use 76{80 for the 5-digit number). Code your name on your answer sheet. DARKEN CIRCLES COMPLETELY. Code your UFID number on your answer sheet. (2) Print your name on this sheet and sign it also. (3) Do all scratch work anywhere on this exam that you like. At the end of the test, this exam printout is to be turned in. No credit will be given without both answer sheet and printout with scratch work most questions demand. (4) Blacken the circle of your intended answer completely, using a #2 pencil or blue or black ink. Do not make any stray marks or some answers may be counted as incorrect. (5) The answers are rounded o. Choose the closest to exact. There is no penalty for guessing. (6) Hand in the answer sheet separately. There are 33 multiple choice questions. Clearly circle the one best answer for each question. If more than one answer is marked, no credit will be given for that question, even if one of the marked answers is correct. Guessing an answer is better than leaving it blank. All questions are worth 3 points, except for one question, which is worth 4 points. The 4-point question is clearly indicated. Good Luck! 1. A ag that consists of two red squares, each one having a black square in the middle, represents: (1) a hurricane warning (2) a gale warning (3) a storm watch (4) a storm warning (5) a hurricane watch 2. What type of weather front would be responsible for the following weather forecast: \Increasing high cloudiness and cold this morning. Clouds increasing and lowering this afternoon with a chance of snow or rain tonight. Precipitation ending tomorrow morning. Turning much warmer. Winds light easterly today becoming southeasterly tonight and southwesterly tomorrow." (1) warm front (2) stationary front (3) occluded front (4) cold front (5) \back door" cold front 3. Streamlines on a weather map depict: (1) water temperature (2) wind ow (3) ocean currents (4) dew point (5) pressure 4. Most waterspouts would fall into which category of the Fujita scale? (1) F1 (2) F4 (3) F3 (4) F2 (5) F0 5. What is NOT true about the ITCZ (intertropical convergence zone)? (1) It is located where the trade winds from the northern and southern hemispheres meet. (2) It is associated with rainy, unsettled weather. (3) It is located in a region slightly north or south of the equator, depending on the season. (4) It is a region where the air is generally rising. (5) When it is located at the equator, hurricanes are likely to form.

2 6. A parcel of rising air has a temperature of 20 ± C and a dew point of 12 ± C as it passes an altitude of 1000 m. The surrounding temperature of the atmosphere is 15 ± C at 1000m, with a lapse rate of 5 ± C/1000m above 1000 m. What is likely to happen to the parcel now? (1) it will slow down and begin to fall back to the surface at an elevation of 1200m (2) it will continue upward inde nitely at this lapse rate and reach saturation at 3000m (3) it will continue upwards for another 2000m, reaching saturation at an elevation of 2000m (4) water vapor in the parcel will immediately condense, forming a stratus cloud at 1000m (5) it will continue upwards for another 1000m, at which point it will stall and just reach saturation 7. What type of climate tends to prevail on the windward side of a mountain range near the top of the mountain? (1) sunny and warm (2) hot and dry (3) cool and wet (4) frequent tornadoes (5) cold and dry 8. (4 points) Suppose it is very cold outside and snowing. The air temperature and dew point are both 5 ± F and the saturation vapor pressure is 2 mb. If this air is brought indoors and warmed to 70 ± F, what would the relative humidity of this air be, assuming that its moisture content does not change? (The saturation vapor pressure at 70 ± F is 25 mb). (1) 12.5% (2) 50% (3) 4% (4) 100% (5) 8% 9. The formation of continental glaciers over vast areas of North America is most favorable when Northern Hemisphere summers are and winters are. (1) cool, extremely cold (2) warm, mild (3) warm, extremely cold (4) cool, mild (5) hot, mild 10. In clear weather, the air next to the ground is usually than the air above during the night, and than the air above during the day. (1) warmer, colder (2) colder, colder (3) colder, warmer (4) the same, the same (5) warmer, warmer 11. Which is NOT a factor that might promote hurricane formation? (1) warm water (2) humid air (3) weak upper level winds (4) weak trade wind inversion (5) the ITCZ is displaced south of the equator in the Atlantic Ocean 12. A house is square, and is oriented with the walls facing north, south, east and west. A northerly breeze blows by the house. Which side of the house would have the lowest pressure just outside of the wall? (1) the south side (2) the east and west sides (3) the north side (4) the north and south sides (5) all sides would have the same pressure

