PTYS/ASTR 206 (Sec. 2) Spring 2007 Mid-Term Exam #2: 3/29/07 (Page 1/7) NAME: KEY (C)
|
|
- Claude Harmon
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 PTYS/ASTR 206 (Sec. 2) Spring 2007 Mid-Term Exam #2: 3/29/07 (Page 1/7) NAME: KEY (C) Part 1: Short Answer (please fill out the answers in the space provided; do not mark the scantron sheet!). Short-answer questions are worth 5 pts each. Your answers should be fairly brief and to the point, but also contain enough information to be complete. Please do not give very long narratives this is not an essay! A diagram may be used to clarify your answer. 1. What are three pieces of evidence for water on Mars (either flowing on the surface in the distant past, or as it exists presently). Any three of the following: 1. Closeup images of Mars reveals the compelling visual evidence of dried up river beds 2. Similarly, other show visual evidence of dried-up vast flood plains. 3. Other images show gullies in the walls of craters 4. More direct evidence comes from the fact that the Northern and Southern polar caps have been seen to recede as CO2 sublimtes into the atmosphere, but then stops receding. What remains is water ice, which does not sublimate into the atmosphere at those temperatures 5. Direct evidence came from gamma-ray spectroscopy seen by the GRS instrument on Mars Global Surveyor. 2. What causes aurorae and why is it more likely to observe them at very high northerly (Aurora Borealis) or southerly (Aurora Australis) latitudes compared to lower latitudes, such as Tucson where they are very rare? (Note that there are two parts to this question!) Aurorae are emissions produced by atoms in the upper atmosphere that are excited by high-energy charged particles coming from the magnetosphere. Because the lines of magnetic force run North-South (like the iron filings in a bar magnet), they lead these particles into Earth s poles. Therefore, aurorae are most commonly seen in at high northerly and southerly latitudes, although, occasionally, if the magnetosphere is compressed sufficiently, they can be seen as far south as Tucson. 3. How do we know that sunspots are regions of cooler gas in the solar atmosphere? Sunspots are dark, and, hence, because of the Stefan-Boltzmann law (which states that the total emitted flux or brightness depends on the temperature as F=σT 4 ), the gas there must be cooler. Please write below this line only if absolutely necessary (Over for two more questions)
2 PTYS/ASTR 206 (Sec. 2) Spring 2007 Mid-Term Exam #2: 3/29/07 (Page 2/7) 4. Briefly, how did the Moon form, according to a popular theory? Name two aspects of the Moon s known composition that this theory explains. The Moon is thought to have formed when a large Mars-sized object collided with Earth shortly after Earth formed, and was differentiated. This collision tore off a large piece of Earth that eventually collected under its own gravity to form the Moon. This theory explains why the Moon is (a) composed mostly of material that is similar to the mantle of the Earth, but (b) has very little iron. 5. Describe the greenhouse effect in a planetary atmosphere. Include in your description the names (or molecular symbols) of two (not more) greenhouse gasses and what they do. The greenhouse effect occurs when a planet s atmosphere contains certain gasses that make the atmosphere act as a thermal blanket. Incident solar radiation, accounting for most of the heating of Earth s surface peaks in the visible part of the spectrum. Radiation emitted by Earth s surface peaks in the infrared part of the spectrum which is absorbed by greenhouse gasses (such as CO 2 and H 2 0) in the atmosphere and cannot escape directly. Because of the absorption of Earth s emitted energy by these gasses, the resulting atmospheric temperature equilibrium occurs at a higher temperature than if these gasses were not present in the atmosphere. Please write below this line only if absolutely necessary
3 PTYS/ASTR 206 (Sec. 2) Spring 2007 Mid-Term Exam #2: 3/29/07 (Page 3/7) Part 2: Multiple Choice Mark the appropriate answer in the appropriate place (i.e. in numbers 1-32) on the scantron sheet. Use a number 2 pencil. Be sure to write your name and fill in the ovals, in the upper left. Multiple-choice questions are worth 2-½ pts each. Two extra-credit questions are the end. 1. On Mars, which of the following have NOT been seen or detected? A) dust storms and dust devils B) thin, wispy clouds C) water ice D) active volcanoes 2. Why are there very few impact craters on the surface of Venus compared to the surfaces of Mercury and Mars? A) ancient oceans washed away all the craters formed during the early bombardment phase. B) immense lava flows have covered up all but the younger craters. C) Venus s surface does not get impacted as often as these other worlds because of its thick atmosphere which burns up nearly all asteroids coming through it D) wind erosion from its dense atmosphere and chemical action from its corrosive clouds have destroyed most craters. 