3.The wrecking crane shown is moving toward a brick wall that is to be torn down.

Transcription

1 Test Name: Physics Practice Test Section 1 1.Which of the following best classifies a material that has extremely low conductivity? 1. A. semiconductor B. insulator C. metalloid D. conductor 2.Which of the following would be most helpful for a student to consider when trying to classify materials as conductors or insulators? 2. A. how magnetic the materials are when charged B. how freely a charge moves through the materials C. whether the materials are dull or shiny D. whether the materials tend to gain or lose electrons 3.The wrecking crane shown is moving toward a brick wall that is to be torn down. At what point in the swing of the wrecking ball should the ball make contact with the wall to collide with the greatest kinetic energy? 3. A. point 1 B. point 2 C. point 3 D. point 4 4.As a pendulum moves from the bottom of its swing to the top of its swing, which of the following

2 occurs? 4. A. The potential energy of the pendulum decreases. B. The kinetic energy of the pendulum remains constant. C. The potential energy of the pendulum increases. D. The kinetic energy of the pendulum increases. 5.A microwave oven operating at 120 volts is used to heat a sandwich. If the oven draws 12.5 amperes of current for 45 seconds, what is the power dissipated by the oven? 5. A. 33 W B W C W D W 6.The graph represents the elongation of a spring as a function of the force applied. How much work must be done, in J to the nearest tenth, to stretch the spring by 0.40 meter? 7.What is the period of a wave with a frequency of 10 hertz?

3 A. 0.1 s B. 1 s C. 10 s D. 100 s 8.A girl on a swing may increase the amplitude of the swing's oscillations if she moves her legs at the natural frequency of the swing. This is an example of which of the following? 8. A. resonance B. destructive interference C. the Doppler effect D. wave transmission 9.A car travels 12 kilometers due north and then 8.0 kilometers due west in going from town A to town B. What is the magnitude, in km, of the displacement of a helicopter that flies in a straight line from A to B? 10.Directions: An athlete in a hammer-throw event swings a 7.0-kilogram hammer in a horizontal circle of radius 2.0 meters at a constant speed of 12 meters per second, as represented in the diagram below. Use this information and the diagram to answer any questions that follow. At the position shown, the centripetal force acting on the hammer is directed toward which of the

4 following points? A. A B. B C. C D. D 11.Directions: The diagram below represents a 3.0-kilogram block being moved at a constant speed by a force of 6.0 newtons. Use the diagram to answer any questions that follow. What is the change, in J, in the kinetic energy of the block as it moves from point M to point N? 12.A circuit diagram is shown below. What are the correct readings of voltmeters V 1 and V 2? 12. A. V 1 reads 2.0 V, and V 2 reads 4.0 V. B. V 1 reads 6.0 V, and V 2 reads 6.0 V. C. V 1 reads 4.0 V, and V 2 reads 2.0 V. D. V 1 reads 3.0 V, and V 2 reads 3.0 V. 13.A 3.0-kilogram mass is traveling in a circle of 0.20-meter radius with a speed of 2.0 meters per second. What is its centripetal acceleration, in m/s 2?

5 14.Directions: The diagram below represents a 5.0-kilogram object revolving around a circular track in a horizontal plane at a constant speed. The radius of the track is 20. meters and the centripetal force on the object is newtons. Use this information and the diagram to answer any questions that follow. The object's centripetal acceleration is directed toward which point? 14. A. A B. B C. C D. D 15.In the circuit, voltmeter V 2 reads 80. volts.

6 What is the reading of voltmeter V 1, in volts? 16.Directions: The graph below represents the displacement of an object from its starting point as a function of time t. The object is traveling along a straight path. Use the graph to answer any questions that follow. What is the average velocity of the object from t = 0 to t = 3 seconds? 16. A. 0 m/s B. 1.0 m/s C. 2.0 m/s D. 3.0 m/s 17.A student of mass 50. kilograms threw a 0.40-kilogram ball with a speed of 20. meters per second. What was the magnitude of the impulse that the student exerted on the ball, in N-s to the nearest tenth?

