Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, 6 th Ed. Introductory Chemistry, 6 th Ed. Basic Chemistry, 6 th Ed.
|
|
- Nicholas Clarke
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, 6 th Ed. Introductory Chemistry, 6 th Ed. Basic Chemistry, 6 th Ed. by Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste University of Illinois
2 Chapter 2 Measurements and Calculations
3 Measurement Quantitative observation Comparison based on an accepted scale e.g. Meter stick Has 2 parts number and unit Number tells comparison Unit tells scale
4 Scientific Notation Technique used to express very large or very small numbers Based on powers of 10 To compare numbers written in scientific notation First compare exponents of 10 Then compare numbers
5 Writing Numbers in Scientific Notation 1 Locate the decimal point 2 Move the decimal point to the right of the nonzero digit in the largest place The new number is now between 1 and 10 3 Multiply the new number by 10 n Where n is the number of places you moved the decimal point 4 Determine the sign on the exponent n If the decimal point was moved left, n is + If the decimal point was moved right, n is If the decimal point was not moved, n is 0
6 Writing Numbers in Standard Form 1 Determine the sign of n of 10 n If n is + the decimal point will move to the right If n is the decimal point will move to the left 2 Determine the value of the exponent of 10 Tells the number of places to move the decimal point 3 Move the decimal point and rewrite the number
7 Related Units in the Metric System All units in the metric system are related to the fundamental unit by a power of 10 Power of 10 is indicated by a prefix Prefixes are always the same, regardless of the fundamental unit
8 Some Fundamental SI Units
9 Prefixes All units in the metric system utilize the same prefixes
10 Length
11 Volume Measure of the amount of 3-D space occupied by a substance SI unit = cubic meter (m 3 ) Commonly measure solid volume in cubic centimeters (cm 3 ) 1 ml = 1 cm 3
12 Mass Measure of the amount of matter present in an object SI unit = kilogram (kg) Commonly measure mass in grams (g) or milligrams (mg) 1 kg = pounds, 1 lb = g
13 Uncertainty in Measured Numbers A measurement always has some amount of uncertainty Uncertainty comes from limitations of the techniques used for comparison To understand how reliable a measurement is, we need to understand the limitations of the measurement
14 Reporting Measurements Significant figures: system used by scientists to indicate the uncertainty of a single measurement Last digit written in a measurement is the number that is considered uncertain Unless stated otherwise, uncertainty in the last digit is ±1
15 Rules for Counting Significant Figures Nonzero integers are always significant Zeros Leading zeros never count as significant figures Captive zeros are always significant Trailing zeros are significant if the number has a decimal point Exact numbers have an unlimited number of significant figures
16 Rules for Rounding Off If the digit to be removed Is less than 5, the preceding digit stays the same Is equal to or greater than 5, the preceding digit is increased by 1 In a series of calculations, carry the extra digits to the final result, then round off Don t forget to add place-holding zeros if necessary to keep value the same!!
17 Exact Numbers Exact numbers: numbers known with certainty Counting numbers number of sides on a square Defined numbers 100 cm = 1 m, 12 in = 1 ft, 1 in = 2.54 cm 1 minute = 60 seconds Have unlimited number of significant figures
18 Calculations with Significant Figures Calculators/computers do not know about significant figures!!! Exact numbers do not affect the number of significant figures in an answer Answers to calculations must be rounded to the proper number of significant figures Round at the end of a calculation
19 Multiplication/Division with Significant Figures Result has the same number of significant figures as the measurement with the smallest number of significant figures Count the number of significant figures in each measurement
20 Multiplication/Division with Significant Figures (cont.) Then round the result so it has the same number of significant figures as the measurement with the smallest number of significant figures 4.5 cm x cm = 0.90 cm 2 2 sig figs 3 sig figs 2 sig figs
21 Adding/Subtracting Numbers with Significant Figures Result is limited by the number with the smallest number of significant decimal places Find last significant figure in each measurement Find which one is left-most
22 Adding/Subtracting Numbers with Significant Figures (cont.) Then round answer to the same decimal place 450 ml ml = 480 ml precise to 10 s place precise to 0.1 s place precise to 10 s place
23 Problem Solving and Dimensional Analysis Many problems in chemistry involve using equivalence statements to convert one unit of measurement to another Conversion factor = relationship between two units May be exact or measured Both parts of the conversion factor should have the same number of significant figures
24 Problem Solving and Dimensional Analysis (cont.) Conversion factors generated from equivalence statements e.g. 1 inch = 2.54 cm can give or 1in 2.54cm 2.54cm 1in
25 Problem Solving and Dimensional Analysis (cont.) Arrange conversion factors so starting unit cancels Arrange conversion factor so starting unit is on the bottom of the conversion factor May string conversion factors
26 Converting One Unit to Another Find the relationship(s) between starting and goal units. Write equivalence statement for each relationship. Write a conversion factor for each equivalence statement. Arrange the conversion factor(s) to cancel with starting unit and result in goal unit.
