Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics

Transcription

1 Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics Josef Ballmann Richard Eppler Wolfgang Hackbusch Hrsg. Panel Methods in Fluid Mechanics with Emphasis on Aerodynamics Proceedings of the Third GAMM- Seminar Kiel, January 16 to 18, 1987

2 Josef Ballmann Richard Eppler Wolfgang Hackbusch (Eds.) Panel Methods in Fluid Mechanics with Emphasis on Aerodynamics

3 Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics Volume 21 Series Editors: Ernst Heinrich Hirschel, MUnchen Keith William Morton, Oxford Earll M. Murman, M.I.T., Cambridge Maurizio Pandolfi, Torino Arthur Rizzi, Stockholm Bernard Roux, Marseille (Addresses of the Ed itors : see last page) Volume 1 Volume 2 Volume 3 Volume 4 Volume 5 Volume 6 Volume 7 Volume 8 Boundary Algorithms for Multidimensional Inviscid Hyperbolic Flows (K. F òrster. Ed.) Proceedings of the Third GAMM Conference on Numerical Methods in Fluid Mechanics (E. H. H irschel, Ed.) (out of pr int ] Numerical Methods for the Computa tion of Inviscid Transonic Flows w ith Shock Waves (A. Rizzi / H. Viviand, Eds.) Shear Flow i n Surface-Oriented Coordinates (E. H. Hirschel /W. Kordulla) Proceedings of the Fourth GAMM-Conference on Numerical Methods in Fluid Mechanics (H. Viviand, Ed.) (out of print) Numerical Methods in Laminar Flame Propagation (N.Peters/ J. Warnatz. Eds.l Proceedings of th e Fifth GAMM-Conference on Numerical Methods in Fluid Mechanics (M.P and olfi /R.P iv a. Eds.) Vectorization of Computer Programs w ith Appl ications to Cornputational Fluid Oynamics (W. Gentzsch) Vo lume 9 Analysis of Lam in ar Flow over a Backward Fac ing Step (Ken Morgan / J. Periaux / F. Thomasset, Ed s.] Volume 10 Efficient Solutions of Elliptic Systems (W. Hac kbusch, Ed.) Volume 11 Advance s in Multi Grid Methods (D. Br aess/w. Hackbusch/U. Trottenberg. Eds.) Volume 12 The Efficient U se of Vector Computers with Emphasis on Cornputational Fluid Oynamics (W. Schiinauer /W. Gentzsch, Eds.) Volume 13 Proceedings of the Sixth GAMM-Conference on Numerical Methods in Fluid Mechanics (O. Rues/W. Kordulla. Eds.] (out of primi Volume 14 Finite Approximat ions in Fluid Mechanics (E. H. Hirschel, Ed.] Volume 15 Oirect and Large Eddy Simulation of Turbulence (U. Schumann / R. Fr iedrich, Eds.) Volume 16 Numerica! Techniques in Continuum Mechanics (W. Hackbusch/K.W itsch, Eds.) Volume 17 Research in Numerical Fluid Dynamics (P. Wesseling. Ed.) Volume 18 Numerical Simulation of Compressible Navier Stokes Flows 1M. O. Br isteau/ R. Glowinski / J. Periaux / H. Viviand, Eds.) Volume 19 Three-Oimensional Turbulent Boundary Layers - Calculations and Experiments (B. van den Berg/ O. A. Humphreys/E. Krause/ J.P. F. Li ndh out l Volume 20 Proceedings of the Seventh GAMM-Conference on Numerica! Methods in Fluid Mechanics (M. Dev ille, Ed.) (in preparationl Volume 21 Panel Methods in Fluid Mechanics with Emphasis on Aerodynamics (J. Ballmann/ R. Eppler/W. Hackbusch, Eds.l

4 Josef Ballmann. Richard Eppler Wolfgang Hackbusch (Eds.) Panel Methods in Fluid Mechanics with Emphasis on Aerodynamics Proceedings of the Third GAMM-Seminar Kiel, January 16 to 18, 1987 Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden

5 CIP-Titelaufnahme der Deutschen Bibliothek Panel methods in fluid mechanics with emphasis on aerodynamics: Kiel, January 16-18, 1987/ Josef Ballmann... (ed.l. - Braunschweig; Wiesbaden : Vieweg, 1988 (Proceedings of the... GAMM seminar; 3) (Notes on numerical fluid mechanics ; Vol. 21) NE : Ballmann, Josef [ Hrsg. J; Gesellschaft für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik : Proceedings of the...; 2. GT Manuscripts should have weil over 100 pages. As they will be reproduced photomechanically they should be typed w ith utmost care on special stationary which w ill be supplied on request. In pr int, the size w ill be reduced linearly to approximately 75 %. Figures and diagramms should be lettered according ly so as to produce letters not smaller than 2 mm in print. The same is valid for handwritten formulae. Manuscripts (in Englishl or proposals should be sent to the general editor Prof. Dr. E. H. Hirschei, He rzog-heinrich-weg 6, Zorneding. The addresses of the ed itors of the series are given on the last page. All rights reserved Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden 1988 Ursprünglich erschienen bei Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn Verlagsgesellschafl mbh, Braumschweig No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, w irheut prior permission of the copyright holder. Produced by W. Langelüddecke, Braunschweig ISSN ISBN ISBN (ebook) DOI /

