Stormwater Management Plan. Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) Town of Wallingford, CT

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1 M P f h Muicip p (M4) T f if, T Mch 3, 217 Pp f: T f if if, T 6492 Pp b: AT Gup vic LL 29 b ui 31 E Hf, T 618 Ph Fx

2 TABLE OF ONTENT p I. INTOUTION Ipi T Ifi T f if ub-i h Pi c T f if p f Pubic k ui T f if p f Eii vp... 6 II. MINIMUM ONTOL MEAUE Pubic Euci Ouch Ipc Pubic Ivv/Picipi Iici ich ci Eiii uci i uff P-uci M i N vp vp Pui Pvi/G Hukpi f Muicip Opi III. HAING EPONIBILITY Quifi Lc P Quifi F P ii f Pi pibiii I. OPEATION AN MAINTENANE Pp Opi Mic PLAN EQUIEMENT Kpi h P u Fiu Pp vi M4 M P 2 T f if Mch 3, 217

3 TABLE OF ONTENT (ciu) p I. MONITOING Mii qui II. ETIFIATION OF OUMENT FIGUE Fiu 1 Fiu 1b Fiu 1c Fiu 1 Fiu 2 Fiu 3 u Mp f h T f if, T uh ci u Mp f h T f if, T uh ci u Mp f h T f if, T Nh ci u Mp f h T f if, T Nh ci if, T ub-i Bi ufc ici Mp i M4 A (Ubiz A) f h T f if, T M4 M P 3 T f if Mch 3, 217

4 I. INTOUTION 1.1 Ipi I i qui h h pi vp, ip ii M P (h P) i cpic ih h G Pi f h ich f f Muicip p (M4) iu b h cicu p f E Evi Pci (TEEP) Buu f Mi M pic Auc Pii Efc ivii, iu Ju 2, 216 ih ffciv f Ju 1, 217. Th P i i uc h pu f h M4 h Mxiu Ex Pcicb (MEP). Th T f if, cicu (pi u hi P) h p M4 ui h b pcic i i M P, Ju 14, 214 (vi), xii 24 M4 pi. Thi P icp b pcic u h iiu c u h c v h xii 24 pi qui, hi up P icp h c ii ch qui iv pvi h i h pcifi i h pi. Th qui Au p i b ubi h f ch pvii v (ci pi f iici ich), h v bvi, up vii uf cch iv/ppi, up ii b pcic bi u, h v p f h M P ih i hihih. I ii, h pi i qui p f h P pc qui fufi h ppicb qui qui f h Ac. U h TEEP G Pi f h ich f f M4, h pi u pp h P i cpic ih ci 5(b) ci 6 f hi G Pi. Th pi u ciu ip h P Miiu Mu ui h f h pi (Ju 3, 222) h x iuc. 1.2 T Ifi Th T f if i cpi f ppxi 4 qu i f c i N Hv u i h uh c ci f cicu ( Fiu 1, 1b, 1c 1 f h u Mp f h T f if, T - uh, uh, Nh Nh ci). ih ppui f ppxi 45,, h T f if i h -hi ppuu cui f cicu' hu ix-i cii T. Th T f if h fiii Muicipi p ii h T. Opi, ic ipv f h M4 h pibii h T f if p f Pubic k, ih cbiv ff f h T p i f h T f if. Th pi f h M P i h T f if P. 1.3 T f if ub-i h Th ub-i h h i ihi h T f if f h uh i Bi i b h Fiu 2 - if, cicu ub-i Bi ufc F ici: M4 M P 4 T f if Mch 3, 217

5 ub-bi #5112 F iv ub-bi #52 Quiipic iv ub-bi #524 B Bk ub-bi #526 Hb Bk ub-bi #527 h Bk ub-bi #528 Mu iv ub-bi #532 Mi iv ub-bi #466 ichu iv ub-bi #467 ichu iv Th bv ub-i Bi i ih h TEEP Ipi. O h Quiipic iv h Bk i bi i iic ipi, hv pcific ipi iic f bci (E. i). Th ii i bi i bv i ipi, bu ipi ui h M4 ih pi ifuc f h M4. Mii u ci 6 f hi Pi h qui ci ii f Ipi h ic ffc b h M4. Th ci ii i fcu Ipi ic ffc b h M4 h pi ifuc Ipi f i bi ui h M Pi c Th fi cc f h Pi f: b. Bii, P.E., T Ei Ph Nub: Fx Nub: Ei: v@ifc.v T f if p f Eii 45 uh Mi if, T 6492 H Mcu, Pubic k ic Ph Nub: Fx Nub: Ei: pubick@ifc.v T f if p f Pubic k 29 T F if, T T f if p f Pubic k ui Th T f if P i -- ui f: 1. :, pi / i i cch bi. Pv, chip, cuc pch. P v f. v f T- ik pki. pi / i cub. i i, i ipi pi. M4 M P 5 T f if Mch 3, 217

6 2. Mic f Pk Buii: Mii Muicip buii. Mii pk, p pc Li Ti. up vii f p. 3. i : hi pickup cci. Iu ci Hu Pi. Iu i iiz Pi up. Lf pickup cci. pi cup. 4. Oh: Ai hiff ih vici. G h v f T ppi. Mic f Fi, Pic, Pubic k p c p vhic. T up v T pp. 1.6 T f if p f Eii Th p f Eii v h i, pii cuci f j T ifucu icui, bi,, ffic i, c. Th p f Eii ii h pubic ik pi p h Excvi Pi pc. Th p f Eii i v h uicip p: i, pi u cuci f uicip ipv pjc f cuci b P; Pvi chic c u ppici P&Z, I ZBA; Pvi chic ic h Quiipic iv Li Ti i i h vi ii h -u ci; Mk ju i h Tx A p; Pvi uvi, ppi ii vic qui; Pp puc p h pfi phic qui; Th p f Eii pvi vic h pubic, icui: uv fi i ih-f- (i) T ppi; Ivi p cpi i, ici ih i, c. 1.7 vp, ii ibii Thi M P i qui cu ip ci Miiu Mu f h u M4. i u M4 M P 6 T f if Mch 3, 217

7 qui b ip huhu h M4 hi h qui i h Ubiz A (Fiu 3). Th pi u i h M4 f h Pi h TEEP ii F ih h ppicb ii f 9 pi h ffciv f h Pi. Th P u b vib pubic f pubic vi 9 pi h ffciv f h pi. Th T f if h pvi h P i T bi.t.if.c.u// Yu.p f pup f hi pubic ic qui. Th P i b p h TEEP bi. II. MINIMUM ONTOL MEAUE Th Pi (T) h vp M P h i i uc h ich f pu f h M4 h xiu x pcicb (MEP), pc qui if h pppi qui qui f h f Ac. MEP i ch b h h Ac pu. B M Pcic (BMP) i b u uc pu h f h T. h uci pu MEP fc b vu. Th fc h cii f h civi, pcific c cc, ipi if, cu bii fic h p, bfici u f h civi, h, cpci pf pi ic. A h fc hu b ci i ii cpic ih hi pi h MEP. Fuh, h iu f h cp f k v h f h Pi c b i ui k h p. Th T bii pf f h k pcifi hi b b uch iu h fc, icui fui vibii. Th fi qui Miiu Mu i i ci 2 f h P. 2.1 Pubic Euci Ouch Ipc Th Pubic Euci Ouch i ih h fi BMP, icui xii p civii. Th i cuic h pubic c uc f pui h ipc f pu h pubic. Th P k iibu uci i cuc uch civii i. Th p p civ i ciu huhu h Pi. A ch ii p i b fc i ch Au p Mk ki hv b vib b h TEEP hv b pc ppxi 5, cch bi. Th k ki hv b pc b h T b hih ch u p f h T Ap-A- P. Th T f if h ppxi 6,5 pubic cch bi. Mk ki pc h ii cchbi f h M4 p b i i h pi f 217. h h T pc cch bi, h T i hv i cu c ic i h cc f h cch bi, ki i p. Thi i icip bi i h pi f A ic T bi bu ifi, i Yu i vib.t.if.c.u// Yu.p f uci upi h pubic h h T i i. Th c f h p u vp xpc b cp b Ju 1, 218. Th bi M4 M P 7 T f if Mch 3, 217