27 Converting One Unit to Another (cont.) Check that units cancel properly Multiply and divide the numbers to give the answer with the proper unit. Check significant figures Check that your answer makes sense!
28 Temperature Scales
29 Density Density = property of matter representing the mass per unit volume Density = Mass Volume Volume of a solid can be determined by water displacement
30 Density (cont.)
31 Using Density in Calculations Density = Volume = Mass Volume Mass Density Mass = Density Volume
Measurement. Scientific Notation. Measurements and Problem Solving. Writing Numbers in Scientific Notation
Measurement Chapter 2 Measurements and Problem Solving Quantitative observation Comparison based on an accepted scale e.g. Meter stick Has 2 parts number and unit Number tells comparison Unit tells scale
More informationChapter 2. Measurements and Calculations
Chapter 2 Measurements and Calculations Section 2.1 Scientific Notation Measurement Quantitative observation. Has 2 parts number and unit. Number tells comparison. Unit tells scale. If something HAS a
More informationSyllabus Tutors Review from previous class. Resources. Lecture: MW 5:30PM-6:50PM Room 425
Chapter 2 Syllabus Tutors Review from previous class 1 Chapter 2 Resources Lecture: MW 5:30PM-6:50PM Room 425 Text book: Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald DeCosta, Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, 8th Website:
More informationChapter 2 Measurements & Calculations. Quantity: A thing that can be measured. ex. Length (6.3 ft), mass (35 kg), and time (7.2 s)
Chapter 2 Measurements & Calculations Quantity: A thing that can be measured. ex. Length (6.3 ft), mass (35 kg), and time (7.2 s) Measurements can be expressed in a variety of units: Example: length(cm,
More informationChapter 2: Standards for Measurement. 2.1 Scientific Notation
Chapter 2: Standards for Measurement 2.1 Scientific Notation A measurement (quantitative observation) consists of two parts: o Numerical value which gives magnitude, and o Unit which gives the scale used
More information2 Standards for Measurement. Careful and accurate measurements of ingredients are important both when cooking and in the chemistry laboratory!
2 Standards for Measurement Careful and accurate measurements of ingredients are important both when cooking and in the chemistry laboratory! Chapter Outline 2.1 Scientific Notation 2.2 Measurement and
More informationMeasurement. Chemistry Chapter 2 Scientific Notations, Measurement, Metric System
Measurement Chemistry Chapter 2 Scientific Notations, Measurement, Metric System Scientific Notation Scientific notation: a method for making very large or small numbers more compact and easier to write.
More informationChemistry: The Study of Change Chang & Goldsby 12 th edition
Chemistry: The Study of Change Chang & Goldsby 12 th edition modified by Dr. Hahn Chapter 1 Example 1.4 Determine the number of significant figures in the following measurements: (a)478 cm (b)6.01 g end
More informationUnit 1 Part 1: Significant Figures and Scientific Notation. Objective understand significant figures and their rules. Be able to use scientific
Unit 1 Part 1: Significant Figures and Scientific Notation. Objective understand significant figures and their rules. Be able to use scientific notation in calculations. Significant figures - consist of
More informationNotes Chapter 2: Measurements and Calculations. It is used to easily and simply write very large numbers, and very small numbers.
