9/4/2016 WELCOME TO THE ONLY HOME YOU CAN HAVE SINCE YOU CANNOT TERRAFORM. RVBautista. Where are we? Out, alone (afaik) in inhospitable void
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1 WELCOME TO THE ONLY HOME YOU CAN HAVE SINCE YOU CANNOT TERRAFORM Where are we? Out, alone (afaik) in inhospitable void 1
2 What do we know? Third planet from Sun Only planet with life Has water and good atmosphere Has one moon Life and Earth (Why are we planets-with-life-centric) Earth s history is intertwined with the life existing on it If no life? Look at surface of Mars and Venus 2
3 Venus (Venera 13) Mars (Curiosity) 3
4 Earth (Saskatchewan sunflowers) Why Earth has life? - 1 Distance from the sun (Google: Goldilocks Effect) Venus and Mars 4
5 It s much more complicated Location in local group Location in galaxy Location in the arm Location in the solar system Type of star in the center of the system Number of stars in the center of the system (no joke!) Why Earth has life? - 2 Strength of gravity due to its mass escape of atmospheres (Google: atmospheric escape) Uranus Mars Moon 5
6 Why Earth has life? - 3 Shielded in general, from falling thingies by Jupiter (Google: Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9) Of course we get hit once in a while (Chelyabinsk, Tunguska and friends) Why Earth has life? - 3 Observations of exoplanets show that hot Jupiters spiral closer to their star Somebody must restrain Jupiter! 6
7 Why Earth has life? - 4 Tilt and Spin, distribution of heat Uranus and Mercury Moon, they say 7
8 Why Earth has life? - 5 Composition of Earth Atmosphere is rich in O, which can release huge amounts of energy for used by cells Crust is rich in C, which is the basis for all known life 8
9 9
10 77ba04d5395deff5b7db19d22b35b6eea7b3a210d720b3/diagram-ofye-old-ocean-layers-source.jpgt 10
11 Earth s Motions Earth makes two main motions Rotation movement of Earth around its axis Axis is tilted at 23.5 degrees Revolution movement of Earth around the Sun Elliptical orbit Perihelion (closest point to Sun) at January: 147,000,000 km Aphelion (farthest point to Sun) at July: 152,000,000 km 11
12 Nasty secrets Precession movement of Earth s axis around another axis, like those wobbling tops Nutation change in Earth s tilt due to interactions with Moon and Sun Eccentricity how circle-like or ellipse-like the orbit is (yeah the orbit gets stretched out and stretched in once in a while) Orbital Inclination how Earth s orbit is tilted from the plane of solar system, its cycles last for hundreds of thousands of years Apsidal Precession the revolution of the orbit (orbit, not the Earth) around the Sun ( coz how can we get crazier) Rotation, Precession, Nutation 12
13 Precession Tilt change th_precession.svg/526px-earth_precession.svg.png g/545px-earth_obliquity_range.svg.png Magnetic field Earth generates a magnetic field that we exploit by using a compass Shields us from solar wind, a horde of particles (radiation) streaming from the Sun 13
14 Magnetic field The field is generally weakest at its poles in North and South, so the solar wind reaches closest to the surface Here we get the beautiful auroras Atmosphere Hundreds of particles from outer space fall to the Earth everyday Most of them burn away because of atmosphere Some can get bright enough to be used by people wishing for forever 14
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