8 icu v ik bi ih ii ifi iu h T i k ii ik h fib Euci i (bchu) hv b iibu i h p ih h k ki vib h P ffic 29 T F, if, T. Th bchu vib h Evi Pi Offic Pi Zi Offic h if T H, 45 uh Mi, if, T. Th T i pi i ifi pph k pi pu (phphu, i, bci cu) b Ju 1, 218 i b vib i k T p, icui h Hh p h Pi/Evi Pi Offic. Euci i i icu h pubih b EEP h uc Th T cu fu vi fi i huhu h h T Lib p h pubic. f h fi c pvi qui pci cu. Th fi i i p ciu i h ci A v cc v p i p b h T bu h cu h pci f ich. Th p i cp i hi p b Ju 1, Th if ivii h P h T bi h cu i ip ipc i. Ui v bic picip f u cpi pcic ( Xicp i) h c j iv i buifu uh- vi. Th bfi h icu h pu f hh, u vi, hi uci u-ff cupi cp cvi cpi. Th T ivii p uci h T bi f h pci. Th ivii u cuc h uv b viu ipci f pi ihi h T h. Th ivii u ppxi 1,25 ch pi pp ihi h T iki upp h. Th ipci p i pf, h b f hi bii, i Api-M. A uci bchu i iibu h ih h. Of cc h pi f -i ip, i kpi civii, i h pi uc f pui h h h qui f u upp vi. Th ivii h ipc f cvi uci h ix (6) j pu p h c iv ffc h qui f k, iv, u. Th ix (6) j pu i b: i: i u ubc h bc pu h h up i h i xciv quii. i ch h hp f b, h fi u f quic i, ci h pu i h. Ei f p cuci i, icuu fi, ubub j uc f i pui. bi: N-b h, pic, h c ip f, i f up i b b. Hu fi i u, hzu h i b pp. Aquic i c bc, ik pic f f, v. M4 M P 8 T f if Mch 3, 217

9 Ph: Ph h bci viu h cu i. Th c f fc i f hu hi p, f i i bi. h h pi cci f ph i h xc ci ii, u b c h fihi ii i pv ifci i ubk. Mj uc f ph icu: fii pic, k i, cci f i f p, f i iif. Nui: Mi h c f p h, pii f f i phphu, k ui. h ui up i quic, h h u p cui c cu iv p h k "b" hich p x cci i h. Exc i i iki hv b ik hu hh pb, icui h cii bih fc. Th Pui: ui u h, h pui c k h i ciic quic hbi f iiv iv p i uviv, i h p f -iv pci. Ovh c u f h v f vi h h h, uff f h f pki, h cci f i h u-h p. Txic i: M f h f hu f chic i u hfu bh hu quic i. f h chic c b p huh h f chi cc i p p (ik hu). Ex cci f xic i i h c ki h v f i. uc f xic ci f h xhu fui h c f ubi h ci iifc puc u i h h pici u i, f pk A h T u b if fiv, h i Ocb, h p f Pubic k h P Pi Offic h Yu bh pvi ifi qui bu h ubjc. Th T i k ciu hi p Th T f if h Huh Hzu P. Thi P i huh izi c Hz iz b h uh i Auhi. Th i f h T c ip f huh hzu ui if H T (p h if T bi) f h h picipi i h ui hi H T f f. Thi Huh Hzu P i ciu b upp b h T u vi f i ucc i b cuc b P ci pib ipv pi i c b pp ff b i h 157 Jh cci h h T ccp buh, v hi. Oic, LL p h f cpi fcii i cjuci ih h T P. iu u f h cci ipi f pib ipv h fcii i b vi b P ff u bi v ui -up P cu h i h T: up f h Quiipic iv b h Quiipic iv h Acii ivv h bi pickup h iv ci c p. Pubic i ivi picip. M4 M P 9 T f if Mch 3, 217

10 up f h T Mi Pv b vi ii vu h cuc ciu h bi pickup i cii ih Pubic k. Th T h Ap-- P hich c up h bi. cci bi pvi b h T ui T v. Th T h Mii-G P (ubjc fui) hich pvi up $15. c uh up izi h ip upp cci p/civii i ch, chuch, cub ihbh Th p i i ciu f h pi ui. Th Au p i fc h p h ch/ii. Th p i h p f Pubic k. Aii/vi f h p pu f cc i b ip b Ju 1, 218 ciu ui pi xpi. 2.2 Pubic Ivv/Picipi Pubic Ivv/Picipi i h T M ff h icu: Th T i pubih pubic ic f h P qui b h Pi, icui ic h T bi. A cp i b vib f pubic ipci cpi h T k Offic, T H, 45 uh Mi, if, T Th T bi h ic p bu ifi, i Yu (u cuci).t.if.c.u// Yu.p h ik hi M P ih cc h h pubic c c bu h P. Th Au p i b up- hi bi b h f Ju f ch pviu M p. Thi Pi qui i b h pibii f h p f Pubic k. 2.3 Iici ich ci Eiii (IE) P Th IE P f h T f if f ci 6()(3)(A) Appix B i h TEEP G Pi f h ich f f M4 (ffciv Ju 1, 217). Th fcu i ipi h IE p f h Ubiz A i h T h cch f h M4 ih ic c Ipviu A (IA) f h 11% hich ich ipi (Pii A) i h M4. Th T i vp i IE P c, c ii iici ich ( h xiu x pcicb, pi b ) f h M4 ihi h pii. Th IE P, h x pi b, i pvi fcb uhi ii iici ich, i pibiii vp ciiz pi p. Th P i ui h uf ci IE pc ci ih h Pi qui, ivi M4 cch f upc iici ich pu, h MEP. A, h IE P i ui f-up ci iici ich pvi pcu L Auhi u, h p f Pubic k p cpi f pi iici ich. uch cpi ivi, if, f EEP i M4 M P 1 T f if Mch 3, 217

11 . Th T f if h i ii, ih i p i if Efc Li L $5 Fi. I ii, k ki iic h upi i cch i ich pu h f h T. Aii, h Evi P (I cu ii A) ivi quib ich,, c. i ich i vii ic c i. Pp cciv ci i qui. Th vp f c ic, b- h u ci i bi vp b h T f if L p i cui ih Eii, Pubic k, u ff h ivii. Th vp f ic / h u chi phibi iici ich, pvi f cpic ih pvi ci f -cpic, h x pi b, i b vp. A p h M4 pi, h ic, b- h u ci h b vp, h MEP, icu i hi p ihi f h ffciv f hi Pi (b Ju 1, 218). Oc ip, h pcific ic i b icu i hi M P Iici ich ci Eiii chu Th T, h MEP, h pf h BMP i ccc ih h fi chu: L p/ Mh/Y f BMP Iiviu Ipi vp i IE P P/Eii Ju 1, 218 vp i p f M4 Eii/ Ju 1, 219 uf i pii b Bii, T Ei vp ciiz pi p Eii/ Ju 1, 218 b Bii, T Ei Ebih uhi phibi P/Eii/ Ju 1, 218 iici ich L vp c kpi f Eii/ Ju 1, 217 IE cki b Bii, T Ei M4 M P 11 T f if Mch 3, 217

12 A IE i ih P/Eii Ju 1, 217 pu f cc H Mcu, P b Bii, T Ei i M4 ifucu Eii Ju 1, 22 Mppi b Bii, T Ei p i p f M4 Eii Ju 1, 222 uf huhu b Bii, uicipi T Ei iiz pi iiz p ici f iici ich h T bi.t.if.c.u// Yu.p / cc b. Bii, P.E., T Ei b i v@ifc.v. A cpi f i vib h bi. Oc h ciiz p h b cu ih h, i ci, h Eii p ih h ic f Pubic k h p c h i i ivi h iici ich ihi i fhi. Th c kpi i b h pibii f h Eii p. Up cu ci f iici ich, h T i pf fuh ivii, pi b h MEP, i p ii h ich cu h ich b ii b h pib p ihi 6 f i cfii. If h ich c b ii ihi h 6 pi, h chu i b vp cu ii p ii h ich, bu h xc 18 f h i f h cfii f h iici ich. c i b ii b h T f iici ich b civii i icu h fi, ppicb: ci, cipi, () f ipci, pi, ci() k, f v pi pib p(i). Th iici ich b civii i b icu i h T Au p vp f Li Mp f h M4 O Op ich Th Eii p h b upi kpi cu cic i f h T fu icui buii,, pki, iv h u cv chciic. Aii, h T h cpi cphiv p f cci cp, i hf f vib h T Eii p. ihi 2 f h ffciv f h pi, h i p f M4 uf i h Ubiz A pii i b cp. p ppi, i ccc ih h Pi qui, i b cp b Ju 3, 222. M4 M P 12 T f if Mch 3, 217

