SEDIMENT MANAGEMENT IN HYDROPOWER PLANTS AN OVERVIEW
|
|
- Tamsyn Doyle
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 International Conference on Hydropower for Sustainable Development Feb 05-07, 2015, Dehradun SEDIMENT MANAGEMENT IN HYDROPOWER PLANTS AN OVERVIEW P.K. Pande, Former Professor of Civil Engineering, University of Roorkee (IIT, Roorkee), Roorkee, India INTRODUCTION Hydroelectric power plants can be either resrvoir based or run of river (RoR). While storage based projects require construction of a dam and store water in the reservoir created upstream, RoR schemes rely on the diversion of water from the river to the power house via a power channel. The diversion structure is generally a barrage or a low dam without sufficient storage. Both types of schemes, however present problems of sediment management, though differing in nature. Thus while storage projects have the problem of sediment deposition in the reservoir, RoR schemes have to ensure appropriate measures for sediment extraction. This paper reviews in brief the problems of both the types and the mitigation measures. RESERVOIR BASED SCHEMES Reservoir Sedimentation Reservoir based schemes present sediment problems of various types. These problems affect both the upstream and downstream of the reservoirs. On the upstream side deposition of sediment results in delta deposition causing aggradation, reduction of reservoir capacity and consequent loss of energy besides affecting navigation as well as ecological changes. The downstream impacts include change in stream morphology, altered nutrient dynamics and temperature changes. The relatively clear water flowing out of the dam causes degradation and armouring on the downstream which at times can make it unsuitable as ecological habitat or spawning grounds. Loss of Capacity One of the major problems is the deposition of sediment in the reservoir and consequent loss of storage capacity. It is estimated that approximately 1% of the storage volume of the world s reservoirs are lost annually due to sediment deposition (Mahmood, 1987 and Yoon, 1992). The estimated rates of reservoir sedimentation are summarised in Table1 (adapted from Shen 2010). 85
2 ICHPSD-2015 Table 1: Reduction in Storage Volume of Reservoirs Location Percent sedimentation rate (annual) India 0.5% China 2.3% U.S.A. 0.22% Turkey 1.2% Morocco 0.7% Tunisia 2.3% World 1% A preliminary estimate of the progressive reduction of the storage capacity of a reservoir can be made if the annual sediment yield from the catchment and the trap efficiency of the reservoir are known. There are many equations developed for estimation of the sediment yield from a catchment based on regression analysis. These include the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) developed by the USDA Agriculture Research Station and the Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE). The USLE groups the numerous interrelated physical and management parameters that influence the erosion rate under six major factors, of which site specific values can be expressed numerically. The USLE is represented as: A = R*K*L*S*C*P where, A = Average annual soil loss in tons per ha per year; R = rainfall erosivity factor; K = soil erodibility factor; LS = slope length and slope steepness factor; C = cover management factor; and P = support practice factor. For Indian catchments a model developed by Garde and Kothiyari (1986) based on data from 50 catchments, that includes the physiographic factors such as slope, drainage density, soils, land use and climatic factor i.e. rainfall could be used. The model is given by Y = 0.2 F e 1.7 S D d 0.10 (P max /P) 0.9 P a m where, Y is annual sediment yield in cm, D d is the drainage density, S is the land slope, P a is annual rainfall in cm, P max is average maximum monthly rainfall in cm and F e is erosion factor defined as F e = (1/ A i ) (0.8A A +0.6A G + 0.3A F + 0.1A W ) where, A A, A G, A F and A W are the arable, grass and scrub, protected forest and waste areas respectively in km 2 and A i is an arbitrary coefficient. 86
3 International Conference on Hydropower for Sustainable Development Feb 05-07, 2015, Dehradun The trap efficiency can also be determined from many relationships available for this purpose. One of the simplest relationships is that developed by Brune (1953) who related the trap efficiency (T e ) to the ratio of the storage capacity (V) and the annual water inflow volume (I). The results are presented in the figure below: Fig 1: Relationship between T e and V/I A combination of the sediment yield and trap efficiency equations can then be used to get the reduction in storage capacity. Deposition Pattern The coarsest material entering a reservoir deposits early and forms what is generally known as the delta deposits. The finer material travels further downstream into the reservoir and deposits closer to the dam. This is shown in Figure 2. The basic characteristics of reservoir deltas are (Fan and Morris 1992) There is an abrupt change between the slope of topset and foreset deposits. Sediment particles on the topset bed are coarser than on the foreset bed, and there is an abrupt change in particle diameter between topset and foreset deposits. The elevation of the transition zone from the topset to the foreset bed depends on the reservoir operating rule and pool elevation. 87
