2nd Grade. Slide 1 / 106. Slide 2 / 106. Slide 3 / 106. Plants. Table of Contents

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1 Slide 1 / 106 Slide 2 / 106 2nd Grade Plants Table of Contents Slide 3 / 106 Click on the topic to go to that section What are plants? Photosynthesis Pollination Dispersal

2 Slide 4 / 106 Slide 5 / 106 What are plants? Return to Table of Contents What is a plant? Slide 6 / 106 When you think about a plant, what type of image pops into your mind? Draw pictures of your ideas below:

3 What is a plant? Below are some examples of plants and other living things. How are plants different from other living things? Write a list of ideas in the box. Slide 7 / 106 What is a plant? Slide 8 / 106 Plants are: living things not able to move by themselves make their own food from sunlight Plants Slide 9 / 106 All plants make their own food using energy from the sun. Remember back to the last unit. What is the name for organisms that make their own food? Click in the box to check your answer. Producers

4 1 Could plants survive without the sun? Slide 10 / 106 Yes No 2 Plants are. Slide 11 / 106 A producers B herbivores C carnivores D decomposers 3 The following statements describe the tree frog. Which statement also describes a plant? Slide 12 / 106 A The tree frog jumps from one place to another. B The tree frog eats insects. C The tree frog is a living thing. D The tree frog has webbed feet.

5 Why are plants important? Can you imagine a world without plants? What would it be like to live on a world like that? Write your ideas in the box below. Slide 13 / 106 Why are plants important? Slide 14 / 106 If Earth had no plants, we would not be able to live here! Plants use sunshine to make food. Some animals eat the plants for food. The koala bear eats eucalyptus leaves all day long. Would the koala bear survive without plants? Why are plants important? Slide 15 / 106 How about the lion? It is a carnivore that eats other animals, like zebra and buffalo. Can the lion live without plants? Talk about this as a class and then move to the next slide for the answer.

6 Why are plants important? Slide 16 / 106 Lions do not eat plants. They eat zebras. But...zebras eat plants. If there were no plants, there would be no zebras and lions would have nothing to eat! So, yes, lions need plants to survive! 4 All organisms rely on plants. Slide 17 / 106 True False Why are plants important? Slide 18 / 106 Suppose that your little brother thinks that plants are weird and that they should all be removed from Earth. How can you explain to him that plants are important?

7 Slide 19 / 106 Slide 20 / 106 Slide 21 / 106

8 Slide 22 / 106 Photosynthesis Return to Table of Contents Lab: What do plants need? Analysis Class Data Table Before After Group Color Height Other: Color Height Other: Slide 23 / 106 Light/ Water Light/No water No light/ water No light/ no water Lab: What do plants need? Analysis Slide 24 / 106 Look at the results from your plant experiment. What did you learn? What do plants need to grow? Write your answers below:

9 What do plants need to grow? Plants need 5 different things to grow. Label each need below. Slide 25 / 106 Labels: Water Soil Air Space Sun What do plants need to grow? Slide 26 / 106 Plants need all of these things to grow. But why? Click in the boxes to find out. Sunshine, Water and Air Space Soil Plants need all of these to make their own food. Plants need space so that they have room to grow. Plants get vitamins, nutrients and water from the soil. Photosynthesis Slide 27 / 106 The five needs of a plant can be traced back to the fact that they use the sun's energy to make their own food. This process is called photosynthesis.

10 Photosynthesis Slide 28 / 106 Photosynthesis is a long word to try to remember. Let's look at it one piece at a time. "photo" means light "synthesis" means to make So...plants use light to make their own food. Photosynthesis Slide 29 / 106 Look at the picture below. Can you guess where photosynthesis takes place in a plant? Click on the picture to check your answer. Photosynthesis takes place in the leaves of plants! Photosynthesis Slide 30 / 106 In photosynthesis, plants use: sunshine water carbon dioxide (a gas in the air)

11 Photosynthesis Slide 31 / 106 Click in each box to see where plants get everything they need to conduct photosynthesis. Can you guess each answer before you click? Need Sunshine Water Carbon dioxide Source Sky Soil Air Photosynthesis Slide 32 / 106 In photosynthesis, plants produce: food oxygen (a gas in the air) 5 Photosynthesis means to use light to make food. Slide 33 / 106 True False

12 6 Photosynthesis happens in the. Slide 34 / 106 A leaves B roots C flowers D anywhere in a plant 7 The sun is not needed for photosynthesis. Slide 35 / 106 True False 8 Which of the following is not needed for photosynthesis to happen? Slide 36 / 106 A carbon dioxide B sunshine C oxygen D water

13 9 Where do plants get the water used in photosynthesis? Slide 37 / 106 A The stem absorbs it from the soil. B The roots absorb it from the soil. C The leaves absorb it from the air. D The roots absorb it from the air. Slide 38 / 106 Slide 39 / 106

