Theoretical background of T.T. Brown Electro-Gravity Communication System

Transcription

1 Theoretial bakground of T.T. Brown Eletro-Gravity Communiation System Algirdas Antano Maknikas Institute of Mehanis, Vilnius Gediminas Tehnial University September 1, 2014 Abstrat The author proposed theory of ommuniation system working on gravity waves. Suh system of devies should work if the eletromagneti field urves spae-time. Theoretial results shows that the artifiial hange of gravity or spae-time urvature should observes at the distane muh more bigger than dimension of transmitter antenna. The artile ends with disussion details of tehnial properties of working eletro-gravity ommuniation system. Keywords Biefeld-Brown effet, eletromagneti gravity, eletro-gravity ommuniation, gravitational waves, gravitoeletromagneti equations, spae-time urvature. 1 Introdution By late 1915, Einstein published his general theory of relativity in the form in whih it is used today (Einstein, Two years later Levi-Civita (Levi-Civita, 1917 proposed that eah field energy urves gravity spae-time. Still in 1928 Brown patented apparatus generating propulsion by using of eletri field (T. Brown, 1928, this effet is known as a Biefeld-Brown effet. Theoretial explanation of this effet ould be based on the same proposal of Levi-Civita that eletromagneti field should urves gravity spae-time (Maknikas, Historially the first time gravitational waves (GWs was investigated when the quadrupole equation first derived by Einstein 1918 (Einstein, So it was logial to reate ommuniation devie based on GWs (T. T. Brown, But until now does not exist theoretial explanation of how works this devie. The aims of this artile are theoretial explanation of eletro-gravity ommuniation system based on Biefeld-Brown effet by using of linearised gravitoeletromagneti equations proposed by authors (Mashhoon, Gronwald, & Lihtenegger, 1999, (Clark & Tuker, algirdas.maknikas@vgtu.lt 1

2 2 The Spae-time urvature of eletromagneti field Aording (Maknikas, 2013 one ane explain Biefeld-Brown effet as spae-time urvature of gravity field indued by eletromagneti field as follow R= 32πG (ρ α g 2 (B 2 E2 2µ 0 2, (1 yielding the equivalent form of Rihi tensor 8πG R µν = g µν (ρ α g 2 2µ 0 (B 2 E2 2, (2 where α g is eletromagneti gravity oupling onstant. So, spae urvature of spheri gravity mass with radius r in terms of additional mass generated by eletromagneti field ould be expressed as follow R ρ eg = 32G 2 (ρ g ρ eg, (3 = α g (εε 0 E 2 B2, (4 2 µµ 0 where ρ eg and ρ g is eletromagneti mass and gravity mass density, aordingly. 3 Gravitoeletromagnetism equations Aording to general relativity, the gravitational field produed by a rotating objet (or any rotating massenergy an, in a partiular limiting ase, be desribed by equations that have the same form as in lassial eletromagnetism. Starting from the basi equation of general relativity, the Einstein field equation, and assuming a weak gravitational field or reasonably flat spaetime, the gravitational analogs to Maxwell s equations for eletromagnetism, alled the GEM equations, an be derived. GEM equations ompared to Maxwell s equations in SI units are (Mashhoon et al., 1999,(Clark & Tuker, 2000: E g = 4πGρ g (5 B g = 0 (6 E g = B g ( B g = 4 4πG 2 J g+ 1 E g 2 E g is the stati gravitational field (onventional gravity, also alled gravitoeletri in analogous usage in m s 2 ; B g is the gravitomagneti field in s 1 ; ρ g is mass density in kg m 3 ; J g is mass urrent density or mass flux (J g = ρ g v ρ, where v ρ is the veloity of the mass flow generating the gravitomagneti field in kg m 2 s 1 ; G is the gravitational onstant in m 3 kg 1 s 2 ; is the speed of propagation of gravity (whih is equal to the speed of light aording to general relativity in m s 1. (7 (8 2