Scientific Notation Notes Chapter 2: Measurements and Calculations It is used to easily and simply write very large numbers, and very small numbers. It begins with a number greater than zero & less than
More informationChapter 2 Measurement and Problem Solving
Measurement and Problem Solving What Is a Measurement? Quantitative observation. Comparison to an agreed upon standard. Every measurement has a number and a unit. 2 A Measurement The unit tells you to
More informationMetric Prefixes UNITS & MEASUREMENT 10/6/2015 WHY DO UNITS AND MEASUREMENT MATTER?
UNITS & MEASUREMENT WHY DO UNITS AND MEASUREMENT MATTER? Chemistry In Action On 9/3/99, $15,000,000 Mars Climate Orbiter entered Mar s atmosphere 100 km (6 miles) lower than planned and was destroyed by
More informationChapter 2 - Measurements and Calculations
Chapter 2 - Measurements and Calculations 2-1 The Scientific Method "A logical approach to solving problems by observing and collecting data, formulating hypotheses, testing hypotheses, and formulating
More informationMeasurements. October 06, 2014
Measurements Measurements Measurements are quantitative observations. What are some kinds of quantitative observations you might make? Temperature Volume Length Mass Student A and Student B measured the
More informationRight Side NOTES ONLY. TN Ch 2.1, 2.3 Topic: EQ:
CH 2 MEASUREMENTS Title and Highlight Right Side NOTES ONLY TN Ch 2.1, 2.3 Topic: EQ: Date Reflect Question: Reflect on the material by asking a question (its not suppose to be answered from notes) NOTES:
More informationChapter 2 Measurements and Solving Problems
History of Measurement Chapter 2 Measurements and Solving Problems Humans once used handy items as standards or reference tools for measurement. Ex: foot, cubit, hand, yard. English System the one we use.
More informationIn Class Activity. Chem 107 Cypress College
In Class Activity Chem 107 Cypress College Metric System Give the metric prefix that corresponds to each of the following: a. 1,000,000 b. 10 6 c. 10-3 d. 10-2 e. 10-9 f. 0.000001 Metric System The metric
More informationName Period Date. Measurements. Fill-in the blanks during the PowerPoint presentation in class.
Name Period Date Measurements Fill-in the blanks during the PowerPoint presentation in class. What is Scientific Notation? Scientific notation is a way of expressing big numbers and small numbers. It is
More informationGilbert Kirss Foster. Chapter 1. Properties of Gases The Air We Breathe
Gilbert Kirss Foster Chapter 1 Properties of Gases The Air We Breathe Chapter Outline 1.1 States of Matter 1.2 Forms of Energy 1.3 Classes of Matter 1.4 Properties of Matter 1.5 Atomic Theory: The Scientific
More informationSection 1 Scientific Method. Describe the purpose of the scientific method. Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative observations.
Section 1 Scientific Method Objectives Describe the purpose of the scientific method. Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative observations. Describe the differences between hypotheses, theories,
More informationChapter 1 (Part 2) Measurements in Chemistry 1.6 Physical Quantities
Chapter 1 (Part 2) Measurements in Chemistry 1.6 Physical Quantities This is a property that can by physically measured. It consists of a number and a unit of measure. (e.g. ) Units Units are very important.
More informationCo Curricular Data Analysis Review
Chapter Vocabulary Co Curricular Data Analysis Review Base Unit Second (s) Meter (m) Kilogram (kg) Kelvin (K) Derived unit Liter Density Scientific notation Dimensional analysis (Equality) not in book
More informationCHM 130 Measurements, Significant Figures, Derived Quantities, and Unit Conversions
CHM 130 Measurements, Significant Figures, Derived Quantities, and Unit Conversions Objectives 1. Use measuring tools correctly 2. Read and record measurements correctly (significant digits and unit) 3.