3. Which solar-system body below has never had a spacecraft from Earth land on its surface? A) The Moon B) Venus C) Mercury D) Mars 4. What is the most important factor in determining how active a planet or moon s interior is likely to be, and how long it is likely to stay active? A) The object s distance from the Sun. B) The object s size C) The object s composition. D) the amount of radioactive material in the vicinity 5. The deepest diamond mines go over a km into the Earth. It is found to be very hot there. What is primary source of this heat? A) Radioactive decay of elements within Earth s interior, and residual heat after formation B) Absorption of solar energy C) Tidal forces from the Moon D) Electrically conducting currents within Earth s interior 6. What are the polar caps on Mars primarily composed of? A) only water ice B) a mixture of methane, ammonia, and water ices, whose relative abundances vary with the seasons. C) only carbon-doxide ice D) carbon-dioxide ice overlying thicker water ice. 7. What is thought to cause the drifting of Earth s continents on plates? A) Earthquakes B) Precession of the Earth s spin axis C) Tidal forces from the Moon and Sun acting on the continental plates D) Large-scale circulation of partly molten or plastic rock in Earth's interior
4 PTYS/ASTR 206 (Sec. 2) Spring 2007 Mid-Term Exam #2: 3/29/07 (Page 4/7) 8. Which of the following best describes the rotation of Venus on its axis? A) Rapid and retrograde (backward, or opposite to its motion around the Sun) B) Rapid and prograde (forward, or in the same direction as its motion around the Sun) C) Slow and retrograde D) Slow and prograde 9. What is HiRISE? A) A telescope onboard Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter imaging the planet at unprecedented resolution B) A future mission to land on Mars and analyze samples in its polar regions C) A proof-of-concept mission that landed on Mars in 1997 and took several images of the planet and also had a small rover that analyzed the soil D) The spectrometer onboard the spacecraft Mars Global Surveyor that confirmed the existence of remnant magnetic fields on Mars 10. Suppose that astronomers discover a terrestrial-like extrasolar planet that is both very large (and massive), and fairly far away from its parent star. What do you think can be said about this planet? A) It is probably heavily cratered B) It is likely to have an atmosphere C) It probably does not have a magnetic field D) It is probably rotating in retrograde 11. The best evidence that an impact caused the extinction of the dinosaurs is A) At the layer in the fossil record where dinosaurs disappear, there is a large amount of the element iridium, which is common in asteroids, but rare on Earth. B) A large crater has been found which has the broken bones of many dinosaurs inside it. C) Many fist-sized fragments of an asteroid have been found intermingled with the last evidence of dinosaurs in the fossil record. D) Ancient humans recorded the event by making markings on cave walls 12. The temperature of the corona of the Sun A) is about the same as that of the photosphere, 5800 K. B) is about twice as hot as the photosphere, 12,000 K. C) is very cool, because it is farthest from the heat source. D) is very hot about 10 6 K. 13. Which of the following is the brightest as seen from Earth? A) A sunspot B) Venus C) Mercury D) The Moon 14. Thermonuclear fusion reactions in the core of the Sun convert four hydrogen nuclei into one helium nucleus. The helium nucleus has A) less mass than the four hydrogen nuclei, the lost mass becoming energy in an amount given by E = mc 2. B) the same mass as the four hydrogen nuclei, because the mass of any product has to equal the mass of the sum of its parts by the law of conservation of matter. C) an undetermined amount of mass that depends on the temperature at which the reaction occurs D) more mass than the four hydrogen nuclei, because energy is produced in the reaction, and this energy adds the extra mass, m = E/c 2.
5 PTYS/ASTR 206 (Sec. 2) Spring 2007 Mid-Term Exam #2: 3/29/07 (Page 5/7) 15. Why is the planet Mercury so hard to see with the unaided eye? A) it remains close to the Sun in its orbit and is seen in a dark sky only close to the horizon at sunrise or sunset. B) it orbits around the Sun rapidly and moves across our sky very quickly. C) it is a very small object which orbits a long way from the Sun, thereby reflecting very little light back to Earth. D) because of its unusual spin-orbit ratio, when it is at opposition, it is very low in the sky 16. What is principal constituent of the atmosphere of Venus? A) Sulfuric acid B) Methane C) Carbon Dioxide D) Nitrogen 17. Which of the planets best fits the following description: "cool solid surface with an atmosphere of N 2 and O 2 and H 2 O clouds"? A) Mercury B) Mars C) Venus D) Earth 18. About how long is a day on the moon (i.e. the time between two successive sunrises, or sunsets)? A) infinitely long because the Moon does not rotate on its axis B) 1 day, because it always keeps the same side pointing towards Earth C) about 30 days D) about 1 year 19. Which of the terrestrial worlds below are NOT believed to contain at least some water in the form of ice? A) Mercury B) Venus C) The Moon D) Mars 20. Which of the planets fits the following description: "a solid, cool surface, with occasional dust clouds and a thin CO 2 atmosphere"? A) Venus B) Mars C) Mercury D) Earth 21. Mercury appears from spacecraft photographs to resemble the Moon in its surface features. One important difference between these planetary bodies is A) the presence of a measurable and significant atmosphere and clouds on Mercury. B) evidence of active volcanoes on Mercury. C) the presence of extensive plains between craters on Mercury in contrast to the surface of the Moon. D) Mercury's retrograde direction of spin compared to the Moon and most other planets and moons.