4 ICHPSD-2015 Fig. 2: Typical Deposition Pattern in a Reservoir The delta profile varies with time as is clear from Fig.3, which shows the profiles for the Bhakra dam for the years 1971, 1980 and Fig. 3: Timewise Delta Profile for Bhakra Dam (source: Morris 1998) Mitigation Measures The strategies to deal with reservoir sedimentation essentially fall under three categories as discussed below: 1. Reduction of Sediment Yield Reduction in sediment yield can be achieved either by erosion control or by trapping eroded sediment before it reaches the reservoir. This may include catchment treatment by vegetative measures, gulley control and structural and other measures such as sediment traps and check dams etc. 2. Sediment Routing The sediment load in a stream varies both temporally and also within the cross section, the sediment routing methods seek to manipulate sediment laden flows through or around the reservoir. These methods include sediment pass through by partial reservoir drawdown or venting density currents or sediment bye pass. An 88
5 International Conference on Hydropower for Sustainable Development Feb 05-07, 2015, Dehradun example of the partial Drawdown strategy for sediment routing is the Three Gorges Project in China (Lin et.al. 1989). Fig. 4: Sediment Routing Strategies (after Morris 1998) 3. Reservoir Flushing Flushing involves opening a dam s bottom outlets and allowing the accumulated sediment to be re-suspended and flushed out. The flushing can be done without allowing the pool level in the reservoir to drop down significantly called partial drawdown flushing or full drawdown flushing in which the reservoir pool level is allowed to be completely drawn down. While full drawdown flushing is more effective, it has certain other problems associated with it besides consuming a lot of water. The figure below shows both the flushing options. Fig. 5: Partial (left) and Full (right) Drawdown Flushing (Wang and Hu 2009) The environmental impacts of flushing may include fish gill clogging, changes in riverine habitats, increased temperature, reduced dissolved oxygen etc. and need to be considered while planning flushing. (Baran et.al.2011) Some case studies for sediment routing and flushing have been described in detail by Morris et.al RUN OF RIVER SCHEMES In run of river schemes, water is diverted to a channel for conveying it to the power house. The diversion structure is normally a barrage or a low dam without much storage and the sediment accumulated upstream is easily flushed down. Further, a considerable amount of sediment both suspended and bed load finds its way into the diversion channel. Two issues need consideration as far as sediment management in such schemes is concerned viz. (i) the design of the diversion channel so as to be able carry the sediment entering the same without deposition and (ii) extracting the sediment above a particular size before the water is led to the turbines. 89
6 ICHPSD-2015 It is generally accepted that sediment coarser than 0.2mm may harm the turbine blades and therefore needs to be extracted from power channels. Further, sediment extraction may also be required if the sediment load entering the power channel is more than its carrying capacity. Two devices are commonly used for sediment extraction in situations where a significant amount of suspended sediment needs to be extracted. These are vortex chamber sediment extractors and settling basins. A brief description of these follows. Vortex Chamber Extractors This type of extractor consists of a cylindrical chamber with an orifice at the centre of its bottom. Water is led tangentially into the chamber at high velocity giving rise to a Rankine Combined Vortex type of flow with a forced vortex at the periphery and a free vortex forming near the orifice. The sediment particles tend to settle at the bottom and move towards the orifice and can be flushed out through the orifice into a channel or pipe. This type of extractor has been analysed in detail by many investigators including Cecen and Bayazit (1975), Mashauri (1986) and Athar et.al. (2002). The use of this device is however limited to small schemes only as for efficient extraction, the chamber diameter required is about five times the inflow channel width. Fig. 6: Vortex Chamber Extractor 90
7 International Conference on Hydropower for Sustainable Development Feb 05-07, 2015, Dehradun Settling Basins The settling basins work on the principle of reducing the velocity of flow within the basin and ensuring that sediments above a certain size settle on the floor of the basin. The reduction in velocity is brought about by increasing the width and depth, while the length is provided to ensure desired efficiency of removal of sediment of the smallest size to be removed. A schematic of a settling basin is shown in Fig.7. The sediment thus settled on the floor may be removed by continuous flushing or removed periodically by flushing or mechanical means. Design Considerations Fig. 7: Schematic of a Settling Basin The design of a settling basin involves determination of a combination of width, depth and length of the basin for desired removal efficiency of sediment above a given size. There are many empirical and semi empirical procedures available for determining the efficiency of removal (Dobbins 1944, Camp 1946, Sumer 1977). An analysis for determining the accuracy of the different relationships based on the data available was made by Dongre (2002), who proposed the following relation for the efficiency a settling basin without flushing, which could predict the efficiency with a maximum error within 25%: ɳ = {1-exp (-0.3(A b /A a ))}{1-exp (-0.1(L/D))}{1-exp (-0.42(ω/u * ))} 91