More informationChapter 2 Measurement and Problem Solving. What Is a Measurement? Scientific Notation 8/20/09. Introductory Chemistry, 3 rd Edition Nivaldo Tro
Introductory Chemistry, 3 rd Edition Nivaldo Tro Measurement and Problem Solving Roy Kennedy Massachusetts Bay Community College Wellesley Hills, MA 2009, Prentice Hall What Is a Measurement? Quantitative
More informationCHAPTER 2: MEASUREMENTS IN CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER 2: MEASUREMENTS IN CHEMISTRY MULTIPLE CHOICE 1) The mathematical meaning associated with the metric system prefixes centi, milli, and micro is, respectively, a) 10 2, 10 4, and 10 6 c) 10 3, 10
More informationSummer 2018 Part I Key
Summer 2018 Part I Key 1 Section 1: Scientific notation Chemists often deal with numbers that are either extremely large of extremely small. For example, in 1g of the element hydrogen there are roughly
More informationName: Class: Date: General Organic and Biological Chemistry 7th Edition Stoker SOLUTIONS MANUAL
General Organic and Biological Chemistry 7th Edition Stoker TEST BANK Full download at: https://testbankreal.com/download/general-organic-biological-chemistry-7thedition-stoker-test-bank/ General Organic
More informationChapter 1 Introduction, Measurement, Estimating
Chapter 1 Introduction, Measurement, Estimating The Nature of Science Units of Chapter 1 Physics and Its Relation to Other Fields Models, Theories, and Laws Measurement and Uncertainty; Significant Figures
More informationAccuracy of Measurement: how close your measured value is to the actual measurement
Standard: an exact quantity that people use to make measurements Good Example: a meter stick (everyone one knows the length of a meter) Bad Example: Ms. Pluchino s foot (everyone does not know how big
More informationChemistry Day 39. Friday, December 14 th Monday, December 17 th, 2018
Chemistry Day 39 Friday, December 14 th Monday, December 17 th, 2018 Do-Now: Reactions Quiz Do-Now 1. Write down today s FLT 2. Copy: KCl + H 2 O à? 3. Identify the type of reaction in #2. 4. Predict the
More informationMeasurements and Calculations. Chapter 2
Measurements and Calculations Chapter 2 Scientific Method Observing/Collecting Data Hypothesis Testing Theorizing Publishing Units of Measurement All measurements require two parts 1. Quantity 2. Unit
More informationChapter 1 and 3 Guided Notes
What is Chemistry? Chemistry: 5 areas of Chemistry: o Organic- o Inorganic- o Biochemistry- o Analytical- o Physical- Chapter 1 and 3 Guided Notes Scientific Method: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Variables: -The variable
More informationChapter 1B. Measurement CHAPTER OUTLINE
Chapter 1B Measurement 1 CHAPTER OUTLINE SI Units Scientific Notation Error in Measurements Significant Figures Rounding Off Numbers Conversion of Factors Conversion of Units Volume & Density 2 1 SI UNITS
More informationMEASUREMENT CALCULATIONS AND. Chapter 2 Chemistry I
MEASUREMENT AND CALCULATIONS Chapter 2 Chemistry I 2018-2019 I. SCIENTIFIC METHOD A. SCIENTIFIC METHOD: The Scientific Method is a logical approach to solving problems by observing and collecting data,
More informationChapter 2: Measurements and Problem Solving
C h 2 : M e a s u r e m e n t s a n d P r o b l e m S o l v i n g P a g e 1 Chapter 2: Measurements and Problem Solving Read Chapter 2, work problems. Look over the lab assignments before the lab. Keep
More informationCHAPTER 1 Matter & Measurement
CHAPTER 1 Matter & Measurement General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry Janice Gorzynski Smith CHAPTER 1: Matter & Measurement Learning Objectives:! Definition of matter! Solids, liquids, and gases! Physical
More informationEvery time a measurement is taken, we must be aware of significant figures! Define significant figures.