6 PTYS/ASTR 206 (Sec. 2) Spring 2007 Mid-Term Exam #2: 3/29/07 (Page 6/7) 22. Mars is best viewed from Earth when it is at opposition. What will be the time interval between two such favorable viewing times? A) 2 synodic periods of Mars, because after every alternate synodic period, Mars will be on the other side of the Sun from Earth. B) 1 sidereal period C) 1 Earth year, the interval between two times when Earth is at a particular position in its orbit. D) 1 synodic period 23. A very brief and intense eruption of hot ionized gas from a sunspot group leading to a short flash of x-rays is a characteristic of A) solar flares B) coronal mass ejections C) the solar wind D) solar neutrinos 24. An ideal steady terrestrial atmosphere is said to be in hydrostatic equilibrium. What does this mean? A) The upward pressure gradient of the atmosphere is balanced by the magnetic force directed downward B) The downward pressure gradient of the atmosphere is balanced by upward heat. C) Incoming solar energy is balanced by the planet s internal energy directed outwards D) The upward pressure gradient of the atmosphere is balanced by downward-directed gravity. 25. During solar maximum, the most dangerous and difficult to shield direct threat to astronauts in space are: A) intense solar magnetic fields B) high-speed solar wind streams C) high fluxes of solar energetic particles accelerated by coronal mass ejections and solar flares D) intense heat from the Sun 26. Only recently has it become known that craters on terrestrial planets are caused by impacts from asteroids and comets. What piece of evidence has led to this realization? A) The discovery of the asteroid belt and many near-earth objects B) The discovery of meteorites inside craters C) The discovery of features in certain quartz crystals that differ from normal quartz, caused by extreme pressures from the impact-induced shock wave. D) The observation of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 striking Jupiter in Lunar maria are A) large impact craters in-filled by lava B) ancient lake beds, now dry. C) uplifted regions surrounding large shield volcanoes D) heavily cratered highland regions 28. When the solar photosphere is seen with a high-resolution instrument, it is found that there are lightcolored regions surrounded by dark boundaries in a cellular pattern. What are these? A) The cells are regions of nuclear energy generation in the Sun's photosphere. B) The cells are the bases of cyclonic-like circulation patterns that extend from the photosphere to the outer corona. C) Each cell is a region of intense magnetic field that compresses and heats the gas within it D) The cells are the tops of rising blobs of hot gas in the Sun's convective interior
7 PTYS/ASTR 206 (Sec. 2) Spring 2007 Mid-Term Exam #2: 3/29/07 (Page 7/7) 29. Earth's magnetosphere is the A) molten core, whose motions produce the magnetic field. B) region beyond the atmosphere, where the magnetic field protects us from solar wind. C) atmospheric layer between the stratosphere and thermosphere D) the region around industrialized nations having numerous large electrical plants 30. Which two terrestrial planets have no known moons? A) Mars and Mercury B) Mercury and Venus C) Mars and Venus D) Venus and Earth 31. (2-½ pts extra credit). Which statement below about the solar cycle is NOT true? A) The Sun is slightly brighter during solar maximum compared to solar minimum. B) The number of sunspots is greater during solar maximum compared to solar minimum. C) There are more solar neutrinos detected at Earth during solar maximum compared to solar minimum. D) There are fewer galactic cosmic rays arriving at Earth during solar maximum compared to solar minimum 32. (2-½ pts extra credit). On Earth (and in the past, on Mars), volcanoes have been vital for keeping the planet warm. This is because A) heat conducted from the molten mantle to the surface near volcanoes, where the crust is thin, is a major heat source for the atmosphere. B) heat released along the major rift zones is the biggest source of heating for the atmosphere. C) direct heat input by underwater volcanoes keeps the oceans from freezing. D) they have replenished the CO 2 (a greenhouse gas) that is washed out of the atmosphere by rain.
