The next-generation Infrared astronomy mission SPICA (1)Oxford presentation (2)Status and Schedule (3)Operation and Observation Program

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1 The next-generation Infrared astronomy mission SPICA (1)Oxford presentation (2)Status and Schedule (3)Operation and Observation Program June 26, 2009 GOPIRA SPICA TF Takao Nakagawa (ISAS/JAXA) Oct.10, 2007 EAMA7

2 (1) Oxford Presentation

3 The Cycling of Baryonic Matter in the Universe ~ from Big-bang to Life ~

4 Scientific Goals (1/3) How did the Universe originate and what is it made of? Big Bang 1 st generation of stars

5 Scientific Goals (2/3) What are the conditions for stellar and planetary formation?

6 Scientific Goals (3/3) How did the universe evolve chemically? The emergence of life?

7 From AKARI to SPICA (from Survey to observatory) AKARI JAXA, ESA, IKSG Consortium, Korea (SNU) 70cm cooled telescope Launched 2006

8 Clear image at 9μ m by AKARI Misty image in visible light With these news maps of the IR sky, let s start treasure hunting ~ from Surveyor to Observatory ~

9 140 μ m Visible AKARI 140 μm

10 AKARI Point Sources 0.7 million sources

11 Overview of SPICA

12 Mission Overview Specifications Telescope: 3.5m, 5 K Revolving CIB at its energy peak Direct detection of exoplanets Core wavelength: μm MIR Instrument Including Coronagraph Far-Infrared Instrument (SAFARI) Orbit: Sun-Earth L2 Halo Mission Life 3 years (nominal) 5 years (goal) No expendables Weight: 3.4 t Launch: 2017 (H-IIA)

13 Cooled Telescopes D < 1m ISO Nov, 1995 Launched 60 cm cooled Tel. Observatory SPITZER Aug 25, 2003 Launched 85 cm cooled Telescope Observatory AKARI Feb 21, 2006 Launched 70 cm cooled Telescope All Sky Survey Wanted! Larger Telescope

14 Requirements: Large! Telescope 3m class telescope is required Resolve CIB into individual sources Direct detection of exoplanets

15 Herschel & JWST T > 20K Herschel 2009 Launched 3.5 m, 80 K FIR-Submm JWST 2014 Launch 6.5 m, ~ 40 K NIR-MIR Wanted! Cooled Telescope

16 Intensity n n (W m -2 sr -1 ) Requirements: Cool! Telescope K (Herschel) 45K (JWST) 20K K Zodiacal Emission 8K CMB Cirrus 4.5K, Wavelength (micron) Telescope Temperature << 10K required

17 Focal Plane Instruments l/dl (dv) (10 km s -1 ) JWST SPICA Herschel 3000 (100 km s -1 ) 300 (100 km s -1 ) WIDE FOV Good Sensitivity λ 2 mm 20 mm 200 mm Unique Instrument optimized for mid- and far-infrared (No paralell observations)

18 Huge Gain of Sensitivity! Photometry Spectroscopy Herschel 2.5 orders SPICA 2 orders SPICA/ SAFARI

19 Make it Feasible!

20 Revolution of Design Philosophy Cryocoolers No Cryogen Large Telescope ISO: 2.6t for 60cm SPICA 3.4t for 3.5m

Heritage of Mechanical Cryocoolers AKARI

Cryocooler technology is strategic techniquie

21 Heritage of Mechanical Cryocoolers AKARI 2-stage Stirling 20 K Long-life test > 5yrs 2006 SMILES JT 30mW@ 4.5 K 2009 SUZAKU ADR, 60mk reached 2005 Cryocooler technology is strategic techniquie for space science in Japan Future Missions: Kaguya, Planet-C, ASTRO-G, ASTRO-H, SPICA

22 Most of the coolers will be flight-proven very soon. Cryocoolers for SPICA Cooler type 20 K class 4 K class 1 K class Primary mirror Far-IR Cooling object Precooling for JT & Optical bench detector Configuration 2-stage Stirling 2ST + 4 He-JT 2ST + 3 He-JT Minimum cooling requirement Demonstrated Cooling Power Driving power 200mW@20K 30mW@4.5K (x 2 sets) 10mW@1.7K 325mW@20K 50mW@4.5K 16mW@1.7K < 90 W < 160 W (x 2 sets) < 180W Service life > 5 years > 5 years > 5 years R&D level AKARI (2006) Under improvement ISS/SMILES (2009) Under Improvement ASTRO-H (2013) Under development