13 Ech h Au p i up h p f h up b ppi f ich. 1. F phphu, i bci hi P i h pu u h IE P pic fiu. ihi f h ffciv f hi pi, h T i vi xii pici, pcu ic i i vf. I hu b h h T hv cbi. 2. Th T h xii ubufc ip Oic. Th T h If Ifii i i Oic hich k pv vf b uci ui i h. Th p ivv uci i, ipci (icui ipci h i f f h ppi), i f c vi h f h qui p f pi f h c f v b h. 3. Th Hh p f h T i b cu iif hiic -i i fiu hi pxii bci ipi, f ifii i, h u. 4. Th Au p i uiz hi pic fiu p ch iif fii ci k uc pu. I ii, h T h Aquif Pci ui h T ivii h civ ipci p pv pu f i uc bh i h u i fi i h Aquif Pci A f IE P pibiii Th T f if p i cciv k h phibi, cu h iii f iici ich h M4, pi b. Th fi p/p hv pibiii f h IE p. if p f Pubic k ( ), H Mcu, P ic Mi Pi c. if Eii p ( ), b Bii, P.E., T Ei ich Iv Mppi; Iici ich pi T f if Pi Zi p ( ), Kci, T P/Zi Efc Offic Pi Zi Appv/Efc T f if I cu ii ( ), Ei O H, Evi Nu uc P pic ih Appv/Efc T f if Hh p ( ), Ei Hz,.., M.P.H., ic f Hh p pic pic. if L p ( ), Ji, pi u L Auhi Lii M4 M P 13 T f if Mch 3, 217

14 2.3.6 A Pii ki f ch Th pii ki f cch i b hi pi ci iici ich i vf (O) h pi/cu pubic hh iificc. Th ki u piiiz f ci/pi f uf icci, cch ivii f vic f iici ich O h bi f ii i i h IE P. Th T i, h MEP, ui h iv pc cif ch cch i h M4 i h fi ci: Excu ch ih pi f iici ich b xcu f h IE P. Pb ch k upc f cibui iici ich b xii i Pb ch. Pb ch b c, bu b chu f cch ivii. Icu Pb ch i iii ki. Hih Pii ch i Pb ch ichi f cc pubic hh u pxii iiv cp (pubic bch, ci, iki uppi hfih b). B ii b h T i ccc ih h Pi uf/icci ci chciic *. L Pii ch i b h T pii b uf/icci ci cch chciic i ccc ih h Pi. hciic A i b cii h fi fc i Hih Pii L Pii: P ich cpi p. P h civi qui (hih pi f iici ich xci qui f bci; i v bv.5 ii p i; ufc v h qu.25 ii p i). i f i i (.., c, c h, i, c, iui ufcui ). A f uui vp ifucu (iui h 4 i h 4 ). cvi-cch c vic b pic. Hiic cbi. i f i pic (3 i ii u p hv fiu). uv. Th T i u i b ff cp h iii pii ki f cch ihi 2 f h ffciv f h pi (Ju 1, 219). Th T i up h pii ki u bi icu M4 M P 14 T f if Mch 3, 217

15 h ifi i h Au p. F ch cch bi ivi h Au p i icu vic f h k iici ich O, -i p cciv ci chu f cpi vifi cci h cfi iici ich O Ouf ci pi Pcu Th fi pcu i b ip, h MEP, f h h h ci pi f vic f iici ich O. Bi uf icci ci f h ( h.1 ich f if h ccu i h pviu 24 hu) h b pf f h Hih L Pii ch. h f i bv, p f h f i b cc f i, chi, cucivi, ii, E. ci., ufc pu. Fi iu b u f h i, ih h xcpi f bci, hich u b z ppv ic b. If f i bv h -vii hi upc iici ci hu b pf ihi k f h iii ci. A c h ci pi b b h iii -vii pi h pcific cicuc h f ii ifi/ic. Th Au p i iif h f-up ci h pp uc f ii f p. h ci pi i b pf h cfii f iici i ik h iifici f iici b vi ui h. h ci i h ub u f if h ccu puc ich, bu ui h pi i (Mch Ju). ch h h i ifi iici pib ipu h M4 pi u iic i h qu.5 ii p i, ufc h qu.25 ii p i bci v h qui cii h xcc i ufc cb cci f chi, h cch h b ci b Hih Pii k h p f ivii ch Ivii Pcu ch h k Pb Hih Pii h u pcu f cch ivii. Thi i icu vi f ppi hiic c f h f cc, h ipci pcu i cfi h uc() f h iici ich. Th pcu i f h ubii Fc h iic ik f i pic ipu h M4 u h cii. Th ubii Fc b ci f: Hi f O. pup/if i, iph k i ici hich cu u i O. Iqu i v f vic ui i cu bck-up. Ti-iv h c ch cuci vi bh i i. i f i i. M4 M P 15 T f if Mch 3, 217

16 i i k upc hv b cuc ih ui. i ifucu c. A f vic b cbi. A i i h 4. ip c-qui pic up qui pp f. Hi f uip c hh p ii ci i ip pic fiu. Th T i cu h pc bc f ubii Fc f ch cch, i h cui i h IE p p h ifi i h Au p. If ubii Fc p, h h cch h b ivi i ccc ih h Mh Ipci i hi P Mh Ipci Mh F cch h ubii Fc p, h ipci i b pf ivi h i k f h cch f upc iici ich O. Obvi pi i b h k f vui h upc iici ich O. Ivii pi i f h h bvi pi pviu i i hi P. Mh h c u cch i h ubii Fc i b pppi u huh f h. Th h ipci i h uf v up h f h upp pi v h uf(). ch ivii pcu f h k juci h i b p xi f h ivii. Obv i h p h f i f uuu viib i f iici cci (.., xc, i pp, bci h, i puc p). If f i p h f i b p f i, ufc chi (fi ki b u p i b ppv ic b). Bci / cucivi i c b c bi f iici f i f i bckh. h viu/fc pi iic pi iici ich O, h ii h h h b f ivi fuh b up h ivii / ii i ii fhi cib bv. Mh h b ipc f h ivii h ubii Fc p. h ivii i b vi f ppi hiic p/c h ipci i hh h-iuc f i i hih u i vic b pic u i ich f i f h M4. A h ci pi h uf f cch h ubii Fc p. Th pi i b c h h ivii h b cp. A h h ci pi u h ubii Fc c i b cu i h Au p. M4 M P 16 T f if Mch 3, 217

17 v fii f Iici ich O h uc f iici ich O cfi, h T i k f h ich. Th Au p i icu fi ifi f h cfi Iici ich O: ci f h ich h uc(), cipi f h ich, h f icv, f icv, f iii, iii fc ci i vu f f v. ihi f h iifi iici ich O, f-up ci i b cuc i h. h f-up cfi ci i b if ubii Fc hv b iifi. Oc iii cch ivii hv b cp iici ich v cfii h b cp (if c), f-up ci ihi 5 i b b h cch iici ich piiizi. Th T i cu ppicb p pv iici ich O. Th h cu u i ciu b u f pi pvi pcu, f iifici f pi, pi (cci h TEEP ), ci pcu (f ppicb fciii T P, T cci ), cui (f ppicb fciii), pubic (cv u Pubic Picipi Ouch i hi P), ciiz cpi pc (u T bi) ii (iv pcific T p) IE P Ipi G Mi Th T i k b ff f h fi IE i: h ci pi (h fi) f v M4 uf icci (xcp Excu Pb ch) ihi 3 f h ffciv f hi pi (Ju 1, 22). A i p i h Au p up h u. Ivii f h ci pi ihi 3 h f ivii pcu h 15 h f h ffciv f hi pi. ch Ivii Pcu i v cch f h M4 f Pb ch h ih h hih ki i h A f Pii ch; ih 8% f h Pb ch ihi 3 f h pi ffciv 1% f h Pb ch ihi 5 f h pi ffciv. ch Ivii Pcu i v cch f h M4 h ipu h vic b viu/fc p h i h qu.5 ii p i, ufc h qu.25 ii p i bci i h qui i ufc hv xci h bv v cb cci f chi ihi 5 f h ffciv f hi pi (Ju 1, 222). ch Ivii Pcu i 4% f h v b M4 cch ihi 5 f h pi ffciv, i 1% f h v b h M4 cch ihi 1 f h pi ffciv. M4 M P 17 T f if Mch 3, 217

