Physics 120 Physical Geology Professor Gregory C. Herman, PhD

Transcription

1 Physics 120 Physical Geology Professor Gregory C. Herman, PhD Lectures: Science Complex Rm. 117 Monday and Thursday 9:30 am -10:50 am Labs: Science Building Rm. 122 or the Computer Lab Rm. 121 Monday or Thursday 11:30 am -1:20 pm 1

2 Basic Course Information PHY120 is designed to satisfy the natural science requirement of liberal learning by helping you understand your place in the physical world. 15 Weeks, 22 lectures, and 10 labs. 3 Exams. Learning Goals Learn current and emerging aspects of basic Earth science Basic mineralogy, three principle rock types, the rock cycle, geological time, and plate tectonics. Use topographic and geological maps in Google Earth to extract project information. Develop knowledge and an appreciation about New Jersey geology and it s water resources. Relate course knowledge to issues affecting the New Jersey region. Develop historical and current awareness of geology s role in society. GCH

3 Learning Activities The course will expose students to scientific, and geosciences processes and practices. The lectures and labs will include multimedia presentations. Class room participation is encouraged Course work will require students to invest time outside the classroom on subject material and reading. Rocks will be handled, tested for material properties, and noted during labs. Laboratory work stresses the techniques used in geologic investigations, observations, and analyses. For example, mineral samples are identified based on analysis of physical properties. Laboratory work also places an emphasis on integrating scientific data based on multiple observations and measurements, and collecting and analyzing scientific data to draw conclusions. GCH

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8 TCNJ 2017 PHY120-A Grading policy and structure Class lectures attendance is kept. 22 total lectures count for 20/205 points (~10% of total). No penalty for missing 2 lectures, except the 2 bonus points for perfect attendance for the semester. Laboratory attendance is kept. Attendance and completion of work forthe 10 labs weighs heavily toward the final grade(~40% of total). The opportunity to make up a lab will only be available during the other day of the week that it s offered. For example, If you are scheduled for a Monday lab and miss it, permission must be granted to attend the Thursday lab of the same theme. If you anticipate a schedule conflict for a particular lab then ask for permission to attend the other session. If you add the class late you will be given ample opportunity to catch up with any missed lab. The final grade for the student is determined using the point system and grading scale listed to the right. Exams include 20 True/False questions and 30 multiple choice. Assignments and tests results will be presented to students the following week after their completion. Students have the opportunity at the end of the course to evaluate the instructor and course by college standardized evaluation questionnaires. Point Components Points Lecture attendance Laboratories (8 pts. Each) 80 2 interim exams (25,25) 50 Final exam 50 Term paper 5 TOTAL 205 Grading scale A = A- = B+ = B = B- = C+ = C = C- = D+ = D = F = 64 or less GCH

9 TCNJ Absence Policy Absences from class are handled between students and instructors. I can ask for substantiating documentation for the absence. Make-up opportunities can occur for student absences caused by illness, injury, death in the family, observance of religious holidays, and similarly compelling personal reasons, including physical disabilities. Cases of absence for a week or more will be reported by the student to the Office of Records and Registration. The Office will notify the instructor of the student's absence. The notification is not an excuse but simply a service provided by the Office of Records and Registration. Notifications cannot be acted upon if received after an absence. For lengthy absences, make-up opportunities might not be feasible and are at the discretion of the instructor. Students have the responsibility of notifying the instructors in advance of expected absences. In every instance, the student has the responsibility to initiate arrangements for make-up work. me. 9

10 A few last points. Please be prompt. Cheating and plagiarism are not acceptable! Cell phone useis limited to accessing PHY-120A on-line material. That is, phones can be used to follow PDFs for lectures or labs, but shouldn t be used otherwise, and should be only used in silent mode. If their use becomes distracting you may be asked to put them away. PCs are encouraged for use in lectures and labs. The too shall not be used in a manner that is distracting to those around you. 10

11 What is science? Science is the process of sensing something, somewhere, then asking yourself. What? How? Why?? When. and then systematically seeking the answers 11

12 Science(from Latin: scientiameaning "knowledge") is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge using hypotheses; testable explanations and predictions about the universe. Gaining knowledge using the scientific processrequires observation, experiment, and calculation in a series of specific steps: 1. Identify the problem 2. Collect data to form a hypothesis 3. Propose hypothesis 4. Test hypothesis 5. Alter hypothesis to answer questions 12

13 The scientific process can reveal bias The comprehensive scientific process uses a family of testable hypotheses, many of which will be refuted, for it is much more difficult to prove the truth, than to disprove the false. science is proof without faith religion is faith without proof 13

14 Theory a hypothesis that has been tested many times and has an established body of evidence for support. Scientific theories are not proven to be true, and can be disproven. 14

15 Scientific Laws -Ideas considered absolutely correct and if not, then the Universe as we know it would not exist. They are considered to be true, universal, simple, absolute, eternal. Examples: Newton s Laws of Motion Laws of thermodynamics Law of Gravity From a dictionary standpoint: Geology(from the Greek γῆ, gē, i.e. "earth" and -λoγία, -logia, i.e. "study of, discourse") is an earth science comprising the study of solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which they change. From my standpoint: Geology is the natural science that explores our observable environment and the evolution of geophysical and biological systems. 15

16 Terrestrial Geology Terrestrial planets, including Earth, mainly concerned with the planet s physical composition, structures, behavior, and history. Physics 120 provides an introductory overview of many aspects of the geological and geophysical sciences. We will explore current geological concepts, principles and processes, involving the physics and chemistry of the Earth. 16

17 The whole point of geology is to figure out what happened in the past based on the rocks from that time which are still around today. It isn t actually about the rocks. It s about the story. The rocks are just the publishing medium. And the craft of geology is learning to read the language of stones. Lounge of the Lab Lemming blog 17

18 The Earth is a very old planet Unifying Themes The Earth is a unique, evolving system Internal and external processes interact to produce what we see at and near Earth s surface Plate tectonics explains many Earth processes Geologic phenomena affect our environment Physical aspects of the Earth are linked to life processes Science comes from observation, and new discoveries are made every day from using the scientific method 18

19 HYDRAULIC FRACTURING OR FRACKING 19

20 Geology sub disciplines 20

21 32 years of geologic mapping & research to benefit the good people of New Jersey 21

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23 STRUCTURAL HETEROGENEITY AND AQUIFER ANISOTORPY Bedrock Mapping and Structural Analysis of Fractured-Bedrock Aquifers >15,000 stations from 48, 7-1/2 quads 1073 Bed-parallel fractures 2360 Non-bedding fractures 1339 Stations 23

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25 ALT & Mt. Sopris System ~ $66, m 4MX2 Winch with 1/8 single conductor cable Matrix data processor Optical Borehole Image (OBI-40) Tool Heat-Pulse Flowmeter HPFM

26 N E S W N N E S W N STRIKE DIP 26

27 COMPARION OF RG OPTV AND ALT-MT/SOPRIS OBI-40 27

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