Task Analysis Subject: Science Grade 3. **Goal: 1 The learner will conduct investigations and build an understanding of plant growth and adaptations.

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1 Task Analysis Subject: Grade 3 **Goal: 1 The learner will conduct investigations and build an understanding of plant growth and adaptations. Ecosystem Nutrients 1.01 Observe and measure how the quantities of nutrients, light, and water in the environment affect plant growth Observe and describe how environmental conditions determine how well plants survive and grow in a particular environment Investigate and describe how plants pass through distinct stages in their life cycle: growth, survival, reproduction Explain why the number of seeds a plant produces depends on variables such as Students will observe and record the growth of three plants of the same variety placed in differing environments with different levels of light and water over a period of two weeks. Students will measure height as a growth determinate. Students will relate the findings of the investigation in 1.01 to the real world environment. Students will diagram the appropriate stages of plant growth for an oak tree. Students can also integrate with art by drawing these stages. Students will create brace maps to identify the stages of growth in a plant s life cycle. Students will distinguish a healthy plant from one that is unhealthy and infer that the number of seeds is also influenced by the plant s exposure to Environment Producer Survival Life cycle Growth Plant reproduction From Seed to Plant Magic School Bus Goes to Seed Video Seeds and Seedlings Foss kit: Structures of Life United Streaming How do qualities and quantities of nutrients, light, and water in the environment affect plant growth? How do environmental conditions determine how well plants grow in a particular environment? What are the distinct stages in a plant s life cycle? How do they pass through these stages? How do light, water,

2 light, water, nutrients, and pollination Observe and discuss how bees pollinate flowers Observe, describe, and record properties of germinating seeds. appropriate light, water, nutrients,and pollination Examine representations of insects and flowering plants and describe their relationship. Discuss an insect s role in plant reproduction. Observe the progression of seed germination with seeds placed in plastic bags placed in a sunny window. Students will draw diagrams to record their observations. Germination Seedling seed Pollination Pollen nutrients, and pollination affect the number of seeds a plant produces? How do bees pollinate flowers? What are the properties of germinating seeds? **Goal: 2 The learner will conduct investigations to build and understanding of soil properties Observe and Students will examine clay, sand, describe the properties and loam samples which are of soil: color, texture, unidentified. They will note the capacity to hold water. texture, size of grains, and color of each sample Investigate and observe that different soils absorb water at Students will investigate the ability of different soils to absorb water by measuring runoff and time of Soil Texture Capacity Abrasion Slope Absorb Rates Runoff A Handful of Dirt Compost! Growing Gardens from Your Garbage What are the properties of soil? Why do different soils absorb water at different

3 different rates. absorption. Delta Tributary 2.03 Determine the ability of soil to support the growth of many plants, including those important to our food supply Identify the basic components of soil: sand, clay, humus Determine how composting can be used to recycle discarded plant and animal material Determine the relationship between heat and decaying plant matter in a compost pile. Describe how soil provides the basic needs of plants. Discuss specific plants as they provide fruits and vegetables for human consumption. Students will identify which part of the plant we consume. Discuss how the components of soil combine in various amounts to create soil. Students will conduct an investigation over two weeks composting banana slices, wheat cereal, and apple peelings on top of layer of soil with 2 tablespoons of water. They will observe the changes in the compost container. Discuss how the decaying process involved in creating compost creates heat. Erosion Weathering Food supply Food Chain Sand Clay Humus Compost Recycle Decay Heat Decomposer Delta Module Soil Duplin County Soil and Water Conservation Service Lines on the Land Video United Streaming rates? How does soil support the growth of many plants including ones important to our food supply? What are the basic components of soil? What are the different kinds of soil? How can composting be used to recycle discarded plant and animal matter? What is compost?

4 Goal: 3 The learner will make observations and use appropriate technology to build an understanding of the earth/moon/sun Observe that light travels in straight lines until it strikes an object and is reflected and/or absorbed Observe that objects in the sky have patterns of movement: sun, moon, and stars 3.03 Using shadows, follow and record the apparent movement of the sun in the sky during the day. Students will conduct an investigation in which cards with holes in the center need to be aligned in a straight line in order for light from bulb or flashlight to pass through onto a screen. Students will observe that light projected onto a mirrored surface will be reflected. Students will observe that materials are transparent, translucent, and opaque. Students will create shadow figures to demonstrate absorption. Students will view a diagram of the sun s appearance in the sky throughout various parts of the day. Then they will create a diagram demonstrating the movement. Students will use sidewalk chalk or bulletin board paper to trace a peer s shadow at three different times during the school day (early morning, noon, and near dismissal). Students will then compare the length of the shadows and record their Light Reflection Absorption Rotation Revolution Transparent Translucent Opaque Sun movement patterns Gravity Shadow Astronomy Astromony for Every Kid How the Universe Works Field Trip to UNC Morehead Planetarium Chapel Hill Bill Nye the Guy- Earth s Seasons Magic School Bus How does light travel? What is reflection? What is absorption? What are the patterns of apparent movement of the sun? What are shadows? How can they be used to help you observe the sun s apparent movement?

5 3.04 Use appropriate tools to make observations of the moon Observe and record the change in the apparent shape of the moon from day to day over several months and describe the pattern of changes Observe that patterns of stars in the sky stay the same, although they appear to move across the sky nightly. observations. Students will use appropriate technology to distinguish the changing patterns in the moon s appearance to us on earth. Students will keep a moon diary for a month to record the different phases of the moon. Students will create a flip booklet correctly aligned and labeled with the phases of the moon from new moon to full moon. Students will examine models of constellations by creating them using patterns and black construction paper. Students will work in groups to identify various constellations given a template. Students will observe the movement of the constellations using appropriate technology or by visiting a planetarium. Phases Telescope Planetarium Constellations United Streaming Delta Module Solar System What is a telescope? What is a planetarium? How does the moon s appearance seem to change over time? What are phases? What are constellations? How does their appearance in the night sky seem to change throughout the year?

6 Goal: 4 The learner will conduct investigations and use appropriate technology to build an understanding of the form and function of the skeletal and muscle systems of the human body Identify the Students will identify the skeleton skeleton as a system of as a body system using overheads, the human body and skeletal models Describe several functions of bones: support, protection, and movement Describe the functions of different types of joints: hinge, ball and socket, and gliding Describe how different kinds of joints allow movement and compare this to the movement of mechanical devices Observe and describe how muscles cause the body to move. Students will create a tree map labeling the three functions of the skeletal system. Students will give examples of bones on the skeletal model that provide these functions. Students will jump rope to identify where the skeleton is able to move. Students will demonstrate the movement of the joints at the elbow, shoulder, and wrist. Students will examine mechanical models of ball/socket, hinge, and sliding joints to compare with the human joints. Students will flex the upper arm to observe how muscles contract and relax. They will use appropriate technology to observe that muscles work in pairs to cause movement. Skeleton Body system Movement Support Protection Joint Hinge Ball/socket Sliding/gliding Mechanical models Muscle Contract Relax Foss/Bone Boogie Bones Bones : Our Skeletal System NCKidScien ce.com Why is the skeleton considered a body system? How do bones help our body function? Which bones provide protection? Support? Movement? What is the function of a human joint? What are locations of the ball/socket joint? The hinge joint? The sliding/gliding joint? What are mechanical models for each kind of joint? How do muscles cause the body to move?

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