18 ch h ci juci h, h ci pi c b h h ipci qui. Ivii ci cp i h h h h ci v f; vic f iici ich O i iic b pi viu/fc h; h ubii Fc iifi. Iic f h cki p ff i b cu b h T i h Au p b iici h ub f iici ich O h ub h hv b v, pc i c f h cch v b h M4 vu ui h cch ivii pcu vu f v (i). Tii i b u bi pppi p f h T h ivv i h IE P. Th Au p i pvi h p f ii h pf. 2.4 uci i uff Th uci i uff f h T f if i c ich ci ih iubc vp ih c f iubc. Th i bih pcu f iiizi pu uff f uch civii. A cuci civii b cuc i ccc ih h 22 cicu Guii f i Ei i cuci civii h iub h 1 c u b cuc i ccc ih h f cicu G Pi f h ich f i f uci Acivii L Auhi u, ui f uff f cuci civii xi i Zi ui, ubivii ui I cu ui (I) quii i c vic b i ii i p f h u ppv, h qui. Appic u cp ih h 22 cicu Guii f i Ei i hi i. A i Ei P i qui i Ei B i qui p f h Pi Zi ppv. Th T i vi xii ui, if c, up c ui,, h uhi quii vp, cuci i p cc ii cic ih h 22 cicu Guii f i Ei i, cicu Qui Mu h ppicb ich pi iu b h TEEP. Th uhi i ci ii u pc/ipv qui, c u ipci h pppi b vibii f p, civ ic p f vp f piv- i p, i p h bi h pi i ci i-juiici h cibu pu b h T M4 h M4 p b h (.., f cicu). ih pc ipvi qui, h zi/ubivii ui pvi: Th i qui b/buff f 25 f. 1 f. (pi h b f h zi iic) ci 6.4. M4 M P 18 T f if Mch 3, 217

19 ci 7.2.I fc i qui f i P ppici ( vp ii/iific ifici i), h h ii c pcib b cii... u h ccpih f h bjciv. ci I. f h ubivii ui h pcific qui f i f ubivii f. ci 4.13 f h if Zi ui i h h Pci v iic, hich h uff qui f ppi c i i Pubic upp h. Aquif Pci ui f h Aquif Pci iic phibi u ivvi ci hzu i, qui hzu i p f xii u ivvi ci hzu i. Th T i k vi, up (if ) ciu fc hi u ui ihi 2 f h f h T fi fic h bi f h ffciv f hi pi. u ui i uff pvi: ci f h Zi ubivii ui qui ifi i Ei i P (i P) f vp h h iub f uch vp i h ½ c. Hv, i-fi h xp f hi qui. Th cu ui fc h cicu Guii f i Ei i f Th xcpi c f iv h. Th vi vii b xi p b h Pi Zi ii icu: v xpi, xcpi, iv h Up h Zi ubivii ui fc h 22 Guii f ii Ei, T Qui Mu ppicb TEEP Pi. A u h ffc h h Pui P h i p f hi ppici f TEEP G Pi f ich f i Aci ih uci Acivii f iubc v 1 c Ip ii, i P vi & Ipci Pubic Ivv A ip ppch i u vi, pi ppv iubc vp pjc. A ppici f vp f f h ppicb p f vi, i i h pi ch i ih M4 M P 19 T f if Mch 3, 217

20 f h ff b icu p iu, icui c. Buii pi ppici cu f ppicb p b h Buii p. i ipci : & E c ii/ic i ui ipc b h I cu ii - bi b Pi Zi. Th Pi p i k ci ih h Buii p h iubc f 1 c i f Pi Zi, hich pi h ppic c b ifi bu h qui EEP Pi, qui h h ubi hi Pui P h T. A vi f h ui i b uk i icu: vii h ubivii ui h h qui pvi pcifici. Th T i i h pc f upi h h Pci iic b pcific phibi civii ivvi hzu i i h Pubic upp h, up qui. I i icu h pcific qui i h Pci E. u, if h i pjc ppv b Pi Zi, h T P pf ipci pi h f h i Ei B. i Ei fc i pf b h T P h h i pcific cpi. Fuh, h I cu ii cii pi ppv ih h qui f h pp ii f qui i c u. I pjc, i c pfc b i qui. Th Evi P piic ipc i ui iubc p cuci ph i i cpic ih h qui. Aii, h I qui ic p cu p f h ppici pc. Th p qui i qui b icp i c h c. A p f h ipci f h i i c u h T ff u chck f bviu i f ipp. Pcu f i P vi h icp pi qui ipc cu bi ip. A vi f h i P i cp b h T P, T Ei Evi P, h i ppv b h Pi Zi ii. A h i-p i i h ih piv f h Hh p, Eii p, ivii, Fi Mh, p Pi p icu iu pi pi ppici. Pcu f cip cii f ifi ubi b h pubic f Pi Zi h pibii f h Pi p. Th pibii f h I i h Evi P. A i pibii f bh p i qui fi cpi f i, bui, cu, viu ci vp pii u vp i h T f if. Pubic ic i chiv b pubici i h pp pi f h i h T k ffic h T bi. M4 M P 2 T f if Mch 3, 217

21 Th ip cii f pii, i p vi, ipci pubic c u uci i uff cu ipc Pi Nifici Th T i k vib ifici (pi h Pi I p) vp h h bi bi uhizi u h TEEP G Pi f h ich f i Aci ih uci Acivii if hi vp vp iub h c f. Th ifici if h vp f hi bii pvi cp f hi Pui P up qu b h T. Th p i h ic h ppici f. 2.5 P-uci M i N vp vp L Auhi Th vp f ic, b-, ui, cii ppv h pppi uhi b h T, h MEP, quii vp ci ipc vp (LI) uff uci i pi vp pcic pi h cii f h pcic. Th i icu h u ui qui xc h LI uff-uci pcic i h Qui Mu. u, LI u qui/ci i f f h z u h Zi ui. A vi up i b cuc xp hi qui/cii h pppi. Thi vi i ivv h L U ff, cii h p f Eii. Th uhi i k ff icu vp f i h cu vp ih ic c Ipviu A (IA) f 4%, i i hf h qui vu f h i, f vp vp f i ih h 4% IA, i h qui vu f h i. A iv i i u hi pi b ci b h T pi h pcific cicuc. u p-cuci uff c qui cii f ppv f cuci pi. I ci c Th T ubivii ui (b ubivii v iz ubivii xcu) qui -i i bi pk f. A p f i/i bi i qui p f h i P. F ii vp, h ppic i qui pc ic h L c iici h h pp i qui ii h bi. A vi f h ui i b uk pvi pcifici i h qui f h p. Th vi i icu ipi f ic f xii bi i hi pibiii b pcic. Th T qui i f vp i-i i chb h fi ucu pi fi ich h ufc. Th T v i up h i cuci, u ui, pi ppici p vi pc, cuci ipci fc p icp p-cuci pcic. M4 M P 21 T f if Mch 3, 217

22 I h bih f h uhi u P-uci M, h T i ci h fi: Miiiz h u f ipviu ufc. Pv, pc, c cic iiv h pvi qui bfi. Ip pcic h pv uc h ipc. k vi pv hifici f h. Ip h pc h vi. Ip h pc iv i. Th T i vi c vi / ii uhi f P- uci M ihi h pi qui ( ) b Ju 3, uff uci LI Mu uff uci LI Mu b ip b h T qui b u b h vp h pib p f vp vp i h M4 h ppicb f h IA ci b ip h MEP ihi 2 f h ffciv f hi pi. Oh cii h b ip b h T iii uf h c cuc buii, uiii, u, pki, cc, b cui c pv i, ii cic ih h cicu Qui Mu, f vic b pic, ci ih h T Hh p k u f pp cuci h f h (ci ih TPH Tchic f ubufc ip ) IA cui Tcki Th T i, h MEP, ccu h IA cibui uff ch M4 uf ihi 3 f h ffciv f hi pi. Th ccui i b b h T Eii p h T i p b uii pvi b TEEP. Th Au p i pvi ch pi ccui vi h IA i vp, vp, fi pjc ffciv v IA i h M L T Mic Eff ip ic p i i p, b h T piv p h h T h bii ii c i h Ubiz A h cch f h M4 ih ih IA f h 11% hich ich ipi hich ich civ f h M4 i b b h T. T h b f h T bii, u ipci i b f h i i p v f ccuu i i fu i cpci h i i fu b i xc f 5% i cpci. M4 M P 22 T f if Mch 3, 217

23 Th ic p icu ucu f i cc, i/i p, qui i ihi h Ubiz A h cch f h M4 ih ih IA f h 11% hich ich ipi. Th ff ii h ic p ucu b h T piv- ucu h h T h ic bii. T h b f h T bii, u ipci i b f h ucu v f ccuu i i fu i cpci h i i fu b i xc f 5% i cpci. Ipi f h bv ic p i ihi 2 f h ffciv f hi pi. F ipi (Ni, Phphu Bci) f pi i i pb h T i k ip p f h pb u h fi P i h x ci f hi P (Pui Pvi G Hukpi). 2.6 Pui Pvi/G Hukpi f Muicip Opi Th f pi ic p f Pui Pvi G Hukpi i pv uc pu uff f h M4. Th T i ip pi ic p pv uc pu uff f fciii pc qui Ep Tii T ff i cu i h h hi b h ic f Pubic k iici ich p p h pf ic. Thi p i ciu. Iici ich ii i b vi xp p h pf ui ipci i Pjc ic ucu uf ci. I ii, T G Mic ff i i pp i ic i pcu f pp pi pvi, c cuu. Th ii cv h iiu c u. Th bv ii u hi c u i ciu huhu h pi i b cu i h Au p Ifucu pi, hbiii fi P Th f h pi hbiii p i uc ii h ich f pu f i M4. Pii b h uf ichi pu, ipi, ipci bvi ui uf ppi h fc. ucu ipc ui ui ic. I ii, i Pjc i i f T piv i ucu (h h T h h bii ii) h pb f ich ipc, ii / up f ipv pi. Up pi p i p h T u bu. Th T f if h bu ifi h h i cuc ipv. Eff bi cu ipc chiqu cu v f v i iu f ii i ucu pip. Th T i ciu iif h fi c b ip. ui h u f 217, h T p cuc uicip pki ihi h ubiz. Th p i M4 M P 23 T f if Mch 3, 217