8 ICHPSD-2015 where ɳ is the efficiency, A b and A a the cross sectional areas of the basin and approach channel respectively, L is the basin length, D the basin depth ω the fall velocity of the given size of particle and u * is the shear velocity. The effect of flushing on the efficiency was examined by Rangaraju et.al. (1999), who proposed ɳ f /ɳ = Q f {ω/u * } where ɳ f is the efficiency with flushing and Q f is the flushing discharge expressed as a percentage of the discharge entering the basin. It is worth mentioning that continuous flushing uses about 15 to 20% of the channel discharge and thus the channel upto the settling basin has to be designed to carry more than the discharge required at the turbine. Certain innovative technologies for sediment sluicing in settling basins have also been proposed. These include the Serpent Sediment Sluicing System (S4) and the Slotted Pipe Sediment Sluicers (SPSSs) which have been used in hydropower plants in Nepal (Shreshta) successfully. The sediment flushed from settling basins finds its way into the river. Since the river discharge is likely to be low, part of it may get deposited at the outfall and have an effect albeit temporary on the river morphology. The impact is temporary because the sediment thus deposited will be washed away during floods. EROSION OF TURBINE COMPONENTS The erosion of turbine components depends not only of the size of sediment entering the turbine but also on the shape and composition of the sediment particles. Sediment which has a large proportion particles having a hardness of more than 5 in the Mohs scale are considered to be more harmful. Thus quartz, which has a hardness of 7, can cause considerable erosion of turbine components. According to Shrestha, the data from Nepal shows that the sediment in many Himalayan rivers has quartz content ranging from about 40% to 70%. The shape of the sediment particles also has an effect on the erosion. While rounded particles will cause less erosion, the erosion will be more if the particles have sharp edges as is likely to be the case in the higher reaches of a river. Other factors which are likely to affect the erosion of turbine components are the chemical composition of water, the material hardness and elasticity of the turbine components and the angle of impingement of the sediment particles. 92
9 International Conference on Hydropower for Sustainable Development Feb 05-07, 2015, Dehradun CONCLUSIONS Hydroelectric projects both dam based and RoR give rise to problems of sediment management, though of different types. A review of the problems in both and the mitigation measures has been carried out. Issues to be considered in reservoir flushing as well as in settling basin design have been discussed in brief. REFERENCES 1. Athar, M., Kothyari, U.C. and Garde, R J. (2002). Sediment Removal Efficiency of Vortex Chamber Type Sediment Extractor, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, 128(12), Atkinson E. (1996). The Feasibility of Flushing Sediment From Reservoirs. HR Wallinford Group Limited, Oxon, UK. 21 pp. 3. Baran Eric and Nasielski Joshua.(2011), Reservoir Sediment Flushing and Fish Resources, World Fish Centre. 4. Brune, G.M. (1953). Trap Efficiency of Reservoirs, Trans. AGU. 14(3). 5. Camp, T. R. (1946). Sedimentation and the Design of Settling Tanks. Trans. ASCE, Cecen, K. and Bayazit, M. (1975). Some Laboratory Studies of Sediment Controlling Structures, 9th Congress of ICID, Moscow, pp Dobbins, W. E. (1944). Effect of Turbulence on Sedimentation. Trans. ASCE, 109, Dongre, N. B. (2002). Settling Basin Design, M. Tech. Thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India. 9. Fan, J., and Morris, G. L., 1992,"Reservoir Sedimentation. I: Delta and Density Current Deposits," J. Hydraulic Engineering ASCE, 118 (3): Garde, R.J. and Kothyari, U.C. (1986). Erosion in Indian Catchments, 3rd Int. Symposium on River Sedimentation, Jackson (Miss), U.S.A. 11. Lin, B., Dou, G., Xie, J., Dai, D., Chen, J., Tang, R., Zhang, R., "On Some Key Sedimentation Problems of Three Gorges Project (TGP)," Intl. J. Sediment Research, 4 (1): Mahmood, K., (1987), Reservoir Sedimentation Impact, Extent and Mitigation, World Bank Technical Paper No Mashauri, D.A. (1986). Modelling of Vortex Settling Basin for Primary Clarification Of Water, Ph.D. Thesis, Tamperi University of Technology, Finland, 217 pp. 14. Morris, Gregory L. and Fan, Jiahua. (1998). Reservoir Sedimentation Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York. 15. Ranga Raju, K.G., Kothyari, U.C., Srivastav, S. and Saxena, M. (1999). Sediment Removal Efficiency of Settling Basins, Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ASCE, 125(5), pp Shen, H.W. (1999) Flushing Sediment through Reservoirs, Journal of Hydraulic Research, 37: 6, Online publication
10 ICHPSD Shrestha, K., Sediment Problems in ROR Hydropower Project. Upload.Wkimedia.org. 18. Sumer, M. S. (1977). Settlement of Solid Particles in Open Channel Flow. J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 103(11), Walling, D.E. (1994). Erosion and Sediment in a Changing Environment. Proc. of the International Symposium, East-West, North-South Encounter on the State-of-the art in River Engineering Methods and Design Philosophies, St. Petersburg, Russia. 20. Wang Z., Hu C. (2009). Strategies for Managing Reservoir Sedimentation. International Journal of Sediment Research. 24; Yoon, Y., N.,(1992), "The State and the Perspective of the Direct Sediment Removal Methods from Reservoirs." International Journal of Sediment Research, Vol.7, No.2. 94
GTU. Shantilal Shah Engineering College, Bhavnagar
GTU Shantilal Shah Engineering College, Bhavnagar 2 Around 40,000 large reservoirs worldwide used for water supply, power generation, flood control etc. About 1 % of the total storage volume is lost annually
More informationSediment Extraction and Flow Structure of Vortex Settling Basin
Sediment Extraction and Flow Structure of Vortex Settling Basin J. Chapokpour 1, J. Farhoudi 2 1- Post Graduate Student, Hyd. Structures, Dept. of Irrigation Eng., Faculty of agricultural technology and