14 Slide 40 / 106 Napkin Nursery Slide 41 / 106 Now that you understand everything a plant needs to survive, it is your turn to try to grow a plant! Follow your teacher's directions to grow a napkin nursery. Slide 42 / 106 Pollination Return to Table of Contents

15 Plant Life Cycle Slide 43 / 106 Seed Germination Sprout Adult Plant We know that all plants begin their life as a seed. The seed germinates and grows into an adult plant. But where do seeds come from? Write your ideas below. Where do seeds come from? Slide 44 / 106 The answer to this question has to do with the powdery, yellow stuff in the middle of this flower. Do you know what this is? Click the picture to check your answer. Pollen Pollen Have you ever seen this yellow, dusty stuff from a flower? It is pollen! Slide 45 / 106 Pollen Do you or someone you know get runny noses and lots of sneezes in the spring? You are reacting to pollen.

16 Seeds Form in Flowers Slide 46 / 106 Seeds are formed in the flower. Pollen from one flower lands on another flower. Then, seeds can grow inside the flower. Pollination Slide 47 / 106 The process of pollen moving from one flower to another is called pollination. Pollination What if pollen lands on the wrong plant? Slide 48 / 106 Most of the time, nothing will happen. This happens frequently, especially if the pollen is blown by the wind. Seeds will only form when pollen lands on the same kind of flower. Pollination leads to new seeds. Pollination does not occur.

17 10 Pollen is important to make seeds. Slide 49 / 106 True False How Does Pollination Happen? In this field, suppose that the flower with the red arrow pollinates the flower with the green arrow. But...wait a second. Flowers can't move! How did the pollen get from one flower to another? Slide 50 / 106 Pollination - Wind Slide 51 / 106 Many plants rely on wind to blow pollen to other flowers. Although the wind will blow the pollen everywhere, some will land on other flowers.

18 Pollination - Water Slide 52 / 106 This is a type of seagrass that grows underwater. How do you think pollination occurs among seagrasses? Click on the picture to check your answer. Pollen travels on water currents from one plant to another. Pollination - Wind & Water Slide 53 / 106 Think about how wind and water pollination work. Can you think of one negative thing about this type of pollination? Write your ideas below. Pollination - Wind & Water Slide 54 / 106 Wind and water move pollen everywhere. Some of the pollen finds other flowers but most of it does not. In order for wind and water pollination to work, a plant must produce A LOT of pollen. The air around this pine forest is filled with pollen. Source: US Forest Service

19 11 Pollination is moving from flower to flower. Slide 55 / 106 A seeds B pollen C petals D water 12 If a plant relies on wind to pollinate the flowers, does it need to make a lot of pollen? Slide 56 / 106 Yes No 13 What happens when pollen lands on a different kind of flower? Slide 57 / 106 A Nothing happens. B Seeds form. C Incredible new plants form.

20 Pollination Slide 58 / 106 Of all the flowering plants, only 10% of them use wind and water to move their pollen. What is another way that pollination can occur? Look at the picture below for a hint. Pollination - Animal Slide 59 / 106 When these animals visit flowers, pollen attaches to their bodies. When they visit a similar flower, some of this pollen drops onto the flower. Pollination occurs and a new seed can begin to grow. Can you see the pollen that has attached to this bee? Pollination - Animal In order for animal pollination to work, there needs to be a reason for the animals to visit the flowers in the first place. Can you think of a good reason? Click in the box to check your answer. Food Slide 60 / 106

21 Pollination - Animal Slide 61 / 106 Many flowers have sweet nectar that animals eat as food. Some animals visit flowers as they look for shelter or nest-building materials. Click here to watch a video about pollination. 14 Most flowers use wind for pollination. Slide 62 / 106 True False 15 Why do animals visit flowers? Slide 63 / 106 A They are looking for food. B They are looking for nest-building materials. C They are looking for shelter. D All of the above.

22 Pollinators Slide 64 / 106 There are 200,000 different animals that act as pollinators! This includes hummingbirds, bats, small mammals and insects. This hungry butterfly has pollen on its legs. When it goes to another flower for more food, the pollen fall off and pollinate the other flower. Bees Slide 65 / 106 Bees eat both nectar and pollen. They can fly at 7 mph and beat their wings 190 per second! Pollen sticks to the bees' legs as they travel from flower to flower. Butterflies and Moths Slide 66 / 106 Butterflies and moths have long, straw-like mouths. They are able to suck nectar from flowers with long tubes.

23 Hummingbirds Hummingbirds have long beaks. They are able to pollinate long, tube-shaped flowers. Slide 67 / 106 Bats Slide 68 / 106 Some bats eat nectar. They are nocturnal and are attracted to flowers that bloom during the night, such as cactus flowers. Source: US Forest Service Plants Need Pollinators Slide 69 / 106 Plants cannot survive with pollinators. Why not? Click below to check your answer. Plants need help getting their pollen from one flower to another. Without pollination, seeds would not be produced and there would be no plants on Earth.