24 fi h xii i hc h qui cu u ch, huh h u f i fi P Th f h fi P u hi pi i icc xii IA. Th IA i ci icc h h pppi Qui u h b i pviu icu i ci 2.5 f hi P. Thi b ccpih ih fi vp pjc (bh pubic piv) h uiiz LI uff uci u h b hich i ifi i h u i u ihu ufc ich. A vp pjc i h ifi xii vp i f h pup f hci xpi. A fi pjc i h ifi xii vp i f icci IA. Th Pi Zi p i c i f ppv vp/fi ppv f h p fiv (5) h p f Eii i i ih hi qui. Th T f if h b cui IA icci huh i u b. O -vp pjc, h fib, h T h qui ifii qui hc u. ui h cu f h Pi, h T i f qui ipc vp (LI) chiqu pf h f vp/-vp b ifi i u ui. Th T i k ff ck IA icci u bi i h ffciv f hi pi. Th cki i b h c f IA h i icc u f vp fi pjc ihi h M4. f 5 pi h ffciv f hi pi c b u f icci f IA f vp fi pjc. Th u f IA h h b icc i b uiz i h Au p f h p i ciu huhu h pi. fi pi i i h pi h iifi piiiz i h b uib f fi. Piiizi b b uf h ich ipi, ihi h Ubiz A f h M4, cch ih h 11% IA. I h Au p f h hi f hi pi, h iifici piiizi f h fi i b icu ih h i f h ci f h fi. fi chui i b icu b h f h pi ipi f h fi pjc iifi i h fi pi ph i bi. Th T i k ff h f 1% p f h T IA f h fuh fifh f h pi f 2%. If h bv c b, h Au p i icu h pc f IA i b icc h h cu b ch. Th Au p f h fifh i icu h ciui f h fi p ih pbb f 1% f IA i ch hf h b f h T bii M4 Pp Opi Mic T p ppi, pk h fciii i ci vii ipi f ic h iiiz h ich f pu h M4. Mic icu h fi: M4 M P 24 T f if Mch 3, 217

25 Pp ppici f fiiz b T p hi cc T. T pk i h h f i p p qui b h T p f Pubic Hh. Th T ccp cippi. Th i T-i k pick-up i h fi k f Nvb T-i buh pick-up i h pi. Th T P h h uhi iu u if pp k v i h. P ff i b k iif h ipppi p pcic pp p h qui. Ic pubic uci pib fc i b ci b h T (.., i, fi, c.) Th T Li Ti pp h i. f h fi b h pubic ccu hu b iifi h pubic ci b pi i icu h fi f bi. Buii fciii b h T ipi b pcic f h u, ip f pu -pu puc. Th T cu h ff h i i h pp pi pvi, c cuu (P) pcu f ci T fciii. Th pp P pcu f b h T f vhic quip h pi ii h T P fcii T F f h i ic , Pki M4 Mic pi i pf u b Api pb b h T P ih p. M4 pii i b icu pii. A i hv ic pu pi i b icu pii. Th i p h ihi h, h MEP. Th ic f P h ic ff u vui f piiizi h h qui pi h c p. ucu ipc ui ui ic. Up pi p i p h T u bu. F cuci pjc, h T i ip h f i ii h u f cch bi, h pib. Thi i h f f i ic h jc vi h. -ici u f ic cv h b ch iu chi (ic 28). Pviu h T u cciu chi f ic v. N i u ui ic v i h T f if. Th T P ciu hv cch bi ci ipci p. I hi p, h cch bi f ipci ci fi b cc i h Ubiz A. A cch bi fu b h 5% fu f i i chu b c. c bi kp i ciu b kp f h ipci ci fquc icui h fi ifi:, ipc, f cch bi b c p i f h ci. M4 M P 25 T f if Mch 3, 217

26 Mpp Ouf qui u hi G Pi i ci 2.3 f hi P h p f h uf i icu i Ach A. T ff i cu i h h hi b h ic f Pubic k iici ich p p h pf ic. Thi p i ciu, bu iici ich ii hu b xp p h pf ui ipci i Pjc ic ucu uf ci. I ii, T G Mic ff i i pp i ic i pcu f pp pi pvi, c cuu. Th bv, Pki M4 Mic c u i ciu b ip huhu h pi up f ch, p, ch h v ifi i b pvi i h Au p Icc M4 A p f h ic f p f icc M4 (ihbi T, iiui OT) i h pi pu f, cibui u c u, h T i k ff ci ih h h p i hi pi ic pcu uc ibui Pu h M4 T c h cibui f pu h M4 h T i p f pu p icui i, phphu bci. Th ci, uf chciic, bvi ic i b pvi i h Au p f h pviu pi. III. HAING EPONIBILITY 3.1 Quifi Lc P Th ff f hi p izi f h u h bi c-up ip BMP u Pubic Ivv/Picipi. If hi p i ipi BMP, h h pi i iic h h ii Au p. I ii, hi p ub-cc pib f BMP h Huh Hzu P, Ecic cci P h pi Fcii, h ub-cc u cc h T pvi h ipi f h vic. 3.2 Quifi F P F fciii i h T h qui b pi u h G Pi f h ich f Aci ih ci Acivi Iui Acivi u b h TEEP, h pi h u cfi h h fciii pfi BMP, uch G Hukpi Pui Pvi Miiu Mu. Eff b h pi chck BMP ipi f fciii i h T f if h hv h G Pi f h ich f Aci ih ci Acivi Iui Acivi i p ic h c b pvi b h TEEP. M4 M P 26 T f if Mch 3, 217

27 3.3 ii f Pi pibiii Th cicu p f Tpi (TOT) p h M4 hih c i h T f if. Ipi f BMP h hih, uch bi v, pi ci f cch bi i h pibii f TOT. Th cii ff b h T f if h TOT picu ip h ifc b h. Th T i OT bui i icui h pp ci hi civii u cpic ih h pi qui. I. OPEATION AN MAINTENANE 4.1 Pp Opi Mic Th T f if P ih h T p p fciii f c f chic ic vhic h quip ihi ci u h ici f quifi ff. N ic hi civii pf u.. PLAN EQUIEMENT 5.1 Kpi h P u Th Pi h h P hv; (1) h i ch hich h h pi cu pui h f h f cicu; (2) h ci qui b h P fi u qu pc i pui f h f h ; (3) h ii qu ifici h P. Th P h b cp ci qui b uch P h b cp ihi i pi i b h ii. Th ii if h pi i ii i h h P f h qui f h G Pi. ihi 3 f uch ifici, u hi pcifi b h ii i ii, h pi h p h ii iici h h p if h P h qui. ihi 9 f hi p ihi 12 f h ii ifici, hichv i, u hi pcifi b h ii i ii, h pi h h vi h P, pf ci qui b h vi P, h cif h ii h h qu ch hv b ip. Th pi h pvi uch ifi h ii qui f h vui f h P i ipi. 5.2 Fiu Pp vi I v h fiu cp P i ccc ih ci 5(b) 6 f h G Pi iv pi pibii ip ci qui pc h f h cp ih cii f h G Pi. M4 M P 27 T f if Mch 3, 217