PTYS/ASTR Section 2 - Spring 2007 Practice Exam 2
PTYS/ASTR 206 - Section 2 - Spring 2007 Practice Exam 2 Note: The exam is scheduled for Thursday, March 29, 2007. It will be held in-class; you will have 75 minutes to finish the exam, though many of you
More informationChapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds
Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds What is an atmosphere? 10.1 Atmospheric Basics Our goals for learning:! What is an atmosphere?! How does the greenhouse effect warm
More informationThe Cosmic Perspective Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds
Chapter 10 Lecture The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds 10.1 Atmospheric Basics
More informationJupiter. Jupiter is the third-brightest object in the night sky (after the Moon and Venus). Exploration by Spacecrafts
Jupiter Orbit, Rotation Physical Properties Atmosphere, surface Interior Magnetosphere Moons (Voyager 1) Jupiter is the third-brightest object in the night sky (after the Moon and Venus). Exploration by
More informationChapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds. What is an atmosphere? Earth s Atmosphere. Atmospheric Pressure
Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds 10.1 Atmospheric Basics Our goals for learning What is an atmosphere? How does the greenhouse effect warm a planet? Why do atmospheric
More informationChapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds
Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds 10.1 Atmospheric Basics Our goals for learning What is an atmosphere? How does the greenhouse effect warm a planet? Why do atmospheric
More informationAstro 1010 Planetary Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 4
Astro 1010 Planetary Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 4 Chapter 8 1. Which of the following processes is not important in shaping the surface of terrestrial planets? a) Impact cratering b) Tectonism
More informationGeneral Comments about the Atmospheres of Terrestrial Planets
General Comments about the Atmospheres of Terrestrial Planets Mercury Very little atmosphere Contents: vaporized micrometeorites, solar wind Sky is black Venus Very thick (10% density of water), dense
More informationOutline. Planetary Atmospheres. General Comments about the Atmospheres of Terrestrial Planets. General Comments, continued
Outline Planetary Atmospheres Chapter 10 General comments about terrestrial planet atmospheres Atmospheric structure & the generic atmosphere Greenhouse effect Magnetosphere & the aurora Weather & climate
More informationChapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds. What is an atmosphere? Planetary Atmospheres
Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds What is an atmosphere? Planetary Atmospheres Pressure Composition Greenhouse effect Atmospheric structure Color of the sky 1 Atmospheres
More informationChapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds
Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds 10.1 Atmospheric Basics Our goals for learning: What is an atmosphere? How does the greenhouse effect warm a planet? Why do atmospheric
More information3. Titan is a moon that orbits A) Jupiter B) Mars C) Saturn D) Neptune E) Uranus
Fall 2013 Astronomy - Test 2 Test form A Name Do not forget to write your name and fill in the bubbles with your student number, and fill in test form A on the answer sheet. Write your name above as well.
More informationLesson 3 THE SOLAR SYSTEM
Lesson 3 THE SOLAR SYSTEM THE NATURE OF THE SUN At the center of our solar system is the Sun which is a typical medium sized star. Composed mainly of Hydrogen (73% by mass), 23% helium and the rest is
More information2. Terrestrial Planet G 9. Coulomb Force C 16. Babcock model Q. 3. Continuous Spectrum K 10. Large-impact hypothesis I 17.
Astronomy 1 S 16 Exam 1 Name Identify terms Label each term with the appropriate letter of a definition listed 1. Spectral line R 8. Albedo H 15. helioseismology E 2. Terrestrial Planet G 9. Coulomb Force
More informationExplain how the sun converts matter into energy in its core. Describe the three layers of the sun s atmosphere.
Chapter 29 and 30 Explain how the sun converts matter into energy in its core. Describe the three layers of the sun s atmosphere. Explain how sunspots are related to powerful magnetic fields on the sun.
More informationThe Cosmic Perspective Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds
Chapter 10 Lecture The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial
More informationChapter 17: Mercury, Venus and Mars
Chapter 17: Mercury, Venus and Mars Mercury Very similar to Earth s moon in several ways: Small; no atmosphere lowlands flooded by ancient lava flows heavily cratered surfaces Most of our knowledge based
More informationMercury and Venus 3/20/07
Announcements Reading Assignment Chapter 13 4 th Homework due today Quiz on Thursday (3/22) Will cover all material since the last exam. This is Chapters 9-12 and the part of 13 covered in the lecture
More informationMars s atmosphere. continued. Dust devil on as seen by rover Spirit 3/27/07
Mars continued Mars s atmosphere Dust devil on as seen by rover Spirit Announcements Reading Assignment for 1 st lecture after the exam Chapter 14 All previous assignments have been graded and handed back
More informationAstronomy 1140 Quiz 3 Review
Astronomy 1140 Quiz 3 Review Anil Pradhan October 27, 2017 I The Inner Planets 1. What are the terrestrial planets? What do they have in common? Terrestrial planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars. Theses
More information3. The moon with the most substantial atmosphere in the Solar System is A) Iapetus B) Io C) Titan D) Triton E) Europa
Spring 2013 Astronomy - Test 2 Test form A Name Do not forget to write your name and fill in the bubbles with your student number, and fill in test form A on the answer sheet. Write your name above as
More informationAstronomy 1140 Quiz 3 Review
Astronomy 1140 Quiz 3 Review Anil Pradhan October 26, 2016 I The Inner Planets 1. What are the terrestrial planets? What do they have in common? Terrestrial planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars. Theses
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
ASTRO 102/104 Prelim 2 Name Section MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) This is version E of the exam. Please fill in (E). A) This
More informationChapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds. What is an atmosphere? About 10 km thick
Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds What is an atmosphere? Sources of Gas Losses of Gas Thermal Escape Earth s Atmosphere About 10 km thick Consists mostly of molecular
More informationStarting from closest to the Sun, name the orbiting planets in order.
