AP Physics 1 Summer Assignment 2016

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1 Welcome to AP Physics 1! AP Physics 1 Summer Assignment 2016 The science of physics was developed to help explain the physical environment around us. Many of the concepts covered in this class will help you understand how our world works. In this course, all of topics covered correlate to the seven Big Ideas of the AP Physics Curriculum Framework. Because there is a lot of material to cover, this class will be fast-paced and rigorous. Be prepared to work long hours and do independent study. You must be committed to this class in order to do well. The purpose of this packet is for all students to have a firm foundation on the mathematical concepts used in AP Physics. You need to be comfortable with the following materials since they will be used all throughout the year, and this information will not be covered in the school year. Do not hesitate to ask for help. Also, form a study group with other AP Physics 1 students. Collaborating (not copying) with others is a valuable skill that will serve you well in this class and in the future. Discussing the problem, bouncing ideas and thoughts, working out mistakes together all help in understanding the underlining concepts in physics. It is my hope that combined with your previous math and science knowledge; this assignment is merely a review and a means to brush up on your skills before we begin our actual course work. You work must be legible and linear, and I must be able to follow it easily. Please no incoherent jumping around the page. Mark your final answers by either circling or boxing them. Please be sure to understand the math concepts and do all assignments before the beginning of the school year. All assignments are due on the first day of school, and there will be a quiz on the material during the first week of school. If you have any questions about the assignment, feel free to me: mcontratto@kingslocal.net ASSIGNMENT: 1. Go 2. Math Review Worksheets (Sig Fig & Units Worksheet, Dimensional Analysis Worksheet, and Math Review & Vectors Worksheet): For all the worksheets, please show ALL work for your computations and have units for all your final answers (if applicable). 3. Read Chapter 1 of the AP Physics textbook, College Physics by Knight, Jones, & Field. me to receive a copy of the pdf for this chapter 4. Complete the questions and problems for each section listed on the Chapter 1 Outline/Syllabus See you in the fall! Mrs. Contratto

2 Name Date Period Math/Science Review AP Physics 1 Part 1: Metrics, Scientific Notation & Dimensional Analysis Science uses the KMS system (SI: System International). KMS stands for kilogram, meter, and second. These are the units of choice of physics. The equations in physics depend on unit agreement. So you must convert to KMS in most problems to arrive at the correct answer. Finish the SI prefix table below. Follow the example of the centi- prefix. You will need to memorize these. Symbol Name Numerical Equivalent n m c centi 10-2 k M G Convert each of the following g = kg mm 3 = m nm = m g = g x10-8 m = mm m 2 = cm MHz = Hz m/s = km/hr 9. Perform all operations with a calculator and write your answers with the correct number of significant figures: a. = b. = c. =

3 Unit Conversion/Dimensional Analysis Problems Solve each of the following using dimensional analysis and remember to show all of your work! YOU MUST SHOW ALL UNITS! 10. The largest diamond ever found had a size of 3106 carats. One carat is equivalent to a mass of g. Use the fact that 1.0 kg has a weight of lbs. under certain conditions, and determine the weight of this diamond in pounds. 11. Vesna Vulovic survived the longest fall on record without a parachute when her plane exploded and she fell 6 miles, 551 yards. What is this distance in meters? 12. Azelastine hydrochloride is an antihistamine nasal spray. A standard size container holds one fluid ounce (oz) of the liquid. You are searching for this medication in a European drugstore and are asked how many milliliters (ml) there are in one fluid ounce. Using the following conversion factors, determine the number of milliliters in a volume of one fluid ounce: 1 gallon (gal) = 128 oz., x 10-3 cubic meters (m 3 ) = 1.0 gal, and 1 ml = 1.0 x 10-6 m 3. Part 2: Significant Figures 14. Determine the number of significant figures in each of the following measurements m 1,000, 000 mg km 302 kg m Pa m x 10-2 s o C 15. Determine how many decimal places the solution will have. DO NOT SOLVE km km + 77 km L 5.0 L 4050 m 2.06 m kg kg cm cm cm 1.00 m m Using scientific notation, express the speed of light m/s with: a. 3 significant digits b. 2 significant digits

4 17. Determine how many significant figures should be written for the final answer. DO NOT SOLVE kg 120 L (518 cm) (21.3 cm) (450.1 m) (1.040 x 10-2 m) (6.00 m) 1070 m m m m ( cm) (23 cm) Part 3: Algebra 18. The following are ordinary physics problems. Place the answer in scientific notation when appropriate and simplify the units (Scientific notation is used when it takes less time to write than the ordinary number does. As an example 200 is easier to write than 2.00 x 10 2, but 2.00 x 10 8 is easier to write than 200,000,000). Do your best to cancel units, and attempt to show the simplified units in the final answer.