7 18.A force of 10 newtons is required to move an object at a constant speed of 5 meters per second. What is the power supplied, in watts? 19.Starting from rest, object A falls freely for 2.0 seconds, and object B falls freely for 4.0 seconds. How does the distance that object B falls compare to the distance that object A falls? 19. A. Object B falls four times as far as object A. B. Object B falls one-half as far as object A. C. Object B falls three times as far as object A. D. Object B falls twice as far as object A. 20.A student of mass 40. kilograms runs up a staircase in 7.0 seconds to a floor that is 5.0 meters higher than her starting point. What is the student's power output, in W? 21.A motor has an output of 1000 watts. When the motor is working at full capacity, how many seconds will it require to lift an object weighing 50 newtons by 100 meters?

8 22.Directions: The diagram below shows an electric circuit consisting of three ammeters, A 1, A 2, and A 3, two resistors, R 1 and R 2, and a 120-volt power source. Use the diagram to answer any questions that follow. If a third resistor were connected in parallel to this circuit, what would be the potential difference across it, in V? 23.The diagram shows a 5-ohm resistor and a 10-ohm resistor connected in parallel in a circuit. What is the total resistance of the circuit? 23. A. less than 5 ohms B. 5 ohms C. 15 ohms D. greater than 15 ohms 24.The heating element on an electric stove dissipates watts of power when connected to a

9 120-volt source. What is the electrical resistance, in ohms, of this heating element? 25.Which phenomenon can occur with light, but not with sound? 25. A. the Doppler effect B. interference C. refraction D. polarization 26.The work done in accelerating an object along a frictionless, horizontal surface is equal to which of the following? 26. A. the change in the object's velocity B. the change in the object's momentum C. the change in the object's kinetic energy D. the change in the object's potential energy 27.A 0.15-kilogram baseball moving at 20. meters per second is stopped by a catcher in second. What is the magnitude of the average force, in N, that stops the ball? Give your answer in scientific notation. 28.An object with an initial speed of 4.0 meters per second accelerates uniformly at 2.0 meters per second 2 in the direction of its motion for a distance of 5.0 meters. What is the final speed of the object?

10 28. A. 6.0 m/s B. 10. m/s C. 14 m/s D. 36 m/s 29.What type of nuclear force holds the protons and neutrons in an atom together? 29. A. a weak force that acts over a long range B. a strong force that acts over a short range C. a strong force that acts over a long range D. a weak force that acts over a short range 30.An object initially at rest falls freely near Earth's surface. How many seconds does it take the object to attain a speed of 98 meters per second? 31.Directions: The diagram below represents a 2.0-kilogram cart traveling at a constant speed in a horizontal circle of radius 3.0 meters. The magnitude of the centripetal force on the cart is 24 newtons. Use this information and the diagram to answer any questions that follow.

11 What is the speed of the cart, to the nearest m/s? 32.Two carts are pushed apart by an expanding spring, as shown in the diagram below. If the average force on the 1-kilogram cart is 1 newton, what is the magnitude of the average force, in N, on the 2-kilogram cart? 33.Which of the following circuits has the smallest equivalent resistance?

12 33. A. B. C. D. 34.An object falls freely from rest near the surface of Earth. What is the speed, in m/s 2 to the nearest hundredth, of the object after falling a distance of 4.90 meters?

13 35.What is a limitation to using models for studying systems in science? 35. A. Models are always very simple and never include details. B. Most models are not to scale and actual sizes cannot be studied. C. It always takes more work to create a model than to study the real system. D. It is always more expensive to create a model than to study the real system. 36.What is the frequency of a wave, to the nearest tenth of a hertz, if its period is 0.25 second? 37.Three resistors, 4 ohms, 6 ohms, and 8 ohms, are connected in parallel in an electric circuit. What is the equivalent resistance of the circuit? 37. A. less than 4 ohms B. between 4 ohms and 8 ohms C. between 10 ohms and 18 ohms D. more than 18 ohms

14 38.The diagram represents a transverse wave moving toward the left along a rope. At the instant shown, point P on the rope is moving toward which of the following? 38. A. the top of the page B. the bottom of the page C. the left side of the page D. the right side of the page 39.An object starts from rest and accelerates uniformly down an incline, reaching a speed of 40 meters per second in 8 seconds. What is the average speed of the object, in m/s? 40.The diagram below shows two bowling balls, A and B, each having a mass of 7.00 kilograms, placed 2.00 meters apart. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted by ball A on ball B?

