ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANKING AND MONITORING AS RELATED TO BANKING

Transcription

1 ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANKING AND MONITORING AS RELATED TO BANKING

2 Federal Ministry of the Interior (Bonn) Federal Environmental Agency (Berlin) United States Environmental Protection Agency (Washington) INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON Environmental Specimen Banking and Monitoring as Related to Banking SAARBRUECKEN, MAY, 1982 patronage by W.ZEYER Ministerpriisident des Saarlandes ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Chairmen F. COULSTON United States of America O. FRANZLE F.KORTE F. PELLERIN France L. STEUBING J. TOLG Scientific Coordinator N. STEIN Rapporteurs H.EGAN United Kingdom R.A. LEWIS United States of America H. W NURNBERG

3 Proceedings of the International Workshop, Saarbruecken, Federal Republic of Germany, May, 1982 Environmental Specimen Banking and Monitoring as Related to Banking edited by ROBERT A. LEWIS, NORBERT STEIN and CAROLYN W. LEWIS Institute of Biogeography, University of Saarland Saarbruecken, 1984 MARTINUS NIJHOFF PUBLISHERS a member of the KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS GROUP BOSTON / THE HAGUE / DORDRECHT / LANCASTER

4 Distributors jor the United States and Canada: Kluwer Boston, Inc., 190 Old Derby Street, Hingham, MA 02043, USA jor all other countries: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, Distribution Center, P.O.Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: ISBN-13: e.isbn-13: DOl: / Copyright 1984 by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Boston. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1984 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 190 Old Derby Street, Hingham, MA 02043, USA.

5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: The following persons assisted in local arrangements for the workshop: I. Hoffel, E. Hushens, V. John, J. KrUger, A. Konzmann, M. Konzmann, G. Merl, S. Pies, R. Rodel, H. Schreiber, G. Wagner. S. Benning and S. Pies assisted in preparation of the Proceedings. Additional support from the Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft des Saarlandes e.v., Universitat, 6600 Saarbrlicken, is also gratefully acknowledged.

6 EDITORIAL PREFACE There is a great dispar.ity between the ability of the major industrial nations to produce and distribute chemicals and our ability to comprehend the nature and potential severity of unintended consequences for man, his life support systems and the environment generally. Furthermore, the gap between our ability to produce and distribute myriad chemicals and our ability to identify, understand or predict unfavorable environmental impacts may widen. As environmental scientists we are conscious of the interrelatedness, not only of environmental systems, but of nations as well. Materials are continually moved across boundaries by human as well as natural agencies. The extent, rate and nature of transfer for most pollutants is largely unknown. We can only guess which of the numerous chemicals produced are candidates for concern. More important still is our practical ignorance of the mechanisms of chronic effects upon natural systems and of the concentrations, combinations and circumstances that may lead to irreversibilities or to serious consequences for man. We know very little also regarding the potential for or the kinds of indirect effects that might occur. With respect to the environmentltself, we know little of its assimilative capacity with regard to widely dispersed pollutants and their transformation products. But what we do know is disquieting, and a much-improved system for the evaluation and management of toxic and hazardous chemicals is needed. Available strategies are few and the best (as well as the worst) are costly and,as the contributions of these proceedings collectively indicate, must include chemical, toxicological and ecological research, toxicological screening, control technology development, monitoring and specimen banking, hazard assessment, improved data management and effective international cooperation. In the development of national systems of chemical evaluation and management the trans-national and indeed global character of chemical impact cannot be safely ignored.

7 IX CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS V EDITORIAL PREFACE... VII SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS..... WELCOMING ADDRESS OF PAUL MULLER... 7 WELCOMING ADDRESS OF WOLFGANG KNIES... 8 WELCOMING ADDRESS OF GEORGE M. GOLDSTEIN OPENING ADDRESS: TASK AND POSSIBILITIES OF'A SPECIMEN BANK: ULRICH R. BOEHRINGER and FRIEDRICH I, SCHMIDT -BLEEK SECTION A: REALIZATION OF SPECIMEN BANKING SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS OF SECTION A PAPERS CONTRIBUTED FOR SECTION A: AMAVIS R., GILLARD c., SCHUBERT R. Relationship between an international environmental specimen monitoring programme and the implementation of a prevention policy concerning environmental pollution AMBE Y. The state of the art of the researches on environmental specimen banking in Japan ELLIOT J.E. Collecting and archiving wildlife specimen in Canada 45 KEMPER F.H., LUPKE N.P. General aspects of monitoring and banking of human biological specimens KING N. Environmental specimen banking in the UK; do we need to go any further? KORTE F. Realization of specimen banking: chemical approaches PRIES C, DE KOCK W.C., MARQUENIE J.M. Specimen banks and,the monitoring of surface water pollution by aquatic organisms... 88

8 x STOEPPLER M., BACKHAUS F., SCHLADOT J.-D., NURNBERG H.W. Concept and operational experiences of the pilot environmental specimen bank program in the, WISE S.A., FITZPATRICK K.A., HARRISON S.H., ZEISLER R. Operation of the U.S. pilot national environmental specimen bank program SECTION B: SPECIMEN SELECTION SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS OF SECTION B 133 PAPERS CONTRIBUTED FOR SECTION B: BEETON A.M, GANNON J.E. The importance of specimen banking to monitoring the St. Lawrence Great Lakes FRANZLE O. Regionally representative sampling MULLER P. Experimental bio-monitoring, food web monitoring and specimen banking MULLER W., RENGER M., LUKEN H. Criteria for the selection of soils for the environmental specimen bank SKELL Y J.M. Recommendations for specimen banking and monitoring accumulations of air pollutants by plants STATES J., BURNS To, HINDS T. The environmental monitoring of "emergent properties" as related to specimen banking SECTION C: CHARACTERIZATION OF SAMPLES AND PRIORITIES TO BE ANAL YZED SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS OF SECTION C PAPERS CONTRIBUTED FOR SECTION C: BALLSCHMITTER K. Analytical aspects of the characterization and monitoring of banked samples with special reference to organohalogenes DURBECK H. W. Analytical aspects of monitoring diethylstilbestrol and related anabolic compounds in stored samples of different origin FISHBEIN L. Analysis of aromatic amines, organochlorine compounds and "dioxin" in biological samples GRIEPINK B., MARCHANDISE H. Reference materials of the European Community

9 GRIMMER G. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and azaarenes in environmental specimens RAPPE C., BERGQVIST P.A., BUSER H.R., GARA A., MARKLUND, NYGREN M. Analysis of polychlorinated dibenzo-pdioxins and dibenzofurans ZEISLER R., HARRISON S.H., WISE S.A. Analysis of human liver specimens in the U.S. pilot national environmental specimen bank program XI LIST OF PARTICIPANTS AND CONTRIBUTORS