28 I. MONITOING 6.1 Mii qui Ipi Ouf Ivii Mii Th T i, h MEP, cp ih h ci ii qui f ipi uf ivii ii. Th M4 hu b vu f i ipi f i, phphu, bci cu ( f cc f h M4). A i ppi f uf h ipi i b up u h Iici ich, ci Eiii (IE) P (ci 3) f hi P, i b uiiz piiiz h uf ipi f i, phphu bci. u ii h b cp i h p f h M4 b viu cu. Th c u M4 ii cp i 216 f h (2) cci, (2) ii (2) iui z uf. Th uf h hv b ivi i i h p b icu i h pp ii f pii uf, ic h uf h h pi i h p. Ouf ci f phphu i i pp b f uf ipi h phphu i h pu f cc. Th pi hu b ui quifi i v. Th ci hu b c ui h f hi pi f ipi h phphu i h pu f cc. Ni phphu ci c b ih fi iui b i p f b i b cifi b. If h i phphu ci xc h hh f >2.5 >.3 ii p i, pciv, h f-up ivii hu b vu. Ouf ci f bci hu b pf f h M4 f ich ipi h bci i h pu f cc. Th p hu b k ui quifi i v ubi cifi b f E. ci cif i (fh ich). F-up ivii hu b vu f E. ci >235 ci p 1 iii (c/1) f ii >41 c/1 f h, cif >5 c/1. If h pi c cu h h bci i f u uc h h i xcc, h h pi i qui pf f-up ivii f hi uf(). If uf ci f h pu f cc h h i, phphu bci f ipi b qui pi h pcific ifi pvi ui h ii/ppi f ipi. I h c, ubii p hu b k h uf i- ii up hi ui h ifuc f h uf. Tubii ci c b pf b fi iui p cifi b f i. If h uf p i h 5 NTU h h i- p, h h uf hu b iifi f f-up vui. Ouf ci f h pu p ih T Mxiu i L (TML) ci i b vu b h T h p k hi b fih ff ip pppi BMP chiv L Aci i h pcific TML Qui T. Ouf ci f h hih pii ich h cc b Ju 3, 219. M4 M P 28 T f if Mch 3, 217

29 6.1.2 F-up Ivii F-up ivii f uf ipi f xcc f i, phphu, bci, ubii hu b ivi i ccc ih h pi i fi u : i A Ivii fc civii h cibu ch uf iifi f f-up. uch fc icu: u vp p, bui cci civii, iui civii, IA, u cibui, M4 ic iu, ii civii, h civii h cu cu h ipi(). Mu Ipi ch uf i iifi f f-up ivii, h T i k p ip BMP fcui h ipi k h c u f hi P Piiiz Mii Oc h T h p c hf h uf f h ipi ii, h T i p uiiz h ci u c ix (6) f h hih cibu f pu f cc. Th ix (6) uf h b p u f h pppi pu f cc chu Lii ppi f ipi hu b pp ihi 2 f h ffciv f hi pi. Ouf ci hu bi ihi f h ffciv f hi pi. Th, h MEP, i hv 5% f h uf ipi c h h f h hi fi h ffciv f hi pi. A uch uf ipi hv f bi c b h f h f hi pi. F-up ivii h u p h pi qui, hu bi h 2 fi h ffciv f hi pi. Th u piiiz uf ii f h ix (6) uf ipi hu bi h h fuh fi h ffciv f hi pi. pi i b cp b ubii h Au p ch f h, bvi p f h pviu ci ii f ipi h Mii Pcu p h b cc f h ich uf f v h puc ich f h uf() h ccu 48 hu f pviu v. Gb p h b u f h ii. Th p h b cc ui h fi 6 hu f v ich. p f h ich h b k ui h v. M4 M P 29 T f if Mch 3, 217

30 6.1.6 Ev Ifi Th fi ifi u b cu f h v i: Th, pu, i f h f ich, i f pi, iu (ich) f h v; Th ph f h uci if ( cc ih h u); Th ui b v p h f h pviu ub v. M4 M P 3 T f if Mch 3, 217

31

32 Fiu 1 T f if u Mp uh Pi M4 M P 32 T f if Mch 3, 217

33 h i c p i v BAE MAP ATA - A i b 1:24, c ip phic, pc hi b, bui, i, ip, hph. B p i ih cu cp. TEET ATA - B TA cpih. ONTOU ATA - iv f i 1f ii Evi M (EM) ufc b T c p Hi E Hi h Pu i Qu i i Pi c Mi L Bi L L fi Hi P L xb u 2 Hi P ch i H B 2 kf O E ivi T i Fx u Pi H P u if i L h i T i L 1 P ch k i L F i Hb i Pi L i h i h B A i i H i Pi v i i f i i Nh Bf Pi iv 2 v v Fi Li P ivi.5.1 Bich Bich Hu i i Ov H 15 1 P Hi MAP AN IGITAL ATA - ii h T EO bi f hi p vi f h i PF f. ii h T EP bi h b p ii pi h hi p. L Ei k L i u M iv P Hi h cicu 2 LiA u vi. Th Uivi f cicu, f L U Euci ch (LEA) c h EM i i fi i p ih ifi f cu i UG 1:24,c pphic p. Ab i H L v 1 ATA OUE P Hi I9 P Hi 1 A i I9 u M i 15 A O c u i 91 P Hi Och P 1 L L F uk, cc uv i. Thi u i p h ffc h v ccuc pppi u f iv puc uch h cu i. ih hi ifi, f h f h c b ci. G p chciz b i pc cu i, hi p p p b c pc cu i. u i h c fi huh v f icb if i f -hp fci ih h px f h pii up. Mi u ch c A v i L u I Hi i 1 I9 B H A v Fi F Pu E T p M 2 E i P H Hi h k Hi c B b L H B k v 1 I9 1 I9 2 b i h M i i B i J h P v M p i B h A E M Hi I 91 G i B I 91 B A P P i h 5 I 91 U 5 H M U hi Li c i O B k u I 91 5 u 91 P P L G A i i v H ff L M i i M T i B i P L c h i 5 u 5 H U 5 h H i U c v i B M i F i F i Ex h i v A i k P ci v A v J F P k Up p Bu Tp k H f A i i h i i i Iv i F iv v i G P k Li c P M i u 15 H 15 u H ib u H H Ki H P i h k 2 T i i Th u i u i M A v M u T u Tp k f H b u c L 3 M p 3 i 1 i h Hi L i A.2.3 L u i u vi bv v. Thi p ip 2 f cu i b ifi f i cci f u vi LiA f h 2. Thi ifi i uib f pi ifi pup. I i i f xc ii f vi h uv i qui, f i ii, buii, i pup. Th cicu LiA f 2 cpu u vi v 2 f hiz ccuc f ppxi 3 f h u. Bi ch EXPLANATION L M i c k 3 M 2 k B M u i H N T b k M 5 L vi A v M i H U ix H 7 5 ic Mu k Hi Hi i Ai P h L i T M b G Buk Hi Ipc L v Fi ck 91 Li i Bi ch h Ok P L i H L Fi-Li P ONTOU MAP if, T (uh) 1 B bl P I 91 I9 u ic k L 2 4 H F G i v v A F i u 4 i A Bk h u G Pi 1 i f B i H h N c E I9 A Hi M 2 iv u L c 1 P Hi E ch M i O 2 4 I9 N Au H u I9 H i u Ki G Ac E O Quiipic iv P i 91 P Hi G h i b B i 1 A h L L H Mu Iv u p Nh Hv i L c b L B k M M h u Ki A B p uc Lu c i E v E ch 5 uh G L L p P N h L h L O c M i Ki h Pi i L ck 2 L A u T uff c iff Ki T p Bi c K Mu i A Nu J F i i Ev P M p h 1 fc P k P hi Ex L h bi L Hi c c u b Ok v i Hi H H P M u Hkj Mi ch L 3 L Eck L H Hih ch A v i Gu L L i h A Bk P T L Khi T B k i H b L h Bk c h pi Gi B uc i c i h H i i k hii Upp Bu ic L c i h T M B Pi Bk K cz u h i i 1 u i h M u M Mu h L H L u i h c Bi v A 4 B P k P u M Quiipic Uivi 15 f A h M M u i Xi T G c 5 Hi Quiipic fi 6 u M h N 1 v A M G M 3 2 Bu ffu i h P M u v A 6 L h u L Mu M O i i 5 6 i i i 4 Fi 3 M L i ib ck B i T u h T i i A N G v A Pic k H i v i h Gv i Ak i i Li J c L c k c Li iv J ff Ex A v h B i i i u k P H O c h O M i A v u k b h Hi B z v 6 Mu 2 E i 5 Bu T i N B Li b Mc K i O u p ik Tu ch h J h c Pi A v f i h U Bi P p h c i h E i f B L Li L B ic k H k L k B N 4 B Buh A v ch Mc u J L T Ap p B qui L J h H i E i 4 Tu E 2 L B k L b h 3 3 O O k P H 3 c h M k Nic p h u L 4 Mic h i Ok M Hi B i i Bu Bu Hi Au u c h L v h u i v 3 H i v u h i u H c h u O L L O Tu c h B u 3 c ' h P L O P k vi h hv i Mi O U i u L ip P 4 iv i i Buh Bk i G h u h k Fu P L E M k i if b B O P 2 F L u J Tu Pi c p i Ac u Buh P M i L h h i i v c P Quiipic iv N i L A h G q h u c h Bk b F Ex J u à if i Qui ipic u i L F P 15 L k p ic Hi M ck Qui ipi c O B Hch Bu v A u h i H Hi k i i fb Lu v i i i H kh h i T Bvi i h Pu P pi B k L i O v i O B u 2 hhi M 2 O F N bu L k Hi E ch L i O i v v G v A G 2 H 22 u p Pi i v i Mp pp b T EP, M 211. Thi p pc ii cu p h Auu Mi P i f 1983, Z 3526 Lb f ic Pjci Nh Aic u f 1983 TATE OF ONNETIUT EPATMENT OF ENIONMENTAL POTETION 79 E Hf, T