3 3.1 A g and φ g potential fields Regarding the analogy of gravitoeletromagneti and eletromagneti equations the last one equations ould be used as a theoretial bakground of gravitoeletromagneti equations (Matulis, Introduing the salar potential ϕ g and the vetor potential A g defined from the gravitoeletri E g and gravitomagneti B g fields by: E g = ϕ g A g, B g = A g, (9 the four gravitoeletromagneti equations in a vauum with harge ρ g and urrent J g soures redue to two equations, gravity analogous Gauss law is: and the gravity analogous Ampre-Maxwell law is: 2 A g A g 2 2 ϕ g + ( A g=4πgρ g, (10 ( 1 ϕ g 2 + A g = 16πG 2 J g. (11 The soure terms are now muh simpler, but the wave terms are less obvious. Sine the potentials are not unique, but have gauge freedom, these equations an be simplified by gauge fixing. A ommon hoie is the Lorenz gauge ondition: 1 ϕ g 2 + A g = 0 (12 Then the nonhomogeneous wave equations beome unoupled and symmetri in the potentials: 2 ϕ g 1 2 ϕ g 2 2 = 4πGρ g, (13 2 A g A g 2 = 16πG 2 J g. (14 In the ase that there are no boundaries surrounding the soures, the solutions (SI units of the nonhomogeneous wave equations are and δ ϕ g (r,t = G ( t + r r t r r ρg (r,t r r = G r r ρ g (r,t d 3 r dt (15 d 3 r (16 ( A g (r,t = G δ t + r r t J g (r,t 2 r r d 3 r dt (17 = G Jg (r,t r r 3 r r d 3 r (18 3

4 where ( δ t + r r t is a Dira delta funtion. These solutions are known as the retarded Lorenz gauge potentials. They represent a superposition of spherial gravity waves travelling outward from the soures of the waves, from the present into the future. 3.2 Small wave soure Let start to investigate harmoni osillation of gravity mass density in eletro-gravity antenna as follow (19 ρ g (r,t = ρ g (re iωt (20 J g (r,t = J g (re iωt (21 Aording linearity of gravitoeletromagneti equations transmitted eletro-gravity salar potential depends from time in suh ase A g (r,t = A g (re ωt (22 ρ g (r,t = ρ g (re ωt (23 Inserting following equation into salar potential solution of gravity wave equation one ould obtain or ϕ g (r,t = G ρg (r,t r r 2 r r d 3 r = Ge iωt ρg (r e ikr r 2 r r d 3 r (24 ϕ g (r= G ρg (r e ikr r 2 r r d 3 r (25 Now one an apply for small soure (r d << r following approximation r r r n r (26 where n = r/r is normal vetor of propagating salar wave in kr diretion. So funtion in the integral one ould expand as follow e ikr r r r eikr = eikr r e ikn r r 1 (n r /r ( ( 1 1+ r ik (n r (27 ( 2 r 2 ik r k2 (n r 2 + (28 After insertion of following expansion one an obtain for salar potential ϕ ϕ = m=0 4 ϕ m (29