More informationStrategies for managing sediment in dams. Iwona Conlan Consultant to IKMP, MRCS
Strategies for managing sediment in dams Iwona Conlan Consultant to IKMP, MRCS 1 Sediment trapping by dams Active storage capacity Dead storage coarse material (bed load) Fine materials (suspension) Francis
More informationTarbela Dam in Pakistan. Case study of reservoir sedimentation
Tarbela Dam in Pakistan. HR Wallingford, Wallingford, UK Published in the proceedings of River Flow 2012, 5-7 September 2012 Abstract Reservoir sedimentation is a main concern in the Tarbela reservoir
More informationFRESH SURFACE WATER Vol. III - Sedimentation of Rivers, Reservoirs and Canals - K.G. Ranga Raju SEDIMENTATION OF RIVERS, RESERVOIRS AND CANALS
SEDIMENTATION OF RIVERS, RESERVOIRS AND CANALS K.G. Ranga Raju Professor of Civil Engineering, University of Roorkee, Roorkee, India Keywords: Alluvial streams, canals, reservoirs, sediment load, sediment
More informationSession: For more information:
Session: For more information: www.hydropower.org/congress San Juan, Puerto Rico www.glmengineers.com 2015 World Hydropower Congress Sustainable Sediment Management and Hydropower Reservoirs 21 May 2015
More informationSPECIFIC DEGRADATION AND RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION. By Renee Vandermause & Chun-Yao Yang
SPECIFIC DEGRADATION AND RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION By Renee Vandermause & Chun-Yao Yang Outline Sediment Degradation - Erosion vs Sediment Yield - Sediment Yield - Methods for estimation - Defining Sediment
More informationCASE STUDY NATHPA JHAKRI, INDIA
SEDIMENT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDY NATHPA JHAKRI, INDIA Key project features Name: Nathpa Jhakri Country: India Category: reduce sediment production (watershed management); upstream sediment trapping; bypass
More informationCASE STUDY SOLIS, SWITZERLAND
SEDIMENT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDY SOLIS, SWITZERLAND Key project features Name: Solis Country: Switzerland Category: bypass channel/tunnel Reservoir volume (original): 4.1 Mm 3 Installed capacity: 64 MW Date
More informationCASE STUDY NATHPA JHAKRI, INDIA
SEDIMENT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDY NATHPA JHAKRI, INDIA Key project features Name: Nathpa Jhakri Country: India Category: reforestation/revegetation; upstream sediment trapping; bypass channel/tunnel; reservoir
More informationSCOPE OF PRESENTATION STREAM DYNAMICS, CHANNEL RESTORATION PLANS, & SEDIMENT TRANSPORT ANALYSES IN RELATION TO RESTORATION PLANS
DESIGN METHODS B: SEDIMENT TRANSPORT PROCESSES FOR STREAM RESTORATION DESIGN PETER KLINGEMAN OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPT., CORVALLIS 2 ND ANNUAL NORTHWEST STREAM RESTORATION DESIGN SYMPOSIUM
More informationInvestigation on Dynamics of Sediment and Water Flow in a Sand Trap
Investigation on Dynamics of Sediment and Water Flow in a Sand Trap M. R. Mustafa Department of Civil Engineering Universiti Teknologi Petronas 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia R. B. Rezaur Water Resources
More informationTechnical Review of Pak Beng Hydropower Project (1) Hydrology & Hydraulics and (2) Sediment Transport & River Morphology
Technical Review of Pak Beng Hydropower Project (1) Hydrology & Hydraulics and (2) Sediment Transport & River Morphology The 2 nd Regional Stakeholder Forum The Pak Beng Hydropower Project 5 th May 2017
More informationStudy of the rate of sediment trapping and water loss in the vortex tube structure at different placement angles
Journal of Scientific Research and Development 2 (5): 4-1, 2015 Available online at www.jsrad.org ISSN 1115-5 2015 JSRAD Study of the rate of sediment trapping and water loss in the vortex tube structure
More informationEvaluation of Sediment Transport Function using Different Fall Velocity Equations
GRD Journals Global Research and Development Journal for Engineering Recent Advances in Civil Engineering for Global Sustainability March 2016 e-issn: 2455-5703 Evaluation of Sediment Transport Function
More informationMekong Sediment from the Mekong River Commission Study
Short Technical Note Mekong Sediment from the Mekong River Commission Study Summary The Mekong River flows through China, Myanmar, Lao PDR, Thailand, Cambodia and Viet Nam. The assessment of various water
More informationStreams. Stream Water Flow
CHAPTER 14 OUTLINE Streams: Transport to the Oceans Does not contain complete lecture notes. To be used to help organize lecture notes and home/test studies. Streams Streams are the major geological agents
More informationNumerical modeling of sediment flushing from Lewis and Clark Lake
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln US Army Research U.S. Department of Defense 2013 Numerical modeling of sediment flushing from Lewis and Clark Lake Jungkyu
More informationMATHEMATICAL MODELING OF FLUVIAL SEDIMENT DELIVERY, NEKA RIVER, IRAN. S.E. Kermani H. Golmaee M.Z. Ahmadi
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYDROLOGY The Electronic Journal of the International Association for Environmental Hydrology On the World Wide Web at http://www.hydroweb.com VOLUME 16 2008 MATHEMATICAL MODELING
More informationCase Study: Delayed Sedimentation Response to Inflow and Operations at Sanmenxia Dam
Case Study: Delayed Sedimentation Response to Inflow and Operations at Sanmenxia Dam Baosheng Wu, M.ASCE 1 ; Guangqian Wang 2 ; and Junqiang Xia 3 Abstract: This paper presents a study on the reservoir
More informationThe SedAlp Project: WP6: INTERACTION WITH STRUCTURES
The SedAlp Project: WP6: INTERACTION WITH STRUCTURES 6 th International conference Water in the Alps Herrenchiemsee, 12 th of October, 2016 Jošt Sodnik Contents Structure of SedAlp project (www.sedalp.eu)