SCHM 103: FUNDAMENTALS OF CHEMISTRY Ch. 2: Numerical Side of Chemistry Types of data collected in experiments include: Qualitative: Quantitative: Making Measurements Whenever a piece of data is collected,
More informationMeasurements and Calculations. Chapter 2
Measurements and Calculations Chapter 2 Scientific Method Section 2-1 The Scientific Method The scientific method is a logical approach to solving problems by observing and collecting data, formulating
More informationWHAT IS CHEMISTRY? Chemistry 51 Chapter 1. Chemistry is the science that deals with the materials of the universe, and the changes they undergo.
WHAT IS CHEMISTRY? Chemistry is the science that deals with the materials of the universe, and the changes they undergo. Materials of the universe can be of several forms: Gas: Liquid: Solid: air, oxygen
More informationChapter 1 Matter,Measurement, and Problem Solving
Chapter 1 Matter,Measurement, and Problem Solving Classification of Matter matter is anything that has mass and occupies space we can classify matter based on whether it s solid, liquid, or gas State Shape
More informationBase unit-a defined unit of measurement based on an object or event in the physical world. Length
Base unit-a defined unit of measurement based on an object or event in the physical world Five base units: Temperature Mass Length Time Energy Derived unit-a unit of measurement defined by a combination
More informationCHAPTER 2 Data Analysis
CHAPTER 2 Data Analysis 2.1 Units of Measurement The standard of measurement used in science are those of the metric system. All the units are based on 10 or multiples of 10. SI Units: The International
More informationChemistry 104 Chapter Two PowerPoint Notes
Measurements in Chemistry Chapter 2 Physical Quantities Measurable physical properties such as height, volume, and temperature are called Physical quantity. A number and a unit of defined size is required
More informationMeasurement and Significant Figures AP CHEMISTRY. Textbook: Chemistry by Zumdahl & Zumdahl, 9th edition, Instructor: Mrs.
AP CHEMISTRY Textbook: Chemistry by Zumdahl & Zumdahl, 9th edition, 2014. Instructor: Mrs. Beth Smith Ch 1 Chemical Foundations Big Idea 1: The chemical elements are fundamental building materials of matter
More information2.1 Units of Measurement. Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 2 Measurements 2.1 Units of Measurement 1 Measurement You make a measurement every time you measure your height read your watch take your temperature weigh a cantaloupe 2 Measurement in Chemistry
More informationPage 24 Monday August 03, 2015
Page Monday August 0, 05 Convert with-in the metric system Practice: How many. Practice: How many.. Centimeters in a meter?. Grams in Kilogram?. Liters in Kiloliter?. Meters in Kilometer? 5. Millimeters
More informationMeasurement Chapter 1.6-7
Unit 1 Essential Skills Measurement Chapter 1.6-7 The Unit 1 Test will cover material from the following Chapters and Sections: 1.all 2.5-8 3.all 2 Two types of Data: When we make observations of matter,
More informationSection 1 Scientific Method. Describe the purpose of the scientific method. Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative observations.
Section 1 Scientific Method Objectives Describe the purpose of the scientific method. Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative observations. Describe the differences between hypotheses, theories,
More informationChapter 1. Introduction: Matter and Measurement
Chapter 1 Introduction: Matter and Measurement Steps in the Scientific Method 1. Observations - quantitative - qualitative 2. Formulating hypotheses - possible explanation for the observation 3. Performing
More informationMeasurement and Chemical Calculations. Measurement and Chemical Calculations
Measurement and Chemical Calculations. Chapter 3 Measurement and Chemical Calculations Very large and very small numbers: exponential notation Metric system and SI base units Mass, length, temperature,
More informationWelcome to Chemistry 121
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Fourth Edition Karen Timberlake Welcome to Chemistry 121 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Fourth Edition Karen Timberlake
More informationAllows us to work with very large or small numbers more easily. All numbers are a product of 10.