Chapter 9 Section 1: Our Solar System Solar System: The solar system includes the sun, planets and many smaller structures. A planet and its moon(s) make up smaller systems in the solar system. Scientist
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
ASTRO 102/104 Prelim 2 Name Section MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) This is version B of the exam. Please fill in (B). A) This
More informationHNRS 227 Fall 2006 Chapter 13. What is Pluto? What is a Planet? There are two broad categories of planets: Terrestrial and Jovian
Key Points of Chapter 13 HNRS 227 Fall 2006 Chapter 13 The Solar System presented by Prof. Geller 24 October 2006 Planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune Dwarf Planets Pluto,
More informationWhat are terrestrial planets like on the inside? Chapter 9 Planetary Geology: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds. Seismic Waves.
Chapter 9 Planetary Geology: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds What are terrestrial planets like on the inside? Seismic Waves Vibrations that travel through Earth s interior tell us what Earth is
More informationThe Jovian Planets (Gas Giants)
The Jovian Planets (Gas Giants) Discoveries and known to ancient astronomers. discovered in 1781 by Sir William Herschel (England). discovered in 1845 by Johann Galle (Germany). Predicted to exist by John
More informationToday. Events. Terrestrial Planet Atmospheres (continued) Homework DUE. Review next time? Exam next week
Today Terrestrial Planet Atmospheres (continued) Events Homework DUE Review next time? Exam next week Planetary Temperature A planet's surface temperature is determined by the balance between energy from
More information9. Moon, Mercury, Venus
9. Moon, Mercury, Venus All the heavier elements were manufactured by stars later, either by thermonuclear fusion reactions deep in their interiors or by the violent explosions that mark the end of massive
More informationFINAL EXAM (practice) ASTR Spring 2008 Instructor: Joel E. Tohline. 1. How many (real) planets are there in the solar system?
FINAL EXAM (practice) ASTR 1101-001 Spring 2008 Instructor: Joel E. Tohline Chapters 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13 (Galilean satellites only) 1. How many (real) planets are there in the solar system? 2. Which is
More informationVenus Earth s Sister Planet
Venus Earth s Sister Planet 9 9.1 Orbital Properties 3rd brightest object in the sky, after Sun and Moon. Can even be seen in broad daylight Often called the morning star or the evening star, as it is
More informationAstronomy 103: First Exam
Name: Astronomy 103: First Exam Stephen Lepp October 27, 2010 Each question is worth 2 points. Write your name on this exam and on the scantron. 1 Short Answer A. What is the largest of the terrestrial
More informationLecture #11: Plan. Terrestrial Planets (cont d) Jovian Planets
Lecture #11: Plan Terrestrial Planets (cont d) Jovian Planets Mercury (review) Density = 5.4 kg / liter.. ~ Earth s Rocky mantle + iron/nickel core Slow spin: 59 days (orbital period = 88 days) No satellites
More informationThe Sun. How are these quantities measured? Properties of the Sun. Chapter 14
The Sun Chapter 14 The Role of the Sun in the Solar System > 99.9% of the mass Its mass is responsible for the orderly orbits of the planets Its heat is responsible for warming the planets It is the source
More information2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres: Mars, Venus, Earth What is an atmosphere? An atmosphere is a (usually very thin) layer of gas that surrounds a world. How does the greenhouse effect warm a planet? No
More informationThe Sun sends the Earth:
The Sun sends the Earth: Solar Radiation - peak wavelength.visible light - Travels at the speed of light..takes 8 minutes to reach Earth Solar Wind, Solar flares, and Coronal Mass Ejections of Plasma (ionized
More informationStellar Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 3
Stellar Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 3 Chapter 7 1. A protostar is formed by a) the rapid expansion of gas from an exploding star. b) the gravitational collapse of a rotating interstellar cloud.
More informationDescriptive Astronomy (ASTR 108) Exam 2A March 29, 2010
Descriptive Astronomy (ASTR 108) Exam 2A March 29, 2010 Name: In each of the following multiple choice questions, select the best possible answer. First circle the answer on this exam, then in the line
More informationChapter: The Earth-Moon-Sun System
Chapter 7 Table of Contents Chapter: The Earth-Moon-Sun System Section 1: Earth in Space Section 2: Time and Seasons Section 3: Earth s Moon 1 Earth in Space Earth s Size and Shape Ancient Measurements
More informationThe Solar System. Sun. Rotates and revolves around the Milky Way galaxy at such a slow pace that we do not notice any effects.