3 13. You live in Chile, at latitude 23.5 ± south. Which best describes your day on December 21? (1) The sun rises in the NE, passes directly overhead at noon, then sets in the NW (2) The sun rises in the SE, passes directly overhead at noon, then sets in the SW (3) The sun rises in the NE, passes at 23.5 ± N of straight overhead at noon, then sets in the NW (4) The sun rises exactly E of you, passes directly overhead at noon, then sets directly W of you (5) The sun rises in the SE, passes at 23.5 ± S of straight overhead at noon, then sets in the SW 14. Which statement is NOT true about a land breeze? (1) They are associated with clouds over the water. (2) They occur at night. (3) They are associated with an upper level low over the land (4) They occur when the water is warmer than the land (5) The surface winds are from water to land. 15. The polar front jet stream is located: (1) at the polar front (2) above the polar front at the height of the Tropopause (3) where the Hadley and Ferrel Cells meet (4) south of the subtropical jet stream (5) above the polar front at the height of the top of the Stratosphere 16. In a tropical (or easterly) wave: (1) cloudiness and rain occur mostly on the western side of a trough of low pressure (2) a trough of low pressure has the shape of a ridge of high pressure at mid-latitudes (3) the speed of the wave is generally greater than 100 knots (4) streamlines depict wind ow that is generally westerly (5) pressure gradients are large 17. A wall cloud: (1) occurs on the leading edge of a squall line (2) occurs on the forward edge of a gust front (3) occurs when a mesocyclone extends below a thunderstorm base (4) is a cumulonimbus cloud with a at top (5) is a cumulonimbus cloud with straight vertical sides 18. Which of the following is NOT true? (1) oxygen 16 is concentrated in glaciers during cold periods (2) oxygen 16 and oxygen 18 are found in roughly equal amounts in ocean water (3) oxygen 16 evaporates more readily from the ocean than oxygen 18 (4) both oxygen 16 and oxygen 18 are found in the shells of marine organisms (5) the nucleus of oxygen 18 contains two more neutrons than the nucleus of oxygen 16

4 19. You are standing on a mountaintop at an elevation of 18,000 ft. At this elevation, a column of air above you would contain half as many air molecules as a column of air above you would contain if you were standing at sea level. What is the atmospheric pressure where you are standing on the mountain? (1) 1000mb (2) 1500mb (3) 750mb (4) 500mb (5) 180mb 20. A friend of yours lives on a planet similar to Earth, except the atmospheric pressure at the surface is half that of Earth. How would he experience cooking food by boiling? (1) Things would cook the same as on Earth, because water always boils at 100 ± C (2) Things would cook slower than on Earth, because high pressure has a tenderizing e ect (3) Things would cook slower than on Earth, because the boiling water would be cooler (4) Things would cook faster than on Earth, because the boiling water would be hotter (5) Things would cook faster than on Earth, because the boiling water would be cooler. 21. A tropical storm becomes a hurricane when the winds exceed: (1) 146 knots (169 mph) (2) 64 knots (74 mph) (3) 20 knots (23 mph) (4) 47 knots (54 mph) (5) 88 knots (102 mph) 22. Winds near a surface low pressure system in the Southern Hemisphere will blow: (1) counterclockwise and outward around the low (2) counterclockwise around the low (3) clockwise and outward around the low (4) clockwise and inward around the low (5) clockwise around the low 23. Which of the following is true of the stratosphere? (1) ozone is the most abundant gas (2) it contains most of the weather we are familiar with on earth (3) it has a temperature inversion (4) it is mostly warmer than the lower troposphere (5) the winds are generally calm 24. When a beam of white light passes through a glass prism, it is separated into its component colors. This is called: (1) selective scattering (2) iridescence (3) re ection (4) dispersion (5) di raction 25. Presently, the percent (by volume) of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in the Earth's atmosphere at sea level is about: (1) 4% (2) 375 parts per thousand, or 37.5% (3) 375 parts per million, or 0.038% (4) 70% (5) 21%

5 26. Upwelling occurs along the northern California coast because: (1) of seismic activity on the ocean bottom (2) winds cause surface waters to move away from the coast (3) of larger than normal sh hatches in El Nino years (4) of tidal motions (5) water ows from the Atlantic into the Paci c because they are at slightly di erent levels 27. A vertical pro le of temperature, dew point and winds is called: (1) a thermograph (2) an inversion (3) a radiosonde (4) a sounding (5) an algorithm 28. Evidence suggests that throughout much of the Earth's history, the global climate was: (1) less variable than it is today (2) about the same temperature as it is today (3) warmer than it is today (4) colder than it is today (5) more variable than it is today 29. The sun is visible because of of light in the atmosphere. (1) for a shorter time, refraction (2) for a shorter time, re ection (3) for a longer time, absorption (4) for a longer time, refraction (5) for a longer time, re ection 30. As the air temperature increases, with no addition of water vapor to the air, the dew point will: (1) decrease (2) increase (3) stay equal to the air temperature (4) stay equal to the relative humidity (5) remain the same 31. Forecasting by the analogue method involves: (1) assuming weather systems will continue to move in the same direction and with the same speed as they have been in the recent past (2) recognizing weather features that have occurred before (3) assuming that the weather will not change in the near future (4) predicting the weather based on the climate of the region (5) predicting the weather based on a Prog

6 32. What is NOT true about satellites? (1) They can monitor wind direction, even when there are no clouds. (2) They can monitor hurricane movement. (3) They can distinguish high clouds from low clouds. (4) They can detect water vapor, which is invisible to the eye. (5) They can be placed in an orbit that is stationary above any desired location on Earth. 33. Which of the following is NOT an electromagnetic wave? (1) microwaves (2) infrared radiation (3) blackbody radiation emitted by a rock (4) visible light (5) sound waves