Frequency control experience in French NPPs

Transcription

1 Frequency control experience in French NPPs IAEA Technical Meeting September 2013, Paris Daniel SOUQUE EDF DTG 1 H A

2 Contents Reminder : frequency control Grid requirements : ENTSOe RTE Main characteristics of frequency control provided by French nuclear power plant Examples of NPPs response Settings required Operation tools Conclusion 2 H A

3 Grid requirements : ancillary services Voltage control : Reactive power capability of units and voltage stability Frequency control : Production/consumption balance and frequency stability 3 H A

4 Frequency control Consumption Generation 49.95Hz 50 Hz 50.5 Hz Tug of war Dessin Chloé Perarnau 4 H A

5 ENTSOe frequency control requirements Reserve P max P o Primary control Secondary control Automatic and manual Tertiary control 5 H A

6 6 H A

7 RTE grid requirements Detailed in French grid code called DTR Requirements of compliance and periodic field tests 7 H A

8 French Nuclear power plant FCR / FRR / K FC Reserve 18 MW for 900 MW units 27 MW for 1300 MW units FR Reserve 50 MW for 900 MW units 70 MW for 1300 MW units K factor Speed droop : 4 % or 5.7% 2 P max 1 Active power FCR S 1 < S 2 487(342) MW/Hz for 900 MW units 675 MW/Hz for 1300 MW units f 2 f 1 f 0 Frequency f 0 = frequency set point 8 H A

9 Examples of French Nuclear power plant response FCR (primary frequency reserve) Ordres réduction de charge Limiteur pression 1ère roue MIN Governor design Actual frequency (grid) K F P0 K F NPr Linéarisation Alternateur Setpoint (optimizer) FRR demand (RTE) P0 Consigne de charge NPr - PI - D A CMAD P0 NPr Objective : si = 0 P = P0 K F NPr P= P0 k f N Pr P puissance électrique P puissance électrique Fonctionnement GRE en mode AUTO Injection signal For tests No voluntary insensitivity 9 H A

10 Examples of French Nuclear power plant response FCR (primary frequency reserve dynamic) 1300 MW unit Immediate response 15 minutes response Influence of grid f removed 10 H A

11 Examples of French Nuclear power plant response Comparison with other units NPPs dynamic response is similar to thermal units (fast coal-fired, fuel-fired) or GT, CCGT For NPPs, FCR amplitude in MW and K in MW/Hz are much more important due to larger rated power of NPPs GT FRC tests 11 H A

12 Examples of French Nuclear power plant response FRR (secondary frequency reserve) Ordres réduction de charge Limiteur pression 1ère roue MIN Governor design Actual frequency (grid) K F P0 K F NPr Linéarisation Alternateur Setpoint (optimizer) FRR demand (RTE) P0 Consigne de charge NPr - PI - D A CMAD P0 NPr si = 0 P = P0 K F NPr P= P0 k f N Pr P puissance électrique P puissance électrique Fonctionnement GRE en mode AUTO Injection signal For tests 12 H A

13 Examples of French Nuclear power plant response FRR (secondary frequency reserve) 1300 MW unit FRR = 70 MW Influence of k f removed 13 H A

14 Settings required to perform FCR and FRR Governor Speed droop (Automatic : controller) PI controller (Automatic : controller) Set points : P0, limiter, Pr (Manual : operator) Coordination with grey rods control Calibration curves (Automatic : controller) 14 H A

15 Settings required : PIS governors test PIS (Important Parameters for grid Safety) : quality management plan for specific parameters dealing with grid performance compliance. In particular : speed droop, PI controller Speed droop test PI controller test 15 H A

16 Ordres réduction de charge Limiteur pression 1ère roue MIN Settings required : grey rods control K F Governor P0 K F NPr CMAD turbine en mode AUTO GFA Connections between governor and grey rods position controller Alternateur P0 Consigne de charge NPr - P PI D A CMAD - P0 NPr GRE si = 0 P = P0 K F NPr P puissance électrique Adjustment setting curves puissance électrique Ref. charge Téléréglage P0 NPr CMAD turbine sur AUTO RGL - UPP Réglage primaire K F Periodic tests to calibrate grey rods position control with active power P Puis MEMOIRE C22 G2 Puis P Sortie G5 (cons puis = f(p1ère roue) MIN Réglage en local P' Invalidation consigne position "Coupleur ouvert" Puissance demandée calculée UPP transmis à USP MAX Puissance totale Affichage SdC terme correctif COMPTEUR 007 CC G6 G3 Terme correctif Commande grappes Grey rods position controller Time 16 H A

17 Operator s on line tools : KZR In control room operators have tools to help them to fullfill the requirements 17 H A

18 Firewall Firewall On line e-monitoring tools : COREF Afterwards, analysis is performed using e-monitoring tools by engineering department Engineering department E monitoring centre A posteriori analysis ORLI COREF SNCC database Process data FCR and FRR monitoring 18 H A

19 On line e-monitoring tools : COREF FCR and FRR monitoring Statistics for frequency response R = N * 5% Pn f * k Période du 08/07/ :26:17 au 08/07/ :42:42 Durée : 985 s Durée équivalente entre -1 et 1 : 992 s N seuil bas : % N seuil haut : 1.00 % Pr : 70.0 MW P0 : MW Variation du télé-réglage : MW Variation de la puissance obtenue : MW Écart de puissance : MW Estimation qualité : H A The regulation mileage ( R dt) is increasing (influence of EU deterministics frequency deviation and FRR coordination between TSO s zone)

20 Conclusion According to appropriate design, NPPs are fully compliant with ENTSO-E and RTE frequency control requirements Dynamic is quite good Value of FCR, FRR and K are significant because of large rated power Maintenance tests for suitable governor settings and grey rods controller settings as well as operators training are necessary to provide the guarantee for the right frequency control of NPPs On line and remote tools have been developped by EDF to help the operator, assess the compliance and also provide information to establish the frequency regulation mileage 20 H A

21 Thank you for your attention 21 H A