6 Foreword The GAMM Committee l'or Efficient Numerìcal l\1ethods l'or Partial Differential Equations (GAMM FachausschuB "Effiziente Numerische Verf'ahren fìir Partielle Differentialgleichungen") organizes conferences and serninars on subjects concerning the a lg o ri t h m ic treatment of partial differential e q ua ti o n problerns. The two flrs t sernìnars "Effici e nt Solution of Elliptic Systems" 098S) and "Efficient Numerical Methods in Continuum Mechanìcs" (986) were followed by a third one, c o-organized together with the GAMM Committee l'or Dlscretizing Methods in Solid Mechanics and the special re searc h project SFB 2S "Vortex Flows in Aeronaut.ìcs" at the R\VTH Aachen, sponsor-ed by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft CDFGl. During the last decades PaneI Methods and Boundary Element Methods be came a very efficient tool to selve numerìcally the integrai equations with surface or boundary singularity di stributions in Aerodynamics and in Continuum Mechanics. First designed l'or e ll ip ti c problems with l ine ar partial d ìfferent.ial equations, the different variants of the methods now apply to nonlinearities introd uced by free vortex sheets or compressible flows and to t ime-dependent problems as wave propagation and non-stationary Flows. The se mina r was attended by 47 scientists l'rom IO countrles. A greater part of the 22 papers presented at the seminar concerned t he different approaches l'or st.atlonary and non-stationary subsonic potential flows around aerodynamic configurations and propellers, inc1udi ng inverse method s l'or design problems. Other contributions dealt with hybrid mcthods l'or subs onic f'lows with e rnbc d ded s u pe rs o nic regions and weak shocks, pan el methods l'or linearized s u pe r-: sonic flows and boundary el ement methods l'or th:- ee -dimensional viscous flows. l'o r flows t hro ug h porous media a nd t rans ìent lo ading by pres s u re w aves. An ìncreas e of the efficiency a nd ac curacy o f panel methods was achie ved, e.g. by multi-grid methods with panel -c1ustering. by ne w e r ror e s t imates in s o lving the integrai e q ua t io ns and by realizing the a p p licabil it y of the Fredholrn - Radon method l'or dornains with corners. The editors and organizers of the s e m inar would like to thank the land Schleswig-Holstein and the DFG far their s u p po r t. De cernber 1987 J. Ballmann R. Eppler W. Hackbusch

7 c o N T E N T S Page H.W.M.HOEIJMAKERS: Highlights. Panel Methods in Aerodynamies; Some H.ANTES: Time Domain Boundary Element Solutions of Hyperbolie Equations for 2-D Transient Wave Propagation 35 E.BRUCH, S.GRILLI: Computation of the Transient Flow in Zoned Anisotropie Porous Media by the Boundary Eiement Method. 43 L.FORNASIER: HISSS - a Higher-Order Panel Method for Subsonie and Supersonie Attaehed Flow About Arbitrary Configurations. 52 F.K.HEBEKER: Charaeteristies and Boundary Elements for Threedimensionai Nonstationary Navier Stokes Flow 71 J.L.HESS, W.O.VALAREZO: Applieation of an Advaneed Panei Method to Aerodynamie Problems of Aireraft Design 79 H.JAKOB: The Predietion of Transonie Interferenee Flow by Means of a Hybrid Method 91 O.A.KANDIL, H.HU: Integrai Equation Solution for Transonie and Subsonie Aerodynamies 101 E.KATZER: Steady and Unsteady Potential Fiows Around Axisymmetrie Bodies and Ring Airfoiis 110 J.KRAL, W.WENDLAND: On the Applieability af the Fred ~olm-radon Method in Potential Theory and the Pane l Method. 120 K.KUBRyNSKI: A Subsonie Panel Method for Design of 3-Dimensional Complex Configurations with Speeified Pressure Distribution. 137 P.LOTSTEDT: Evaluation of a Higher Order Panel Program for Subsonie Flow 147 B.MASKEW: Caleuiation of Flow Charaeteristies for Gen e- rai Configurations Using Pa ne l Methods. 156 Z.P.NOWAK: Panel Ciustering Teehnique for Lifting Potentiai Fiows in the Three Sp aee Dimensions. 166 E.L.ORTIZ: Singuiarity Treatment in the Bidimensionai Tau Method with an Applieation to Probiems Defined on L- Shaped Doma in~. 179 J.RYAN, T.H.LE, Y.~10RCHOISNE: A Fourier Bou r.d a r y Condition for Pa n e I, Met;lOd 188

8 Page J.SARANEN: On the Effect af Numerical Quadratures in Salving Baundary Integral Equations H.SCHIPPERS: On the Evaluation af Aerodynamic Influence Caefficients J.SCHONE: A Daublet Paint Methad far the Calculatian af Unsteady Propeller Aeradynamics 220 R.VOSS : Calculation af Unsteady Transanic Flow About Oscillating Wings by a Field Panel Methad 232 S.WAGNER, CH.URBAN, R.BEHR: A Vortex-Lattice Method for the Calculation af Wing-Vortex Interaction in Subsanic Flow P.WIEMER, K.HAAG, J.BALLMANN: Appraximatian of Free and Baunded Vortex Sheets at Delta Wings List af Participants