More informationRecent changes of suspended sediment yields in the Upper Yangtze River and its headwater tributaries
Sediment Dynamics from the Summit to the Sea 297 (Proceedings of a symposium held in New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, 11 14 December 2014) (IAHS Publ. 367, 2014). Recent changes of suspended sediment yields
More informationState Water Survey Division SURFACE WATER SECTION
State Water Survey Division SURFACE WATER SECTION AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS Illinois Department of Energy and Natural Resources SWS Miscellaneous Publication 88 SEDIMENTATION OF POOL 19 ON THE MISSISSIPPI
More informationAssessment of Lake Forest Lake Sediment Trapping Efficiency and Capacity. Marlon R. Cook Groundwater Assessment Program Geological Survey of Alabama
Assessment of Lake Forest Lake Sediment Trapping Efficiency and Capacity Marlon R. Cook Groundwater Assessment Program Geological Survey of Alabama Impacts of the Lake at Lake Forest on the connectivity
More informationB-1. Attachment B-1. Evaluation of AdH Model Simplifications in Conowingo Reservoir Sediment Transport Modeling
Attachment B-1 Evaluation of AdH Model Simplifications in Conowingo Reservoir Sediment Transport Modeling 1 October 2012 Lower Susquehanna River Watershed Assessment Evaluation of AdH Model Simplifications
More informationRESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION MANAGEMENT WITH BYPASS TUNNELS IN JAPAN. Keywords: Reservoir sedimentation, Sediment bypass, Diversion tunnel, Abrasion damage
Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on River Sedimentation October 18 21, 2004, Yichang, China RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION MANAGEMENT WITH BYPASS TUNNELS IN JAPAN Tetsuya SUMI Graduate School
More informationSedimentation in the Nile River
Advanced Training Workshop on Reservoir Sedimentation Sedimentation in the Nile River Prof. Dr. Abdalla Abdelsalam Ahmed 10-16 Oct. 2007, IRTCES, Beijing, China CWR,Sudan 1 Water is essential for mankind
More informationENGINEERING HYDROLOGY
ENGINEERING HYDROLOGY Prof. Rajesh Bhagat Asst. Professor Civil Engineering Department Yeshwantrao Chavan College Of Engineering Nagpur B. E. (Civil Engg.) M. Tech. (Enviro. Engg.) GCOE, Amravati VNIT,
More informationStream Restoration and Environmental River Mechanics. Objectives. Pierre Y. Julien. 1. Peligre Dam in Haiti (deforestation)
Stream Restoration and Environmental River Mechanics Pierre Y. Julien Malaysia 2004 Objectives Brief overview of environmental river mechanics and stream restoration: 1. Typical problems in environmental
More informationPrediction of Sediment Deposition in Reservoir Using Analytical Method
American Journal of Civil Engineering 06; 4(6): 90-97 http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ajce doi: 0.648/j.ajce.060406.4 ISSN: 330-879 (Print); ISSN: 330-8737 (Online) Prediction of Sediment Deposition
More informationThe effectiveness of check dams in controlling upstream channel stability in northeastern Taiwan
Erosion, Debris Mows and Environment in Mountain Regions (Proceedings of the Chengdu Symposium, July 1992). IAHS Publ. no. 209, 1992. 423 The effectiveness of check dams in controlling upstream channel
More informationINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY A PATH FOR HORIZING YOUR INNOVATIVE WORK ASSESSMENT OF RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION IN PANSHET RESERVOIR BY HYBRID METHOD N.
More informationTechnical Memorandum No Sediment Model
Pajaro River Watershed Study in association with Technical Memorandum No. 1.2.9 Sediment Model Task: Development of Sediment Model To: PRWFPA Staff Working Group Prepared by: Gregory Morris and Elsie Parrilla
More informationHow to predict the sedimentological impacts of reservoir operations?
ICSE 212 How to predict the sedimentological impacts of reservoir operations? E. Valette EDF CIH eric.valette@edf.fr M. Jodeau EDF R&D LNHE magali.jodeau@edf.fr Presentation of the numerical code Courlis
More informationHydraulics Prof. Dr. Arup Kumar Sarma Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati
Hydraulics Prof. Dr. Arup Kumar Sarma Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati Module No. # 04 Gradually Varied Flow Lecture No. # 07 Rapidly Varied Flow: Hydraulic Jump
More informationmountain rivers fixed channel boundaries (bedrock banks and bed) high transport capacity low storage input output
mountain rivers fixed channel boundaries (bedrock banks and bed) high transport capacity low storage input output strong interaction between streams & hillslopes Sediment Budgets for Mountain Rivers Little
More information7.3 Sediment Delivery Analysis
7.3 Sediment Delivery Analysis In order to evaluate potential changes in sedimentation patterns that could occur due to impacts from the FCP and LPP alignments, sediment assessment models were constructed
More informationDams, sediment, and channel changes and why you should care
Dams, sediment, and channel changes and why you should care Gordon E. Grant USDA Forest Service PNW Research Station Corvallis, Oregon Dam effects on river regimes FLOW (Q) SEDIMENT (Qs) TEMP CHEMISTRY
More informationHYDRAULIC STRUCTURES, EQUIPMENT AND WATER DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS - Vol. I - Hydraulics of Two-Phase Flow: Water and Sediment - G R Basson
HYDRAULICS OF TWO-PHASE FLOWS: WATER AND SEDIMENT G R Basson Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa. Keywords: sediment, sediment transport, turbulence, river regime, stream
More informationRiver Response. Sediment Water Wood. Confinement. Bank material. Channel morphology. Valley slope. Riparian vegetation.