23 Monolithic mirror 3.5m is technically a good choice Monolithic Mirror No deployable mechanism Simple, Feasible, Reliable Smooth PSF Essential for Coronagraph Herschel & AKARI Heritage AKARI: WFE 0.35μm, 6K (70cm) Herschel: 3.5m (WFE 6μm, 80K)

24 SPICA as an International Mission

European Consortium (ESA s management) Far-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (SAFARI) Collaborations under discussion FIR~Sub mm

25 SPICA as an International Mission Japan (JAXA and Universities) Integration & Test Spacecraft Mission Cryogenics (AKARI, A-H Heritage) MIR Instrument (AKRI Heritage) Including Coronagraph ESA Telescope (Herschel Heritage) Ground Station User Support European Consortium (ESA s management) Far-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (SAFARI) Collaborations under discussion FIR~Sub mm Spectrograph by USA NIR guidance caemra by Korea & NAOJ SPICA Proposal to JAXA (P.I. Nakagawa, JAXA) ESA Cosmic Vision Proposal (P.I. Swinyard, RAL, UK) 25

26 Joint System Engineering Team International Collaboration Scheme SPICA Steering Committee Science Advisory Committee JAXA SPICA team: System Integration Telescope FPI : SAFARI FPI:MIRs+SCI FPI:BLISS FPI:FPC JAXA Integration ESA Subsystem Management JAXA Subsystem Integrator NASA Team (TBD) Korean Team (TBD) ESA Manufacturing 80K) SAFARI Consortium System Integration European Teams Japanese Teams Japanese Group NAOJ (TBD) FPI : Focal Plane Instrument SAFARI : SPICA Far-Infrared Instrument MIRs : Mid Infrared Insturuments (MIRACLE,MIRMES,MIRHES) BLISS : Background-Limited Infrared-Submikimeter Spectrograph FPC : Focal Plane finding Camera 26

27 Status of the Project at JAXA SPICA mission proposal submitted to JAXA in Sep SPICA passed Mission Definition Review (MDR) and Project Preparation Review. SPICA pre-project started officially in July 2008 Concept-design and mission-definition phase ( ) activity is approved. SPICA pre-project team formed Team Leader: Takao Nakagawa (ISAS/JAXA) Mid-term schedule Cycle 1 in SPICA Concept Design Phase finished and currently in the Cycle 2 of the system study. System Requirement Review (SRR) is scheduled in FY System Definition Review (SDR) and Project Review, which are the most critical reviews, are schedules in This is the last step for the final approval of the whole project. 27

28 Status of the Project at ESA European participation to SPICA is approved as a candidate of future missions under the framework of ESA Cosmic Vision Proposal Submitted in June 2007 SPICA was selected in Nov 2007 Assessment phase study ( ) approved SPICA Telescope Assembly (STA) Study ESA Activity Internal Assessment Study (Nov 07 Jun 08) Industrial Assessment Study (Jul Aug 08) SAFARI Study European Consortium activity with ESA s managment ESA CDF Study (June 08) For the final approval Down-selection (Sep Feb 2010) Final selection (2011) 28

29 Schedule FY Year(J) FY Year Approved To be approved H19 H20 H21 H22 H23 H24 H25 H26 H27 H28 H29 H30 (2007) (2008) (2009) (2010) (2011) (2012) (2013) (2014) (2015) (2016) (2017) (2018) JAXA MDR H Concept Study Project Readiness Review Concept Design SRR SDR Project Approval Review Mission Definition Overall Design PDR CDR FM Lauch Detailed Design Acceptance Review Phase-C/D Review Before Launch Review Launch. Oper. PV Phase After Launch Review Obs. Phase ESA CV Selection Assessment Phase CV Down Selection Definition Phase CV Final Selection Overall Design PDR CDR Final Review Detailed Design Phase-C/D Now 29