15 40. A N B N C N D N 41. A 12-volt battery is connected to resistors R 1 and R 2 as shown in the diagram below. If the reading of voltmeter V 1 is 8 volts, what is the reading of voltmeter V 2, in volts? 42.A weightlifter lifts a weight of 2000 newtons a vertical distance of 0.5 meter in 0.1 second. What is his power output, in watts? Give your answer in scientific notation. 43.A force is applied to a block, causing it to accelerate along a horizontal, frictionless surface. The energy gained by the block is equal to which of the following? 43. A. the power applied to the block B. the work done on the block C. the impulse applied to the block D. the momentum given to the block

16 44.Diagram I represents a glass tube containing undisturbed air molecules. Diagram II represents the same glass tube when a wave passes through it. Which type of wave produced the disturbance represented in diagram II? 44. A. longitudinal B. elliptical C. transverse D. torsional 45.Directions: The diagram below represents a wave traveling to the right along an elastic medium. Use the diagram to answer any questions that follow. What is the wavelength of the wave? 45. A m B m C m D m

17 46.The diagram below shows a block on a horizontal, frictionless surface. A 100.-newton force acts on the block at an angle of 30.0 above the horizontal. What is the magnitude of force F, to the nearest tenth of a newton, if it establishes equilibrium? 47.Directions: The graph below represents the displacement of an object from its starting point as a function of time t. The object is traveling along a straight path. Use the graph to answer any questions that follow. How far is the object from the starting point at t = 3 seconds? 47. A. 0 m B. 2.0 m C. 3.0 m D. 6.0 m 48.Directions: The diagram below represents the path of an object moving counterclockwise in a circle of radius 2.0 meters. The speed of the object is 6.0 meters per second, and the mass of the object is 0.2 kilogram. Use this information and the diagram to answer any questions that follow.

18 What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the object? 48. A. 3.0 m/s 2 B. 6.0 m/s 2 C. 12 m/s 2 D. 18 m/s 2 49.A segment of a circuit is shown in the diagram below. What is the equivalent resistance of this part of the circuit, in ohms to the nearest tenth? 50.An object is allowed to fall freely near the surface of a planet. The object has an acceleration due to gravity of 24 m/s 2. How far does the object fall after the first second?

19 50. A. 4.9 meters B. 9.8 meters C. 12 meters D. 24 meters 51.Two blocks of masses 8.0 kilograms and 2.0 kilograms rest on a horizontal, frictionless surface. If a force applied to the 8.0-kilogram block gives it an acceleration of 5.0 m/s 2, what acceleration will the same force give the 2.0-kilogram block? 51. A. 1.2 m/s 2 B. 2.5 m/s 2 C. 10. m/s 2 D. 20. m/s 2 52.A circuit is shown in the diagram below. What is the potential difference of the source? 52. A. 3.3 V B. 10. V C. 30. V D V 53.A projectile is fired from a gun near the surface of Earth. The initial velocity of the projectile has a vertical component of 98 meters per second and a horizontal component of 49 meters per second.

20 How many seconds will it take the projectile to reach the highest point in its path? 54.Directions: The graph below represents the motion of a car during a 6.0-second time interval. Use the graph to answer any questions that follow. What is the acceleration of the car at t = 5.0 seconds? 54. A. 0.0 m/s 2 B. 2.0 m/s 2 C. 2.5 m/s 2 D. 10. m/s 2 55.In the diagram below, the weight of a box on a plane inclined at 30. is represented by the vector W. What is the magnitude of the component of the weight W that acts parallel to the incline?

21 55. A. half of the magnitude of W B of the magnitude of W C. the same as the magnitude of W D. 1.5 times the magnitude of W 56.Which of the following is NOT correct about scientific laws? 56. A. They are based on facts. B. They are a summary of many experimental results. C. They explain how natural processes occur. D. They are the broadest explanation of a scientific topic. 57.Directions: The diagram below represents the top view of a 65-kilogram student at point A on an amusement park ride. The ride spins the student in a horizontal circle of radius 2.5 meters at a constant speed of 8.6 meters per second. The floor is lowered and the student remains against the wall without falling to the floor. Use this information and the diagram to answer any questions that follow. Which of the following is closest to the magnitude of the centripetal force acting on the student at point A? 57. A N B N C N D N

22 58.An opera singer's voice is able to break a thin crystal glass when which characteristic of the singer's voice is the same as that of the vibrating glass? 58. A. frequency B. speed C. wavelength D. amplitude 59.Which of the following circuit segments has an equivalent resistance of 6 ohms? 59. A. B. C. D. 60.Directions: The diagram below represents a simple pendulum with a 2.0-kilogram bob and a length of 10. meters. The pendulum is released from rest at position 1 and swings without friction through positions 2, 3, and 4. At position 3, its lowest point, the speed of the bob is 6.0 meters per second. Use the diagram and this information to answer any questions that follow.