River Response River Response Sediment Water Wood Confinement Valley slope Channel morphology Bank material Flow obstructions Riparian vegetation climate catchment vegetation hydrological regime channel
More informationRecent Changes of Suspended Sediment Yields in the Upper Yangtze River and Its Headwater Tributaries
Modern Environmental Science and Engineering (ISSN 2333-2581) July 2015, Volume 1, No. 2, pp. 64-71 Doi: 10.15341/mese(2333-2581)/02.01.2015/002 Academic Star Publishing Company, 2015 www.academicstar.us
More informationStream Geomorphology. Leslie A. Morrissey UVM July 25, 2012
Stream Geomorphology Leslie A. Morrissey UVM July 25, 2012 What Functions do Healthy Streams Provide? Flood mitigation Water supply Water quality Sediment storage and transport Habitat Recreation Transportation
More informationThe River Restoration Centre therrc.co.uk. Understanding Fluvial Processes: supporting River Restoration. Dr Jenny Mant
The River Restoration Centre therrc.co.uk Understanding Fluvial Processes: supporting River Restoration Dr Jenny Mant Jenny@therrc.co.uk Understanding your catchment Hydrology Energy associated with the
More informationSummary. Streams and Drainage Systems
Streams and Drainage Systems Summary Streams are part of the hydrologic cycle and the chief means by which water returns from the land to the sea. They help shape the Earth s surface and transport sediment
More informationSuspended sediment yields of rivers in Turkey
Erosion and Sediment Yield: Global and Regional Perspectives (Proceedings of the Exeter Symposium, July 1996). IAHS Publ. no. 236, 1996. 65 Suspended sediment yields of rivers in Turkey FAZLI OZTURK Department
More informationEfficiency Simulation and Design of Settling Basin
Efficiency Simulation and Design of Settling Basin Keh-Cbia Yeb 1 and En-Tian Lin Z 1 Professor, Department ofcivil Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu.. Taiwan 30010. Telephone: +886-3-5712121
More informationSediment yield estimation from a hydrographic survey: A case study for the Kremasta reservoir, Western Greece
Sediment yield estimation from a hydrographic survey: A case study for the Kremasta reservoir, Western Greece 5 th International Conference Water Resources Management in the Era of Transition,, Athens,
More informationMorphological Changes of Reach Two of the Nile River
ICHE 2014, Hamburg - Lehfeldt & Kopmann (eds) - 2014 Bundesanstalt für Wasserbau ISBN 978-3-939230-32-8 Morphological Changes of Reach Two of the Nile River E. Said Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency,
More informationSedimentation problems and management strategies of Sanmenxia Reservoir, Yellow River, China
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL. 41,, doi:10.1029/2004wr003919, 2005 Sedimentation problems and management strategies of Sanmenxia Reservoir, Yellow River, China Guangqian Wang, Baosheng Wu, and Zhao-Yin
More informationLicca Liber - the free Lech
Licca Liber - the free Lech Source: W. Schilling WWA Donauwörth The river Lech an overview Hydrography / Hydrology catchment area 4000 km² Length 256 km Delta H 1100 m Slope Ø 0,4 % discharge in Augsburg
More informationHow Do Human Impacts and Geomorphological Responses Vary with Spatial Scale in the Streams and Rivers of the Illinois Basin?
How Do Human Impacts and Geomorphological Responses Vary with Spatial Scale in the Streams and Rivers of the Illinois Basin? Bruce Rhoads Department of Geography University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
More informationA distributed runoff model for flood prediction in ungauged basins
Predictions in Ungauged Basins: PUB Kick-off (Proceedings of the PUB Kick-off meeting held in Brasilia, 2 22 November 22). IAHS Publ. 39, 27. 267 A distributed runoff model for flood prediction in ungauged
More informationChapter 11. Rivers: Shaping our landscape
Chapter 11 Rivers: Shaping our landscape Learning outcomes In this presentation you will learn: Common terms associated with rivers About the three stages of a river About the processes of river erosion
More informationRunning Water Earth - Chapter 16 Stan Hatfield Southwestern Illinois College
Running Water Earth - Chapter 16 Stan Hatfield Southwestern Illinois College Hydrologic Cycle The hydrologic cycle is a summary of the circulation of Earth s water supply. Processes involved in the hydrologic
More informationSECTION G SEDIMENT BUDGET
SECTION G SEDIMENT BUDGET INTRODUCTION A sediment budget has been constructed for the for the time period 1952-2000. The purpose of the sediment budget is to determine the relative importance of different
More informationTechnical Memorandum No
Pajaro River Watershed Study in association with Technical Memorandum No. 1.2.10 Task: Evaluation of Four Watershed Conditions - Sediment To: PRWFPA Staff Working Group Prepared by: Gregory Morris and
More informationExperimental study of hydraulic-sediment properties on deltaic sedimentation in reservoirs
International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences. Vol., 3 (4), 810-816, 2012 Available online at http://www. irjabs.com ISSN 2251-838X 2012 Experimental study of hydraulic-sediment properties
More informationApplication of SWAT Model to Estimate the Runoff and Sediment Load from the Right Bank Valleys of Mosul Dam Reservoir
Application of SWAT Model to Estimate the Runoff and Sediment Load from the Right Bank Valleys of Mosul Dam Reservoir Dr Mohammad Ezeel Deen Prof. Nadhir Al-Ansari Prof Sven Knutsson Figure 1.Map of Iraq
More informationES 105 Surface Processes I. Hydrologic cycle A. Distribution % in oceans 2. >3% surface water a. +99% surface water in glaciers b.
ES 105 Surface Processes I. Hydrologic cycle A. Distribution 1. +97% in oceans 2. >3% surface water a. +99% surface water in glaciers b. >1/3% liquid, fresh water in streams and lakes~1/10,000 of water
More informationSUSTAINABLE SEDIMENT MANAGEMENT
SUSTAINABLE SEDIMENT MANAGEMENT Shaping our world A company of OUR EXPERTISE Sediments can make or break a Project Numerous examples of dams and reservoirs can be found throughout the world whose live
More informationNational Hydrology committee of Afghanistan (NHCA) Sedimentation in Reservoire
National Hydrology committee of Afghanistan (NHCA) Sedimentation in Reservoire OCt.2007 Prof. Mohammad Qasem Seddeqy KPU بسم االله الرحمن الرحيم وجعلنامن الماءکل شي ء حی 30 واز ا ب هر چيزی رازنده گردانيدیم
More informationEXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF INCIPIENT MOTION CONDITION FOR NON-UNIFORM SEDIMENT
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 8, Issue 6, June 2017, pp. 218 224, Article ID: IJCIET_08_06_025 Available online at http://www.ia aeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtyp
More information6.1 Water. The Water Cycle
6.1 Water The Water Cycle Water constantly moves among the oceans, the atmosphere, the solid Earth, and the biosphere. This unending circulation of Earth s water supply is the water cycle. The Water Cycle
More informationSEDICON SLUICERS AS EFFECTIVE MEHOD OF SEDIMENT REMOVAL FROM DESILTING TANKS AND CHAMBERS
SEDICON SLUICERS AS EFFECTIVE MEHOD OF SEDIMENT REMOVAL FROM DESILTING TANKS AND CHAMBERS Dr. Tom Jacobsen Technical Director SediCon AS, Norway Mr. P.K. Sood Founding Director & Head of Operations INTRODUCTION
More informationDo you think sediment transport is a concern?
