PHOTO ESSAY: Geologic Journeys

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Laureen Norris
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1 PHOTO ESSAY: Geologic Journeys Turnagain Arm Tidal Bore Earthcache 1

KAME & KETTLE EARTHCACHE Located at Little

EarthCache requires a journey around the lake

for the lake s drainage point GC1WHTP THE

Netherlands ongoing efforts to keep the sea from

2 KAME & KETTLE EARTHCACHE Located at Little Campbell Lake on Kincaid Park s NE corner, the EarthCache requires a journey around the lake while measuring various details and searching for the lake s drainage point GC1WHTP THE NETHERLANDS AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS Explained The Netherlands ongoing efforts to keep the sea from inundating the country, including a real-time tide level exhibit 2

3 Explanatory Graphics from cache page Illustrate the processes described Visualize the landscape development Show the site across geologic time Visible at left are seashells located in the exposed eroding flank of a hillside adjacent to a sidewalk at San Pedro CA s Urban Unconformity EarthCache. The seashells are approximately 100,000 years old. The image above is a close up view of the area boxed in yellow at lower left center. 3

performing arts amphitheater in Luxembourg s

EarthCache, CA - located within Yosemite Nat

illustrate the geologic processes which have

4 GC2E4YF - HOULLAY - HOHLFELS BERDORF, LUXEMBOURG Millstone Grit Quarry turned into performing arts amphitheater in Luxembourg s Little Switzerland region Pothole Dome EarthCache, CA - located within Yosemite Nat l Park, makes good use of diagrams to illustrate the geologic processes which have helped create the landscape to be examined by the visiting geocacher. The view of Tuolumne Meadow from the cache site is another stunning feature! 4

5 GC1TFZJ FLYSCH ST. JEAN DE LUZ, FRANCE Folded and tilted schist and clastic rocks Green Sand Beach, Olivine EarthCache, Big Island, Hawaii Dry Waterfall Keyhole Canyon EC Boulder, NV Lower Menomonee Falls, Lime Kiln EC, Menomonee, MI 5

Confluence of the Shenandoah and Potomac Rivers

& Potomac Rivers, at the River Runs Through It

called this the prettiest spot in America where

6 Confluence of the Shenandoah and Potomac Rivers Geologic Map of the confluence of the Shenandoah & Potomac Rivers, at the River Runs Through It Earthcache, Harpers Ferry WV Thomas Jefferson called this the prettiest spot in America where two rivers cut through the ancient rock of the Allegheny Mountains. GC255T1 - BUSSANA VECCHIA BUSSANA, ITALY 9 th century town abandoned after 1887 earthquake 6

7 Top view of the Mississippi River from the EarthCache at Effigy Mounds Nat l Mon., Iowa Left Delicate Arch EarthCache, Arches National Park, Utah Below: Butler Wash Natural Bridge and Cliff Dwellings, SE Utah Right: Techatticup Natural Bridge Earthcache, south of Boulder, NV Below Right: Prickly Pear Cactus May bloom Moab, UT 7

8 5/28/2011 GC1CEEK - LA GOLA DELLA VIAMALA RONGELLEN, SWITZERLAND 300m deep river gorge used as trade route dating back to Roman times Details Cruziana EC page, Portugal Drawings illustrate what made tracks And how movement has been fossilized To explain what cachers will find onsite 8

Copper Ridge Dinosaur Tracks EarthCache near Moab, Utah.

the tracks had been preserved, and what dinosaurs were involved than was available

A stunning site preserving an event out of time GC1ATH8 TALLGRASS PRAIRIE CUESTAS

9 Copper Ridge Dinosaur Tracks EarthCache near Moab, Utah. The cache listing provided better information on access, what to expect to see, how the tracks had been preserved, and what dinosaurs were involved than was available from the BLM s meager information on the web. A stunning site preserving an event out of time GC1ATH8 TALLGRASS PRAIRIE CUESTAS PAWHUSKA, OKLAHOMA Five stops along an 18-mile drive through the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve featured cliffs, drainages, rolling prairie, and bison 9

10 Oxbow Meander EarthCache, Yosemite NP Meander explained on cache page Oxbow Meander Detail Yosemite National Park, California Cologne EarthCache a historic site listing, educating the cacher about what makes up the stone structure of the Cathedral and where that stone originated Cathedral West Façade view GPS and the Towers Cologne EarthCache, Germany 10

11 GC1HM11 ELGIN SANDSTONE: DEPOSITIONAL FEATURES, PAWHUSKA, OKLAHOMA 400m walk along a cuesta was a walk backwards in time with eight different depostitional/sedimentary features to identify Ancient Bonneville Lake EC. Utah Detail illustrating ancient lake levels Detail map of EarthCache Zone Cacher s photo Ancient Bonneville EC 11

12 Left: Butler Wash Overlook EarthCache, UT Center: EarthCache at Cape Hatteras, NC Right: One of Joshua Tree Nat l Pk s many earthcaches 12

4. The map below shows a meandering stream. Points A, B, C, and D represent locations along the stream bottom.

4. The map below shows a meandering stream. Points A, B, C, and D represent locations along the stream bottom. 1. Sediment is deposited as a river enters a lake because the A) velocity of the river decreases B) force of gravity decreases C) volume of water increases D) slope of the river increases 2. Which diagram