The Solar System Sun Center of the solar system About 150,000,000 km from the Earth An averaged sized, yellow star Spherical in shape due to gravity Made of about ¾ hydrogen and ¼ helium, both of which
More informationStudent Instruction Sheet: Unit 4 Lesson 3. Sun
Student Instruction Sheet: Unit 4 Lesson 3 Suggested time: 1.25 Hours What s important in this lesson: Sun demonstrate an understanding of the structure, and nature of our solar system investigate the
More information1/3/12. Chapter: The Earth-Moon-Sun System. Ancient Measurements. Earth s Size and Shape. Ancient Measurements. Ancient Measurements
// Table of Contents Chapter: The Earth-Moon-Sun System Section : Chapter 7 Section : Section : Earth s Size and Shape Ancient Measurements First, no matter where you are on Earth, objects fall straight
More informationShape and Size of the Earth
Planet Earth Shape and Size of the Earth Gravity is what gives Earth its spherical shape Only effective if the body is of a critical size Critical radius is about 350 km Shape and Size of the Earth Earth
More informationEarth. Interior Crust Hydrosphere Atmosphere Magnetosphere Tides
Earth Interior Crust Hydrosphere Atmosphere Magnetosphere Tides Semi-major Axis 1 A.U. Inclination 0 Orbital period 1.000 tropical year Orbital eccentricity 0.017 Rotational period 23 h 56 min 4.1 s Tilt
More informationInner Planets (Part II)
Inner Planets (Part II) Sept. 18, 2002 1) Atmospheres 2) Greenhouse Effect 3) Mercury 4) Venus 5) Mars 6) Moon Announcements Due to technical difficulties, Monday s quiz doesn t count An extra credit problem
More informationThe Solar System 6/23
6/23 The Solar System I. Earth A. Earth is the prototype terrestrial planet 1. Only planet in the solar system (we know of so far) with life 2. Temperature 290 K B. Physical Characteristics 1. Mass: 6
More information9-1 The Sun s energy is generated by thermonuclear reactions in its core The Sun s luminosity is the amount of energy emitted each second and is
1 9-1 The Sun s energy is generated by thermonuclear reactions in its core The Sun s luminosity is the amount of energy emitted each second and is produced by the proton-proton chain in which four hydrogen
More informationEarth s Atmosphere About 10 km thick
10.1 Atmospheric Basics Our goals for learning: What is an atmosphere? How does the greenhouse effect warm a planet? Why do atmospheric properties vary with altitude? Earth s Atmosphere About 10 km thick
More informationASTR 2020, Spring 2018
ASTR 2020, Spring 2018 Last Name First Name Professor Jack Burns Exam #3 April 27, 2018 Student ID Number A INSTRUCTIONS: Closed books, one page (2 sides) of notes allowed, calculators may be used, strictly
More informationDistance of Mercury to the Sun or the Orbital Radius
Distance of Mercury to the Sun or the Orbital Radius The minimum distance from the Sun to Mercury is about 45866304 kilometers and the maximum distance is about 70006464 kilometers. Space Station One Day
More informationASTRO 120 Sample Exam
ASTRO 120 Sample Exam 1) If a planet has a reasonably strong magnetic field, we know that a. It is made entirely of iron b. There is liquid nitrogen below the surface c. It can harbor life d. It has a
More informationChapter 23. Our Solar System
Chapter 23 Our Solar System Our Solar System 1 Historical Astronomy Wandering Stars Greeks watched the stars move across the sky and noticed five stars that wandered around and did not follow the paths
More informationNext opportunity to observe the Moon and Venus close together: Dec. 31, Announcements
Announcements Last OWL homework: due 12/15 before midnight Study guide for final exam is up on the class webpage Practice exam up Thursday afternoon Final exam: Monday, Dec. 15, 10:30 AM, Hasbrouck 20
More informationA Look at Our Solar System: The Sun, the planets and more. by Firdevs Duru
A Look at Our Solar System: The Sun, the planets and more by Firdevs Duru Week 1 An overview of our place in the universe An overview of our solar system History of the astronomy Physics of motion of the
More informationThe Curious Tale of Asteroid Hermes
Base your answers to questions 1 through 4 on the passage and diagram below. The diagram shows the orbits of the four inner planets and the asteroid Hermes around the Sun. Point A represents a position
More informationTerrestrial Planets: The Earth as a Planet
Terrestrial Planets: The Earth as a Planet In today s class, we want to look at those characteristics of the Earth that are also important in our understanding of the other terrestrial planets. This is
More informationTerrestrial Atmospheres
Terrestrial Atmospheres Why Is There Air? An atmosphere is a layer of gas trapped by the gravity of a planet or moon. Here s Earth s atmosphere viewed from orbit: Why Is There Air? If atoms move faster
More informationChapter 3 The Solar System
Name: Date: Period: Chapter 3 The Solar System Section 1 Observing the Solar System (pp. 72-77) Key Concepts What are the geocentric and heliocentric systems? How did Copernicus, Galileo, and Kepler contribute
More informationEdmonds Community College ASTRONOMY 100 Sample Test #2 Fall Quarter 2006
Edmonds Community College ASTRONOMY 100 Sample Test #2 Fall Quarter 2006 Instructor: L. M. Khandro 10/19/06 Please Note: the following test derives from a course and text that covers the entire topic of
More informationAstronomy Ch. 11 Jupiter. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Name: Period: Date: Astronomy Ch. 11 Jupiter MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Jupiter is noticeably oblate because: A) it has a
More informationASTR-101 Section 004 Lecture 9 Rare Earth? John T. McGraw, Professor
ASTR-101 Section 004 Lecture 9 Rare Earth? John T. McGraw, Professor Rare Earth Long-lived sun Rocky world C, O, Si, materials for soil, tools and subsistence Near circular orbit Not too warm not too cold
More informationAT 350 EXAM #1 February 21, 2008
This exam covers Ahrens Chapters 1 and 2, plus related lecture notes Write the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. b_ 1. The Earth s atmosphere is currently
More informationGreeks watched the stars move across the sky and noticed five stars that wandered around and did not follow the paths of the normal stars.