STREAM RESTORATION FRAMEWORK AND SEDIMENT TRANSPORT BASICS Pete Klingeman 1 What is Your Restoration Project Like? k? Do you think sediment transport is a concern? East Fork Lewis River, WA Tidal creek,
More informationPrentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE
Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Tarbuck Lutgens Running Water and Groundwater Running Water The Water Cycle Water constantly moves among the oceans, the atmosphere, the solid Earth, and the biosphere. This
More informationUpgrading Feasibility Study on the Upper Seti Storage Hydroelectric Project in Nepal
6.5 Evaporation Evaporation is measured at No. 815 meteorological station, EL. 5 m, in the Seti River basin. The average monthly evaporation from 1977 to 1997 is as shown in Table 6.5-1. Table 6.5-1 Average
More informationFrom micro to macro scale the impact on the sediment discharge after construction of the Three Gorges Dam on Yangtze River (Changjiang)
From micro to macro scale the impact on the sediment discharge after construction of the Three Gorges Dam on Yangtze River (Changjiang) Aleksandra Dewiszek 9th International SedNet conference Solving societal
More informationCASE STUDY BINGA, PHILIPPINES
SEDIMENT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDY BINGA, PHILIPPINES Key project features Name: Binga Country: Philippines Category: modify operating rule (focus or redistribute sediment); adaptive strategies Reservoir volume
More informationCASE STUDY BINGA, PHILIPPINES
SEDIMENT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDY BINGA, PHILIPPINES Key project features Name: Binga Country: Philippines Category: modify operating rule (focus or redistribute sediment); adaptive strategies Binga hydropower
More informationBlack Gore Creek 2013 Sediment Source Monitoring and TMDL Sediment Budget
Black Gore Creek 2013 Sediment Source Monitoring and TMDL Sediment Budget Prepared for: Prepared By: - I. Introduction The Black Gore Creek Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) was developed in collaboration
More informationErosion Surface Water. moving, transporting, and depositing sediment.
+ Erosion Surface Water moving, transporting, and depositing sediment. + Surface Water 2 Water from rainfall can hit Earth s surface and do a number of things: Slowly soak into the ground: Infiltration
More informationSubject Name: SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION ENGINEERING 3(2+1) COURSE OUTLINE
Subject Name: SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION ENGINEERING 3(2+1) COURSE OUTLINE (Name of Course Developer: Prof. Ashok Mishra, AgFE Department, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721 302) Module 1: Introduction and
More informationStone Outlet Sediment Trap
3.12 Sediment Control Description: A stone outlet sediment trap is a small detention area formed by placing a stone embankment with an integral stone filter outlet across a drainage swale for the purpose
More informationAn investigation on the impacts of density currents on the sedimentation in dam reservoirs using TCM model; case study: Maroon dam
University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences 2013 An investigation on the impacts of density
More informationDETERMINATION OF DETENTION POND SEDIMENT LOADS USING MONTE CARLO SIMULATION, MALAYSIA
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYDROLOGY The Electronic Journal of the International Association for Environmental Hydrology On the World Wide Web at http://www.hydroweb.com VOLUME 19 2011 DETERMINATION OF DETENTION
More informationWatershed concepts for community environmental planning
Purpose and Objectives Watershed concepts for community environmental planning Dale Bruns, Wilkes University USDA Rural GIS Consortium May 2007 Provide background on basic concepts in watershed, stream,
More informationSurface Water Short Study Guide
Name: Class: Date: Surface Water Short Study Guide Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The three ways in which a stream carries
More informationPrediction of landslide-induced debris flow hydrograph: the Atsumari debris flow disaster in Japan
Monitoring, Simulation, Prevention and Remediation of Dense and Debris Flows 27 Prediction of landslide-induced debris flow hydrograph: the Atsumari debris flow disaster in Japan H. Takaoka 1, H. Hashimoto
More informationGEOL 1121 Earth Processes and Environments
GEOL 1121 Earth Processes and Environments Wondwosen Seyoum Department of Geology University of Georgia e-mail: seyoum@uga.edu G/G Bldg., Rm. No. 122 Seyoum, 2015 Chapter 6 Streams and Flooding Seyoum,
More informationThe effect of different gate opening patterns on reservoir flushing and morphological changes downstream a dam
The effect of different gate opening patterns on reservoir flushing and morphological changes downstream a dam Amgad Y. A. Omer Ymkje Huismans Kees Sloff Yuichi Kitamura Deltares Deltares Deltares & TU
More informationReservoir Sustainability Planning and Management
Reservoir Sustainability Planning and Management Sean Kimbrel, M.S., P.E. Kent Collins, B.S., P.E. Tim Randle, Ph.D., P.E., D.WRE. Hydraulic Engineers Outline Background General Process Summary Initial
More informationTechnical Memorandum
2855 Telegraph Avenue, Suite 4, Berkeley, CA 9475, Phone (51) 848-898, Fax (51) 848-8398 Technical Memorandum Date: September 6, 27 To: Mr. Michael Bowen, Project Manager From: Yantao Cui, Ph.D., Hydraulic
More information11/12/2014. Running Water. Introduction. Water on Earth. The Hydrologic Cycle. Fluid Flow
Introduction Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars share a similar history, but Earth is the only terrestrial planet with abundant water! Mercury is too small and hot Venus has a runaway green house effect so
More informationINFLOW DESIGN FLOOD CONTROL SYSTEM PLAN 40 C.F.R. PART PLANT YATES ASH POND 2 (AP-2) GEORGIA POWER COMPANY
INFLOW DESIGN FLOOD CONTROL SYSTEM PLAN 40 C.F.R. PART 257.82 PLANT YATES ASH POND 2 (AP-2) GEORGIA POWER COMPANY EPA s Disposal of Coal Combustion Residuals from Electric Utilities Final Rule (40 C.F.R.