5 19. Often problems are done with variables only. Solve for the variable indicated. Don t let the different letters confuse you. Manipulate them algebraically as though they were numbers. 20. Consider z = x s2, c = ab, l = m - n, or r = y t. 2 a.) As x increases and y stays constant, z. b.) As y increases and x stays constant, z. c.) As x increases and z stays constant, y. d.) As a increases and c stays constant, b. e.) As c increases and b stays constant, a. f.) As b increases and a stays constant, c. g.) As n increases and m stays constant, l. h.) As l increases and n stays constant, m. i.) If s is tripled and t stays constant, r is multiplied by. j.) If t is doubled and s stays constant, r is multiplied by.

6 Use the equations in each problem to solve for the specified variable in the given terms. Simplify. 21. F f = mf N and F N = mgcosq. Solve for in terms of Ff, m, g, and. 22. F 1 + F 2 = F T and F 1 d 1 = F 2 d 2. Solve for F1 in terms of FT, d1, and d F c = ma c and a c = v 2. Solve for r in terms of Fc, m, and v. r 24. T = 2p L g and T = 1. Solve for L in terms of, g, and f. f Part 4: Geometry & Trigonometry 25. You are driving into St. Louis, Missouri, and in the distance you see the famous Gateway-to-the- West arch. This monument rises to a height of 192 m. You estimate your line of sight with the top of the arch to be 2.0 o above the horizontal. Approximately how far (in kilometers) are you from the base of the arch? DRAW A PICTURE!

7 26. The drawing shows a person looking at a building on top of which an antenna is mounted. The horizontal distance between the person s eyes and the building is 85.0 m. In part a the person is looking at the base of the antenna, and his line of sight makes an angle of 35.0 o with the horizontal. In part b the person is looking at the top of the antenna, and his line of sight makes an angle of 38.0 o with the horizontal. How tall is the antenna? 27. The gondola ski lift at Keystone, Colorado, is 2830 m long. On average, the ski lift rises 14.6 o above the horizontal. How high is the top of the ski lift relative to the base? DRAW A PICTURE! 28. A highway is to be built between two towns, one of which lies 35.0 km south and 72.0 km west of the other. What is the shortest length of highway that can be built between the two towns, and at what angle would this highway be directed with respect to due west? (Hint: Label axis N,S,E,W)

29. The two hot-air balloons in the diagram are 48.2 m and 61.0 m above the ground. A person in the left balloon observes that the right balloon is 13.3 o above the horizontal.

8 29. The two hot-air balloons in the diagram are 48.2 m and 61.0 m above the ground. A person in the left balloon observes that the right balloon is 13.3 o above the horizontal. What is the horizontal distance x between the two balloons? 30. The drawing shows sodium and chloride ions positioned at the corners of a cube that is part of the crystal structure of sodium chloride ( common table salt). The edge of the cube is nm in length. Find the distance (in nanometers) between the sodium ion located at one corner of the cube and the chloride ion located on the diagonal at the opposite corner. 31. What is the value of the angle in the drawing that accompanies problem The silhouette of a Christmas tree is an isosceles triangle. The angle at the top of the triangle is 30.0 o, and the base measures 2.00 m across. How tall is the tree? DRAW A PICTURE!

9 33. The depth of the ocean is sometimes measured in fathoms (1 fathom = 6 feet). Distance on the surface of the ocean is sometimes measured in nautical miles (1 nautical mile = 6076 feet). The water beneath a surface rectangle 1.20 nautical miles by 2.60 nautical miles has a depth of 16.0 fathoms. Find the volume of water (in cubic meters) beneath this rectangle. DRAW A PICTURE! 34. Line B touches the circle at a single point. Line A extends through the center of the circle. a. What is line B in relation to the circle? b. What is line A in relation to the circle? c. How large is the angle between lines A and B? 35. What is angle? 36. The radius of a circle is 5.5 cm. a. What is the circumference in meters? b. What is its area in square meters? 37. What is the area of the space enclosed between the plotted line on the graph and the x and y axis at the right? 38. How large is?

10 39. Calculate the area of the following shapes. 6 m 12m 22m 16m 6 m Area = Area = 12m 15m Area = Area = Calculate the following unknowns and remember to write all answers with correct units. All triangles are right triangles. 40. x = y = = 30.0 o 41. d x = d y = = 60.0 o 42. x = y = y z = z 43. x = y = z = y z

11 Name Date Period TIPERS: Tasks Inspired by Physics Education Research AP Physics 1 Part 5: Logic, Reasoning, Ranking, & Writing in Complete Sentences (TIPERS) Complete the following ranking tasks. You must write your explanations in COMPLETE SENTENCES!

Advanced Physics Summer Packet

Advanced Physics Summer Packet The science of physics was developed to help explain the physics environment around us. Many of the subjects covered in this class will help you understand the physical world