23 What is the magnitude of the centripetal acceleration of the bob at position 3, to the nearest tenth of a m/s 2? 61.An electric circuit is represented in the diagram below. Which switches must be closed to produce a current in conductor AB? 61. A. 1 and 4 B. 2, 3, and 4 C. 1, 2, and 3 D. 2 and 3 62.Two objects with equal masses are a fixed distance apart. If the mass of each object were to be tripled, what would happen to the magnitude of the gravitational force between them?

24 62. A. It would decrease by one-ninth. B. It would decrease by one-third. C. It would triple. D. It would increase ninefold. 63.Directions: The diagram below represents a transverse wave. Use the diagram to answer any questions that follow. How many cycles are represented in the diagram? 63. A. 1 B. 1.5 C. 2 D Directions: At an amusement park, a passenger whose mass is 50. kilograms rides in a cage. The cage moves at a constant speed of 10. meters per second in a vertical circular path of radius R = 10. meters. Use this information to answer any questions that follow. What is the magnitude of the centripetal force, in N, acting on the passenger?

25 65.The periodic wave represented below has a frequency of 40. hertz. What is the speed of the wave? 65. A. 13 m/s B. 27 m/s C. 60. m/s D. 120 m/s 66.Two waves traveling in the same medium and having the same wavelength L interfere to create a standing wave. What is the distance between two consecutive nodes on this standing wave? 66. A. B. C. L L D. L L 67.Directions: The graph below represents the relationship between the displacement of an object moving in a straight line and its time of travel. Use the graph to answer any questions that follow.

26 What is the magnitude of the object's displacement after 8.0 seconds? 67. A. 0 m B. 2 m C. 8 m D. 16 m 68.The diagram represents two pulses, each of length l, traveling toward each other at equal speeds along a rope. Which of the following diagrams best represents the shape of the rope when both pulses are in region AB?

27 68. A. B. C. D. 69.A circuit is represented in the diagram below. What is the current in the circuit, in amps? 70.The diagram represents a ball traveling with a uniform clockwise circular motion on a string.

28 Which of the following best represents the directions of both the velocity and centripetal acceleration of the ball at the instant shown in the diagram? 70. A. B. C. D. 71.Directions: A cannon elevated at an angle of 35 to the horizontal fires a cannonball with initial velocity v i. The cannonball travels along the path represented in the diagram below. Use the diagram to answer any questions that follow. If the ball lands meters from the cannon 10. seconds after it is fired, what is the horizontal

29 component of v i? 71. A. 7.0 m/s B. 35 m/s C. 49 m/s D. 70. m/s 72.Which of the following diagrams represents resistances connected in series?

30 72. A. B. C. D. 73.An object accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed of 50. meters per second in 5.0 seconds. What is the average speed, in m/s, of the object during the 5.0-second interval? 74.Directions: An athlete in a hammer-throw event swings a 7.0-kilogram hammer in a horizontal circle of radius 2.0 meters at a constant speed of 12 meters per second, as represented in the

31 diagram below. Use this information and the diagram to answer any questions that follow. If the hammer is released at the position shown, toward which of the following points will it travel? 74. A. A B. B C. C D. D 75.Two carts of masses 5.0 kilograms and 1.0 kilogram are pushed apart by a compressed spring. If the 5.0-kilogram cart moves westward at 2.0 meters per second, then the 1.0-kilogram cart moves eastward at what speed, in m/s? 76.The average speed of a runner in a 400.-meter race was 8.0 meters per second. How long, in s, did it take the runner to complete the race?

32 77.Directions: The graph below represents the speed with respect to time t of an object moving along a straight path. Use the graph to answer any questions that follow. What is the average speed of the object during the time interval t = 6 seconds to t = 10 seconds, in m/s to the nearest hundredth? 78.A car traveling on a straight road at 15.0 meters per second accelerates uniformly to a speed of 21.0 meters per second in 12.0 seconds. What is the total distance, in meters, traveled by the car in this 12.0-second interval?