Chapter 23 Our Solar System Our Solar System Historical Astronomy Wandering Stars Greeks watched the stars move across the sky and noticed five stars that wandered around and did not follow the paths of
More informationJovian Planet Systems
Jovian Planet Systems Reading: Chapter 14.1-14.5 Jovian Planet Systems Voyager 1 and 2 explored the outer planets in the 1970s and 1980s. The Galileo spacecraft circled Jupiter dozens of times in the late
More informationPlanet Earth. Our Home APOD
Planet Earth Our Home APOD 1 Earth a highly evolved planet = altered dramatically since formation, due to flow of energy from interior to surface 2 Planet Earth Facts diameter (equator) 12,756 km radius
More informationThe Inner Planets. Chapter 3 Lesson 1. Pages Workbook pages 51-52
The Inner Planets Chapter 3 Lesson 1 Pages 152-159 Workbook pages 51-52 Create the Foldable on pg 159 The solar The planets system The four inner planets Compare and Contrast Question What are planets?
More informationFCAT Review Space Science
FCAT Review Space Science The Law of Universal Gravitation The law of universal gravitation states that ALL matter in the universe attracts each other. Gravity is greatly impacted by both mass and distance
More informationThe Solar System. Earth as a Planet
The Solar System Earth as a Planet Earth s Interior Core: Highest density; nickel and iron Mantle: Moderate density; silicon, oxygen, etc. Crust: Lowest density; granite, basalt, etc. Differentiation Gravity
More informationInner and Outer Planets
Inner and Outer Planets SPI 0607.6.2 Explain how the relative distance of objects from the earth affects how they appear. Inner Planets Terrestrial planets are those that are closest to the Sun. Terrestrial
More informationWhich of the following statements best describes the general pattern of composition among the four jovian
Part A Which of the following statements best describes the general pattern of composition among the four jovian planets? Hint A.1 Major categories of ingredients in planetary composition The following
More informationGrades 9-12: Earth Sciences
Grades 9-12: Earth Sciences Earth Sciences...1 Earth s Place in the Universe...1 Dynamic Earth Processes...2 Energy in the Earth System...2 Biogeochemical cycles...4 Structure and Composition of the Atmosphere...4
More informationPlanetary Temperatures
Planetary Temperatures How does Sunlight heat a planet with no atmosphere? This is similar to our dust grain heating problem First pass: Consider a planet of radius a at a distance R from a star of luminosity
More informationFormation of the Universe The organization of Space
February 21, 2014 Formation of the Universe The organization of Space Theory: A theory is An example is cell Cell Theory Cell Theory states 1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells 2.
More informationThe Official CA State Science Education Standards for Earth Science K 8
The Official CA State Science Education Standards for Earth Science K 8 Kindergarten The Earth is composed of land, air and water. As a basis for understanding this concept, students know: a. characteristics
More informationOverview of Solar System
Overview of Solar System The solar system is a disk Rotation of sun, orbits of planets all in same direction. Most planets rotate in this same sense. (Venus, Uranus, Pluto are exceptions). Angular momentum
More informationJupiter and its Moons
Jupiter and its Moons Summary 1. At an average distance of over 5 AU, Jupiter takes nearly 12 years to orbit the Sun 2. Jupiter is by far the largest and most massive planet in the solar system being over
More informationThe Solar System. Tour of the Solar System
The Solar System Tour of the Solar System The Sun more later 8 planets Mercury Venus Earth more later Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Various other objects Asteroids Comets Pluto The Terrestrial Planets
More informationAstronomy 1001/1005 Midterm (200 points) Name:
Astronomy 1001/1005 Midterm (00 points) Name: Instructions: Mark your answers on this test AND your bubble sheet You will NOT get your bubble sheet back One page of notes and calculators are allowed Use
More informationASTRONOMY CURRICULUM Unit 1: Introduction to Astronomy
Chariho Regional School District - Science Curriculum September, 2016 ASTRONOMY CURRICULUM Unit 1: Introduction to Astronomy OVERVIEW Summary Students will be introduced to the overarching concept of astronomy.