34 Fiu 1b T f if u Mp uh Pi M4 M P 33 T f if Mch 3, 217

35 h i Ai i 1 A i L ii I9 3 H 7 T i H F Mui 5 b v H N 7 K i Li H h i K i Li k k kl L b i Hu Bi i H h i 3 H Li Ki M L c P 5 L A h u L L P Nh Bf Ac Guif 3 5 EXPLANATION u i u vi bv v. Thi p ip 2 f cu i b ifi f i cci f u vi LiA f h 2. Thi ifi i uib f pi ifi pup. I i i f xc ii f vi h uv i qui, f i ii, buii, i pup. Th cicu LiA f 2 cpu u vi v 2 f hiz ccuc f ppxi 3 f h u. L P 2 i f Gi Ki G p P Bich Bich 5 4 M i u i K c Li Hic k L B c i ff Hii i L H 17 u P O 17 F Hi p L 3 u 6 2 H Ac N E Pi H Mb L p i ONTOU MAP if, T (uh) P O G ic k L i J G p Hi H ch u B B kf i L Oxb u kf O T i H L i Li L i L ci F Bu Ti F x H Ok Li Li p i h L i T Li ' P h i Hi A i Mi Ai if h i F iv p H L i L Oxb L Mb L Ox b xb u A k i b M i Pi v H i Bichi Oxb Mb i iv c h 4 P i Bu L T i H T Fx u i H i M M b L H M 4 Hi P ch i 3 H P L Ev 4 L B L u Ki M H u h b Hi M i 4 T Bi L 2 M u i M u T i L Juip P 5 Hi B b Lkvi Mu iv Qu i Pu i 6 L kvi P F i h fi Hi 17 Y u Ap p Oc h P Hi E ch i k Ov Hb i Pi i h i L i i A Pipu Mui u B i T Tu L Pipu P Bf f Gu Pi c N h h u L h B i E Hi 3 A Bk H 15 1 Tc p i L 1 Hi b H Ac H Ac Tu b i i H I9 i Mu 1 p F P Hi 15 1 uh I M u u b 6 B f c 91 c b T H b M 4 I H B f M i 5 i H i h i P c 2 4 P Hi 1 Hi L M L I9 H L A L u 2 P ch P I9 L u i L ck B 3 E v E ch 91 h L 1 Ei k v K Hkj Mi ch B Fu P L 2 L I9 p T u h L H Hih ch A i Ai c H L Li i M McKzi vi k bl 4 k u 2 c b H u L L H i 3 i u B i Pi T i I9 i 3 u L h L 1 k H G h 4 M u 5 6 Bf h k c B k E if 4 I9 hp P h G 6 h I9 i u Mc G u i h u i Ex k A v Pu E Ubich vi B k b L k Pk i h H Bu k v Hi c A H P c P i c A v B b L u J B h A i Khi ' h Ki 5 p Hi O i i H hv i G 3 i i B N M i P Au u h b L h L F p i ck B L L p i i v J h P v M i O c L A Gi i v i ib P E h L E T i M i h 2 Hf f F i L L F i E x Bu ffu 91 i v H B i i u ck Hi E ch i Hi c vi Ab M i O ck Hi B i P u E 1 c i L u ip P I9 Jb p h i uh if 3 Pi c N ck Hi F uk, cc uv i. Thi u i p h ffc h v ccuc pppi u f iv puc uch h cu i. ih hi ifi, f h f h c b ci. G p chciz b i pc cu i, hi p p p b c pc cu i. u i h c fi huh v f icb if i f -hp fci ih h px f h pii up. ATA OUE BAE MAP ATA - A i b 1:24, c ip phic, pc hi b, bui, i, ip, hph. B p i ih cu cp. TEET ATA - B TA cpih. ONTOU ATA - iv f i 1f ii Evi M (EM) ufc b h cicu 2 LiA u vi. Th Uivi f cicu, f L U Euci ch (LEA) c h EM i i fi i p ih ifi f cu i UG 1:24,c pphic p. MAP AN IGITAL ATA - ii h T EO bi f hi p vi f h i PF f. ii h T EP bi h b p ii pi h hi p Mp pp b T EP, M 211. Thi p pc ii cu p h Auu Mi P i f 1983, Z 3526 Lb f ic Pjci Nh Aic u f 1983 TATE OF ONNETIUT EPATMENT OF ENIONMENTAL POTETION 79 E Hf, T

36 Fiu 1c T f if u Mp Nh Pi M4 M P 34 T f if Mch 3, 217

37 u i h M u i L Hi b Ti T A h E v i I T i H v c h M i 1 b i 3 F k N B h L k i p G uc T Y A v G G L A v i O c Y P k Y I u i M i B i B I u P i k i B I u M i Ex M i B P Ex M i M i 3 k 2 8 H 68 q 5 TEET ATA - B TA cpih. ONTOU ATA - iv f i 1f ii Evi M (EM) ufc b Th u A x MAP AN IGITAL ATA - ii h T EO bi f hi p vi f h i PF f. ii h T EP bi h b p ii pi h hi p. G i b Hi ik v i Pi M i M i u G T u i O u h O u h NO 2 L h O u h Bk M i Ac i Bk h ii E u i i A v B u.5.1 v Bi L j 3 Hi M p F Bi E ui i Hi h h i P Ic O i i Mi u Lu p i u h i h i Ti L b 1 P M Y Bch E ch h cicu 2 LiA u vi. Th Uivi f cicu, f L U Euci ch (LEA) c h EM i i fi i p ih ifi f cu i UG 1:24,c pphic p. p I u i B M i Ki h Nh h i H 1 5 M i M p 4h c z P G ii P P Hi h h i u Ex h i i c h u c ATA OUE BAE MAP ATA - A i b 1:24, c ip phic, pc hi b, bui, i, ip, hph. B p i ih cu cp. M Pi c i i 5 O c h Ex Ju i Hi h O c h i h ch G Ã H Qui ipic O P b if i U B M ck L 68 F h u ch h cz P Bu Bi fb Lu G p c i 15 u ik p Tu i v P i 2 3 h i L k ic A v M A J i f L T M Mi ch i q u A L h b H M B v i i h u H c h h P h u N L O L O 1 p T L 3 v A A i Tu F uk, cc uv i. Thi u i p h ffc h v ccuc pppi u f iv puc uch h cu i. ih hi ifi, f h f h c b ci. G p chciz b i pc cu i, hi p p p b c pc cu i. u i h c fi huh v f icb if i f -hp fci ih h px f h pii up..2 u h.3 Mp pp b T EP, M 211. Thi p pc ii cu p h Auu Mi P i f 1983, Z 3526 Lb f ic Pjci Nh Aic u f 1983 TATE OF ONNETIUT EPATMENT OF ENIONMENTAL POTETION 79 E Hf, T Ju ip h u L Tu 6 pi c v A ui i O k H A v v Q Ok i 15 v A p M v A fb i u L M k P L K v c P h F O Ex u c h G u i k B c F p i i Mi h v A k B if M i Ex O L P c h i h i Ex 15 H P i H i h H v L L N bu L EXPLANATION u i u vi bv v. Thi p ip 2 f cu i b ifi f i cci f u vi LiA f h 2. Thi ifi i uib f pi ifi pup. I i i f xc ii f vi h uv i qui, f i ii, buii, i pup. Th cicu LiA f 2 cpu u vi v 2 f hiz ccuc f ppxi 3 f h u. u L u h i k Hi E ch i v i A 5 M h u L h 1 B 5 U H i u I P i b i P k H Pi E T L u H f H A c i ui Lk Mu T i Ap p Nh P i H K G iv 2 ONTOU MAP if, T (Nh) v 15 H H ik L f L u L k F P M 15 3 ubi u h M h k i L i F P T F Pkvi O F ui c i Zi i f P qu ic h M L h i J i Hi i Iv ch O T v A k P Bk M k i c i v H 15 Tu p i Pk F E ch P L Fh M F G 1 u i b 5 1 H i Q App L F u Luck P h L B p h Hi i L i Hi h H Th i f P pi Ki E M i i Hi h G p i T i P k k B B O H 6 8 h L F 3 Gi Bu u B c L h i H i f Bu c 2 u h T L i i H f M 1 h A h f f hi 5 1 H N P c x L H N P c E H P M i Ev k Hi P puc G Bk i v L T Bu fi O H 71 B k Hv Eizb h P Fi z B ii L 2 Hi i P u Ac ki 5 H p J i Bkvi G F i L M v i u chb T Ab L G F G i p bb i L T p Y i f L i J H M Mi ch i B Hi A v O Y Mihu Bk p i v A i Yvi Hi h J Pi p bu O Hi F Yvi E ch k h Pi P v p P h ck Hi Ju B b B u u i L E Pk P i 2 T u i G f h if 3 Gu L F T i h M Bk P J Ph i O N L u v i P k 3 G F Mk T hh Hih ch L B p p c h 3 v T i z H F i i i hi h N 7 H Ju u Hi i H i T h L Mi p Lu i B i i i c Mi i i i i 2 b u i i p M c k i H J huc h H 68 Hih E ch Ji Buc L H v c ic u Ex c i i Bu i i Bu i G G L ic Ap p L ub L i H 1 Hi h A v F c u B v b G p Th Hich cck i z J h ui i c i i M E i Ji Hi vi c i f i 1 i 3 c Lu i H M i Hu i F i h B x Tu i u ic 1 i N O B 5 h 4 h p Ap i Pi 68 B Bk Ev i h O N O Kik J ic x L 6 h i M u H L hipi Pi u L i z Hi L 15 B F c u T Ok L 7 h i L ic i F i P i f pp i v i T c k hbk i Th M i i M h i L 71 B i i h v i B k f h Bu v H v B b i i M u i G P Tc hi Hi Bh u iv 68 h i Bu i 68 hi Hi P Ni A P v G Ex H 3 i i Bu i v A h i P p hi L hu v Ev p L ck i v i Quiipic iv i A B i H p h B hi Hi B k h i h h h i k K z Y v M 68 H i k i b u Hicck P Y v i B T Mi-Mkh Muicip Aip 2 7 i h i h c B h Hp Bk P Mi H v 7 i M k h M p Ai p Gp L 7 K G i h i H B i 3 i L v H v B Bk vi u 3 Ni ch Ac 68 H L T 3 Mic h L J p P ch Bi i b i T i J 1 1 H h k P L H hhi B k uh Mi i h G L Bu k ic h L p G h Bi Hih ch i ip L Ju ck Bu b i G E k h B F Bu H u u b p h L h Miu P h i P O k G Hi G 2 P Ok Bk L