5 where ϕ m = eikr r ( 1+ a 1 ikr + + a m ( ik m (ikr m m! ρ g (r (n r m d 3 r ( Eletro-gravity spherial radiation Investigating first term of salar potential one an obtain for spherial gravity salar potential ϕ(r= Geikr r 2 ρ g (rd 3 r (31 Integrating integral for asymmetri apaitor one an obtain after replaing ρ g by ρ eg ρ eg (rd 3 r= 1 2 α gcv 2 (32 or ϕ(r= G 1 r 2 2 CV 2 e ikr (33 where C is apaitane of asymmetri apaitor and V is amplitude of eletri voltage and m mass of asymmetri apaitor. Now one an find for stati gravitational field following expression E g = (ϕ g (r= α gcgv eikr = α ggcv 2 ( ik r 2 2 n r 1 e ikr r 2 GCV 2 ike ikr 2 2 n r (34 Obtained expressions desribe propagation diretion of gravitoeletri wave. This wave propagate in normal diretion to the sphere with entre of asymmetri apaitor. The energy of stati gravity wave one an express as follow 4 Disussion S=4πG(E g E g= πg3 C 2 V 4 α 2 g k2 4 r 2 = πg3 C 2 V 4 α 2 g ω 2 2 r 2 (35 Analysing obtained result one an find dependene of gravitoeletri wave propagation energy from apaitane, voltage, frequeny and distane as follow S C2 V 4 ω 2 r 2 (36 T.T. Brown (T. T. Brown, 1953 desribed eletro-gravity ommuniation (EGC transmitter as a asymmetri apaitor onneted to the osillating high voltage. Author delared in other doument Projet Winterhaven - A Proposal for Join Servies and Development Researh that he used barium titanate dieletris with eletri permittivity at range for asymmetri apaitors, voltage about 100KV and frequeny a few Hz. Todays values of eletri permittivity are greater than for alium 5

6 opper titanate. So, one an hope to obtain five time bigger distane than Brown s obtained for the same voltage and frequeny. The working distane ould be inreased more four-five times by using of fratal apaitors in omparison to traditional apaitors. But if one will use 10MHz he should obtain inrease of working distane in km. Setion I desribing reeiver of EGC system of above mentioned patent is not available, and all further information generated by the U.S. Patent Offie appliation is unavaliable. The U.S. Patent Offie is onstantly sreened by the U.S. military. Inventions pertaining to, or having some bearing on advanes in weaponry, amouflage, defensive armor, ommuniation systems, and the like, are routinely lassified under the auspies of national seurity. In ase the desription of reeiver is hidden still today, so desription of the reeiver antenna should be grounded on theory proposed above. Dieletri material with a high permittivity is piezoeletri, so the same material should be used for reeiver antenna. For inreasing to maximum stress of dieletri material whih is indued by variation of urvature along of gravity wave one should use multiple half wave distane reeiver antenna as a symmetri apaitor. Inreasing of working frequeny one an redue not only dimension of reeiver and transmitter antennas but also and onsumption of dieletri material of apaitor antennas. 5 Conlusions It was proposed theory of ommuniation system working based on gravity waves. Suh system of devies should work if the eletromagneti field urves spae-time or in other words reate gravity field. Theoretial results shows that the artifiial hange of gravity or spae-time urvature should observes still in the distane muh more bigger than dimension of transmitter antenna. The disussion setion gives details of tehnial properties of working eletro-gravity ommuniation system. This system ontains transmitter and reeiver parts. The theoretial transmitter and reeiver was ompared with T.T. Brown patented and was made general onlusion that ommuniation distane depends on three parameters: apaitane of asymmetri apaitor, voltage and working frequeny of the system. Referenes Brown, T. (1928. A method of and an apparatus or mahine for produing fore or motion. U.K. Patent No Brown, T. T. (1953. Eletrogravitational ommuniation system (setion ii. US Patent. Clark, S., & Tuker, R. (2000. Gauge symmetry and gravito-eletromagnetism. Classial and Quantum Gravity, 17(19, Einstein, A. (1916. Die grundlage der allgemeinen relativitätstheorie. Annalen der Physik, 49. Einstein, A. (1918. Über gravitationswellen. Sitzungsberihte der Königlih Preussishen Akademie der Wissenshaften,

7 Levi-Civita, T. (1917. Realtà fisia di aluni spazi normali del Bianhi. Rendionti della Reale Aademia dei Linei, 26(5, Maknikas, A. (2013. Biefeld-Brown Effet and Spae Curvature of Eletromagneti Field. Journal of Modern Physis, 4(8A, Mashhoon, B., Gronwald, F., & Lihtenegger, H. (1999. Gravitomagnetism and the lok effet. Let.Notes Phys., 562, Matulis, A. (2001. Eletrodinamika (In Lithuanian ed.. UAB Ciklonas. 7