Unit 1: Measurements Scientific Notation : Allows us to work with very large or small numbers more easily. All numbers are a product of 10. M x 10n M= signif. digit [ 1 < M < 10 ] n = an integer move the
More informationSIGNIFICANT FIGURES. x 100%
Page 1 SIGNIFICANT FIGURES ASSIGNED READING: Zumdahal, et.al, Chemistry (10 th ed.), Chapter 1, Sec. 4 and 5. I. Accuracy and Precision It is important to remember, here at the outset of this course, that
More informationLaw vs. Theory. Steps in the Scientific Method. Outcomes Over the Long-Term. Measuring Matter in Two Ways
Law vs. Theory A law summarizes what happens A theory (model) is an attempt to explain why it happens. Unit 2: (Chapter 5) Measurements and Calculations Cartoon courtesy of NearingZero.net Steps in the
More informationαα Measuring Global Temperatures 2.1 Measuring Global Temperatures Introductory Chemistry Fourth Edition Nivaldo J.
Introductory Chemistry Fourth Edition Nivaldo J. Tro Chapter 2 Measurement and Problem Solving Dr. Sylvia Esjornson Southwestern Oklahoma State University Weatherford, OK 2.1 Measuring Global Temperatures
More informationCHAPTER 2: SCIENTIFIC MEASUREMENTS
CHAPTER 2: SCIENTIFIC MEASUREMENTS Problems: 1-26, 37-76, 80-84, 89-93 2.1 UNCERTAINTY IN MEASUREMENTS measurement: a number with attached units To measure, one uses instruments = tools such as a ruler,
More informationChapter 2a. Measurements and Calculations
Chapter 2a Measurements and Calculations Chapter 2 Table of Contents 2.1 Scientific Notation 2.2 Units 2.3 Measurements of Length, Volume, and Mass 2.4 Uncertainty in Measurement 2.5 Significant Figures
More informationChemistry Chapter 2 Study Guide/Practice Problems
Chemistry Chapter 2 Study Guide/Practice Problems What to Know From Your NOTES (stuff other than calculations) Review notes from the packet: Steps of the scientific method- what they are and why they are
More informationChapter 2. Preview. Objectives Scientific Method Observing and Collecting Data Formulating Hypotheses Testing Hypotheses Theorizing Scientific Method
Preview Objectives Scientific Method Observing and Collecting Data Formulating Hypotheses Testing Hypotheses Theorizing Scientific Method Section 1 Scientific Method Objectives Describe the purpose of
More informationIntroductory Chemistry Fifth Edition Nivaldo J. Tro
Introductory Chemistry Fifth Edition Nivaldo J. Tro Chapter 2 Measurement and Problem Solving Dr. Sylvia Esjornson Southwestern Oklahoma State University Weatherford, OK Reporting the Measure of Global
More informationChapter 3 Scientific Measurement
Chapter 3 Scientific Measurement Measurements We make measurements every day: buying products, sports activities, and cooking Qualitative measurements are words, such as heavy or hot Quantitative measurements
More informationSection 5.1 Scientific Notation and Units Objectives
Objectives 1. To show how very large or very small numbers can be expressed in scientific notation 2. To learn the English, metric, and SI systems of measurement 3. To use the metric system to measure
More informationMeasurements in Chemistry Chapter 2
Measurements in Chemistry Chapter 2 Problem-Set Solutions 2.1 It is easier to use because it is a decimal unit system. 2.2 Common measurements include mass, volume, length, time, temperature, pressure,
More informationMeasurements in Science
Measurements in Science Measuring When you measure with an instrument, there are digits that are certain and one digit that is uncertain. Your precision is determined by how precise the instrument is.
More informationMeasurement. Measurement in Chemistry. Measurement. Stating a Measurement. The Metric System (SI) Basic Chemistry. Chapter 2 Measurements
Chapter 2 Lecture Chapter 2 Measurements 2.1 Units of Measurement Fifth Edition Measurement You make a measurement every time you measure your height read your watch take your temperature weigh a cantaloupe
More informationNotes: Measurement and Calculation
Name Chemistry-PAP Per. I. The Basics of Measurement Notes: Measurement and Calculation A. Measurement Most provide quantitative information, but because they are obtained experimentally, they are inexact.
More informationScientific Notation Review
Summer Packet AP Physics B Use the internet for additional reference on the following problems. Complete all problems!! You must bring this on the first day of school it will count as your first exam!!
