Extraction of Spatio-Temporal data about Historical events from text documents

Transcription

1 Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Department of Geosciences, Chair of Geoinformatics Extraction of Spatio-Temporal data about Historical events from text documents Case Study: German-Herero war of resistance 1904 Susanna Ambondo Abraham Alumni: MSc in Cartography Stephan Maes; Lars Bernard TU Dresden, Chair of Geoinformatics 23 July 2018

2 Content 23 July

3 History describes geography in the past. Space-time geography location & time of occurrence. Free access to historical digital archives Transform text documents into GIS representations NL & IE techniques Motivation Better understanding of IE for historical spatio-temporal data. Better understanding of events on the German - Herero war of resistance. 3

4 Case Study Background 1880s German Settlers arrived in SWA. Spread across the country Early 1900 s the resistance struggle began. Hereros revolted in Germany responded by sending approx troops under General Von Trotha. Battle of Hamakari, 11 August 1904 Hereros defeated. Source: Resistance struggle 1904 by Klaus Dierks 4

5 Source data: References Book sources: 1. Let us die fighting (Drechsler, 1966) 2. The revolt of the Hereros (Bridgman, 1981) 3. South West Africa under German rule (Bley, 1971) Websites and online articles: 1. Chronology of the Namibian history (Dierks, 2000) 2. Herero Uprising 11 January 1904 (Namibia-10n1, 2013) 5

6 Historical Documents Document Pre-Processing Language Processing Gazetteer Matching Annotation Gazetteer Creation Contextual Information Extraction Trajectory & Location Event Extraction Spatial & Temporal Gazetteers Text Processing Results 6

7 Gazetteer Creation: What do we want? Temporal expressions Spatial expressions Attributive information (Person s names) Spatial Gazetteer ANNIE gazetteer List of place names 3859 place names 7

8 Gazetteer Creation: Temporal Gazetteer JAPE grammar rule Date Expressions 7 Pattern rules No. Entity Pattern 1 Date June Date June Date June 13, Date 13 June 5. Date 13 June Date Date

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10 Contextual IE: 10

11 Entity Extraction Pipeline Date Person location Spatio-temporal relationships 11

12 GATE annotation framework: 12

13 GATE Annotation Results: 13

14 Trajectory & location events extraction Combine to Location event(persons name, Location, Date) Chronological order as per text document Write to PostgreSQL Database Produce individual trajectories

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16 References 263 location events

17 Historical Spatio-temporal data 1. Location visit events Location events in time 2. Individual trajectories Moving points in time 3. Battle events Location events in time Theory of a moving point in time

18 Modelling historical events in ArcGIS We are interested in: Space and existence in time Change in position & time Spatial relationships in time Where & When? 18

19 Spatio-temporal Cluster Analysis January location events Answers Where 19

20 Spatio-temporal Cluster Analysis January location events Why? 20

21 Space time cube Analysis Monthly location events (x, y, time) representation Answers: Where? When? 21

22 Trajectory representations References 22

23 Time Aware Map 23

24 Story Map Journal 24

25 Uncertainties in historical data Positional uncertainties Location names that do not exist Approximated locations Uncertain geographic locations Temporal uncertainties Uncertain duration of events Range of dates 25

26 Conclusions Approach used successfully extracted spatial, temporal and attributive Provide basis for structured data Interactive visual history teaching systems Support Domain specific extractions Extracted data small scale, poor temporal density Limited support Trajectory points connecting distant locations at discrete times ArcGIS online provides good Cartographic visualization tools 26

27 Introduction Case Study Source Data IE Workflow Results Conclusions & Therefore, recommend: Development of time query functions. Development of trajectory representation functions. Development of functions to estimate time between moving points. Use of Existing Geo& temporal taggers 27

28 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! 28