More informationAssignment 1. Measuring River Characteristics- Vernon Creek. Applied Fluvial Geomorphology Field Techniques EESc 435
Assignment 1 Measuring River Characteristics- Vernon Creek Applied Fluvial Geomorphology Field Techniques EESc 435 Amanda Jardine 30100093 Jaime McDonald 14177083 Erica Massey 50870088 April 28, 2012 Introduction
More information3/3/2013. The hydro cycle water returns from the sea. All "toilet to tap." Introduction to Environmental Geology, 5e
Introduction to Environmental Geology, 5e Running Water: summary in haiku form Edward A. Keller Chapter 9 Rivers and Flooding Lecture Presentation prepared by X. Mara Chen, Salisbury University The hydro
More informationInfluence of geometry shape factor on trapping and flushing efficiencies
Reservoir Sedimentation Schleiss et al (Eds) 2014 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-1-138-02675-9 Influence of geometry shape factor on trapping and flushing efficiencies SA Kantoush Civil Engineering
More informationRiver Restoration and Rehabilitation. Pierre Y. Julien
River Restoration and Rehabilitation Pierre Y. Julien Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado River Mechanics and Sediment Transport Lima Peru
More informationIllinois State Water Survey Division
Illinois State Water Survey Division SURFACE WATER SECTION SWS Miscellaneous Publication 108 SEDIMENT YIELD AND ACCUMULATION IN THE LOWER CACHE RIVER by Misganaw Demissie Champaign, Illinois June 1989
More informationErosion and sedimentation problems in India
Erosion and Sediment Yield: Global and Regional Perspectives (Proceedings of the Exeter Symposium, July 1996). IAHSPubl.no. 236, 1996. 531 Erosion and sedimentation problems in India UMESH C. KOTHYARI
More informationSTUDY GUIDE FOR CONTENT MASTERY. Surface Water Movement
Surface Water SECTION 9.1 Surface Water Movement In your textbook, read about surface water and the way in which it moves sediment. Complete each statement. 1. An excessive amount of water flowing downslope
More informationHow to integrate wetland processes in river basin modeling? A West African case study
How to integrate wetland processes in river basin modeling? A West African case study stefan.liersch@pik-potsdam.de fred.hattermann@pik-potsdam.de June 2011 Outline Why is an inundation module required?
More informationSediment budgets and sinks in the Brahmaputra basin and their agricultural and ecological impacts
Sediment Dynamics and the Hydromorphology of Fluvial Systems (Proceedings of a symposium held in Dundee, UK, July 2006). IAHS Publ. 306, 2006. 399 Sediment budgets and sinks in the Brahmaputra basin and
More informationEvaluation of Deposition Pattern of Wonogiri Reservoir Sedimentation
International Journal of Civil & Environmental Engineering IJCEE-IJENS Vol: 15 No: 02 15 Evaluation of Deposition Pattern of Wonogiri Reservoir Sedimentation D.A. Wulandari 1, D. Legono 2 & S. Darsono
More informationSediment Capture in Pervious Concrete Pavement tsystems: Effects on Hydrological Performance and Suspended Solids
Concrete Sustainability Conference April 14 th 2010, Tempe, AZ Sediment Capture in Pervious Concrete Pavement tsystems: Effects on Hydrological l Performance and Suspended Solids Discharge Luis A. Mata,
More informationRoger Andy Gaines, Research Civil Engineer, PhD, P.E.
Roger Andy Gaines, Research Civil Engineer, PhD, P.E. Research Civil Engineer/Regional Technical Specialist Memphis District August 24, 2010 Objectives Where we have been (recap of situation and what s
More informationDETERMINATION OF SEDIMENT TRAP EFFICIENCY OF SMALL WATER RESERVOIR AT KREMPNA
Determination of sediment trap efficiency INFRASTRUKTURA I EKOLOGIA TERENÓW WIEJSKICH INFRASTRUCTURE AND EKOLOGY OF RURAL AREAS Nr 3/2007, POLSKA AKADEMIA NAUK, Oddział w Krakowie, s. 161 170 Komisja Technicznej
More informationGrant 0299-NEP: Water Resources Project Preparatory Facility
Document Produced under Grant Project Number: 45206 May 2016 Grant 0299-NEP: Water Resources Project Preparatory Facility Final Report Volume 3 East Rapti (1 of 9) Prepared by Pvt. Ltd. For Ministry of
More informationDegradation Concerns related to Bridge Structures in Alberta
Degradation Concerns related to Bridge Structures in Alberta Introduction There has been recent discussion regarding the identification and assessment of stream degradation in terms of how it relates to
More information