More informationMEASUREMENTS. Significant Figures
SIGNIFICANT FIGURES MEASUREMENTS Significant Figures Every measured value, that you record on paper, reflects the precision of the measuring device used to obtain that value. Every calculated value that
More informationChapter 3 Scientific Measurement
Chapter 3 Scientific Measurement Measurements 2 types: Qualitative measurements (words) Heavy, hot, or long Quantitative measurements (# s) & depend on: 1) Reliability of measuring instrument 2) Care w/
More informationSCIENTIFIC MEASUREMENT
SCIENTIFIC MEASUREMENT QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENTS Described with a value (number) & a unit (reference scale) Both the value and unit are of equal importance!! NO NAKED NUMBERS!!!!!!!!!! QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENTS
More informationMeasurements in Chemistry Chapter 2
Measurements in Chemistry Chapter 2 Problem-Set Solutions 2.1 It is easier to use because it is a decimal unit system. 2.2 Common measurements include mass, volume, length, time, temperature, pressure,
More informationScientific Notation. Sig. Figs. Estimation Density. Unit cancelation
Unit cancelation Sig. Figs. Scientific Notation Estimation Density 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 When doing unit conversions, this
More informationMEASUREMENT AND PROBLEM SOLVING. Chapter 3 & 4
MEASUREMENT AND PROBLEM SOLVING Chapter 3 & 4 Importance of Measurements 1. Fundamental to all sciences 2. In chemistry you use the International System of Measurements (SI units). Qualitative vs. Quantitative
More informationNotes: Unit 1: Math and Measurement
Name: Regents Chemistry: Notes: Unit 1: Math and Measurement www.chempride.weebly.com Key Ideas Major Understandings: o Chemistry is the study of matter: Matter takes up space and has mass. (K- 4, 3.1a)
More informationNotes: Unit 1: Math and Measurement
Name: Regents Chemistry: Notes: Unit 1: Math and Measurement www.chempride.weebly.com Key Ideas Major Understandings: o Chemistry is the study of matter: Matter takes up space and has mass. (K- 4, 3.1a)
More informationLab 1: Measurement. PART 1: Exponential Notation: Powers of 10
Lab 1: Measurement Equipment: 2 meter sticks You will find these websites useful for today s lab: SI Base Units: http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/units/units.html Metric prefixes: http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/units/prefixes.html
More informationScientific Measurement
A measurement is a quantity that has both a number and a unit Some numbers encountered in science can be either very large or very small We use scientific notation to make those numbers easier to work
More informationWelcome to CHEM 1101
Welcome to CHEM 1101 Lecture Times: Tuesday and Thursday 9 to 9:50 a.m. Instructor: Dr. Muhannad Amer Office Location: 44 staff Bldng Required Materials Text: Chemistry, 7th ed., Zumdahl Please see course
More informationModule 4 Conversion Factors
Module 4 Conversion Factors Prerequisite Module 4 requires Lessons 1A and 1B (on exponential fundamentals) and 2A and 2B (on metric fundamentals). Lesson 2C and Module 3 will be helpful, but not essential,
More informationScientific Method. Why Study Chemistry? Why Study Chemistry? Chemistry has many applications to our everyday world. 1. Materials. Areas of Chemistry
August 12, 2012 Introduction to Chemistry and Scientific Measurement What is Chemistry? Chemistry: is the study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter undergoes. Chapters 1 and 3 Why
More informationChapter 1. Chemistry and Measurements
Chapter 1 Chemistry and Measurements Section 1-1 Chemistry: the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. macroscopic: relating to large-scale analysis, visible to the naked eye microscopic: not visible
More informationCHAPTER 9 : Motion Physics Intro to MEASUREMENTS
CHAPTER 9 : Motion Physics Intro to MEASUREMENTS SIGNIFICANT FIGURES SCIENTIFIC NOTATION CALCULATIONS ACCURACY AND PRECICION ERRORS REVIEW OF METRIC SYSTEM Significant figures and calculations Significant
More informationWelcome to General Chemistry I
Welcome to General Chemistry I Chemistry Chemistry is a branch of science that studies the composition and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes H 2 O http://theresilientearth.com/?q=content/climate-models-blown-away-water-vapor
More informationDimensional Analysis, SI Units & Significant figures
Dimensional Analysis, SI Units & Significant figures WHAT IS CHEMISTRY The study of matter, its composition, structure, properties, and the changes it undergoes & energy changes associated with it. Scientific
More information2_SigDigs.notebook. September 12, Tumble Buggy Speeds... Dynamics Cart Speeds...
