Prefix Abbreviation Amount (Base)

Transcription

1 1 These questions are pulled from old tests. They are to be used as a study guide. Also review the warm-up questions. Similar questions will be asked on the exam. Units Identify the SI unit for each measurement below. Mass Distance Time Speed Acceleration Force Energy Work Power Weight Frequency Period Wavelength Voltage Current Resistance Measurements Prefix Abbreviation Amount kilo (Base) deci c 1,000 Indicate if the first number is greater than (>), less than (<), or equal to (=) the second number. a. b. c. d. e. f. 40 cm 30 mm 50 kl 90,000 L 25 s 2500 ms 10 mm 1 cm 780 cm 0.78 hm 5 km 500 m

2 2 Write the following in scientific notation: a. 246 b c. 92,800,000 d Convert the following values: a. 5 kl = hl b. c. d. 10 dag= mg 10 lb = kg 5 miles = km Motion Define the following words: Scalar Speed Distance Vector Velocity Free Fall Acceleration Displacement Gravity The graph above represents the motion of a car. The positive direction is to the east. How far does the car end up after 1 second? Which way is the car moving 5 seconds after motion? During what time period is the car moving the fastest? (What is the speed of the car during the 2 intervals?)

3 3 Describe the motion for graphs a-d. A 4 kg rock and a 1 kg stone are each dropped from rest. After they each fall for 2 seconds, what do you know about their speeds? During a 5.0 s interval, an object s velocity changes from 10 m/s East to 25 m/s East. What is the acceleration? A car at a stoplight speeds up from rest. It speeds up to the east for 5 s with an acceleration of 4 m/s per second. What is the velocity of the car at the end of the 5 s? Draw graphs for an object s position and velocity over time for the following description: 1. An object begins at rest at the origin and stays there for 2 seconds. 2. It then moves in the positive direction at a constant speed of 3 m/s for 5 seconds. 3. It then turns back around and goes in the negative direction at a constant speed of 10 m/s for a 3 second period. Force and Energy Define the following: Elastic potential energy, gravitational potential energy, kinetic energy, thermal energy Weight, normal force, friction and air resistance, tension, applied force, conservation of energy Blocks A and B are both 1 meter above the ground, but the slopes are different. Block B has more mass. Which block has more PE at the top? Which block has less KE at the bottom? Which block will arrive at the bottom first? Which block will be going faster at the bottom?

4 4 If the total energy at the top of a ramp is 20,000 J, what is the approximate kinetic energy when an object has slid halfway down the ramp? A tractor trailer is sitting next to a car when it is stopped. In order for the car to accelerate to the same speed as the truck, what do you know about the amount of force required for the car? A net force causes a cart to slow down with an acceleration of 10 m/s 2. If the net force on the cart is halved, what is the new acceleration of the cart? A net force causes a cart to speed up with an acceleration of 2 m/s 2. If the mass of the cart is halved, what is the new acceleration of the cart? Fido, a 2 5 kg dog, aspires to be the first animal to walk on Jupiter. If the gravitational acceleration on Jupiter is 30 m/s 2, what is his mass and weight on Jupiter? A 10 kg block accelerates at a rate of 4 m/s 2 to the left. What is the net force? What additional force could cause the block to move at a constant speed? A 1 N block is hanging from a string. What is the normal force on the mass? Carly has a weight of 450 N. Riding in an elevator she feels like she weighs 400 N. Why? How much work is required to light a 1800 kg car 1.5 m off the ground? How much power is required if it takes 30 seconds? Fill in the table: System E at A KE at A PE at A ThE at A E at B KE at B PE at B ThE at B 12J 1J 11J 0J 0J 2J Using the following free body diagram, calculate a) the mass of the box, b) the direction of motion, c) the net force on the box, and d) the acceleration of the box.

5 5 Optics List the 7 EM waves from highest frequency to lowest frequency. What happens to the wavelength if the frequency of light is halved? Be able to identify the following parts of a wave: amplitude, frequency, period, and wavelength. Calculate the speed of light in Lucite if the index of refraction is What happens to light when it moves from a lower index of refraction to a higher index? (speed and angle of refraction) What is the law of reflection? What is the distance between the person and the image he observes of the chair? Identify whether an image is real/virtual, upright/inverted, and magnified/reduced in size. What are the names of the optics shown?

6 6 Fill in the following chart (primary/secondary colors of light). What color is in the middle, where all 3 primaries mix? If cyan light shines on a yellow banana, what color does the banana appear to be? Electricity Identify the charge of an electron, proton, and neutron. A lonely electron is sitting in space, when another electron shows up to the right. Which direction will the electron go? What is the difference between a conductor and an insulator? Why can a charged balloon stick to a neutral wall? The diagram below shows a 9 V battery connected to a 9 Ohm resistor. Label the battery with the letter V, the resistor with the letter R, and draw an arrow showing the direction of the flow of current. Label the arrow with the letter I. Calculate the current flowing through the resistor.

7 7 If I have 10 resistors, each with a resistance of 100 Ohms, what is the total resistance if they are all in series? What about in parallel? In which circuit would the most current be obtained? Draw the electric fields for: 1 electron, 1 proton, 1 electron and 1 proton.