30 Mid-term Schedule at JAXA SRR (System Requirements Review, 2009) System resources allocation to be fixed System requirements for the whole SPICA system to be fixed Including requirements from FPIs Selection Processes RFP for the industry ( ) based on SRR EM/FM for SVM, PLM FPI Selection Process ( ) Resource allocation is very stringent SDR (System Definition Review, 2010) Specifications of each sub-system (including FPI) to be fixed Budgetary profile and responsibilities to be fixed Including International collaboration 30

31 Space Odyssey in 2017

32 (2) Status and Schedule

33 Short Term Schedule Gopira SPICA Task Force (June 26) SPICA Science Meeting (July JAXA Schedule Fall 2009: SRR , RFP for industrial partners , FPI Selection ESA Schedule ESA Cosmic Vision Document submission (August 31) ESA Cosmic Vision Public Presentation (December Annauncment of the down selection (Februay)

34 Recent Technical Issues FPI Resource allocation Mass, position on IOB, cooling power Delay of FPI Design Change of Delivery Schedule of STA > 3Q 2016 Attitude/Pointing Control

35 (3) Operation & Observation Programs 35

36 Operation Centers Mission Operation Center (MOC) In charge of the direct operation of the whole SPICA system Creating and sending commands To check the basic functions of SPICA Science Operation Center (SOC) Observation Planning To fix the observation plan To support the TAC (telescope allocation committee) To support users to submit proposals and to make observations Data Analysis and Archiving To archive raw and pip-line-processed scientific data To develop pip-line and other related tools under the collaboration with each instrument team To support astronomers scientific activity ESA Data Center (collaboration with MOC and SOC) User Support ICC (Instrument Control Center) for SAFARI 36

37 Time Allocation Schemes (all numbers are tentative) Engineering Time: 10 % Director s time: 5 % Including TOO observations Guaranteed time for SPICA team: 25% To be allocated as a function of contribution SAFARI requests 2000 hours over three years (~10% in 3 years) Including time for SWG and mission scientists This could consist of Legacy programs and normal programs Open Time for Member Countries: 40% This consists of Legacy programs and normal programs Only one TAC, but each member country should has its own allocated time. Open Time for General Community: 20% 37

38 Proprietary Time Engineering & Director s time No proprietary time This will be released soon after the processing by a standard pipe-line (if it is observed with standard AOT). Normal Programs in Guaranteed & Open time One year of proprietary time after observers receive processed data All the data after the proprietary time will be open for general community Legacy Programs in Guaranteed & Open time Proprietary time of one year (or shorter) Each legacy program team is responsible for the coherent data processing (together with SOC) of the observed data obtained under its program. 38

39 Management structures Steering Committee This committee is in charge of the final decision concerning the SPICA project Consisting of members from space agencies and PIs of FPIs SPICA Project manager is to chair the committee Sub committees under it Science Advisory Committee To review and give advice to SPICA from scientific points of view Consisting of scientists, representing important fields of astronomy Project scientist is to chair the committee Joint System Engineering Team To check potential technical problems across I/Fs consisting engineers from various fields and various member countries 39

40 Joint System Engineering Team International Collaboration Scheme SPICA Steering Committee Science Advisory Committee JAXA SPICA team: System Integration Telescope FPI : SAFARI FPI:MIRs+SCI FPI:BLISS FPI:FPC JAXA Integration ESA Subsystem Management JAXA Subsystem Integrator NASA Team (TBD) Korean Team (TBD) ESA Manufacturing 80K) SAFARI Consortium System Integration European Teams Japanese Teams Japanese Group NAOJ (TBD) FPI : Focal Plane Instrument SAFARI : SPICA Far-Infrared Instrument MIRs : Mid Infrared Insturuments (MIRACLE,MIRMES,MIRHES) BLISS : Background-Limited Infrared-Submikimeter Spectrograph FPC : Focal Plane finding Camera 40

The next-generation Infrared astronomy mission SPICA Space Infrared Telescope for Cosmology & Astrophysics

The next-generation Infrared astronomy mission SPICA Space Infrared Telescope for Cosmology & Astrophysics 3.5m cooled telescope mission for mid- and far-infrared astronomy Takao Nakagawa (ISAS/JAXA) for