More informationIX. Dwarf Planets A. A planet is defined to be an object that is large enough to coalesce into a sphere and to have cleared its orbit of other
7/1 VII. VIII. Uranus A. Gas Giant 1. Rings but not visible 2. HUGE axial tilt 97! 3. Mostly hydrogen and helium 4. Medium rotation rate 5. Cold 55 K at the cloud tops B. Physical characteristics 1. Mass:
More informationEdmonds Community College Astronomy 100 Winter Quarter 2007 Sample Exam # 2
Edmonds Community College Astronomy 100 Winter Quarter 2007 Sample Exam # 2 Instructor: L. M. Khandro 1. Relatively speaking, objects with high temperatures emit their peak radiation in short wavelengths
More informationName. Physical Science Astronomy Exam II. Questions 1-18 have to do with the terrestrial planets, choose your answer from the list below:
Name Physical Science 113 - Astronomy Exam II Questions 1-18 have to do with the terrestrial planets, choose your answer from the list below: 1. The smallest terrestrial planet. A) Mercury B) Venus C)
More informationAstronomy (Geology 360, Physics 360) take-home test. There is no class on Monday March 16th
Astronomy (Geology 360, Physics 360) take-home test. Reminder: Test must be answered on a ScanTron sheet. Be sure to use a No. 2 pencil. Be sure to "bubble in" your name and Student ID on the ScanTron
More informationThe Sun and Planets Lecture Notes 6.
The Sun and Planets Lecture Notes 6. Lecture 6 Venus 1 Spring Semester 2017 Prof Dr Ravit Helled Cover photo: Venus in true color (Courtesy of NASA) Venus Properties Venus is the second brightest natural
More informationChapter 11 Review Clickers. The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition. Jovian Planet Systems Pearson Education, Inc.
Review Clickers The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition Jovian Planet Systems If Jupiter was the size of a basketball, Earth would be the size of a(n) a) bacterium. b) grain of rice. c) marble. d) orange.
More informationIntroduction to Astronomy
Introduction to Astronomy AST0111-3 (Astronomía) Semester 2014B Prof. Thomas H. Puzia Venus Venus The atmosphere of Venus is very dense and an opaque layer of clouds covers the planet, such that we cannot
More informationOur Planetary System. Chapter 7
Our Planetary System Chapter 7 Key Concepts for Chapter 7 and 8 Inventory of the Solar System Origin of the Solar System What does the Solar System consist of? The Sun: It has 99.85% of the mass of the
More information4 Layers of the Sun. CORE : center, where fusion occurs
4 Layers of the Sun CORE : center, where fusion occurs RADIATION LAYER: energy transfer by radiation (like energy coming from a light bulb or heat lamp which you can feel across the room) CONVECTION LAYER:
More informationMeteorites. A Variety of Meteorite Types. Ages and Compositions of Meteorites. Meteorite Classification
Meteorites A meteor that survives its fall through the atmosphere is called a meteorite Hundreds fall on the Earth every year Meteorites do not come from comets First documented case in modern times was
More information~15 GA. (Giga Annum: Billion Years) today
~15 GA (Giga Annum: Billion Years) today ~ 300,000 years after the Big Bang The first map of the Universe. Not homogeneous. Cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy. First detected by the COBE DMR
More informationRadiation - a process in which energy travels through vacuum (without a medium) Conduction a process in which energy travels through a medium
SOLAR SYSTEM NOTES ENERGY TRANSFERS Radiation - a process in which energy travels through vacuum (without a medium) Conduction a process in which energy travels through a medium Convection - The transfer
More informationUnit 3 Lesson 4 The Terrestrial Planets. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Florida Benchmarks SC.8.N.1.5 Analyze the methods used to develop a scientific explanation as seen in different fields of science. SC.8.E.5.3 Distinguish the hierarchical relationships between planets
More informationEarth as Planet. Earth s s Magnetic Field. The Earth s s Crust. Earth s s Interior
Earth as Planet Earth s s Interior The Earth is a medium size planet with a diameter of 12,756 kilometers (7926 miles) Composed primarily of iron, silicon, and oxygen Nearly circular orbit and just the
More informationAnswer Key for Exam C
Answer Key for Exam C 2 points each Choose the answer that best completes the question. Read each problem carefully and read through all the answers. Take your time. If a question is unclear, ask for clarification
More informationAnswer Key for Exam B
Answer Key for Exam B 2 points each Choose the answer that best completes the question. Read each problem carefully and read through all the answers. Take your time. If a question is unclear, ask for clarification
More informationThe Outer Planets. Video Script: The Outer Planets. Visual Learning Company
11 Video Script: 1. For thousands of years people have looked up at the night sky pondering the limits of our solar system. 2. Perhaps you too, have looked up at the evening stars and planets, and wondered
More informationLecture Outlines. Chapter 11. Astronomy Today 8th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outlines Chapter 11 Astronomy Today 8th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Chapter 11 Jupiter Units of Chapter 11 11.1 Orbital and Physical Properties 11.2 Jupiter s Atmosphere Discovery 11.1 A Cometary
More informationToday The Sun. Events
Today The Sun Events Last class! Homework due now - will count best 5 of 6 Final exam Dec. 20 @ 12:00 noon here Review this Course! www.case.edu/utech/course-evaluations/ The Sun the main show in the solar
More information