Tumble Buggy Speeds... Dynamics Cart Speeds... 1 Working with Measurements in Science in science our numbers cannot be exact. we never express measurements as exact values. (Measurements from last class.)
More informationWhat s in a Scientist s Toolbox?
What s in a Scientist s Toolbox? OBJECTIVES After completing this lab you will be able to: Make different kinds of scientific measurements with several common laboratory tools. Use assorted measurement
More informationSignificant Figures, Measurement, and Calculations in Chemistry
Significant Figures, Measurement, and Calculations in Chemistry Carl Hoeger, Ph.D. University of California, San Diego SigFig 1 Part 1: Measurements, Errors, and Significant Figures Carl Hoeger, Ph.D.
More informationMeasurements in Chemistry
Measurements in Chemistry Measurements are part of our daily lives. We measure our weight, driving distances and gallons of gasoline. A health professional might measure blood pressure, temperature and
More informationUncertainty in Measurements
Uncertainty in Measurements! Two kinds of numbers " Exact! counted values " 2 dogs " 26 letters " 3 brothers! defined numbers " 12 inches per foot " 1000 g per kilogram " 2.54 cm per inch Metric Practice!
More informationMeasurement. New Topics accuracy vs. precision rounding in chemistry significant figures determining uncertainty of a measurement % error moles - 1 -
Measurement Unit Description In this unit we will focus on the mathematical tools we use in science, especially chemistry the metric system and moles. We will also talk about how to gauge the accuracy
More informationCRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 2 - Measurement and Calculations. Notes. Key Dates. LAB Dates
Name Period CRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 2 - Measurement and Calculations Notes Key Dates Quiz Date Exam Date LAB Dates Notes, Homework, Exam Reviews and Their KEYS located on CRHS Academic Chemistry Website:
More informationCRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 2 - Measurement and Calculations. Notes. Key Dates. LAB Dates
Name KEY Period CRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 2 - Measurement and Calculations Notes Key Dates Quiz Date Exam Date LAB Dates Notes, Homework,Exam Reviews and Their KEYS located on CRHS Academic Chemistry
More informationAccelerated Chemistry Study Guide What is Chemistry? (Chapter 1)
Accelerated Chemistry Study Guide What is Chemistry? (Chapter 1) Conversion factor Density Uncertainty Significant digits/figures Precision Accuracy Percent error September 2017 Page 1 of 32 Scientific
More informationMath Skills Needed For Chemistry
Lecture Presentation Chapter 1 Chemistry in Our Lives What is Chemistry? Chemistry is the study of composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter. happens all around you every day. Antacid
More informationChapter 5 Measurements and Calculations Objectives
Objectives 1. To show how very large or very small numbers can be expressed in scientific notation 2. To learn the English, metric, and SI systems of measurement 3. To use the metric system to measure
More informationHow do physicists study problems?
What is Physics? The branch of science that studies the physical world (from atoms to the universe); The study of the nature of matter and energy and how they are related; The ability to understand or
More informationInternational System of Units (SI)
Measurement International System of Units (SI) revised metric system proposed in 1960 widely used in science 7 base units SI Base Units Length Meter m Mass Kilogram kg Time Electrical current Second Ampere
More information(Significant Digits are in BOLD type and the non-significant digits are underlined)
Name Per. Date Significant Digits Worksheet Significant digits (or significant figures) are used to represent the accuracy of a measurement. In a measurement the significant digits represent all the reliable
More informationMeasurement and Uncertainty
Measurement and Uncertainty Name: Date: Block: There is uncertainty in every measurement due to of accuracy and precision. Accuracy: how close the instrument measures to an accepted. Precision: how closely
More information