38 Fiu 1 T f if u Mp Nh Pi M4 M P 35 T f if Mch 3, 217

39 N p 4 Bi ch i F i v i I 91 Thp ch Pk 5 b k H H i Oxf T Mi T Gi b T I 91 Gi b u 68 H 68 u Qu ii H T Hi ' Au Bk uh 68 Pi Lk pi Bk uh 7 E 4 7 kb L 7 5 F uk, cc uv i. Thi u i p h ffc h v ccuc pppi u f iv puc uch h cu i. ih hi ifi, f h f h c b ci. G p chciz b i pc cu i, hi p p p b c pc cu i. u i h c fi huh v f icb if i f -hp fci ih h px f h pii up Ai i P 5 ATA OUE BAE MAP ATA - A i b 1:24, c ip phic, pc hi b, bui, i, ip, hph. B p i ih cu cp. TEET ATA - B TA cpih. ONTOU ATA - iv f i 1f ii Evi M (EM) ufc b h cicu 2 LiA u vi. Th Uivi f cicu, f L U Euci ch (LEA) c h EM i i fi i p ih ifi f cu i UG 1:24,c pphic p. MAP AN IGITAL ATA - ii h T EO bi f hi p vi f h i PF f. ii h T EP bi h b p ii pi h hi p i h Mp pp b T EP, M 211. Thi p pc ii cu p h Auu Mi P i f 1983, Z 3526 Lb f ic Pjci Nh Aic u f 1983 TATE OF ONNETIUT EPATMENT OF ENIONMENTAL POTETION 79 E Hf, T B c 5 Li H L M Th Nch B f pi Bk vi M ch i i h A 91 ib b I 91 i i I 91 b L A Mc N I9 EXPLANATION u i u vi bv v. Thi p ip 2 f cu i b ifi f i cci f u vi LiA f h 2. Thi ifi i uib f pi ifi pup. I i i f xc ii f vi h uv i qui, f i ii, buii, i pup. Th cicu LiA f 2 cpu u vi v 2 f hiz ccuc f ppxi 3 f h u. H h k P k f i Eck P E Gp u h 1 NO i bb ck u h NO 1 O J b uh NO 1 3 u i B H u k ih h B p p 1 ONTOU MAP if, T (Nh) v i P i N ck Hi O ck Hi u I 91 I 91 I 91 Pi B M Pki hu L G T Pi M i A u i Bk ck Hi E ch 68 L T i i L P i ui i 3 hi i u L P Hi Hi Hi h N h u p Mi u Nu T L Bi L Bi 3 u i L h Bk c F i L i P Th u O G h u 2 O NO h u O E M i Ju ip u h A v h i p N c i A x P Ic M i h i Ex u h p F i u I B M i M i 1 M i K v c P i 4h 3 Mi c h i Ai B i i Ex M i O P L c h Ex O c h Ex h u L 68 L uh h u h u 3 4 O u h T u O P Hi O c h i H B T H 3 7 k Tu i F 6 H u Hi h u 5 Hi v T B 5 8 ik N h uh T 1 6 P k T H u L k T T T T j Ki P H 91 pi Lk 157 B v T Hp T v T E T b L B M Up i 6 Fi Li Hi O u h O u h N O 2 i Mu iv Mi L Ac if B u u i h h i ik K i J ph i i G Hi G i b M Y Bch E ch z P H 68 Hi h B Ki L H 6 8 L u h u c H F Hi h v A L Mi i h h i i k M p vi Nh E u M c i F P i A c Lu p i J ff O P u Ti 4 b Nh F P f Ki h F c P i c i Hi h 15 i i M M p 68 NO v H 6 8 B B M i 68 i b 1 u B H f P i H L i i v B v i F i f B 68 H J ff i ii P P u c h 6 I 91 M i L i B c Th p L L I 91 i I B B I u P i k k 8 Ex 6 B H 68 N P h i H 6 P k I u i u i M i Ex M i U H 5 H Iv b p L 4 p L i z pi i p B P O B Nh F vi 5 7 i p i H u E F I i 3 P i B M i M i 1 k B T ch 7 Bu v i L u k P H 8 5 H 6 8 iffi 68 P up H h N u h i P uh P O Y h Mifi u h F O T h u c F h 8 up N I h p u P i k N h Y Hih Hi P i ch Pk k B k p 15 H fi L h N Mihu Bk u i b P Hi P 91 2 Y c M i 1 H O Mi c i Y M i 15 Mu phi ck 4 k F puc G Bk i i P Hi Hih Hi P 6 N F i i p G uc T Y B N 5 1 H i Tu ip u i O G k i v i G b i i E K v L i h L K c ch O A B k f f hi O B k H 15 i k i Ph T k ck Hi L 4 ic Mi b 5 i T k k 3 I 91 Mi I 91 h N O O O N u p h H 15 Bihp P hu Pi 1 ip Ib F i P i Ok ck Tu F i Tc Bi hipi Pi P 2 v B b i i P A P P c Lu i Ni P h B A v c Pu i Quiipic iv K Ez

40 Fiu 2 if, T ub-i Bi ufc ici Mp M4 M P 36 T f if Mch 3, 217

41 ALLINGFO ONNETIUT UBEGIONAL BAIN AN UFAE ATE FLO IETION Expi T Bu ubi h Bu ub. Bi I# - i b TEP cu Bi Ou Op ufc F ici 52 Th b pvi iic f ch ubi bi. h h f h bi ihi h, h pc f h, h pc f h cv b ch bi b_acitpcfbpcf ii pvi b h TEP. Mp cp b h NEMO pjc. F uci pup. 1 1 Mi T A: Ac Th Uivi f cicu, E: Nvb 2, 1999

42 Fiu 3 i M4 A (Ubiz A) f h T f if, T M4 M P 37 T f if Mch 3, 217

43 MEIEN HEHIE ALLINGFO UHAM HAMEN NOTH HAEN NOTH BANFO GUILFO MA NPE Ph II P Auic i M4 A T Ppui: u Ppui: NY T I if T u A (21 Ubiz A) Ki (Ppui i f 21 u). AFT Ubiz A: U u Buu (21) T Bui: NATEQ B p 29 Micf pi i uppi Mi U EPA i 1 GI Mp #8538, 6/26/212