Summer Assignment for Physics First Honors

Transcription

1 Summer Assignment for Physics First Honors As part of the Physics First Honors course and curriculum, there is a required summer assignment that all students must complete prior to the first day of school. During our first week, this assignment will be collected and we will have an initial assessment on these concepts/topics. The material, mostly mathematical, is very important to know in order to be successful in solving physics problems throughout the year. PLEASE KEEP IN MIND: The concepts are ordered in a purposeful manner. They build upon one another. Once you master concept 1, you will be expected to use your knowledge in concept 2 and then that material for concept 3. After you finish, you will be an expert in expressing numerical answers. 1. Converting Very Large and Very Small Numbers to and from Scientific Notation and Adding/Subtracting/Multiplying/Dividing Numbers in Scientific Notations. Read Exponents: Scientific Notation explanation, then complete Worksheet 1. After that, review the following videos. Take notes during the videos! Adding/Subtracting: Multiplying/Dividing: Complete Worksheets 2 and 3 2. Expressing Numerical Answers With Proper Significant Digits View videos take notes! Significant Figures: Multiplying and Dividing with Significant Figures: Adding and Subtracting with Significant Figures: Complete Worksheets 2 and 3 3. Converting Units of Measurements View videos take notes! Metric vs. Imperial Systems of Measurement: How to Convert Units Within the Metric System:

2 How to Convert Units Across the Metric and Imperial System: Complete Worksheets 5 and 6 When completing Worksheet 5, please refer to the conversion chart included at the end of your summer assignment packet. It would be wise to keep this chart in your physics binder to refer to at any time during the school year. Note that the chart refers to English or Imperial Units as American Units and SI units as metric. If you have any questions about this assignment, please me at my school Google account: amy.applegate@motsd.org. Welcome to Physics First Honors. I look forward to meeting you on the first day of classes.

3 Exponents: Scientific Notation By using exponents, we can reformat numbers. This can be helpful, in much the same way that it s helpful(that is, easier) to write twelve trillion rather than 12,000,000,000,000 or thirty nanometers rather than For very large or very small numbers, it is sometimes simpler to use scientific notation (so called, because scientists often deal with very large and very small numbers). The format for writing a number in scientific notation is fairly simple: (first digit of the the number) followed by (the decimal point) and then (all the rest of the digits of the number) times (10 to an appropriate power): Format: First_digit. rest_of_digits x 10 appropriate_power Example: 4.56 x 10 8 Converting numbers is fairly simple. It s easiest to learn by example. Let s convert 124 to scientific notation. It s not a very large number, but it will work nicely as an example. First, we move the decimal point two spaces to the left to fit the Format above, 124 becomes 1.24 But, this is not the number we started with, we need to multiply it by 10 2 to get back to is 10 2 so our number becomes 1.24 x 10 2 Let s try a bigger number such as 3,566,879,990 Step 1: Move the decimal point 9 spaces to the left: Step 2: Round off the number to 2 places (we ll learn more about this in the next section of the summer assignment): 3.57 Step 3: Multiply by 10 to the power you moved the decimal over: 3.57 x 10 9 How do we handle a number smaller than 1? Since you are moving the decimal point to the right, the power becomes a negative number. Example: becomes 4.45 x 10-7 Converting between scientific notation to regular notation is easier you just need to move the decimal place over the number of spaces indicated by the power. If the power is positive, you move the decimal point to the right, if it is negative, you move the decimal point to the left. Example: 3.60 x becomes 3,600,000,000,000

4 Example: 8.77 x 10-5 becomes General Examples Example 1: becomes 4.36 x Example 2: 4.2 x 10-7 becomes Example 3: becomes 5.78 x 10-9 Example 4: 93,000,000 becomes 9.3 x 10 7

5 Assignment 1: Converting Scientific Notation Convert from scientific notation to standard form x x x x x x x x x x Convert from standard form to scientific notation ,000,000, , ,

6 Assignment 2: Adding and Subtracting Scientific Notation (answer using scientific notation) x x 10 1 = x x 10 3 = x x 10 1 = x x 10 6 = x x 10 2 = x x 10 4 = x x 10 1 = x x 10 3 = x x 10 1 = x x 10 3 = x x 10 1 = x x 10 6 = x x 10 2 = x x 10 4 = x x 10 1 = x x 10 3 =

7 Assignment 3: Multiplying and Dividing Scientific Notation (answer using scientific notation) x 10 3 x x 10 1 = x 10 1 x x 10 3 = x 10 3 x 2.66 x 10 1 = x 10 5 x x 10 6 = x 10 0 x x 10 2 = x 10 1 x x 10 4 = x 10 2 x x 10 1 = x 10 3 x 4.33 x 10 3 = x 10 3 / x 10 1 = x 10 1 / x 10 3 = x 10 3 / 2.66 x 10 1 = x 10 5 / x 10 6 = x 10 0 / x 10 2 = x 10 1 / x 10 4 = x 10 2 / x 10 1 = x 10 3 / 4.33 x 10 3 =

8 Assignment 4: Significant Figures 1. Indicate how many significant figures are in each of the followed measured values , Calculate the answer to the following problems using the appropriate number of significant figures Calculate the answer to the appropriate number of significant digits a x 3.8 = b x 0.25 = c x = d x 64.5 = e x 64.1 = f x 0.42 = g x 3.74 = h x =

9 Assignment 5: Unit Conversions Convert the following using conversation factors found in the conversion table handout attached to this packet. Express your answers in scientific notation where appropriate cm into meters miles into inches L into milliliters 8. $25 into dimes mm into micrometers weeks into minutes yards into feet kg into grams hours into seconds mm into centimeters quarters into pints gallons into milliliters 13. Aluminum costs $5.25 per pound. How much would 10.0 kg of aluminum cost? 14. Arrange the following from shortest to longest a meters of chain b. 75 inches of rope c. A 3 foot 5 inch rattlesnake d. A yardstick 15. What is your height? (in feet and inches)

10 a. Determine your height in inches b. Determine your height in centimeters c. Determine your height in yards d. Determine your height in meters e. Determine your height in miles (use scientific notation)

11 Assignment 6: Converting Rates In the following problems, rates are given to you using some units. Please convert these rates to the desired units. Show your work as demonstrated in the first problem km/hr into km/min 2. 5 ft/minute into ft/s 55 ( km hr ) ( 1 hr km ) = min min 3. 2 L/km into L/m 4. $1.50/kg into $/g 5. $100/day into $/hour 6. 3,000 m/s into m/min 7. $2.50/g into dimes/g g/l into g/ml 9. $5/kg into quarters/kg

12 10. $2 L into nickels/l km/hr into m/s In the following situation, which rates are the best deal or best situation? Circle the correct answer. 12. Wasting 2 L of gas per km or L of gas per m? 13. Paying $1.30 per L of gas or $1.30 per quart of gas? 14. Paying $10,000/yr. at Harvard or $800/month at Princeton? 15. Receiving a salary of $100/day or $4.50 /hour? 16. Renting a game for $5/day or $36/week? 17. Andrew receives $480 per day working on a project. David receives $22 per hour for working on the same project. Who gets the better salary? 18. You are late for school. The bus driver can either drive at 70 km/hr or 1.1 km/minute. What speed is faster? 19. Sprinter #1 is running at a speed of 8 ft/s and sprinter #2 is running at 475 feet/min. Who will win the race?

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