33 80.What is the wavelength of a periodic wave that has a frequency of 5.0 hertz and a speed of 10. meters per second? 80. A m B. 2.0 m C. 5.0 m D. 50. m 81.What is the magnitude of the gravitational force, in N, that two 5.0-kilogram masses separated by a distance of 5.0 meters exert on each other? Give your answer in scientific notation. 82.Two concurrent forces are represented in the diagram below. What is the magnitude of the vector sum of the two forces, in N to the nearest tenth? 83.The graph below relates the magnitude of various forces that were applied to a certain object and the accelerations they produced. What is the mass of the object?

34 83. A kg B. 1.0 kg C. 1.5 kg D. 2.0 kg 84.A golf ball leaves a golf club with an initial velocity of 40.0 meters per second at an angle of 40 with the horizontal. What is the total horizontal distance traveled by the golf ball during the first 2.50 seconds of its flight? 84. A m B m C m D m 85.A wave is represented in the diagram below. What is the amplitude of the wave? 85. A. 1 cm B. 2 cm C. 4 cm D. 12 cm 86.An object starts from rest and accelerates uniformly down an incline, reaching a speed of 40 meters per second in 8 seconds. What is the average speed of the object?

35 86. A. 5 m/s B. 16 m/s C. 20 m/s D. 32 m/s 87.The diagram shows the muzzle of a cannon located 50. meters above the ground. When the cannon is fired, a ball leaves the muzzle with an initial horizontal speed of 250. meters per second. Which action would most likely increase the time of flight of a ball fired by the cannon? 87. A. positioning the cannon higher above the ground B. giving the ball a greater initial horizontal velocity C. moving the cannon closer to the edge of the cliff D. pointing the muzzle of the cannon toward the ground 88.The graph represents the motion of a body moving northward along a straight path. Based on the graph, which quantity related to the motion of the body is constant?

36 88. A. acceleration B. displacement C. velocity D. speed 89.The engine of Tim's model rocket has a mass of 0.10 kilogram and is designed to deliver an impulse of 6.0 newton-seconds. If the engine burns for 0.75 second, what average force does it produce? 89. A. 4.5 N B. 8.0 N C. 45 N D. 80. N 90.The magnitude of the gravitational force between two objects is 20. newtons. If the mass of each object were doubled, what would be the new magnitude of the gravitational force between them, to the nearest newton? 91.A 2-kilogram object traveling at 10 meters per second northward has an elastic collision with a 5- kilogram object traveling at 4 meters per second southward. What is the total momentum of the objects after the collision? 91. A. 0 N-s B. 20 N-s north C. 20 N-s south D. 40 N-s east

37 92.What voltage would cause a current of 0.5 ampere in a circuit that has a resistance of 24 ohms? 92. A. 6.0 V B. 12 V C. 24 V D. 48 V 93.A force of 10. newtons acts on an object for second. What is the magnitude of the force, in N to the nearest tenth, acting on the object for second, that would produce the same impulse? 94.The diagram represents a ray incident on the border between two mediums, 1 and 2. Also represented are four choices, A, B, C, and D, for the ray's direction after it enters medium 2. If the speed of the ray increases as it passes from medium 1 into medium 2, which arrow best represents the direction of the ray in medium 2?

38 94. A. A B. B C. C D. D 95.On the surface of planet X, the acceleration due to gravity is 16 meters per second. What is the weight, in N, of a 6.0-kilogram mass located on the surface of that planet? 96.The diagram below shows two carts that were initially at rest on a horizontal, frictionless surface being pushed apart when a compressed spring attached to one of the carts is released. If the 1.0-kilogram cart is moving to the left with a speed of 6.0 meters per second, then the 2.0- kilogram cart is moving to the right with what speed? 96. A. 2.0 m/s B. 3.0 m/s C. 6.0 m/s D. 12 m/s 97.Directions: A ball is thrown horizontally with an initial velocity of 20.0 meters per second from the top of a tower 60.0 meters high, as represented in the diagram below. Use the diagram to answer any questions that follow.

39 \What is the approximate time it takes for the ball to reach the ground? 97. A s B s C s D s You have reached the end of this section.

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