24 Plants Attract Pollinators Plants can call the animals they need without voices! Do you know how they attract their pollinators? Slide 70 / 106 Plants Attract Pollinators Slide 71 / 106 Plants attract pollinators by having bright colors and sweet scents. Many pollinators can smell a flower from a long distance. Flowers Match Their Pollinators Slide 72 / 106 This long narrow flower is perfect for a hummingbird's tongue to get nectar. This flower blooms at night. It is large enough for a bat's head to fit. It also hangs upside down, which bats prefer. It is very fragrant to attract bats in the dark.

25 Pollinators Plants are used for food, spices, medicines and building materials. Without pollinators, we would not have any of these! Click below to watch a beautiful video about pollinators. Slide 73 / 106 How many different types of pollinators do you see in the video? Make a list. Which pollinator fascinated you the most in the video? 16 A flower is long and narrow. It has lots of nectar and blooms during the day. It is probably pollinated by a. Slide 74 / 106 A hummingbird B mouse C bat D bee 17 Plants that are pollinated by animals make less pollen than plants pollinated by wind. Slide 75 / 106 True False

26 18 Beetles are an important pollinator group. The flowers they pollinate need to be large enough for them to walk across. Which one of the flowers below could be pollinated by a beetle? Slide 76 / 106 A B C D Slide 77 / 106 Slide 78 / 106

27 Slide 79 / 106 Slide 80 / 106 Design a Model: Pollination Slide 81 / 106 Can you design a model to transfer pollen from flower to flower? Use your critical thinking and creativity skills!

28 Slide 82 / 106 Dispersal Return to Table of Contents Imagine... Slide 83 / an apple tree, full of apples. This tree has 10 apples. If each apple has 5 seeds, how many seeds in all? Click the apple to check your answer. 50 Imagine... Slide 84 / 106 If all the apples fell straight down and all of the seeds became trees, what do you think would happen? Would all of the apples be able to grow into trees. Think about why or why not.

29 Imagine... Slide 85 / 106 Plants need the sun to reach their leaves. If they grew in the shade of the big tree, they would not get any sunshine. They would have to compete for water and nutrients in the soil, too. These apples would not survive because they would not have enough space. Seeds Need to Move Slide 86 / 106 If seeds cannot grow right next to the parent plant, how can seeds move away from the parent? Think about it as a class and write your ideas below. Dispersal Slide 87 / 106 Wind, water and animals move the seeds. When seeds move away from a parent plant, it is called dispersal. These dandelion seeds are dispersed by wind. They are carried on the wind far from the parent plant.

30 19 Plants need space to grow. Slide 88 / 106 True False 20 Dispersal means. Slide 89 / 106 A to gather together B to spread out C to leave untouched Dispersal - Wind Slide 90 / 106 Seeds dispersed by wind are shaped to catch the wind. Maple Tumbleweed The structure of each of these seeds allows it to be blown by the wind. Can you describe how each structure does this?

31 Dispersal - Wind Slide 91 / 106 Look at this one dandelion seed. How does its structure allow it to be dispersed by the wind? Click here to watch a dandelion change from a flower to a seed head. Dispersal - Water Slide 92 / 106 Some seeds float away from the parent plant. Mangrove trees grow along the coast. Mangrove seeds can float across an ocean. When they reach land, they sprout immediately. Dispersal Slide 93 / 106 Plants have developed some interesting ways to disperse their seeds. Click below to watch a video about different types of dispersal. This exploding cucumber explodes, squirting seeds everywhere!

32 21 These seeds are most likely dispersed by. Slide 94 / 106 A wind B water 22 These seeds are hollow and can float. They are most likely dispersed by. Slide 95 / 106 A wind B water Animal Dispersal There are many ways animals disperse seeds. Some seeds stick to fur. When the animals walk away, they carry the seeds. Slide 96 / 106

33 Animal Dispersal Although we think fruit is a delicious food, it is actually a seed! Plants grow seeds that are inside of sweet fruit. When animals eat the fruit, the seeds come out in the animal's waste, far from the parent plant. Slide 97 / 106 Animal Dispersal Slide 98 / 106 Some plants put the seed in a very hard shell. We call these nuts. Animals that eat nuts often carry them away to eat in safety. They bury nuts, and forget about them later. These can grow into nut trees. 23 This peach has one seed in a hard case surrounded by sweet fruit. It is dispersed by. Slide 99 / 106 A wind B water C animals

34 24 Plants need. Slide 100 / 106 A sunshine B open space C water D all of the above 25 Many plants need animals to complete their life cycle. Slide 101 / 106 True False Slide 102 / 106

35 Slide 103 / 106 Slide 104 / 106 Slide 105 / 106

36 Lab: How do seeds travel? Slide 106 / 106 In this lab, use your observation skills to determine how each type of seed will disperse.